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A2 verb #6,000 most common 13 min read

murmurar

Top 6,000

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips murmurar in 30 Seconds

Explanation murmurar in your Level:

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Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

murmurar in 30 Seconds

To speak in a low, indistinct voice.
Often used for secrets, complaints, or illness.
Implies quietness and lack of clarity.
Similar to whispering but less clear and more general.

Definition

To say something in a low or indistinct voice, often to avoid being overheard or because of shyness, sadness, or a cold.

Contexts

People murmur when they are sharing a secret, complaining softly, feeling unwell, or speaking in a hushed tone due to the circumstances. It implies a lack of volume and clarity, suggesting the speaker might not want to be fully heard or understood by everyone present. This can range from a gentle whisper of affection to a disgruntled grumble of dissatisfaction. For instance, children might murmur their fears to their parents, or a group of friends might murmur plans to each other discreetly. In a library or a quiet place, even normal conversation might be reduced to a murmur. When someone has a sore throat or a cold, their voice might naturally become a murmur. The key is the low, indistinct quality of the sound, often conveying a sense of intimacy, secrecy, or discomfort. It's not a loud or assertive way of speaking. Think of the sound of a crowd of people talking softly in the background – that's a collective murmur. An individual can also murmur to themselves, perhaps while thinking aloud or expressing a private thought. The intention behind murmuring can vary greatly, from sharing something important with a select few to expressing a mild complaint that one doesn't want to escalate. It’s a versatile verb that captures a specific nuance of vocalization, focusing on the quietness and indistinctness of the sound produced. The word itself, 'murmurar,' evokes a soft, flowing sound, much like the gentle rustling of leaves or the distant sound of water. This auditory imagery helps to solidify the meaning of speaking in a low, often barely audible, voice. It's a verb that paints a picture of quiet communication, where words are not meant to be projected but rather shared in a more reserved and intimate manner. The act of murmuring can also imply a certain hesitation or a lack of confidence in speaking out. It's the opposite of shouting or speaking clearly and confidently. Instead, it’s about a subdued vocalization that requires careful listening to decipher. The reasons for this subdued vocalization are as varied as human emotions themselves, ranging from the simple act of sharing a secret to the more complex expression of unease or displeasure. The verb 'murmurar' is a valuable addition to any Spanish speaker's vocabulary, allowing for a more precise description of how people communicate when they choose not to speak loudly or clearly. It adds a layer of subtlety to the act of speaking, differentiating it from other forms of vocal expression. The sound of murmuring can be comforting, like a lullaby, or it can be unsettling, like hushed, anxious whispers. This duality in its connotation makes it a rich and expressive verb in the Spanish language, capable of conveying a wide spectrum of human interaction and emotion through the simple act of speaking in a low voice. It’s a verb that encourages us to listen more closely, not just to the words spoken, but to the unspoken emotions and intentions that lie beneath the surface of a quiet utterance. The subtle variations in tone and volume when murmuring can speak volumes about a person's state of mind, making it a fascinating verb to explore in the context of human communication. It’s a word that invites us to pay attention to the quieter aspects of language, where meaning is often conveyed as much by what is not said loudly as by what is whispered. The gentle, almost inaudible quality of a murmur can create a sense of shared intimacy, as if the speaker is confiding a secret directly into the listener's ear. This makes it a powerful tool for conveying a sense of closeness or exclusivity in communication.

Ella empezó a murmurar palabras incomprensibles cuando se despertó.

Los niños empezaron a murmurar sobre el regalo que habían recibido.

Synonym Hint

Think of words related to whispering or speaking very softly.

Antonym Hint

The opposite would be speaking loudly or clearly.

Grammar Note

'Murmurar' is a regular -ar verb and follows standard conjugation patterns.

Basic Structure

The verb 'murmurar' is typically followed by direct or indirect objects, or by a clause introduced by 'que' (that), indicating what is being murmured. It can also be used intransitively, simply meaning to speak in a low voice.

Example 1: Murmuring a secret

'Le oí murmurar algo al oído a su amigo.' (I heard him murmur something in his friend's ear.) Here, 'algo' (something) is the direct object, and the action is directed towards 'su amigo' (his friend).

Example 2: Murmuring complaints

'Los empleados empezaron a murmurar sobre las nuevas políticas de la empresa.' (The employees began to murmur about the new company policies.) In this case, 'sobre las nuevas políticas...' functions as the object of the murmuring, indicating the subject of their low voices.

Example 3: Murmuring to oneself

'Estaba tan cansado que solo podía murmurar incoherencias.' (He was so tired that he could only murmur incoherencies.) This shows the intransitive use, where the focus is purely on the act of speaking indistinctly.

Example 4: Murmuring due to illness

'Con la gripe, su voz se convirtió en un murmurar constante.' (With the flu, his voice became a constant murmur.) Here, 'murmurar' is used as a noun substitute, describing the state of his voice.

Example 5: Murmuring a prayer

'Recitaba una oración en voz baja, casi murmurando las palabras.' (She recited a prayer in a low voice, almost murmuring the words.) The gerund form '-ando' is used here to describe an ongoing action simultaneous to another.

Example 6: Murmuring in a crowd

'En la sala de espera, se oía el murmurar de varias conversaciones.' (In the waiting room, the murmur of several conversations could be heard.) This demonstrates the noun form of 'murmurar'.

