At the A1 level, learners focus on the most concrete uses of 'előtt'. This includes simple spatial relationships, such as being in front of a building (a ház előtt) or a person (Péter előtt). It also covers basic time expressions, specifically hours of the day (nyolc óra előtt) and daily routines (reggeli előtt). The primary goal here is to understand that the word 'előtt' comes after the noun and that the noun does not change its form. Learners should also memorize the basic personal forms like 'előttem' (before me) and 'előtted' (before you) to handle simple introductions and meeting arrangements. Exercises at this level usually involve choosing between 'előtt' and 'után' (after) in a daily schedule context. It's about building the fundamental habit of placing the position marker after the object, which is a significant departure from English syntax.
At the A2 level, the use of 'előtt' expands to include more varied nouns and the concept of 'ago'. Learners begin to use 'ezelőtt' with time durations, such as 'két nappal ezelőtt' (two days ago). This requires understanding the instrumental case suffix '-val/-vel' on the time unit. A2 learners also start to distinguish between 'előtt' (static) and 'elé' (moving to the front), which is a common source of confusion. You will use 'előtt' to describe locations on a map or giving directions ('A bank előtt forduljon jobbra'). The vocabulary of nouns used with 'előtt' broadens to include public places, seasons, and months. The focus is on consolidating the postpositional structure and ensuring the learner doesn't revert to English word order in more complex sentences.
By B1, learners use 'előtt' in more abstract and metaphorical ways. This includes social and professional contexts, such as 'a bizottság előtt' (before the committee) or 'a közönség előtt' (in front of the audience). The distinction between 'előtt' and the conjunction 'mielőtt' becomes critical at this stage; B1 learners must correctly choose 'mielőtt' when a verb follows. They also begin to use 'előtt' in compound structures and with demonstrative pronouns like 'azelőtt' (before that) to link sentences in a narrative. The focus shifts from simple location to logical sequencing in speech and writing. Learners are expected to handle personal suffixes for all persons (including 'előttünk', 'előttetek', 'előttük') fluently in conversation, such as in the phrase 'még hosszú élet áll előttük' (they still have a long life ahead of them).
At the B2 level, 'előtt' is used in sophisticated idiomatic expressions and formal writing. This includes phrases like 'mindenek előtt' (above all / first of all) or 'a szemünk előtt' (before our very eyes). B2 learners should be comfortable using 'előtt' in historical and academic contexts, such as discussing events 'a háború előtt' (before the war) or 'a reformáció előtt'. They also master the nuances of emphasis; for example, placing 'előtt' at the beginning of a sentence for dramatic effect or specific focus. The learner is expected to understand the subtle difference between 'előtt' and other spatial postpositions like 'szemben' or 'mellett' in complex descriptive tasks. Writing tasks might involve comparing life 'a technológiai robbanás előtt' and after, requiring consistent and correct usage of temporal markers.
C1 learners explore the literary and nuanced applications of 'előtt'. This involves understanding how 'előtt' functions in classical Hungarian literature and poetry, where it might carry more weight or archaic connotations. C1 learners use 'előtt' to express complex philosophical or legal ideas, such as 'az igazság előtt' (before the truth) or 'a lelkiismeretünk előtt'. They also recognize and can use rarer derivatives or related terms that share the same root. At this level, the learner is expected to have a 'feel' for the word, using it naturally in high-level debates or academic papers to structure arguments. They can also use 'előtt' to describe subtle social hierarchies or 'rank' (e.g., who comes 'before' whom in a formal procession or protocol). The mastery of vowel harmony in the suffixed forms is perfect and automatic.
At the C2 level, 'előtt' is handled with the precision of a native stylist. The learner understands the etymological roots of the word and how it relates to the broader Uralic linguistic heritage. They can navigate the most complex legal documents where 'előtt' defines jurisdictions or temporal validity with absolute accuracy. C2 mastery includes the ability to use 'előtt' in wordplay, puns, or highly specific technical jargon (e.g., in linguistics or philosophy). The learner can analyze the rhythmic function of 'előtt' in Hungarian verse and use it to maintain meter or rhyme. They are also fully aware of regional variations or extremely formal registers where 'előtt' might be substituted by more obscure terms for stylistic variety. Essentially, the word is no longer a 'rule' to be followed but a flexible tool for expressive communication.

