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B1 adverb 9 min read

مسلماً

mosallaman
Examples مسلماً in 30 Seconds
Explanation مسلماً in your Level:
At the A1 beginner level, you are just starting to learn how to express basic ideas in Persian. The word مسلماً (mosallaman) is a bit advanced for absolute beginners, but it is very useful to recognize. It means 'certainly' or 'of course'. When someone asks you a simple question, like 'Are you coming?' or 'Is this good?', and you want to say a very strong 'Yes!', you can use this word. It is like saying 'Yes, 100%'. In your early studies, you might mostly use 'bale' (yes) or 'kheyli' (very), but adding this word to your vocabulary makes you sound much more confident. You don't need to worry about complex grammar right now. Just know that if you hear a native speaker say 'mosallaman', they are agreeing with something very strongly or stating a fact they believe is completely true. You can practice by using it as a one-word answer. For example, if your teacher asks, 'Did you do your homework?', you can smile and say 'Mosallaman!' to show you definitely did it. It is a great word to build your confidence as you start speaking Persian with others.
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At the A2 elementary level, you are beginning to form longer sentences and express your opinions. The word مسلماً (mosallaman) becomes a fantastic tool for you here. It means 'certainly' or 'surely'. You can start putting it inside your sentences to make them stronger. Instead of just saying 'I will go to the park', you can say 'I will certainly go to the park' (Man mosallaman be park miravam). It usually goes right after the subject (like 'I' or 'He') and before the rest of the sentence. This word helps you show that you are sure about your plans or your thoughts. It is much stronger than saying 'maybe' (shayad). You will start noticing this word in simple dialogues, reading passages, and when Iranians talk about things they are sure about, like the weather or their daily routines. It is also important to pay attention to the pronunciation. Make sure you pronounce the final 'an' sound clearly. This word comes from Arabic, and that 'an' ending is a special marker for adverbs in Persian. Using it correctly will make your Persian sound much more natural and expressive to native speakers.
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At the B1 intermediate level, مسلماً (mosallaman) is a core vocabulary word that you should actively use in your daily communication. At this stage, you are expected to express beliefs, certainty, and predictions about the future. This adverb is perfect for these functions. It translates to 'undoubtedly', 'certainly', or 'surely'. You can use it to emphasize a logical conclusion. For instance, if you see dark clouds, you can say, 'Mosallaman baran mibarad' (It will certainly rain). It is a key discourse marker that helps you structure your arguments and state your opinions with authority. You should also be aware of its synonyms, such as حتماً (hatman) and قطعاً (ghat'an). While 'hatman' is often used for strong suggestions or obligations (e.g., 'You must definitely come'), 'mosallaman' is better suited for objective facts or logical certainties. In writing, such as informal emails or short essays, using this word correctly demonstrates your grasp of Persian adverbial placement and your ability to modulate the tone of your sentences. It shows you are moving beyond simple factual statements and are starting to add nuance and conviction to your language.
At the B2 upper-intermediate level, your use of مسلماً (mosallaman) should be refined and precise. You are now engaging in more complex discussions, debates, and reading authentic Persian texts like news articles or opinion pieces. In these contexts, this word acts as a powerful rhetorical device. It is used to present a premise as an undeniable fact before building an argument upon it. For example, 'Mosallaman, the economy needs reform, but the question is how.' It signals to the listener or reader that the statement is not up for debate. You should also be comfortable with its syntactic flexibility. While usually placed after the subject, placing it at the very beginning of a sentence ('Mosallaman, u nakhahad amad') gives it maximum emphatic weight. Furthermore, you need to recognize its register. It is highly appropriate for professional settings, academic discussions, and serious journalism, yet still common enough for emphatic everyday speech. Understanding the subtle differences between مسلماً (logical certainty), قطعاً (categorical, absolute certainty), and بی‌شک (literary, elegant certainty) will greatly enhance your stylistic range and allow you to tailor your speech to the specific social context.
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At the C1 advanced level, your command of مسلماً (mosallaman) involves a deep understanding of its pragmatic and sociolinguistic functions in Persian discourse. You are not just using it to express certainty; you are using it to manage conversations, concede points in a debate (e.g., 'Mosallaman shoma dorost migouyid, ama...' - Certainly you are right, but...), and establish common ground with your interlocutor. In high-level academic writing, political analysis, and formal literature, this word is a staple for asserting authoritative claims. You should be acutely aware of the Arabic morphological roots (the tanvin suffix) and how this integrates into the broader system of Persian adverbs. At this level, you should never make orthographic errors like writing it as مسلمن. You also understand the cultural weight of the word. In a culture that frequently employs ta'arof (politeness and indirectness), using a word of absolute certainty like مسلماً is a deliberate choice to cut through ambiguity and establish a hard fact or a firm boundary. Your usage should perfectly mimic native-like intuition regarding when to be direct and when to soften your statements.
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At the C2 mastery level, مسلماً (mosallaman) is deployed with native-like precision, intuition, and stylistic flair. You understand its historical etymology, its root in Islamic and Arabic jurisprudence (where 'mosallam' means undisputed), and how it has evolved in contemporary Persian. You manipulate its placement within complex, multi-clause sentences to shift subtle nuances of emphasis, rhythm, and rhetorical impact. In literary criticism, legal drafting, or high-stakes diplomatic negotiations, you know exactly when to use مسلماً versus its precise synonyms like بلاشک (bela-shak) or یقیناً (yaghinan). You recognize its role in classic Persian literature and modern poetry, where it might be used to juxtapose human doubt with divine or absolute certainty. Furthermore, you can play with its tone—using it ironically or sarcastically in spoken Persian to denote the exact opposite of certainty, a highly advanced pragmatic skill. Your mastery means you not only use the word flawlessly but can also critically analyze its usage by native speakers to infer their underlying assumptions, biases, and confidence levels in any given text or speech.
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Examples