Example 7: Murmuring affection

'Le dijo 'te quiero' con un murmurar tierno.' (He told her 'I love you' with a tender murmur.) Again, the noun form is used to describe the quality of the utterance.

Example 8: Murmuring dissent

'Aunque no lo dijo en voz alta, se podía notar que estaba murmurando su desacuerdo.' (Although he didn't say it out loud, you could tell he was murmuring his disagreement.) The gerund highlights the continuous, subtle expression of his feelings.

Example 9: Murmuring encouragement

'El entrenador le dio instrucciones, murmurando palabras de aliento.' (The coach gave him instructions, murmuring words of encouragement.) This shows the verb used to describe a supportive, quiet action.

Example 10: Murmuring about the weather

'Afuera llovía mucho y la gente murmuraba sobre el mal tiempo.' (It was raining a lot outside and people were murmuring about the bad weather.) This is a common, everyday use of the verb.

Everyday Conversations

You'll frequently hear 'murmurar' in informal settings. Imagine friends sharing secrets, whispering gossip, or discussing plans they don't want others to overhear. For example, at a party, you might see people leaning in close to murmurar jokes or personal comments to each other. It's the sound of hushed tones, often accompanied by knowing glances. This is particularly common among younger people sharing something exciting or sensitive. The intimacy of the act of murmuring lends itself perfectly to these private exchanges. Think of a scenario where someone is trying to explain something complex to a friend without drawing attention; they might murmurar the details. Even in a family setting, a child might murmurar their desires to a parent, hoping for a special treat.

Places Requiring Quiet

Libraries, cinemas, religious services, and quiet offices are places where 'murmurar' is common. People instinctively lower their voices to avoid disturbing others. You might hear a soft murmurar of conversation in a library's reading room, or hushed whispers during a movie. In a church or mosque, prayers are often uttered as murmurs, a personal communion with the divine. Even in a hospital waiting room, the ambient sound is often a low murmurar of anxious conversations. The very nature of these environments encourages subdued vocalizations. It's the sound of respect for the shared space and the people within it. Imagine the collective sound of a large group of people attending a solemn ceremony – much of that sound will be a soft murmurar.

Expressions of Discomfort or Illness

When someone is feeling unwell, their voice might naturally become a murmur. A person with a sore throat or a bad cold might murmurar their responses or complaints. This is also heard when someone is exhausted or in pain, their energy levels too low for a strong voice. You might hear someone murmurar about their headache or their general malaise. It's a vocalization that reflects physical weakness or discomfort. The indistinctness of the sound can sometimes make it difficult to understand exactly what they are saying, adding to the sense of their suffering.

Se le oía murmurar de dolor.

Expressing Dissatisfaction or Complaint

People often murmurar complaints when they are unhappy with a situation but don't want to confront anyone directly. This could be about food in a restaurant, slow service, or an unfair decision. You might hear a low murmurar of discontent among a group of colleagues about a new policy. It's a way of expressing displeasure without causing a scene. This type of murmuring can sometimes be a precursor to more open dissent. The sound is often characterized by a low, guttural tone, reflecting annoyance or frustration.

La gente empezó a murmurar que el precio era demasiado alto.

Literary and Dramatic Contexts

In literature and film, 'murmurar' is used to create atmosphere or convey character. A mysterious character might murmurar prophecies, or a tense scene might be filled with the sound of characters murmurando their fears. It adds a layer of subtlety and intrigue to the narrative. Authors use it to describe the indistinct sounds of crowds, the whispered secrets of lovers, or the muttered incantations of sorcerers. The word itself is evocative, and its use in writing can significantly enhance the mood and imagery.

El oráculo murmuró una advertencia críptica.

Confusing with 'Susurrar' (to whisper)

While both 'murmurar' and 'susurrar' involve speaking softly, 'susurrar' implies a more deliberate and clear, though quiet, utterance, often directly into someone's ear. 'Murmurar' is more about indistinctness and lack of clarity, and can be more general, like a background hum of voices. You 'susurras' a secret to one person; you might hear a crowd 'murmurar' about an event.

Mistake: Dijo el secreto en un murmurar claro.
Correct: Dijo el secreto en un susurro claro.

Using it for Loud Speaking

The core meaning of 'murmurar' is speaking in a low, indistinct voice. Using it to describe shouting or speaking clearly and loudly is incorrect. It's the opposite of projecting your voice. If someone is giving a speech, they are not murmuring; they are speaking loudly and clearly.

Mistake: El orador murmuraba su discurso.
Correct: El orador hablaba alto y claro durante su discurso.

Overuse in Formal Contexts

While 'murmurar' can be used in some formal contexts (e.g., describing the hushed tones of an audience), it's generally more common in informal or descriptive language. Overusing it in very formal writing might sound out of place, especially if the intention is to describe clear, direct communication. For official announcements or formal speeches, other verbs like 'decir' (to say), 'anunciar' (to announce), or 'declarar' (to declare) would be more appropriate.

Mistake: El presidente murmuró la ley al congreso.
Correct: El presidente anunció la ley al congreso.