előtt 30초 만에

  • Used for both space (in front of) and time (before) in Hungarian.
  • Always functions as a postposition, meaning it follows the noun or pronoun.
  • The noun it modifies remains in the basic nominative case without suffixes.
  • Takes personal endings like 'előttem' (before me) or 'előtted' (before you).

The Hungarian word előtt is a fundamental building block of the language, functioning primarily as a postposition that translates to both 'before' (in time) and 'in front of' (in space). Unlike English, where prepositions like 'before' precede the noun, Hungarian postpositions follow the noun they modify. This spatial and temporal duality makes it one of the most versatile words for beginners to master. When you are standing in a queue, the person ahead of you is ön előtt (in front of you). When you are planning your day, the task you do at 8:00 AM happens kilenc óra előtt (before nine o'clock).

Spatial Usage
In a physical sense, it describes a static position in front of an object. For example, 'A ház előtt' means 'In front of the house'. It implies that the subject is already there, not moving towards it.

A kutya a kapu előtt alszik.

Translation: The dog is sleeping in front of the gate.
Temporal Usage
In terms of time, it marks an event occurring prior to another. 'Vacsora előtt' means 'Before dinner'. It is essential for scheduling and historical narratives.

Furthermore, előtt is used metaphorically in social and legal contexts. To stand 'before the law' (a törvény előtt) or 'before a judge' (a bíró előtt) uses the same spatial logic to describe one's presence or accountability. This consistency across physical, temporal, and abstract domains is a hallmark of Hungarian logic.

Mindenki egyenlő a törvény előtt.

Personal Pronouns
When using 'előtt' with pronouns like 'me' or 'you', it takes personal endings: előttem (before me), előtted (before you), előtte (before him/her/it).

Még hosszú út áll előttünk.

Mastering the syntax of előtt requires shifting your English-speaking brain into 'reverse gear'. In English, you say 'before the meeting'. In Hungarian, you say 'the meeting before' (az értekezlet előtt). This postpositional structure is rigid and predictable. The noun precedes the postposition directly, and in most cases, the noun does not require any additional case endings, which simplifies things for the learner. However, if the noun is followed by an adjective, the order remains: [Article] + [Adjective] + [Noun] + [Postposition]. For example: a nagy ház előtt (in front of the large house).

Temporal Sequence
When discussing time, 'előtt' is used for hours, days, and events. 'Öt óra előtt' (Before five o'clock), 'Karácsony előtt' (Before Christmas). It provides a specific anchor point in the past relative to another event.

Mindig kávézom reggeli előtt.

Spatial Orientation
For locations, it answers the question 'Hol?' (Where?). 'A mozi előtt találkozunk' (We meet in front of the cinema). It describes the location of the meeting point without indicating movement toward it.

Várj meg a bejárat előtt!

Another important aspect is the use of előtt with demonstrative pronouns. To say 'before this', you use ez előtt, which often contracts or is written as ezelőtt when referring to 'previously' or 'ago'. For example, 'két évvel ezelőtt' means 'two years ago'. Notice how the 'ez' (this) takes the instrumental case '-vel' when used in this specific 'ago' construction. This is a slightly more advanced pattern but very common in daily speech.

Soha nem láttam őt ezelőtt.

Personalized Forms
The forms are: előttem, előtted, előtte, előttünk, előttetek, előttük. Use these when the 'object' is a person. 'Állj meg előttem!' (Stand in front of me!).