مسلماً in 30 Seconds

  • Means 'certainly', 'surely', or 'undoubtedly' in Persian.
  • Used to express absolute confidence and zero doubt.
  • Spelled with the Arabic tanvin suffix (اً), not with a 'ن'.
  • Common in both formal writing and everyday conversation.
The Persian word مسلماً (mosallaman) is a highly frequent and indispensable adverb used to express absolute certainty, conviction, and lack of doubt. When you want to convey that something is undeniably true, guaranteed to happen, or logically inevitable, this is the word you reach for. It translates most directly to English words such as 'certainly,' 'surely,' 'undoubtedly,' 'definitely,' and 'of course.' Understanding how and when to use this word will significantly elevate your conversational Persian, moving you from sounding like a hesitant beginner to a confident speaker who can express strong opinions and facts. In daily conversations, Iranians use this word to validate someone else's point, to emphasize their own promises, or to draw logical conclusions.
Pragmatic Function
It serves as a conversational anchor that reassures the listener of the speaker's absolute confidence in the statement being made.

او مسلماً در امتحان موفق می‌شود.

The root of the word comes from Arabic, specifically the word 'mosallam,' which means accepted, undeniable, or undisputed. By adding the Arabic adverbial suffix 'an' (written as a double line above the alef, known as tanvin), it transforms into an adverb. This is a very common pattern in Persian for words borrowed from Arabic.
Morphological Structure
Root adjective 'mosallam' plus the adverbial suffix 'an' creates the adverbial form.

این تصمیم مسلماً بهترین انتخاب بود.

When people use this word, they are often closing a debate or confirming a shared belief. For example, if someone asks if it will rain given the dark clouds, responding with this word means there is zero doubt in your mind.
Social Context
Often used in professional and formal settings, but perfectly acceptable in casual conversations among friends and family.

ما مسلماً به کمک شما نیاز خواهیم داشت.

The psychological impact of using such a strong word is significant. It builds trust. When a doctor says a treatment will certainly work, or a mechanic says the car is certainly fixed, this word is the vehicle for that reassurance.

هوا فردا مسلماً سردتر خواهد شد.

شما مسلماً از این فیلم لذت خواهید برد.

