l'économie in 30 Seconds
- L'économie refers to both a country's financial system and the act of saving resources.
- It is a feminine noun, but the article 'la' becomes 'l'' before the vowel.
- The plural 'les économies' specifically means personal financial savings.
- Common phrases include 'faire des économies' (to save) and 'l'économie de marché' (market economy).
The French word l'économie is a polysemous noun that occupies a central place in both daily life and academic discourse. At its most fundamental level, it refers to the organized system of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services within a specific region or country. When you hear news anchors discussing l'économie française, they are referring to the health of the nation's financial and industrial systems. However, for a French learner, the word carries a secondary, equally important meaning: the act of saving or the careful management of resources to avoid waste. This duality mirrors the English word 'economy,' but the French usage of the plural form les économies specifically denotes 'savings' (money put aside), which is a crucial distinction to master at the B2 level.
- Macroeconomic Context
- Refers to the state of a nation's wealth, including GDP, inflation, and employment rates. For example, 'L'économie mondiale est en transition.'
- Personal Management
- The practice of being frugal or thrifty. 'Faire preuve d'économie' means to be careful with one's budget.
- Financial Savings
- In the plural, 'ses économies' refers to the actual money saved in a bank account or under a mattress.
Le gouvernement cherche des solutions pour relancer l'économie nationale après la crise.
In social settings, the word is ubiquitous. Whether discussing the price of gas, the stability of the Euro, or the virtues of buying a more fuel-efficient car (une voiture économique), the root concept remains the same: the optimization of limited resources. It is also used metaphorically in fields like linguistics or art to describe 'economy of means' (économie de moyens), where a great effect is achieved with minimal input. Understanding the breadth of this word allows a speaker to move from basic financial transactions to complex societal critiques, which is the hallmark of the B2 level speaker.
Elle a utilisé toutes ses économies pour s'acheter ce nouvel appartement.
Using l'économie correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical environment. As a feminine noun, it is preceded by la or l'. When discussing the system, it is often paired with verbs like soutenir (to support), stimuler (to stimulate), or analyser (to analyze). When discussing the act of saving, the most common verb is faire. 'Faire des économies' is the standard way to say 'to save money' or 'to make savings'.
- With the verb 'Faire'
- 'Nous devons faire des économies d'énergie cet hiver.' (We must save energy this winter.)
- As a Subject
- 'L'économie de marché repose sur la loi de l'offre et de la demande.' (The market economy relies on the law of supply and demand.)
Grâce à ce nouveau système, nous réalisons une économie de temps substantielle.
One must also be careful with the adjective form économique. While 'l'économie' is the noun, 'économique' describes anything related to the economy or anything that is cost-effective. For example, 'une voiture économique' refers to a car that doesn't consume much fuel. In contrast, 'une étude économique' is a study about the financial system. At the B2 level, you should be able to distinguish between 'faire des économies' (saving money) and 'être économe' (being a thrifty person). The person who studies the economy is un économiste.
Il est important de comprendre les rouages de l'économie pour mieux gérer son entreprise.
You will encounter l'économie in a variety of contexts, ranging from high-level political broadcasts to casual kitchen-table conversations. In France, the economy is a frequent topic of debate, particularly concerning the 'pouvoir d'achat' (purchasing power) and the 'taux de chômage' (unemployment rate). On the news channel *BFM Business* or in the newspaper *Les Échos*, the word is the cornerstone of every discussion. Analysts will talk about l'économie circulaire (the circular economy) or l'économie de partage (the sharing economy), reflecting modern shifts in how resources are managed.
- The Media
- Headlines like 'L'économie française en croissance' or 'Menaces sur l'économie mondiale' are daily staples.
- Household Planning
- Parents might tell their children, 'Il faut faire des économies pour les vacances,' emphasizing the thrifty aspect.
À la radio, on a parlé de l'économie verte et de son impact sur l'emploi.
