Saying 'Maybe': Using 'il est possible que' + Subjunctive
il est possible que + Subjunctive to express uncertainty in modern, everyday French conversations and messages.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
When you say 'it is possible that' in French, the verb that follows must always be in the subjunctive mood.
- Use 'Il est possible que' to express uncertainty about an action.
- The verb following 'que' must be conjugated in the subjunctive mood (e.g., 'qu'il vienne').
- If the subject changes, you must use the subjunctive; if it's the same, use an infinitive.
Overview
French grammar utilizes various moods to convey the speaker's perspective on an action or state. While the Indicative mood presents information as factual, certain, or real, the Subjunctive mood (le subjonctif) is reserved for expressing subjectivity, doubt, desire, emotion, judgment, and possibility. As an intermediate B1 French learner, you are developing the capacity to articulate more complex thoughts and nuanced perspectives.
The impersonal expression il est possible que is fundamental for articulating possibility or uncertainty, squarely positioning it within the Subjunctive's domain.
This construction signifies that the event or action described is not a confirmed reality but rather a potential occurrence. It inherently introduces a degree of hypothesis or lack of certainty. Mastering il est possible que allows for more precise communication in French, enabling you to articulate scenarios that are conceivable but not guaranteed—a frequent requirement in daily conversations, academic discussions, and professional contexts.
Neglecting the Subjunctive here would result in less nuanced French, failing to differentiate between established facts and mere conjectures, a distinction native speakers make naturally.
Consider the subtle yet crucial difference between stating Les magasins sont ouverts le dimanche. (The stores are open on Sunday – a fact) and Il est possible que les magasins soient ouverts le dimanche. (It is possible that the stores are open on Sunday – a possibility). The grammatical choice directly impacts the meaning conveyed. This rule serves as a cornerstone for expressing conditional or uncertain realities, reflecting a speaker's careful assessment rather than a definitive assertion.
How This Grammar Works
il est possible que stems from the inherent subjectivity and non-assertion of fact within the main clause: il est possible. In French, any expression that fundamentally questions the reality, certainty, or factuality of a subordinate clause's content typically triggers the Subjunctive in that dependent clause. The adjective possible itself signals that the subsequent event is merely an option, not a definite occurrence or an established truth.que (that) is the crucial link, connecting the impersonal expression il est possible to the subordinate clause containing the uncertain action. This que is not optional; it explicitly introduces the dependent verb, signaling the mood shift.Il vient. (He is coming – a fact), you use the Indicative. However, when you introduce il est possible que, as in Il est possible qu'il vienne. (It is possible that he is coming.), the verb venir transforms into its Subjunctive form, vienne. This grammatical transformation consistently applies to all verbs following il est possible que.il est possible que with the adverbial phrase peut-être (perhaps, maybe). While both convey possibility, their grammatical structures differ profoundly, leading to distinct mood requirements. Peut-être qu'il viendra demain. (Perhaps he will come tomorrow.) uses the Indicative (here, the future simple).peut-être acts as a simple adverb, modifying the entire independent statement, or preceding a clause without creating a subordinate structure that demands the Subjunctive. The clause qu'il viendra demain remains an independent assertion, merely prefaced by an adverb of doubt. With il est possible que, however, the que-clause is grammatically dependent on il est possible, which explicitly casts doubt on its reality.il est possible que functions as an impersonal expression that governs the mood of the dependent clause, forcing the Subjunctive, whereas peut-être does not.Il est possible que + subject + verb in the Subjunctive.Il est possible que le train soit en retard.(It is possible that the train is late.) – Here,soitis the Subjunctive ofêtre.Il est possible que tu puisses m'aider.(It is possible that you can help me.) –puissesis the Subjunctive ofpouvoir.Il est possible qu'elle comprenne la situation.(It is possible that she understands the situation.) –comprenneis the Subjunctive ofcomprendre.
Formation Pattern
ils/elles form of the verb in the Present Indicative tense. This form often provides the base stem. For example, the ils/elles form for parler is ils parlent, for finir it is ils finissent, and for vendre it is ils vendent.