Confusing with 'Balbucear' (to stammer/babble)

'Balbucear' refers to speaking with difficulty, often due to nervousness, excitement, or a speech impediment, resulting in broken or unclear sounds. 'Murmurar' is about speaking softly and indistinctly, not necessarily with difficulty in articulation. Someone might murmurar a coherent sentence, but they might balbucear a few words due to shyness.

Mistake: Estaba tan nervioso que murmuraba todo.
Correct: Estaba tan nervioso que balbuceaba todo.

Incorrect Verb Conjugation

As a regular -ar verb, 'murmurar' follows predictable conjugation patterns. Mistakes often occur with irregular verb forms or incorrect endings. For example, using 'murmuro' for the third-person plural present tense instead of 'murmurán'. Always double-check your conjugations based on the subject and tense.

Mistake: Ellos murmuro en secreto.
Correct: Ellos murmuraban en secreto.

Susurrar (to whisper)

Similar in that it's quiet speech, but 'susurrar' implies clearer articulation and a more direct, often intimate, communication. You whisper a secret directly to someone. 'Murmurar' is often more about indistinctness, like a general low hum of voices or quiet complaints without clear articulation.

Example: 'Le susurró al oído un secreto.' (He whispered a secret in her ear.) vs. 'La gente murmuraba sobre el incidente.' (People were murmuring about the incident.)

Hablar bajo (to speak softly/low)

This is a more general phrase that can encompass murmuring, whispering, or simply speaking at a lower volume. 'Murmurar' specifically implies indistinctness and a lack of clarity, whereas 'hablar bajo' could still be clear speech, just at a reduced volume.

Example: 'Por favor, habla bajo, el bebé está durmiendo.' (Please, speak softly, the baby is sleeping.) - This doesn't necessarily mean indistinctly. 'El anciano murmuraba sus recuerdos.' (The old man murmured his memories.) - Implies indistinctness.

Quejarse (to complain)

'Murmurar' can be used to describe the act of complaining softly or indistinctly. However, 'quejarse' is the direct verb for complaining, which can be done loudly or quietly. One might murmurar a complaint, meaning to complain in a low, indistinct voice.

Example: 'Ella se quejó en voz alta de la comida.' (She complained loudly about the food.) vs. 'Ella murmuró que la comida estaba fría.' (She murmured that the food was cold.)

Refunfuñar (to grumble/mutter)

This is very close to 'murmurar' when used for expressing dissatisfaction. 'Refunfuñar' specifically implies a low, guttural sound of discontent, often with pursed lips. It's a more negative and often more audible complaint than a general murmur. While you can murmurar discontent, you specifically refunfuñas when you are grumbling.

Example: 'No dijo nada, solo refunfuñó para sí mismo.' (He said nothing, just grumbled to himself.) vs. 'El grupo murmuraba sobre el retraso.' (The group was murmuring about the delay.)

Balbucear (to stammer/babble)

As mentioned in common mistakes, 'balbucear' refers to speaking with difficulty, producing unclear or broken sounds due to nervousness, excitement, or a speech impediment. 'Murmurar' is about speaking softly and indistinctly, but the articulation itself might be clear if one could hear it better. It's not about the difficulty of forming words, but the low volume and lack of clarity.

Example: 'Estaba tan nervioso que balbuceó su respuesta.' (He was so nervous that he stammered out his answer.) vs. 'Ella murmuró una disculpa.' (She murmured an apology.)

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

The sound 'murmur' is found in many languages, often with a similar meaning, reflecting its onomatopoeic origin. For example, in English it's 'murmur', in French 'murmurer', and in Italian 'mormorare'.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /mʊərˈmʊrɑːr/

US /mərˈmərɑːr/

The stress falls on the second syllable: mur-MU-rar.

Rhymes With

lamentar cantar hablar soñar encontrar llegar terminar pensar

Common Errors

Pronouncing the 'u' sound too strongly.
Not rolling or tapping the 'r' sounds.
Incorrect stress placement, often stressing the first syllable.
Pronouncing the final 'ar' as if it were 'air'.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 2/5

The verb 'murmurar' is relatively straightforward for A2 learners. Understanding its nuances, especially when compared to 'susurrar', might require B1 level comprehension. Its common usage in everyday contexts makes it accessible.

Writing 2/5

Speaking 2/5

Listening 2/5

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

hablar decir voz bajo secreto queja

Learn Next

susurrar refunfuñar balbucear hablar quedo

Advanced

cuchichear rumorear conspirar

Grammar to Know

Conjugation of regular -ar verbs

'Murmurar' follows the standard conjugation pattern for regular -ar verbs. For example, in the present tense: yo murmuro, tú murmuras, él/ella murmura, nosotros murmuramos, vosotros murmuráis, ellos murmuran.

Use of the gerund (-ando, -iendo)

When an action is happening simultaneously or continuously, the gerund is used: 'Estaba murmurando mientras caminaba.' (He was murmuring while walking.)

Use of the infinitive

The infinitive 'murmurar' is used after prepositions or certain verbs: 'Quiero murmurar una disculpa.' (I want to murmur an apology.) or 'Vino a murmurar un consejo.' (He came to murmur some advice.)

Impersonal 'se' constructions

Used to describe sounds heard without specifying the source: 'Se oía un murmullo en la sala.' (A murmur could be heard in the room.)

Use of nouns derived from verbs (e.g., 'murmullo')

The noun 'murmullo' refers to the sound itself: 'El murmullo de la multitud era ensordecedor.' (The murmur of the crowd was deafening.)