To master Persian, you must internalize not just the meaning, but the feeling of the word. It carries weight, authority, and finality. It is not used for guesses or hypotheses. It is reserved for facts, strong convictions, and unwavering promises. When you use it, you are putting your credibility on the line, which is why it is such a powerful tool in any speaker's vocabulary arsenal.
The syntactic placement of مسلماً (mosallaman) in a Persian sentence is quite flexible, which is a characteristic of many Persian adverbs. However, its position can subtly shift the emphasis of the sentence. The most common and neutral position is immediately after the subject and before the object or the verb. This placement modifies the entire clause, indicating that the whole situation is certain.
Standard Placement
Subject + Adverb + Object + Verb. This is the most natural sounding structure for everyday speech.

من مسلماً فردا به دانشگاه می‌روم.

When placed at the absolute beginning of a sentence, it acts as a sentence adverb, framing everything that follows with a strong sense of inevitability. This is often used in debates or when countering someone else's argument.
Emphatic Placement
Adverb + Subject + Object + Verb. Used for dramatic effect or strong contradiction.

مسلماً او مقصر این حادثه نیست.

It can also be used as a standalone one-word answer to a question. If someone asks you a yes/no question and you want to say an emphatic 'Yes, absolutely!', you can simply reply with this word. This is extremely common in both formal and informal dialogues.
Standalone Usage
Functioning as an affirmative interjection, similar to 'Absolutely' or 'Certainly' in English.

آیا می‌آیی؟ - مسلماً!

In written Persian, especially in academic or journalistic contexts, it is often set off by commas if it interrupts the flow of the sentence, though Persian punctuation is generally less rigid than English. It pairs very well with future tense verbs to express guarantees, and with past tense verbs to express logical deductions about what must have happened.

آنها مسلماً تا الان رسیده‌اند.

این پروژه مسلماً سودآور خواهد بود.

Understanding these placement rules allows you to not just convey meaning, but to control the rhythm and emphasis of your spoken and written Persian, making your communication much more dynamic and native-like.
You will encounter مسلماً (mosallaman) in a wide variety of contexts across the Persian-speaking world, as it bridges the gap between formal vocabulary and everyday conversational speech. It is a staple in news broadcasts, political speeches, academic lectures, and business negotiations. In a news report, an anchor might use it to describe the inevitable consequences of an economic policy. In a university, a professor will use it to state an undeniable scientific fact or historical consensus.
Media and Journalism
Used to present facts with authority and to project confidence in analysis and reporting.

این تصمیم مسلماً تاثیرات عمیقی خواهد داشت.

However, its usage is not restricted to formal domains. You will hear it just as frequently in a Tehran café, a family gathering, or a bustling bazaar. When friends are making plans, one might say they will certainly be there. When discussing a popular football match, a fan might argue that their team will undoubtedly win.
Everyday Conversations
Employed to reassure friends, confirm plans, or express strong personal opinions without sounding overly academic.

من مسلماً به مهمانی تو می‌آیم.

In literature, especially modern Persian prose and poetry, it is used to denote a character's internal certainty or the narrator's objective truth. It adds a layer of definitive reality to the narrative. Furthermore, in the realm of customer service and business in Iran, this word is crucial. A shopkeeper assuring a customer of the quality of a Persian carpet will use it to build trust.
Business and Commerce
A key term for building consumer trust, making guarantees, and closing deals with confidence.

کیفیت این فرش مسلماً بی‌نظیر است.

قیمت‌ها مسلماً تغییر خواهند کرد.

او مسلماً بهترین بازیکن زمین بود.

Because it is so versatile, you will find it in almost every domain of Iranian life. Recognizing its tone and the context in which it is used will help you understand the speaker's level of commitment to their statement, an essential nuance in a culture where indirect communication is also common. When someone uses this word, they are choosing to be direct and unambiguous.
While مسلماً (mosallaman) is straightforward in meaning, learners of Persian often make a few specific errors regarding its spelling, pronunciation, and stylistic usage. The most prominent mistake involves the Arabic tanvin suffix (اً). Because the sound is an 'an', many beginners, and even some native speakers in casual digital communication, mistakenly write it with the Persian letter noon (ن), spelling it as مسلمن. This is grammatically incorrect in standard Persian writing.
Spelling Error
Writing مسلمن instead of the correct orthography مسلماً. Always use the alef with the double dash (tanvin).

Correct: من مسلماً می‌آیم. Incorrect: من مسلمن می‌آیم.