In Hungary, you will hear előtt everywhere—from the bustling streets of Budapest to quiet village grocery stores. It is a word of coordination and timing. One of the most common places to encounter it is in public transport announcements or when asking for directions. If someone tells you to get off the bus a templom előtt, they are telling you to disembark at the stop located right in front of the church. In social settings, it is the go-to word for making plans. 'Találkozzunk a mozi előtt hét előtt tíz perccel' (Let's meet in front of the cinema ten minutes before seven).

In the Kitchen
Recipes often use it: 'Sütés előtt melegítse elő a sütőt' (Before baking, preheat the oven). It establishes the necessary sequence of culinary steps.

Mosson kezet evés előtt!

Translation: Wash your hands before eating!

In professional environments, előtt is used to discuss deadlines and presentations. A manager might say, 'Az értekezlet előtt át kell néznünk a számokat' (Before the meeting, we need to review the numbers). It also appears in formal titles or historical contexts, such as 'Krisztus előtt' (K.e.), which is the Hungarian equivalent of B.C. (Before Christ). This formal usage demonstrates the word's stability across centuries of linguistic evolution.

On the News
Journalists use it to describe people appearing in court: 'A gyanúsított megjelent a bíróság előtt' (The suspect appeared before the court). It carries a weight of formality here.

A vonat öt perc előtt indult el.

For English speakers, the most frequent mistake is the word order. Because English uses prepositions ('before the house'), learners often try to say *előtt a ház. This is immediately recognized as incorrect by native speakers. You must train yourself to place the 'anchor' (the house) first. Another common pitfall is confusing előtt with its 'moving' counterparts: elé and elől. Hungarian distinguishes between being somewhere, moving toward somewhere, and moving away from somewhere.

Előtt vs. Elé
Use 'előtt' when you are already in front of something (static). Use 'elé' when you are moving to a position in front of something (dynamic). 'A ház előtt állok' (I am standing there) vs. 'A ház elé sétálok' (I am walking to the front of the house).

Hibás: Állj a fa előtt! (If moving there). Helyes: Állj a fa elé!

Előtt vs. Mielőtt
Learners often use 'előtt' to introduce a clause with a verb. 'Előtt megyek' is wrong; you must say 'Mielőtt megyek' (Before I go). 'Előtt' only pairs with nouns or pronouns.

Finally, be careful with the word elől. While előtt means 'in front of', elől means 'from in front of' or 'away from'. If you say 'Elfutok a medve előtt', you are running in front of the bear (perhaps leading it). If you say 'Elfutok a medve elől', you are running away from the bear. This distinction is vital for survival (literally and grammatically)!

Ne állj az út közepére, állj az autó elől félre!

While előtt is the most common way to say 'before' or 'in front of', Hungarian offers several nuances depending on whether you are emphasizing time, space, or a specific relationship. Understanding these alternatives will make your Hungarian sound more natural and precise. For instance, when talking about something that happened 'previously' without a specific noun anchor, azelőtt or korábban are often preferred.

Előtt vs. Korábban
'Előtt' needs a noun (vacsora előtt). 'Korábban' is an adverb meaning 'earlier' or 'previously'. 'Korábban érkeztem' (I arrived earlier).

Ezt már korábban is hallottam.

Előtt vs. Szemben
'Előtt' means in front of, but 'szemben' means 'opposite' or 'facing'. If two people are sitting at a table facing each other, they are 'egymással szemben'. If one is behind the other, the one in front is 'előtt'.

In literary or very formal contexts, you might encounter elibe or elébe, which are archaic or dialectal variations of 'towards the front of'. However, for 99% of daily communication, előtt remains the gold standard. Another related word is elülső, which is an adjective meaning 'front' (e.g., 'az elülső ajtó' - the front door). While 'előtt' tells you where something is relative to something else, 'elülső' describes a part of the object itself.

A ház elülső része fehér.