Examples by Level

El niño murmuró 'mamá'.

The child murmured 'mom'.

Simple past tense of murmurar (murmuró).

Ella murmuró algo bajo.

She murmured something quietly.

Adverb 'bajo' (quietly) reinforces the meaning.

No puedo oírte, solo murmuras.

I can't hear you, you only murmur.

Present tense of murmurar (murmuras).

El perro murmuró.

The dog murmured.

Past tense, often used humorously for animal sounds.

Murmuramos en la biblioteca.

We murmur in the library.

Present tense, first-person plural (murmuramos).

Él murmuró una excusa.

He murmured an excuse.

Past tense, third-person singular (murmuró).

Las olas murmuraban.

The waves murmured.

Past tense, often used poetically for sounds of nature.

Ellos murmuraron palabras.

They murmured words.

Past tense, third-person plural (murmuraron).

La gente en la cafetería empezó a murmurar cuando llegó la noticia.

The people in the cafeteria started to murmur when the news arrived.

Preterite tense of empezar (empezó) and imperfect tense of murmurar (murmurar).

Sentí que estaba murmurando quejas, pero no podía oír lo que decía.

I felt like he was murmuring complaints, but I couldn't hear what he was saying.

Imperfect tense of murmurar (murmurando) in the continuous form.

Con la garganta irritada, solo podía murmurar respuestas cortas.

With his throat irritated, he could only murmur short answers.

Impersonal 'poder' (could) followed by infinitive 'murmurar'.

Los niños se reunieron para murmurar sus planes secretos.

The children gathered to murmur their secret plans.

Infinitive 'murmurar' after 'para' (to/in order to).

Ella se sintió mal y empezó a murmurar sobre su cansancio.

She felt sick and began to murmur about her tiredness.

Preterite tense of sentir (sintió) and empezar (empezó).

El público comenzó a murmurar de impaciencia.

The audience began to murmur with impatience.

Preterite tense of comenzar (comenzó) and the preposition 'de' indicating cause.

El viejo marinero murmuraba historias del mar.

The old sailor murmured stories of the sea.

Imperfect tense of murmurar (murmuraba) for habitual past action.

A veces, cuando está solo, murmura para sí mismo.

Sometimes, when he is alone, he murmurs to himself.

Present tense of murmurar (murmura) with the reflexive pronoun 'sí mismo'.

A pesar de la multitud, se podía oír un ligero murmurar de conversaciones.

Despite the crowd, a slight murmur of conversations could be heard.

Impersonal 'poder' (could be heard) followed by the noun 'murmurar' (murmur).

El director intentó calmar a la gente, pero solo consiguió que empezaran a murmurar más fuerte.

The director tried to calm people down, but only managed to make them start to murmur louder.

Preterite tense of intentar (intentó), conseguir (consiguió), and the infinitive 'murmurar'.

Su tono de voz, casi un murmurar, sugería que no estaba diciendo toda la verdad.

His tone of voice, almost a murmur, suggested that he wasn't telling the whole truth.

Noun form 'murmurar' used descriptively.

Los estudiantes empezaron a murmurar entre sí sobre la dificultad del examen.

The students began to murmur among themselves about the difficulty of the exam.

Preterite tense of empezar (empezaron) and the reflexive 'entre sí'.

El sonido del viento entre los árboles era como un suave murmurar.

The sound of the wind in the trees was like a soft murmur.

Noun form 'murmurar' used in a simile.

Intentó explicar la situación, pero su voz se ahogó en un murmurar general.

He tried to explain the situation, but his voice got lost in a general murmur.

Noun form 'murmurar' indicating a collective sound.

A menudo, las noticias se transmiten a través de murmurares y rumores.

Often, news is transmitted through murmurs and rumors.

Plural noun form 'murmurares' (murmurs).

El viejo bibliotecario se limitaba a murmurar sus recomendaciones.

The old librarian limited himself to murmuring his recommendations.

Preterite tense of limitar (limitó) and infinitive 'murmurar'.

Se escuchaba un murmullo constante de descontento entre los manifestantes.

A constant murmur of discontent could be heard among the protesters.

Noun form 'murmullo' (murmur) is a common synonym for the action of murmuring.

El orador se dio cuenta de que su discurso estaba provocando un murmullo de incredulidad en la audiencia.

The speaker realized that his speech was provoking a murmur of disbelief in the audience.

Noun form 'murmullo' to describe audience reaction.

En las reuniones clandestinas, las instrucciones se daban en murmurares apenas audibles.

In clandestine meetings, instructions were given in barely audible murmurs.

Plural noun form 'murmurares' used to emphasize the quietness and secrecy.

La tensión en la sala era palpable, solo rota por el ocasional murmurar de alguien nervioso.

The tension in the room was palpable, only broken by the occasional murmur of someone nervous.

Noun form 'murmurar' describing a specific sound within the silence.

A medida que la película avanzaba, el murmullo de la sala se intensificaba.

As the movie progressed, the murmur in the room intensified.

Noun form 'murmullo' referring to the collective sound of the audience.

Intentó disimular su enfado, pero su voz no pudo evitar murmurar una queja.

He tried to hide his anger, but his voice couldn't help murmuring a complaint.