Another common mistake is overusing the word. Because learners want to sound confident, they might insert it into sentences where a softer word like شاید (perhaps) or احتمالاً (probably) would be more contextually appropriate. Using absolute certainty in every sentence can make a speaker sound arrogant or overly aggressive in Persian culture, which values politeness and sometimes a degree of humility or hesitation (ta'arof).
Stylistic Overuse
Using it for opinions that are subjective rather than objective facts or strong personal guarantees.

این غذا مسلماً خوشمزه است. (Better to say: به نظر من خیلی خوشمزه است)

Pronunciation can also be a slight hurdle. The stress falls on the final syllable 'man' (mo-sal-la-MAN). Some learners place the stress on the second syllable, which sounds foreign to native ears. Additionally, the double 'l' (tashdid on the lam) must be pronounced clearly; it is a geminated consonant, meaning you hold the 'l' sound slightly longer than a single 'l'.
Pronunciation Focus
Ensure the double 'l' is held and the stress hits the final 'an' sound sharply.

Listen carefully to native speakers saying مسلماً to catch the rhythm.

او مسلماً اشتباه می‌کند. (Ensure proper stress)

ما مسلماً پیروز می‌شویم. (Watch the double L)

By avoiding these spelling and pronunciation pitfalls, and by using the word judiciously to express true certainty rather than mere opinion, learners can integrate this powerful adverb into their Persian vocabulary seamlessly and effectively.
Persian is incredibly rich in vocabulary for expressing degrees of certainty, offering many synonyms and alternatives to مسلماً (mosallaman). Choosing the right word depends on the exact nuance, register, and context of the conversation. One of the most common alternatives is حتماً (hatman). While very similar and often interchangeable, حتماً is slightly more common in everyday, colloquial speech, especially when giving commands or making strong requests (e.g., 'You must definitely come').
حتماً (Hatman)
More colloquial, often used for imperatives or strong future intentions. Translates to 'definitely' or 'must'.

فردا حتماً به من زنگ بزن.

Another excellent synonym is قطعاً (ghat'an). This word shares the Arabic tanvin structure and means 'absolutely' or 'categorically.' It is very formal and is often used in legal, scientific, or highly definitive contexts. When you say something is قطعاً true, you mean it is cut-and-dry, with zero room for debate.
قطعاً (Ghat'an)
Highly formal, categorical certainty. Often used to shut down arguments or state absolute facts.

این ادعا قطعاً دروغ است.

For a more poetic or literary flavor, you might encounter بی‌شک (bi-shak) or بدون شک (bedoun-e shak), which literally translate to 'without doubt.' These are beautiful, native Persian constructions (not relying on Arabic suffixes) and are widely used in both writing and elevated speech. They function almost identically to مسلماً but carry a slightly softer, more elegant tone.
بی‌شک (Bi-shak)
Native Persian origin, meaning 'without doubt'. Elegant and suitable for writing and formal speaking.

او بی‌شک یکی از بهترین نویسندگان است.

ما یقیناً به هدفمان می‌رسیم.

این راه حل بدون شک کار می‌کند.

Lastly, یقیناً (yaghinan) is another Arabic-derived adverb meaning 'with certainty.' It is less common than the others but is highly effective in religious, philosophical, or deeply serious contexts. By understanding this spectrum of certainty—from the everyday حتماً to the formal قطعاً and the elegant بی‌شک—you can select the exact word that fits your intended mood and audience, making your Persian not just correct, but truly expressive.
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Examples by Level

1

مسلماً بله!

Certainly yes!

Used as a one-word emphatic answer.

2

او مسلماً می‌آید.

He certainly comes.

Basic subject + adverb + verb structure.

3

این مسلماً خوب است.

This is certainly good.

Modifying a simple adjective.

4

مسلماً من می‌روم.

Certainly I go.

Adverb at the beginning of a simple sentence.

5

آنها مسلماً اینجا هستند.

They are certainly here.

Used with the verb 'to be'.

6

مسلماً نه!

Certainly not!

Used with a negative particle.

7

ما مسلماً می‌دانیم.

We certainly know.

Emphasizing a state of knowledge.

8

این کتاب مسلماً مال من است.