-ent ending from this ils/elles form. The remainder is typically your Subjunctive stem.
parl- from ils parlent
finiss- from ils finissent
vend- from ils vendent
parler -> parl-) | Example (finir -> finiss-) | Example (vendre -> vend-) |
que je parle | que je finisse | que je vende |
que tu parles | que tu finisses | que tu vendes |
qu'il parle | qu'il finisse | qu'il vende |
que nous parlions | que nous finissions | que nous vendions |
que vous parliez | que vous finissiez | que vous vendiez |
qu'ils parlent | qu'ils finissent | qu'ils vendent |
-er verbs, the je, tu, il/elle/on, and ils/elles forms of the Present Subjunctive are often pronounced identically to their Present Indicative counterparts, and for many verbs, their written forms are also identical. However, the nous and vous forms are distinct both visually and audibly, typically using the stem from the Imparfait Indicatif (imperfect indicative), giving them characteristic -ions and -iez endings. This distinction is crucial and a common point of error for learners. For instance, nous parlons (Indicative) vs. que nous parlions (Subjunctive).
nous and vous forms. These forms deviate from the standard ils/elles stem rule for all persons and require memorization.
que je | que tu | qu'il/elle/on | que nous | que vous | qu'ils/elles |
sois | sois | soit | soyons | soyez | soient |
aie | aies | ait | ayons | ayez | aient |
aille | ailles | aille | allions | alliez | aillent |
fasse | fasses | fasse | fassions | fassiez | fassent |
sache | saches | sache | sachions | sachiez | sachent |
puisse | puisses | puisse | puissions | puissiez | puissent |
veuille | veuilles | veuille | voulions | vouliez | veuillent |
vienne | viennes | vienne | venions | veniez | viennent |
prenne | prennes | prenne | prenions | preniez | prennent |
voie | voies | voie | voyions | voyiez | voient |
boive | boives | boive | buvions | buviez | boivent |
croie | croies | croie | croyions | croyiez | croient |
doive | doives | doive | devions | deviez | doivent |
reçoive | reçoives | reçoive | recevions | receviez | reçoivent |
tienne | tiennes | tienne | tenions | teniez | tiennent |
dise | dises | dise | disions | disiez | disent |
écrive | écrives | écrive | écrivions | écriviez | écrivent |
lise | lises | lise | lisions | lisiez | lisent |
mette | mettes | mette | mettions | mettiez | mettent |
falloir (to be necessary): only qu'il faille
pleuvoir (to rain): only qu'il pleuve
nous and vous forms, to preserve pronunciation or adhere to orthographic rules:
-ger (e.g., manger): To maintain the soft 'g' sound, a silent e is inserted before -ions/-iez: que nous mangions. This prevents the 'g' from being pronounced hard like in nous mangeons.
-cer (e.g., commencer): To maintain the soft 'c' sound, ç is used before -ions/-iez: que nous commencions. This prevents the 'c' from being pronounced hard like in nous commençons.
-yer (e.g., payer): The y changes to i in je, tu, il/elle/on, ils/elles forms but remains y in nous, vous: que je paie, que tu paies, qu'il paie, que nous payions, que vous payiez, qu'ils paient. This reflects the different phonetic environments.
-ier (e.g., étudier): The nous and vous forms will have a double i: que nous étudiions, que vous étudiiez. This is grammatically correct and not a typographical error.
il est possible que.
Il est possible que nous allions au marché. (It is possible that we go to the market.)
Il est possible qu'il finisse à temps. (It is possible that he finishes on time.)
avoir or être) followed by the past participle of the main verb.
Il est possible qu'il ait oublié son passeport. (It is possible that he has forgotten his passport.)
Il est possible qu'elle soit partie avant l'aube. (It is possible that she left before dawn.)
When To Use It
il est possible que whenever you need to express that an event or state is not certain but is genuinely conceivable. This covers a wide array of situations where an element of doubt, hypothesis, or potential future occurrence precludes definitive confirmation. It offers a formal yet natural method to temper your assertions, allowing for greater nuance in your communication.- 1Expressing General Possibility or Doubt: This is the most direct application. When you believe something could happen, but you lack absolute certainty,
il est possible queis appropriate. It indicates that you are not committing to the reality of the statement.