Verb 'murmurar' used to describe an involuntary expression of discontent.

Los secretos se transmitían de boca en boca, en murmurares que nadie más podía escuchar.

Secrets were passed from mouth to mouth, in murmurs that no one else could hear.

Plural noun form 'murmurares' to emphasize the secrecy and exclusivity of the communication.

El murmullo de las abejas en el campo creaba una atmósfera de paz.

The murmur of bees in the field created an atmosphere of peace.

Noun form 'murmullo' used poetically for natural sounds.

El silencio en la sala de espera solo se veía interrumpido por el tenue murmurar de las conversaciones telefónicas.

The silence in the waiting room was only interrupted by the faint murmur of phone conversations.

Adjective 'tenue' (faint) modifies 'murmurar'.

A pesar de sus esfuerzos por mantener la calma, un murmullo de duda se extendió entre los asistentes.

Despite his efforts to remain calm, a murmur of doubt spread among the attendees.

Noun form 'murmullo' indicating a collective feeling or reaction.

Las intrigas palaciegas se desarrollaban en susurros y murmurares, lejos de oídos indiscretos.

Palace intrigues unfolded in whispers and murmurs, far from indiscreet ears.

Plural noun form 'murmurares' used alongside 'susurros' (whispers).

El rumor de la ciudad, un murmullo constante de actividad, nunca cesaba por completo.

The hum of the city, a constant murmur of activity, never completely ceased.

Noun form 'murmullo' to describe the ambient sound of a city.

La noticia se propagó como un reguero de pólvora, no a través de anuncios oficiales, sino de murmurares y conjeturas.

The news spread like wildfire, not through official announcements, but through murmurs and conjectures.

Plural noun form 'murmurares' emphasizing informal information spread.

El discurso del líder, pronunciado en un tono bajo y casi murmurado, pretendía ser íntimo pero resultó inaudible.

The leader's speech, delivered in a low and almost murmured tone, was intended to be intimate but ended up inaudible.

Adverbial use of 'murmurado' (murmured) to describe the tone.

Los secretos familiares se guardaban celosamente, transmitidos solo en murmurares entre generaciones.

Family secrets were guarded jealously, passed down only in murmurs between generations.

Plural noun form 'murmurares' to highlight the tradition of hushed communication.

El murmullo del riachuelo era la única banda sonora de su retiro en la naturaleza.

The murmur of the stream was the only soundtrack to his retreat in nature.

Noun form 'murmullo' to describe the gentle sound of water.

Se rumoreaba que en los círculos más influyentes, las decisiones cruciales se tomaban en murmurares confidenciales.

It was rumored that in the most influential circles, crucial decisions were made in confidential murmurs.

Plural noun form 'murmurares' to describe the secretive nature of high-level decision-making.

La atmósfera de la ópera, cargada de expectación, solo se rompía por el leve murmullo del público antes del inicio.

The atmosphere of the opera, charged with anticipation, was only broken by the slight murmur of the audience before the start.

Noun form 'murmullo' to describe the ambient sound of anticipation.

El eco de sus palabras se perdió en el murmullo indistinguible de la multitud que se dispersaba.

The echo of his words was lost in the indistinguishable murmur of the dispersing crowd.

Noun form 'murmullo' emphasizing the indistinctness of a large group's sound.

A pesar de la solemnidad del evento, no pudo evitar que un murmullo de incredulidad recorriera la sala.

Despite the solemnity of the event, he couldn't prevent a murmur of disbelief from running through the room.

Noun form 'murmullo' to describe a collective, subtle reaction.

Las teorías conspirativas a menudo se nutren de murmurares y especulaciones, tejidas en la oscuridad de internet.

Conspiracy theories often feed on murmurs and speculations, woven in the darkness of the internet.

Plural noun form 'murmurares' referring to the spread of unsubstantiated information.

El discurso, cargado de alusiones veladas, invitaba a la reflexión más que a la comprensión inmediata, provocando un murmullo de preguntas no formuladas.

The speech, laden with veiled allusions, invited reflection rather than immediate understanding, provoking a murmur of unasked questions.

Noun form 'murmullo' to describe the unspoken thoughts and questions of the audience.

El murmullo de la historia se escucha en las ruinas antiguas, en las leyendas transmitidas de generación en generación.

The murmur of history is heard in ancient ruins, in legends passed down through generations.

Noun form 'murmullo' used metaphorically for the subtle presence of the past.

En la penumbra del bar, las confesiones se vertían en murmurares ahogados por la música.

In the dim light of the bar, confessions were poured out in murmurs drowned by the music.

Plural noun form 'murmurares' to describe hushed confessions in a noisy environment.

Common Collocations

murmurar secretos

murmurar quejas

murmurar en voz baja

murmurar de descontento

murmurar para sí mismo

murmurar palabras ininteligibles

un suave murmurar

un murmullo de voces

murmurar promesas

murmurar oraciones

Common Phrases

murmurar algo

— To say something in a low, indistinct voice.

Le oí murmurar algo sobre el tiempo.

murmurar para sí mismo

— To speak to oneself in a low voice, often when thinking or alone.

Estaba tan concentrado que murmuraba para sí mismo.

empezar a murmurar

— To begin speaking in a low, indistinct voice.