In educational settings, 'l'économie' (often shortened to 'éco') is a major subject in the French Lycée (high school) curriculum, specifically within the SES stream (Sciences Économiques et Sociales). Therefore, many young French people are well-versed in the terminology. You will also hear it in environmental contexts, where 'économie d'eau' (water saving) is a common slogan during droughts. This illustrates that while the word can be technical, its application is deeply rooted in the practicalities of French life, from saving a few cents at the supermarket to understanding global trade wars.
Even advanced learners often stumble when using l'économie due to its multiple meanings and its similarity to English. The most frequent error is confusing the noun économie with the adjective économique. For instance, saying 'C'est une économie voiture' is incorrect; it must be 'C'est une voiture économique'. Another common pitfall is the misuse of the plural. In English, we 'make savings,' but in French, if you say 'Je fais une économie,' it usually implies a single instance of saving money on a specific purchase. To talk about the general habit of saving or the money in your bank account, you must use the plural: mes économies.
- Noun vs Adjective
- Mistake: 'La situation économie est grave.' Correct: 'La situation économique est grave.'
- Singular vs Plural
- Mistake: 'J'ai perdu mon économie.' Correct: 'J'ai perdu mes économies.'
Additionally, learners sometimes confuse 'l'économie' with 'la finance'. While they are related, 'l'économie' is broader, covering production and social systems, whereas 'la finance' specifically deals with money management, banking, and markets. Using one for the other can make your speech sound imprecise. Finally, remember the gender. Since 'économie' starts with a vowel, the article is 'l'', but if you add an adjective before it, like 'la petite économie', you must remember it is feminine. Incorrectly using 'le' or 'un' is a sign of a lower proficiency level.
To enrich your vocabulary, it is essential to know words that are related to l'économie but offer different nuances. Depending on the context, you might want to use l'épargne, la gestion, or la frugalité. Each of these carries a specific connotation that 'l'économie' might not fully capture.
- L'épargne vs L'économie
- L'épargne refers specifically to the act of putting money aside in a financial institution. L'économie is broader, including saving resources like time or energy.
- La gestion vs L'économie
- La gestion means 'management'. You can manage a budget (gestion budgétaire) without necessarily making savings (économies).
- Le budget vs L'économie
- Le budget is the plan for spending, while 'l'économie' is the result of spending less than planned.
In a formal or academic context, you might use les finances publiques to talk about a country's economy specifically in terms of government spending. In a more literary sense, la parcimonie describes extreme economy, often bordering on stinginess. Choosing the right word demonstrates your ability to navigate the nuances of the French language, moving beyond simple translations to precise expression.
How Formal Is It?
Fun Fact
Originally, 'economy' had nothing to do with countries or banks; it was strictly about how to run a home efficiently, including managing servants and food supplies.
Pronunciation Guide
- Pronouncing the 'h' if it were present (there is no h).
- Confusing the pronunciation with the English 'economy' which has different vowel sounds.
- Forgetting the accent on the first 'é'.
- Making the 'o' sounds too long.
- Not eliding the article (saying 'la économie' instead of 'l'économie').
Difficulty Rating
Common in news but abstract concepts can be tricky.
Requires correct gender and plural usage.
Pronunciation of the 'é' and 'o' sounds is key.
Easily recognized but context determines meaning.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Elision with 'L''
L'économie (not La économie)
Plural of Nouns
Une économie -> Des économies
Adjective Agreement
L'économie mondiale (feminine)
Preposition 'de' after quantity
Beaucoup d'économies
Infinitive as Subject
Faire des économies est sage.
Examples by Level
Je fais des économies pour un vélo.
I am saving money for a bike.
Plural 'économies' means savings.
L'économie est ma matière préférée.
Economics is my favorite subject.
Feminine noun.
C'est une bonne économie.
It's a good saving.
Singular used for a specific act of saving.
Il n'a pas d'économies.