This book is certainly mine.

Expressing certainty of possession.

1

من مسلماً فردا به مدرسه می‌روم.

I will certainly go to school tomorrow.

Used with future time markers.

2

هوا فردا مسلماً سرد می‌شود.

The weather will certainly get cold tomorrow.

Expressing certainty about the weather.

3

او مسلماً زبان فارسی را دوست دارد.

He certainly likes the Persian language.

Emphasizing a preference or feeling.

4

ما مسلماً به کمک شما نیاز داریم.

We certainly need your help.

Stating a clear need.

5

این غذا مسلماً خیلی خوشمزه است.

This food is certainly very delicious.

Emphasizing a strong opinion about quality.

6

شما مسلماً خسته هستید.

You are certainly tired.

Making a logical deduction about someone's state.

7

پدرم مسلماً الان در خانه است.

My father is certainly at home now.

Expressing certainty about location.

8

آن فیلم مسلماً جالب بود.

That movie was certainly interesting.

Used with past tense to confirm a shared experience.

1

مسلماً، این بهترین راه حل برای مشکل ماست.

Certainly, this is the best solution for our problem.

Used as a sentence adverb to frame a strong opinion.

2

اگر باران ببارد، ما مسلماً در خانه می‌مانیم.

If it rains, we will certainly stay at home.

Used in the main clause of a conditional sentence.

3

او مسلماً تا حالا به تهران رسیده است.

He has certainly arrived in Tehran by now.

Used with the present perfect tense for logical deduction.

4

تیم ما مسلماً در مسابقه فردا پیروز خواهد شد.

Our team will certainly win in tomorrow's match.

Used with the formal future tense (khahad + verb).

5

مسلماً شما حق دارید که عصبانی باشید.

Certainly you have the right to be angry.

Used to validate someone's feelings or rights.

6

این پروژه مسلماً به زمان بیشتری نیاز دارد.

This project certainly needs more time.

Expressing a professional assessment.

7

من مسلماً با پیشنهاد شما موافقت می‌کنم.

I certainly agree with your proposal.

Formal agreement in a business or formal context.

8

آنها مسلماً دلیل خوبی برای این کار داشتند.

They certainly had a good reason for this action.

Assuming a logical motive in the past.

1

با توجه به شواهد، او مسلماً مقصر اصلی این حادثه است.

Given the evidence, he is certainly the main culprit of this incident.

Used to draw a definitive conclusion from evidence.

2

مسلماً توسعه اقتصادی بدون سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی غیرممکن است.

Certainly, economic development is impossible without foreign investment.

Framing a complex macroeconomic argument.

3

اگرچه او جوان است، اما مسلماً تجربه کافی برای این شغل را دارد.

Although he is young, he certainly has enough experience for this job.

Used in a concessive structure (although... certainly...).

4

این تصمیم مسلماً پیامدهای بلندمدتی برای شرکت خواهد داشت.

This decision will certainly have long-term consequences for the company.

Predicting complex future outcomes.

5

مسلماً نمی‌توان نقش آموزش را در پیشرفت جامعه نادیده گرفت.

Certainly, one cannot ignore the role of education in the progress of society.

Used with impersonal constructions (nemitavan + verb).

6

او مسلماً انتظار چنین واکنش تندی را از سوی مخاطبان نداشت.

He certainly did not expect such a harsh reaction from the audience.

Expressing certainty about someone else's internal state in the past.

7

افزایش قیمت‌ها مسلماً بر قدرت خرید مردم تاثیر منفی می‌گذارد.

The increase in prices certainly has a negative impact on people's purchasing power.

Stating a direct cause-and-effect relationship.

8

ما مسلماً باید استراتژی خود را در مواجهه با این بحران تغییر دهیم.

We certainly must change our strategy in facing this crisis.

Combining certainty with a strong modal verb of obligation (bayad).

1

مسلماً، تقلیل این بحران پیچیده به یک عامل واحد، خطای شناختی بزرگی است.

Certainly, reducing this complex crisis to a single factor is a major cognitive error.

Used to assert a strong academic or analytical critique.

2

در غیاب اسناد تاریخی معتبر، این ادعا مسلماً فاقد وجاهت علمی است.