La audiencia empezó a murmurar al ver al presentador.

se oía un murmurar

— A murmur could be heard; used to describe background indistinct speech.

En la sala, se oía un murmurar constante.

murmurar de descontento

— To express dissatisfaction or unhappiness in a low, indistinct voice.

Los trabajadores murmuraban de descontento por las nuevas reglas.

murmurar quejas

— To complain in a low, indistinct voice.

No quería discutir, así que solo murmuró quejas.

murmurar en voz baja

— To speak very quietly, often to avoid being overheard.

Me contó el secreto, murmurando en voz baja.

murmurar oraciones

— To recite prayers in a low, indistinct voice.

En la iglesia, la gente murmuraba oraciones.

un leve murmurar

— A slight, indistinct sound of voices.

Se escuchó un leve murmurar antes de que comenzara la película.

murmurar de dolor

— To express pain in a low, indistinct voice.

El herido murmuraba de dolor.

Often Confused With

murmurar vs Susurrar

'Susurrar' means to whisper, which implies a clear but quiet utterance, often directly into someone's ear. 'Murmurar' is more about indistinctness and a general low sound, not necessarily directed clearly.

murmurar vs Hablar bajo

'Hablar bajo' is a general term for speaking softly. It doesn't necessarily imply the lack of clarity or the specific connotations (like secrecy or discontent) that 'murmurar' often carries.

murmurar vs Refunfuñar

'Refunfuñar' specifically means to grumble or mutter, usually expressing annoyance. While it involves speaking softly, it's focused on negative emotion, whereas 'murmurar' can be neutral or for other reasons like secrets or illness.

Idioms & Expressions

"murmurar entre dientes"

— To speak in a very low voice, almost inaudibly, often expressing discontent or annoyance. It's similar to muttering under one's breath.

No quería que nadie se enterara, así que lo dijo murmurando entre dientes.

Informal

"el murmullo de la gente"

— Refers to the general, indistinct sound of many people talking, often in a public place.

En el mercado, el murmullo de la gente creaba un ambiente animado.

Neutral

"murmurar como un río"

— Used poetically to describe a continuous, soft, and flowing sound, like that of a gentle river.

El viento entre los árboles sonaba como un río que murmuraba.

Literary

"murmurar una plegaria"

— To say a prayer in a very low, quiet voice, often for personal devotion.

En la quietud de la noche, murmuró una plegaria por su familia.

Religious/Neutral

"murmurar el nombre de alguien"

— To say someone's name very softly, often with affection, longing, or distress.

En su sueño, murmuraba el nombre de su amor perdido.

Emotional/Literary

"murmurar contra el sistema"

— To express quiet, often widespread, dissent or dissatisfaction with an authority or system, without openly protesting.

Los ciudadanos empezaron a murmurar contra el sistema, cansados de la corrupción.

Political/Social

"el murmullo de la historia"

— A metaphorical phrase suggesting the subtle, often unheard, influences or echoes of past events or traditions.

Al visitar las ruinas, se podía sentir el murmullo de la historia.

Figurative/Literary

"murmurar una advertencia"

— To give a warning in a low, indistinct voice, perhaps implying secrecy or that the warning is not meant for everyone.

El anciano le murmuró una advertencia sobre el peligro que se avecinaba.

Neutral/Intriguing

"el murmullo de las almas"

— A poetic or spiritual expression referring to the inner thoughts or feelings of individuals, or perhaps a collective spiritual atmosphere.

En la meditación, buscaba escuchar el murmullo de las almas.

Spiritual/Literary

"murmurar un deseo"

— To express a wish very softly, often in a private or hopeful manner.

En silencio, murmuró un deseo para el Año Nuevo.

Personal/Hopeful

Easily Confused

murmurar vs Susurrar

Both involve speaking quietly.

'Susurrar' is a clear, quiet utterance, often directed to one person for a specific message (like a secret). 'Murmurar' is a low, indistinct sound, which can be a general hum of voices or a soft, unclear statement, often implying secrecy, discontent, or weakness.

Le susurró 'te quiero' al oído. (She whispered 'I love you' in his ear.) vs. La multitud murmuraba sobre el incidente. (The crowd was murmuring about the incident.)

murmurar vs Hablar bajo

Both describe speaking at a low volume.

'Hablar bajo' is a general instruction to reduce volume. The speech can still be clear. 'Murmurar' inherently implies indistinctness and a lack of clarity, often conveying emotions like secrecy, complaint, or illness.

Por favor, habla bajo, el bebé duerme. (Please speak softly, the baby is sleeping.) vs. El anciano murmuraba sus recuerdos. (The old man murmured his memories, making them hard to understand.)

murmurar vs Refunfuñar

Both involve speaking softly and often express negative feelings.

'Refunfuñar' is specifically about grumbling or muttering in annoyance or dissatisfaction, often with a guttural sound. 'Murmurar' is broader; it can be used for secrets, illness, or general indistinct speech, not exclusively for complaints.

No quería discutir, así que refunfuñó sobre el retraso. (He didn't want to argue, so he grumbled about the delay.) vs. Murmuró que el precio era demasiado alto. (He murmured that the price was too high - could be a simple observation or complaint.)

murmurar vs Balbucear

Both result in unclear speech.