He has no savings.
Negative structure with 'de'.
L'économie de la maison est importante.
The household economy is important.
Article contraction l' + économie.
Maman fait des économies d'eau.
Mom is saving water.
Compound noun structure 'économie de'.
Où sont tes économies ?
Where are your savings?
Possessive adjective 'tes' matches plural.
L'économie va bien.
The economy is doing well.
Subject-verb agreement.
Nous devons faire des économies d'électricité.
We must save electricity.
Modal verb 'devoir' with infinitive.
L'économie française change.
The French economy is changing.
Adjective 'française' is feminine.
Elle a beaucoup d'économies à la banque.
She has a lot of savings at the bank.
Adverb of quantity 'beaucoup de'.
Le prix est bas, c'est une vraie économie.
The price is low, it's a real saving.
Use of 'vraie' as an intensifier.
L'économie mondiale est compliquée.
The world economy is complicated.
Adjective agreement.
Il achète des produits en économie.
He buys products on sale/saving.
Prepositional phrase.
Faire des économies est difficile.
Saving money is difficult.
Infinitive as a subject.
L'économie de ce pays est fragile.
The economy of this country is fragile.
Possessive 'de ce pays'.
L'économie d'énergie est cruciale pour la planète.
Energy saving is crucial for the planet.
Noun complement 'd'énergie'.
Il a dépensé toutes ses économies en un mois.
He spent all his savings in one month.
Past tense 'a dépensé'.
L'économie collaborative se développe rapidement.
The collaborative economy is developing rapidly.
Adjective 'collaborative' (feminine).
Nous pourrions faire l'économie de ce voyage.
We could dispense with this trip.
Idiom 'faire l'économie de' meaning 'to avoid'.
L'économie repose sur la confiance des consommateurs.
The economy relies on consumer confidence.
Verb 'reposer sur'.
Elle étudie l'économie à l'université.
She studies economics at the university.
Direct object.
Ce projet permet une économie de temps importante.
This project allows for a significant time saving.
Indefinite article 'une'.
L'économie locale souffre de la fermeture de l'usine.
The local economy is suffering from the factory closure.
Present tense 'souffre'.
La croissance de l'économie ralentit cette année.
The growth of the economy is slowing down this year.
Complex noun phrase.
Il faut réformer l'économie pour plus de justice sociale.
The economy must be reformed for more social justice.
Impersonal 'il faut'.
L'économie de marché a ses limites.
The market economy has its limits.
Standard economic term.
Elle a fait preuve d'une grande économie de mots.
She showed great economy of words.
Metaphorical use.
L'économie souterraine échappe aux statistiques.
The underground economy escapes statistics.
Specific economic concept.
Les économies d'échelle permettent de réduire les coûts.
Economies of scale allow for cost reduction.
Technical plural term.
L'économie circulaire vise à réduire les déchets.
The circular economy aims to reduce waste.
Modern environmental term.
Il a investi ses économies dans une start-up.
He invested his savings in a start-up.
Verb 'investir'.
L'économie politique examine les rapports de force.
Political economy examines power dynamics.
Academic discipline.
La dématérialisation bouleverse l'économie traditionnelle.
Dematerialization is disrupting the traditional economy.
High-level vocabulary.
On craint une surchauffe de l'économie.
There are fears of the economy overheating.
Economic metaphor.
L'économie du savoir est le moteur de l'innovation.
The knowledge economy is the engine of innovation.
Abstract concept.
Les fluctuations de l'économie affectent le moral des ménages.
Economic fluctuations affect household morale.
Complex subject-verb relationship.
L'économie de rente freine le développement.
The rentier economy slows development.
Specific economic theory term.
Il a analysé l'économie des moyens dans cette peinture.
He analyzed the economy of means in this painting.
Aesthetic context.
L'économie réelle se distingue de la sphère financière.
The real economy is distinct from the financial sphere.
Conceptual distinction.
