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A1 noun 1 min read

veri

When you're talking about 'veri' (blood) in Estonian, you'll often hear it in common phrases. For example, 'vereringe' means circulation, literally 'blood ring' or 'blood circle'. You might also hear 'vererõhk' which is blood pressure, meaning 'blood pressure'. If someone says 'mu veri keeb', it means 'my blood boils', similar to English, and it expresses anger. Knowing these common combinations will help you understand and use 'veri' more naturally in conversations.

Practice it Examples

§ Understanding 'veri' as a Noun

The Estonian word for 'blood' is veri. It's a noun, just like in English. Knowing its basic meaning is a great start, but to use it in sentences, you need to understand how Estonian nouns change. Estonian is a highly inflected language, which means words change their endings depending on their role in a sentence.

Base Form (Nominative): When 'blood' is the subject of a sentence, you'll use veri.

Veri

Translation Hint: Blood is red.

§ Cases and Endings for 'veri'

Estonian has 14 cases, and each case changes the ending of a noun. For veri, some common cases you'll encounter are:

Genitive: vere (of blood, blood's)
Partitive: verd (some blood, blood as a part of a whole)
Illative: verre (into blood)
Inessive: veres (in blood)
Elative: verest (out of blood, from blood)

§ Using 'veri' in Genitive Case: vere

The genitive case is used to show possession or to describe something. Think of it like 'of blood' or 'blood's' in English.

See on vere

Translation Hint: This is the color of blood. / This is blood's color.

Tal on südames vere

Translation Hint: He has a blood clot in his heart.

§ Using 'veri' in Partitive Case: verd

The partitive case is one of the trickiest for English speakers. It's often used for indefinite amounts, when talking about something as a part of a whole, or after certain verbs and prepositions. For veri, you'll frequently see it when you're talking about 'some blood' or when blood is the direct object of a negative sentence.

Nägin maas verd.

Translation Hint: I saw blood on the ground. (Here, 'blood' is an indefinite amount)

Ma ei näe verd.

Translation Hint: I don't see blood.

§ Inner Locative Cases: verre, veres, verest

These cases describe movement to, location within, or movement from something. Think of them as indicating 'into blood', 'in blood', and 'from blood' respectively.

Illative: verre: Used for movement into something.

Vesi muutus verre.

Translation Hint: The water turned into blood.

Inessive: veres: Used for being in something.

Tal on suhkur veres kõrge.

Translation Hint: His blood sugar is high. (Literally: He has sugar high in blood.)

Elative: verest: Used for movement out of or from something.

Jooksis verest

Translation Hint: He bled out. (Literally: He ran empty from blood.)

§ Common Phrases with 'veri'

Here are a few common phrases and expressions that use veri:

külm veri

Translation Hint: cold blood (e.g., to do something in cold blood)

halb veri

Translation Hint: bad blood (e.g., between people)

oma vere

Translation Hint: of one's own blood (family)

By focusing on these practical examples and understanding the basic case changes, you'll be able to use veri correctly in many situations. Keep practicing, and you'll get the hang of it!

Examples by Level

Koer jooksis ja ta veri jooksis ninast.

The dog ran and its blood ran from its nose.

Arst võttis verd analüüsimiseks.

The doctor took blood for analysis.

Süda pumpab verd üle kogu keha.

The heart pumps blood throughout the body.

Ta nägi verd ja ehmatas.

He saw blood and got scared.

Veri on punane.

Blood is red.

Vampiirid joovad verd.

Vampires drink blood.

Väike haav verejooksuga.

A small wound with bleeding.

Dooneeri verd, see päästab elusid.

Donate blood, it saves lives.

Koer jooksis nii kiiresti, et nina hakkas verd jooksma.

The dog ran so fast that its nose started to bleed.

Here, 'verd jooksma' (to run blood) is an idiom meaning 'to bleed'. 'Verd' is in the partitive case.