'Balbucear' means to stammer or babble, indicating difficulty in articulating words due to nervousness, excitement, or a speech impediment. 'Murmurar' is about speaking softly and indistinctly, but the articulation itself might be clear if heard better; the issue is volume and general lack of clarity, not articulation difficulty.

Estaba tan nervioso que balbuceó su respuesta. (He was so nervous that he stammered his answer.) vs. Estaba enfermo y solo podía murmurar. (He was sick and could only murmur.)

murmurar vs Cuchichear

Both involve quiet speaking, often in groups.

'Cuchichear' is very similar to 'susurrar' but often implies speaking in hushed tones within a group, sharing gossip or secrets. It's generally clearer than 'murmurar'. 'Murmurar' can be a collective, indistinct sound, while 'cuchichear' implies more distinct, albeit quiet, exchanges.

Los niños cuchicheaban en clase. (The children were whispering in class.) vs. Se oía un murmullo de voces en el pasillo. (A murmur of voices could be heard in the hallway.)

Sentence Patterns

Subject + murmuró + object.

El niño murmuró 'agua'.

Subject + murmurar + adverb.

Ella murmuró bajo.

Subject + empezó a + murmurar.

La gente empezó a murmurar.

Subject + murmuraba + preposition + object.

Él murmuraba sobre su día.

Se podía + oír + un murmullo.

Se podía oír un murmullo de voces.

Subject + murmurar + 'que' + clause.

Murmuró que estaba cansado.

El murmullo + de + noun.

El murmullo de descontento creció.

Subject + murmurar + adverbial phrase.

Intentó disimular, murmurando entre dientes.

Word Family

Nouns

murmullo

Verbs

murmurar

susurrar

hablar

decir

hablar bajo

refunfuñar

How to Use It

frequency

Common

Common Mistakes

Using 'murmurar' for clear, loud speech. → Using 'gritar' or 'hablar alto'.
'Murmurar' specifically means to speak in a low, indistinct voice. It is the opposite of shouting or speaking loudly and clearly.
Confusing 'murmurar' with 'susurrar'. → Use 'susurrar' for clear, quiet speech directly to someone, and 'murmurar' for indistinct, soft speech, often general.
'Susurrar' implies clarity and directness, like whispering a secret. 'Murmurar' suggests a lack of clarity and can describe a general low sound or indistinct speech.
Incorrect conjugation of the verb. → Conjugate 'murmurar' as a regular -ar verb (e.g., 'él murmura', 'ellos murmuraron').
As a regular -ar verb, 'murmurar' follows standard conjugation patterns. Errors often occur with irregular verbs or incorrect endings.
Using 'murmurar' when 'refunfuñar' is more appropriate. → Use 'refunfuñar' for grumbling or muttering specifically out of annoyance or discontent.
'Refunfuñar' is more specific to expressing negative emotions through a low, guttural sound. 'Murmurar' is broader and can be used for secrets, illness, or general indistinct speech.
Using 'murmurar' to describe stammering or babbling. → Use 'balbucear' for speech that is difficult to articulate due to nervousness or impediment.
'Balbucear' refers to the inability to form words clearly, often due to emotional distress or a speech issue. 'Murmurar' is about low volume and lack of clarity, not necessarily articulation difficulty.

Tips

Focus on Indistinctness

Remember that the key characteristic of 'murmurar' is the indistinctness of the voice. It's not just about speaking quietly, but about the words being hard to make out clearly.

Stress the Second Syllable

The stress in 'murmurar' falls on the second syllable: mur-MU-rar. Practicing this stress will make your pronunciation sound more natural.

Compare with 'Susurrar'

Actively compare 'murmurar' with 'susurrar' (to whisper). Understanding their distinct meanings and usage will help you choose the right word.

Observe Real-Life Usage

Pay attention to how native speakers use 'murmurar' in movies, songs, or conversations. Notice the situations and emotions associated with it.

Regular Verb Conjugation

As a regular -ar verb, 'murmurar' is predictable. Master its conjugation in common tenses (present, preterite, imperfect) to use it confidently.

Sound Association

Associate the sound of the word 'murmurar' with the soft, continuous sound it describes, like a gentle flow or a quiet hum. This can help you remember its meaning.

Create Your Own Sentences

Write your own sentences using 'murmurar' in different contexts: sharing a secret, complaining softly, or describing a quiet sound. This active recall solidifies learning.

Explore Similar Verbs

Learn related verbs like 'refunfuñar' (to grumble) and 'balbucear' (to stammer) to understand the spectrum of unclear speech and choose the most precise term.

Read Descriptions

Look for descriptions in Spanish texts that use 'murmurar' to evoke atmosphere, secrecy, or subtle emotions. This will expose you to its literary uses.

Role-Play Scenarios

Practice using 'murmurar' in role-playing. Imagine situations where you need to share a secret or express quiet discontent, and use the verb in your dialogue.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Imagine a 'mure' (wall) where secrets are whispered, so you 'murmur' them. Or think of a 'murmur' sound like a gentle stream – you 'murmur' softly like a stream flows.

Visual Association

Picture a person cupping their hand to their mouth, speaking very softly, with wisps of sound barely escaping. Or imagine a crowd of people with their heads close together, sharing secrets in low tones.