Il est possible qu'il pleuve cet après-midi.(It is possible that it rains this afternoon.) – Used when discussing weather forecasts or uncertain predictions. The forecast may indicate rain, but it isn't guaranteed.Il est possible que le magasin soit fermé aujourd'hui.(It is possible that the store is closed today.) – When you are unsure about current opening hours or have heard conflicting information, and wish to convey this uncertainty.
- 1Hypothesizing about Future Events: When speculating on potential future occurrences, especially in planning, predictions, or informal discussions. While the Future Simple Indicative states a future event as a fact (
Il viendra demain.),il est possible queintroduces a future possibility, acknowledging an element of uncertainty or contingency.
Il est possible que je finisse mon rapport avant vendredi.(It is possible that I finish my report before Friday.) – Expressing a potential completion time, but workload or unforeseen issues might prevent it. This allows for a flexible commitment.Il est possible que nous partions en vacances en mai.(It is possible that we go on holiday in May.) – Discussing tentative travel plans that are not yet confirmed. This contrasts directly withNous partirons en vacances en mai.(We will go on holiday in May), which states a firm plan.
- 1Softening Statements or Offering Tentative Opinions: In both formal and informal settings,
il est possible quecan make a statement less direct and more polite or less assertive. This allows for a diplomatic distance from a firm assertion, which can be particularly useful in professional or sensitive discussions, or when you wish to avoid sounding overly dogmatic.
Il est possible qu'il y ait un malentendu.(It is possible that there is a misunderstanding.) – A gentle way to suggest a problem without directly accusing anyone or making a definitive judgment. This approach is common in professional communication.Il est possible que cette solution soit la plus efficace.(It is possible that this solution is the most efficient.) – Presenting an idea as a strong possibility or hypothesis rather than an absolute truth, thereby inviting further discussion and avoiding premature closure on a topic.
Common Mistakes
il est possible que + Subjunctive. Being aware of these pitfalls, and understanding their underlying reasons, will significantly enhance your grammatical accuracy and help you avoid miscommunication.- 1Forgetting
queor Using the Wrong Connector: The most fundamental error is omitting the conjunctionque. In English,
Subjunctive Conjugation Patterns
| Subject | Verb (Parler) | Verb (Finir) | Verb (Être) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Je
|
parle
|
finisse
|
sois
|
|
Tu
|
parles
|
finisses
|
sois
|
|
Il/Elle
|
parle
|
finisse
|
soit
|
|
Nous
|
parlions
|
finissions
|
soyons
|
|
Vous
|
parliez
|
finissiez
|
soyez
|
|
Ils/Elles
|
parlent
|
finissent
|
soient
|
Elisions
| Phrase | Elision |
|---|---|
|
que + il
|
qu'il
|
|
que + elle
|
qu'elle
|
|
que + il (plural)
|
qu'ils
|
Meanings
This structure is used to express uncertainty, possibility, or a lack of absolute fact regarding a future or present event.
Expressing Possibility
Indicating that an event might occur without certainty.
“Il est possible qu'elle soit en retard.”
“Il est possible que nous mangions au restaurant.”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Il est possible que + Subjunctive
|
Il est possible qu'il vienne.
|
|
Negative
|
Il n'est pas possible que + Subjunctive
|
Il n'est pas possible qu'il vienne.
|
|
Question
|
Est-il possible que + Subjunctive ?
|
Est-il possible qu'il vienne ?
|
|
Past
|
Il est possible que + Subjunctive Passé
|
Il est possible qu'il soit venu.
|
|
Same subject
|
Il est possible de + Infinitive
|
Il est possible de venir.
|
Formality Spectrum
Il est possible qu'il vienne. (Social plans)
Il est possible qu'il vienne. (Social plans)
C'est possible qu'il vienne. (Social plans)
Peut-être qu'il vient. (Social plans)
The Possibility Map
Mood
- Subjonctif Subjunctive
Usage
- Incertitude Uncertainty
Mood Comparison
Decision Flowchart
Is the subject the same?