Ta annetas verd haigla verepanka, et aidata abivajajaid.

She donated blood to the hospital's blood bank to help those in need.

'Verd' is in the partitive case, often used with verbs of giving or taking a portion.

Vereanalüüsi tulemused näitasid, et kõik oli korras.

The blood test results showed that everything was in order.

'Vereanalüüs' is a compound word: 'veri' (blood) + 'analüüs' (analysis).

Pärast õnnetust oli palju verd asfaldil.

After the accident, there was a lot of blood on the asphalt.

'Verd' is in the partitive case, used here to denote an unspecified quantity.

Arst ütles, et tal on kõrge vererõhk ja ta peab seda jälgima.

The doctor said he has high blood pressure and needs to monitor it.

'Vererõhk' is a compound word: 'veri' (blood) + 'rõhk' (pressure).

Sellel perel on sport veres, kõik on väga aktiivsed.

This family has sports in their blood; everyone is very active.

'Veres' is in the inessive case, meaning 'in the blood', used idiomatically.

Kui sa lõikad ennast, puhasta haav ja peata verejooks.

If you cut yourself, clean the wound and stop the bleeding.

'Verejooks' is a compound word: 'veri' (blood) + 'jooks' (run/flow).

Iga elusolend vajab verd, et elus püsida.

Every living creature needs blood to stay alive.

'Verd' is in the partitive case, indicating an indefinite amount of blood.

Ta annetas verd, et aidata haigeid lapsi.

He donated blood to help sick children.

Vereproov näitas, et tal oli kõrge kolesteroolitase.

The blood test showed he had high cholesterol.

Pärast õnnetust voolas verd rohkelt.

After the accident, a lot of blood flowed.

Verevedeldajad on ravimid, mis takistavad vere hüübimist.

Blood thinners are medicines that prevent blood clotting.

Südamest pumbatakse verd kogu kehasse.

Blood is pumped from the heart throughout the body.

Veri on elutähtis vedelik meie kehades.

Blood is a vital fluid in our bodies.

Arst võttis temalt vereanalüüsi.

The doctor took a blood sample from him.

See oli külmavereline mõrv.

It was a cold-blooded murder.

Ta annetas verd, et aidata päästa elusid.

He donated blood to help save lives.

Avasüli haavast voolas verd.

Blood was flowing profusely from the wound.

Vereanalüüs näitas kõrget kolesteroolitaset.

The blood test showed high cholesterol levels.

Tal oli veres liiga palju suhkrut.

She had too much sugar in her blood.

Vereülekanne oli vältimatu operatsiooni käigus.

A blood transfusion was unavoidable during the operation.

Vanadest traditsioonidest voolab meie veenides veri.

The blood of ancient traditions flows in our veins.

Verepritsmed olid kõikjal sündmuskohal.

Blood spatters were everywhere at the scene.

See lugu pani mu vere tarretuma.

That story made my blood run cold.

Common Collocations

värske veri fresh blood

soe veri warm blood

külm veri cold blood

veri voolab blood flows

veri keeb blood boils

vereanalüüs blood test

vererõhk blood pressure

vereringe blood circulation

vereülekanne blood transfusion

verihiir vampire bat

Common Phrases

Mu veri keeb!

My blood is boiling! (I am very angry)

See on mul veres.

It's in my blood. (It's innate to me)

Vesi on paksem kui veri.

Water is thicker than blood. (Family ties are stronger)

Tal on sinine veri.

He has blue blood. (He is from noble lineage)

Veri on paks ja vesi on vedel.

Blood is thick and water is thin. (Similar to 'water is thicker than blood')

Anna verd.

Donate blood.

Verd jookseb.

Blood is flowing. (It's bleeding)

Mul tuli veri ninast.

I had a nosebleed.

Verega kirjutatud.

Written in blood. (Something very important or binding)

Külma verega.

Cold-blooded. (Without emotion, calmly)