In the absence of reliable historical documents, this claim certainly lacks scientific validity.

Formal academic phrasing to dismiss a claim.

3

مسلماً، گذار به دموکراسی فرآیندی خطی و بدون چالش نخواهد بود.

Certainly, the transition to democracy will not be a linear and unchallenged process.

Nuanced political analysis setting realistic expectations.

4

منتقدان مسلماً بر این نکته انگشت خواهند گذاشت که بودجه تخصیص‌یافته ناکافی است.

Critics will certainly point out that the allocated budget is insufficient.

Anticipating counter-arguments in a formal debate.

5

این اثر هنری مسلماً بازتابی از تلاطمات روحی هنرمند در آن برهه زمانی است.

This artwork is certainly a reflection of the artist's psychological turmoil during that period.

Expressing definitive interpretation in art or literature critique.

6

مسلماً نمی‌توان انکار کرد که تکنولوژی مرزهای حریم خصوصی را بازتعریف کرده است.

Certainly, it cannot be denied that technology has redefined the boundaries of privacy.

Using a double negative concept (cannot be denied) reinforced by certainty.

7

سیاست‌های ریاضتی مسلماً به نارضایتی‌های عمومی دامن خواهد زد، مگر آنکه با تدابیر حمایتی همراه شود.

Austerity policies will certainly fuel public dissatisfaction unless accompanied by supportive measures.

Complex conditional structure predicting socio-political outcomes.

8

او مسلماً با علم به تمام عواقب حقوقی، این قرارداد را امضا کرده است.

He certainly signed this contract with knowledge of all the legal consequences.

Asserting definitive intent in a legal or formal context.

1

مسلماً، پارادایم غالب در این گفتمان، مبتنی بر تقلیل‌گرایی معرفت‌شناختی است.

Certainly, the dominant paradigm in this discourse is based on epistemological reductionism.

Highly specialized academic terminology framing a theoretical absolute.

2

اگرچه وی در ظاهر ابراز ندامت می‌کرد، اما مسلماً در باطن بر مواضع پیشین خود استوار بود.

Although he outwardly expressed remorse, he was certainly internally steadfast in his previous positions.

Juxtaposing outward appearance with absolute inner reality.

3

مسلماً، استنتاج چنین حکم کلی از چند گزاره‌ی جزئی، مصداق بارز مغلطه‌ی تعمیم شتاب‌زده است.

Certainly, deducing such a universal ruling from a few particular propositions is a clear instance of the fallacy of hasty generalization.

Used to definitively identify a logical fallacy in philosophical debate.

4

در منظومه‌ی فکری او، این دو مفهوم مسلماً مانعة‌الجمع نیستند، بلکه دیالکتیکی پویا دارند.

In his intellectual framework, these two concepts are certainly not mutually exclusive, but rather possess a dynamic dialectic.

Deploying advanced philosophical and logical terminology with absolute certainty.

5

مسلماً، هرگونه خوانش تقلیل‌گرایانه از این متن کلاسیک، به مثابه‌ی مثله کردن روح اثر خواهد بود.

Certainly, any reductionist reading of this classical text would be akin to mutilating the spirit of the work.

Literary criticism expressing a definitive, uncompromising stance.

6

تصویب این لایحه مسلماً توازن قوای ژئوپلیتیک در منطقه را دستخوش دگرگونی‌های بنیادین خواهد کرد.

The passing of this bill will certainly subject the geopolitical balance of power in the region to fundamental transformations.

High-level geopolitical forecasting.

7

مسلماً، فقدان یک سازوکار نظارتی کارآمد، پاشنه‌ی آشیل این طرح کلان ملی است.

Certainly, the lack of an efficient regulatory mechanism is the Achilles' heel of this grand national project.

Using idiomatic expressions (Achilles' heel) anchored by absolute certainty.

8

او مسلماً می‌دانست که با عبور از این خط قرمز، راه بازگشتی نخواهد داشت، با این حال درنگ نکرد.

He certainly knew that by crossing this red line, there would be no way back, yet he did not hesitate.

Narrative assertion of character psychology and fatalistic certainty.

Synonyms

حتماً قطعاً بی‌شک
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