L'économie libidinale est un concept psychanalytique.
Libidinal economy is a psychoanalytic concept.
Highly specialized field.
L'économie de l'attention régit les réseaux sociaux.
The attention economy governs social media.
Contemporary sociological term.
Le traité porte sur l'économie des échanges internationaux.
The treaty concerns the economy of international trade.
Formal legal/diplomatic tone.
L'économie de la pensée exige de la clarté.
Economy of thought requires clarity.
Philosophical usage.
Il s'interroge sur l'économie du salut dans la théologie.
He wonders about the economy of salvation in theology.
Theological context.
La résilience de l'économie face aux chocs exogènes.
The resilience of the economy in the face of exogenous shocks.
Academic jargon.
L'économie de la prédation ravage les ressources naturelles.
The predatory economy ravages natural resources.
Critical theory term.
Il manie l'économie de l'ironie avec brio.
He handles the economy of irony with brilliance.
Literary/rhetorical nuance.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
— To avoid something or to dispense with it.
On pourrait faire l'économie de ces détails.
— Small, insignificant savings that aren't worth the effort.
Arrête ces économies de bouts de chandelle !
— To live using one's saved money without new income.
Il vit sur ses économies depuis son licenciement.
— A system based on information and expertise.
L'économie de la connaissance est l'avenir.
— To act in a thrifty or careful manner.
Il faut faire preuve d'économie dans ce projet.
— The sharing economy (e.g., Airbnb, Uber).
L'économie de partage change nos habitudes.
Often Confused With
This is the adjective. 'L'économie' is the noun.
This describes a person who is thrifty. 'L'économie' is the concept.
This is the professional person who studies economy.
Idioms & Expressions
— To make petty savings at the expense of something more important.
Vouloir économiser sur le papier alors qu'on perd des millions est une économie de bouts de chandelle.
Informal— Achieving a maximum effect with minimum resources.
Le réalisateur a utilisé une économie de moyens impressionnante.
Formal/Artistic— To protect one's savings (usually from taxes or inflation).
Il a mis ses économies à l'abri en Suisse.
Neutral— To avoid making an effort.
Il essaie toujours de faire l'économie d'un effort.
Neutral— An economy based on income from assets rather than work.
Certains pays pétroliers vivent d'une économie de la rente.
Academic— To waste or squander all of one's savings.
Il a dilapidé toutes ses économies au casino.
Neutral— The economy of 'getting by' or informal survival tactics.
Dans ce quartier, c'est l'économie de la débrouille.
Informal— To start spending money that was supposed to be saved.
Je ne veux pas toucher à mes économies pour ça.
Neutral— Selling the use of a product rather than the product itself.
L'économie de la fonctionnalité est plus durable.
TechnicalEasily Confused
Both mean savings.
Épargne is more formal and specifically financial; économie is broader.
Mon épargne est à la banque.
Related to money.
Finance is about managing money/markets; économie is the whole system.
Il travaille dans la finance.
Related to planning money.
Budget is the plan; économie is the action or the system.
Je surveille mon budget.
Related to company money.
Trésorerie is cash flow; économie is the broader financial health.
La trésorerie de l'entreprise est basse.
Economic goal.
Richesse is the state of being rich; économie is the process.
La richesse des nations.
Sentence Patterns
Je fais des économies pour [noun].
Je fais des économies pour un voyage.
L'économie de [place] est [adjective].
L'économie de la France est grande.
Il est important de faire des économies de [resource].
Il est important de faire des économies d'eau.
Grâce à [action], on peut réaliser une économie de [resource].
Grâce au télétravail, on réalise une économie de temps.
L'économie repose sur [concept].
L'économie repose sur la confiance.
Le paradigme de l'économie [adjective] évolue vers [concept].
Le paradigme de l'économie linéaire évolue vers le circulaire.
Vivre sur ses économies.
Il vit sur ses économies.