Subjunctive Triggers
Impersonal Expressions
- • Il est possible que
- • Il faut que
- • Il est nécessaire que
Examples by Level
Il est possible que je parte.
It is possible that I leave.
Il est possible qu'il vienne.
It is possible that he comes.
Il est possible que nous mangions.
It is possible that we eat.
Il est possible qu'elle soit là.
It is possible that she is there.
Il est possible que vous soyez en retard.
It is possible that you are late.
Il est possible qu'ils aient faim.
It is possible that they are hungry.
Il n'est pas possible qu'il sache.
It is not possible that he knows.
Est-il possible qu'elle fasse ça ?
Is it possible that she does that?
Il est possible que le projet soit terminé demain.
It is possible that the project is finished tomorrow.
Il est possible que nous devions changer nos plans.
It is possible that we have to change our plans.
Il est possible qu'il ait oublié son rendez-vous.
It is possible that he forgot his appointment.
Il est possible que vous puissiez venir avec nous.
It is possible that you can come with us.
Il est possible que les conditions météorologiques empêchent le décollage.
It is possible that weather conditions prevent takeoff.
Il est possible que cette décision ait des conséquences graves.
It is possible that this decision has serious consequences.
Il est possible que nous ayons mal interprété ses intentions.
It is possible that we misinterpreted his intentions.
Il est possible qu'il faille revoir toute la stratégie.
It is possible that it is necessary to review the whole strategy.
Il est possible que, compte tenu des circonstances, nous soyons contraints d'agir.
It is possible that, given the circumstances, we are forced to act.
Il est possible que cette hypothèse soit infirmée par les nouvelles données.
It is possible that this hypothesis is invalidated by the new data.
Il est possible qu'il ait fallu plus de temps que prévu.
It is possible that more time was needed than expected.
Il est possible que nul ne sache la vérité.
It is possible that no one knows the truth.
Il est possible que la structure même du langage soit en mutation constante.
It is possible that the very structure of language is in constant mutation.
Il est possible qu'il ait été préférable d'attendre.
It is possible that it would have been better to wait.
Il est possible que cette œuvre soit le reflet d'une époque révolue.
It is possible that this work is the reflection of a bygone era.
Il est possible que le destin nous réserve des surprises.
It is possible that fate has surprises in store for us.
Easily Confused
Learners think 'probable' is the same as 'possible'.
Learners use subjunctive for certainty.
Learners think 'peut-être que' needs the subjunctive.
Common Mistakes
Il est possible qu'il est.
Il est possible qu'il soit.
Il est possible que je peux.
Il est possible que je puisse.
Il est possible de qu'il vienne.
Il est possible qu'il vienne.
Il est possible que il vienne.
Il est possible qu'il vienne.
Il est possible que nous mangeons.
Il est possible que nous mangions.
Il est possible que vous avez fini.
Il est possible que vous ayez fini.
Est-il possible qu'il est venu ?
Est-il possible qu'il soit venu ?
Il est possible que je serais.
Il est possible que je sois.
Il est possible que il faut.
Il est possible qu'il faille.
Il est possible que ils viennent.
Il est possible qu'ils viennent.
Il est possible que cette hypothèse est vraie.
Il est possible que cette hypothèse soit vraie.
Il est possible que nous aurions dû.
Il est possible que nous ayons dû.
Il est possible que le résultat soit été.
Il est possible que le résultat ait été.
Il est possible que tout le monde sachent.
Il est possible que tout le monde sache.
Sentence Patterns
Il est possible que ___ ___.
Est-il possible que ___ ___ ___ ?
Il n'est pas possible que ___ ___.
Il est possible que ___ ___ ___ le projet.
Real World Usage
Il est possible que je sois en retard au concert !
Il est possible qu'on se voie demain.
Il est possible que je sois disponible dès lundi.
Il est possible que le vol soit retardé.
Il est possible que la commande arrive avec un peu de retard.
Il est possible que ces résultats soient biaisés.
Focus on the trigger
Don't use indicative
Practice irregulars
Listen for it
Smart Tips
Think 'Subjunctive'. It's a hard rule.