Word Web

Low voice Indistinct sound Whisper Secret Complaint Illness Quiet Soft Mutter

Challenge

Try to describe a situation where someone is speaking softly and indistinctly using 'murmurar'. For example, describe someone sharing a secret, complaining about the weather, or speaking with a cold.

Word Origin

The Spanish verb 'murmurar' comes from the Latin verb 'murmurare', which means 'to murmur, to mutter, to growl'. This Latin verb itself is onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of murmuring.

Original meaning: To make a low, continuous, indistinct sound.

Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > Spanish

Cultural Context

The act of murmuring can sometimes be associated with gossip or passive aggression. It's important to consider the context and the speaker's intention when interpreting a murmur.

In English, 'murmur' is also used for low, indistinct speech, often implying discontent or a general hum of voices. The connotations are quite similar.

In Gabriel García Márquez's 'One Hundred Years of Solitude', the pervasive sense of mystery and the weight of history are often conveyed through hushed tones and implied secrets, where 'murmurar' would be a fitting verb. The concept of 'murmurs of the crowd' is a common trope in literature and media to signify public opinion or unrest. In religious practices across many cultures, prayers are often uttered as murmurs, signifying personal communion and reverence.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Sharing secrets among friends or family.

Te voy a murmurar algo.
No se lo digas a nadie, solo murmúralo.
Estaban murmurando sobre el regalo sorpresa.
¿Qué te murmuró al oído?

Expressing quiet dissatisfaction or complaint.

Empezaron a murmurar de descontento.
Solo se oía un murmullo de quejas.
Murmuró que el servicio era lento.
No quería quejarse alto, así que murmuró.

Describing someone who is ill or tired and speaking softly.

Con la gripe, solo podía murmurar.
Estaba tan cansado que murmuraba incoherencias.
Su voz era un murmullo débil.
Se le oía murmurar de dolor.

Places requiring quiet (libraries, cinemas, religious services).

En la biblioteca, todos murmuramos.
Se oía un murmullo de conversaciones.
Murmuró una oración.
La gente murmuraba antes de la película.

Literary or descriptive contexts.

El viento murmuraba entre los árboles.
Un murmullo de anticipación llenaba la sala.
Las olas murmuraban en la orilla.
Se oía el murmullo de la ciudad.

Conversation Starters

"¿Alguna vez has tenido que murmurar un secreto importante a alguien?"

"¿Qué tipo de cosas crees que la gente murmura cuando está descontenta?"

"¿Cuándo fue la última vez que oíste a alguien murmurar por enfermedad o cansancio?"

"¿Cómo describirías el sonido de un murmullo en una multitud?"

"¿Crees que es mejor susurrar o murmurar para compartir un secreto?"

Journal Prompts

Describe una situación en la que tuviste que murmurar algo importante. ¿Por qué elegiste murmurar en lugar de hablar normalmente?

Escribe sobre un momento en que escuchaste a alguien murmurar quejas. ¿Qué crees que los motivó a hacerlo en voz baja?

Imagina que tienes un secreto que debes compartir. Escribe un diálogo corto donde los personajes murmuran la información.

Describe un lugar donde el sonido predominante es un murmullo. ¿Cómo te hace sentir ese sonido?

Piensa en una persona que conozcas que a menudo murmure. ¿Qué características de su personalidad podrían explicar este hábito?

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

'Murmurar' means to speak in a low, indistinct voice, often implying a general hum of voices, secrecy, or discontent. 'Susurrar' means to whisper, which is a clearer, though quiet, utterance, usually directed to one person. Think of 'murmurar' as a soft, unclear sound, and 'susurrar' as a clear, quiet word.

Yes, although often associated with secrets or complaints, 'murmurar' can be used poetically for gentle sounds of nature (like a stream or wind) or even for soft expressions of affection, though 'susurrar' might be more common for direct loving words.

Not necessarily. While it can be used for complaints or discontent, it's also used for sharing secrets, speaking softly due to illness or fatigue, or describing the ambient sound of a crowd. The context determines the connotation.

The noun form is 'murmullo', which refers to the sound of murmuring. For example, 'Se oía un murmullo de voces' (A murmur of voices could be heard).

'Murmurar' is a regular -ar verb. Its conjugation follows the standard pattern. For example, in the present tense: yo murmuro, tú murmuras, él/ella murmura, nosotros murmuramos, vosotros murmuráis, ellos murmuran. In the preterite: yo murmuré, tú murmuraste, él/ella murmuró, etc.

You would use 'murmurar' when the speech is not only quiet but also indistinct or unclear, often carrying a specific implication like secrecy or dissatisfaction. 'Hablar bajo' simply means to speak softly, and the speech can still be perfectly clear.

Yes, it can be used poetically or humorously to describe the low, indistinct sounds animals make, like a dog's growl or a cat's purr, if they are interpreted as a 'murmur'.

'Refunfuñar' specifically means to grumble or mutter in annoyance or discontent. 'Murmurar' is broader; it can express discontent but also secrets, illness, or general indistinct speech. 'Refunfuñar' is more about the negative emotion and the guttural sound.

'Murmurar' is a common verb in Spanish, frequently used in everyday conversation and literature to describe soft, indistinct speech.

Yes, phrases like 'murmurar entre dientes' (to mutter under one's breath) or 'el murmullo de la gente' (the hum of the crowd) are common idiomatic expressions that use the verb or its noun form.