Faire l'économie de [noun/verb].
Faisons l'économie de ces commentaires.
Word Family
Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
Related
How to Use It
High (Top 1000 words)
-
Le économie
→
L'économie
Vowel elision is required.
-
Un économie
→
Une économie
The noun is feminine.
-
Je fais économie
→
Je fais des économies
Requires an article and plural for 'savings'.
-
La situation économie
→
La situation économique
Use the adjective 'économique' to describe a noun.
-
Mes économie
→
Mes économies
Plural agreement is necessary for savings.
Tips
Check the Gender
Always remember it's feminine. This affects adjectives like 'mondiale' or 'florissante'.
Plural for Money
Use 'mes économies' when talking about your bank balance.
Macro vs Micro
Be aware if you are talking about the country or your own pocket.
Avoid 'Faire l'économie'
Use it only if you mean 'to dispense with' something.
Sharp 'É'
Ensure the first letter is a sharp 'ay' sound, not 'ee'.
Accents Matter
The accent on 'é' is mandatory in formal writing.
News Context
When you hear 'Bercy', expect to hear the word 'économie' soon after.
Green Economy
Use 'économie d'énergie' to talk about being eco-friendly.
Sharing Economy
Use 'économie de partage' for modern apps like Airbnb.
Business Savings
In business, use 'réaliser des économies' for cutting costs.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Think of 'Echo' and 'No Me'. If you have a good 'Economy', your money 'Echoes' back to you and doesn't say 'No' to 'Me'.
Visual Association
Imagine a piggy bank wearing a suit and holding a briefcase. This combines the 'saving' aspect with the 'professional system' aspect.
Word Web
Challenge
Try to use 'l'économie' and 'économiser' in three different sentences describing your weekly budget.
Word Origin
Derived from the Latin 'oeconomia', which comes from the Ancient Greek 'oikonomia'. It is a combination of 'oikos' (house) and 'nomos' (law or custom).
Original meaning: The management of a household or family affairs.
Indo-European (via Greek and Latin).Cultural Context
Be careful when discussing someone's 'économies' (savings) as money can be a private subject in French culture.
In English, we often use 'the economy' for the system and 'savings' for the money. In French, 'l'économie' covers both.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
At the Bank
- Ouvrir un compte d'épargne
- Placer ses économies
- Taux d'intérêt
- Frais bancaires
Politics
- Relance économique
- Déficit budgétaire
- Politique d'austérité
- Croissance du PIB
Environment
- Économie d'énergie
- Développement durable
- Économie verte
- Consommation responsable
Work/Business
- Économies d'échelle
- Réduire les coûts
- Rentabilité
- Secteur économique
Education
- Cours d'économie
- Théorie économique
- Analyse de marché
- Sciences sociales
Conversation Starters
"Penses-tu que l'économie mondiale va s'améliorer l'année prochaine ?"
"Est-ce que tu fais souvent des économies sur tes courses ?"
"Quel est l'impact de l'économie numérique sur ton travail ?"
"As-tu déjà étudié l'économie à l'école ?"
"Comment peut-on faire des économies d'énergie à la maison ?"
Journal Prompts
Décrivez une situation où vous avez dû utiliser vos économies pour un imprévu.
Que pensez-vous de l'économie de partage (comme Uber ou Airbnb) ?
Imaginez une économie où l'argent n'existe pas. Comment cela fonctionnerait-il ?
Quelles sont vos astuces pour faire des économies au quotidien ?
Analysez l'impact de l'économie sur votre choix de carrière.
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsYes, it is a feminine noun. You say 'une économie' or 'la grande économie'.
The singular usually refers to one specific saving on a purchase. The plural refers to the general habit of saving money.
No, you must use the adjective 'économique' for that. For example, 'une voiture économique'.
You can say 'économiser' (verb) or 'faire des économies' (phrase).
It means 'market economy', where prices are determined by supply and demand.