Use the 'ils' form of the present indicative as a base.
Use 'de' + infinitive if the subject is the same.
Use 'Il est possible que' to sound more professional.
Pronunciation
Elision
Always pronounce 'qu'il' as one syllable: /kil/.
Rising intonation
Il est possible qu'il vienne ↗ ?
Used when asking if it is possible.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Possibility is a 'maybe' cloud; it rains subjunctive.
Visual Association
Imagine a giant question mark (?) hanging over a verb. The verb is wearing a 'subjunctive' hat to protect itself from the uncertainty.
Rhyme
When 'possible' is in the air, the subjunctive verb is always there.
Story
Pierre is looking at the sky. He says, 'Il est possible qu'il pleuve' (It's possible it rains). He isn't sure, so he uses the subjunctive. If he were sure, he'd use the indicative, but he's just guessing.
Word Web
Challenge
Write 5 sentences using 'Il est possible que' about your plans for the weekend in 5 minutes.
Cultural Notes
The subjunctive is highly valued in formal French and is a marker of education.
In casual speech, Quebecois speakers often use 'peut-être que' + indicative instead of the formal subjunctive.
Standard French rules apply, but the subjunctive is often used with great precision in formal administrative settings.
The subjunctive mood comes from the Latin 'subjunctivus', meaning 'subjoined' or 'attached'.
Conversation Starters
Est-il possible que tu viennes ce soir ?
Penses-tu qu'il est possible qu'il pleuve ?
Est-il possible que nous finissions le travail demain ?
Est-il possible qu'elle ait oublié notre rendez-vous ?
Journal Prompts
Common Mistakes
Test Yourself
Il est possible qu'il (venir) ____ demain.
Which sentence is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
Il est possible que nous avons fini.
Il viendra peut-être. -> Il est possible que...
'Il est possible que' always takes the indicative.
A: Est-il possible qu'elle sache la vérité ? B: Oui, il est possible qu'elle ____.
que / il / possible / vienne / est / il
Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:
Score: /8
Practice Exercises
8 exercisesIl est possible qu'il (venir) ____ demain.
Which sentence is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
Il est possible que nous avons fini.
Il viendra peut-être. -> Il est possible que...
'Il est possible que' always takes the indicative.
A: Est-il possible qu'elle sache la vérité ? B: Oui, il est possible qu'elle ____.
que / il / possible / vienne / est / il
Match: Il est possible que
Score: /8
Practice Bank
10 exercisesIl est possible qu'il ___ beau demain.
Il est possible que vous parlez français.
It is possible that they (m) go to Paris.
Which one uses the subjunctive correctly?
possible / que / Il / est / pleuve / il
Match the verbs:
Il est possible qu'elle ___ la réponse.
Pick the most natural sounding sentence:
Il est possible que nous finissons tard.
It is possible that you (informal) have the time.
Score: /10
FAQ (8)
Because it expresses uncertainty. In French, uncertainty is the primary trigger for the subjunctive mood.
If you are sure, you shouldn't use 'Il est possible que'. Use 'Il est certain que' instead, which takes the indicative.
Yes, both affirmative and negative forms of 'possible' trigger the subjunctive.
This is a gray area. Traditionally it takes the indicative, but many native speakers use the subjunctive.
Je sois, tu sois, il soit, nous soyons, vous soyez, ils soient.
Yes, the subjunctive form changes based on the subject of the second clause.
Only if the subject is the same. 'Il est possible de venir' (It is possible to come).
Yes, it is very common in formal and academic writing to express cautious opinions.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Es posible que + Subjunctive
Spanish has more tenses in the subjunctive.
Es ist möglich, dass + Konjunktiv I/II
German subjunctive is less common in everyday speech than French.
Kamoshirenai
Japanese does not conjugate the verb for mood in the same way.
Min al-mumkin an + Subjunctive
Arabic subjunctive is marked by a vowel change at the end of the verb.
Keneng + Verb
Chinese has no verb conjugation.
It is possible that + Indicative/Modal
English lacks a distinct subjunctive mood for this structure.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
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