Yes, students often say 'éco' for the subject 'économie'.
It's an economic system aimed at eliminating waste and the continual use of resources.
Yes, 'une économie de temps' means saving time.
A person who studies or is an expert in economics.
It is 'l'économie' because it starts with a vowel.
Test Yourself 180 questions
Write a sentence using 'faire des économies'.
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Write a sentence about 'l'économie d'énergie'.
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Describe why you save money using 'mes économies'.
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Explain 'l'économie circulaire' in one sentence.
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Discuss the impact of 'l'économie mondiale'.
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Translate: The economy is good.
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Translate: She has a lot of savings.
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Translate: We can avoid this expense.
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Translate: The market economy is complex.
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Write a sentence about 'l'économie de l'attention'.
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Use 'l'économie' as a school subject in a sentence.
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Write a sentence about 'l'économie locale'.
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Use 'réaliser une économie' in a sentence.
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Describe 'l'économie de partage'.
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Discuss 'l'économie du savoir'.
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Translate: My savings are small.
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Translate: Saving water is important.
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Translate: He lives on his savings.
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Translate: Economies of scale are useful.
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Translate: The underground economy is growing.
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Pronounce 'l'économie'.
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Say 'I am saving money' in French.
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Say 'It's a saving of time' in French.
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Say 'market economy' in French.
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Say 'The global economy is fragile' in French.
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Say 'I like economics'.
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Say 'Save water'.
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Say 'He spent his savings'.
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Say 'circular economy'.
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Say 'economy of thought'.
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Say 'my savings'.
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Say 'French economy'.
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Say 'to avoid a mistake' using 'économie'.
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Say 'sharing economy'.
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Say 'underground economy'.
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Say 'a big saving'.
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Say 'He has no savings'.
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Say 'petty savings'.
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Say 'economies of scale'.
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Say 'real economy'.
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Listen and write the word: [Audio: l'économie]
Listen and write the phrase: [Audio: faire des économies]
Listen and write: [Audio: économie d'énergie]
Listen and write: [Audio: l'économie de marché]
Listen and write: [Audio: conjoncture économique]
Listen and write: [Audio: mes économies]
Listen and write: [Audio: l'économie française]
Listen and write: [Audio: une économie de temps]
Listen and write: [Audio: l'économie circulaire]
Listen and write: [Audio: l'économie de l'attention]
Listen and write: [Audio: l'éco]
Listen and write: [Audio: économiser]
Listen and write: [Audio: vivre sur ses économies]
Listen and write: [Audio: économies d'échelle]
Listen and write: [Audio: l'économie réelle]
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Perfect score!
Summary
Mastering 'l'économie' involves distinguishing between the macro system (the economy) and the micro action (savings). Always remember to use the plural 'économies' when talking about money in your bank account.
- L'économie refers to both a country's financial system and the act of saving resources.
- It is a feminine noun, but the article 'la' becomes 'l'' before the vowel.
- The plural 'les économies' specifically means personal financial savings.
- Common phrases include 'faire des économies' (to save) and 'l'économie de marché' (market economy).
Check the Gender
Always remember it's feminine. This affects adjectives like 'mondiale' or 'florissante'.
Plural for Money
Use 'mes économies' when talking about your bank balance.
Macro vs Micro
Be aware if you are talking about the country or your own pocket.
Avoid 'Faire l'économie'
Use it only if you mean 'to dispense with' something.
Related Content
More daily_life words
à l'arrière de
B2At the back of; behind.
à l'heure
B1On time, punctual.
à vrai dire
B2To tell the truth; to be honest.
abîmé
A2Damaged or spoiled.
abordable
A2Affordable, reasonably priced; accessible.
accélérateur
B2The pedal that controls the speed of a vehicle.
accident
A2Accident.
accompagné
B1Accompanied; having someone or something with you.
achat
A2Purchase, the act of buying something.
activer
B2to activate, to enable