Ezelőtt vs. Azelőtt
'Ezelőtt' means 'before this' or 'ago'. 'Azelőtt' means 'before that' or 'previously'. They help in sequencing stories without repeating the noun.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The '-tt' suffix at the end of 'előtt' is an ancient locative case ending that is no longer productive in Hungarian but survives in words like 'itt' (here) and 'ott' (there).

발음 가이드

UK /ˈɛløːtː/
US /ˈɛløːtː/
Primary stress is always on the first syllable: E-lőtt.
라임이 맞는 단어
fölött között mögött ütött sütött kötött töltött öltött
자주 하는 실수
  • Pronouncing 'ő' as a short 'o'.
  • Making the 'tt' too short.
  • Using the English 'before' word order.
  • Confusing 'ő' with 'ö'.
  • Misplacing the stress on the second syllable.

난이도

독해 1/5

Very easy to recognize once the word order is known.

쓰기 2/5

Requires remembering the postpositional order and pronoun suffixes.

말하기 3/5

Challenging to switch from English 'before' order in real-time.

듣기 2/5

Clear pronunciation, but must listen for the word after the noun.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

ház idő óra én te

다음에 배울 것

után mögött alatt fölött között

고급

mielőtt elülső előzetes ezelőtt szemben

알아야 할 문법

Postpositional Word Order

Noun + Postposition (e.g., a ház előtt).

Nominative Case with Postpositions

The noun does not take a suffix (e.g., 'vacsora előtt', not 'vacsorát előtt').

Personal Suffixes on Postpositions

előtt + -em = előttem (before me).

Instrumental Case with 'Ezelőtt'

Time unit + -val/-vel + ezelőtt (e.g., egy évvel ezelőtt).

Static vs. Dynamic Postpositions

előtt (static) vs. elé (moving to the front).

수준별 예문

1

A ház előtt állok.

I am standing in front of the house.

Postposition 'előtt' follows the noun 'ház'.

2

Vacsora előtt kezet mosok.

I wash hands before dinner.

Temporal use: Noun + előtt.

3

A kutya az ajtó előtt van.

The dog is in front of the door.

Spatial relationship.

4

Hét óra előtt érkezem.

I arrive before seven o'clock.

Time expression.

5

Ki áll előttem?

Who is standing in front of me?

Personal pronoun form: előtt + -em.

6

A suli előtt találkozunk.

We meet in front of the school.

Common social usage.

7

Reggeli előtt nem iszom teát.

I don't drink tea before breakfast.

Negative sentence with temporal marker.

8

Az autó a garázs előtt áll.

The car is standing in front of the garage.

Static position.

1

Két évvel ezelőtt Londonban voltam.

Two years ago I was in London.

The 'ago' construction: time + -val/-vel + ezelőtt.

2

A mozi előtt fordulj balra.

Turn left in front of the cinema.

Directional instruction.

3

Várj meg a bolt előtt!

Wait for me in front of the shop!

Imperative usage.

4

Az ünnep előtt sokat vásárolunk.

We shop a lot before the holiday.

General temporal statement.

5

Négy óra előtt nem vagyok otthon.

I am not at home before four o'clock.

Time limit.

6

A parkoló a kórház előtt van.

The parking lot is in front of the hospital.

Identifying locations.

7

Ezelőtt soha nem ettem gulyást.

Before this, I had never eaten goulash.

Using 'ezelőtt' as 'previously'.

8

A kisfiú a tükör előtt áll.

The little boy is standing in front of the mirror.

Reflexive spatial context.

1

A bizottság előtt kell beszélnem.

I have to speak before the committee.

Formal/Abstract usage.

2

Mindenek előtt tisztáznunk kell a szabályokat.

First of all, we must clarify the rules.

Idiomatic phrase: mindenek előtt.

3

Az utazás előtt ellenőrizd az útleveledet!

Check your passport before the trip!

Preparation context.

4

A házunk előtt egy nagy fa állt.

A large tree used to stand in front of our house.

Past tense description.

5

Hányan állnak még előttünk a sorban?

How many people are still standing in front of us in the line?

Plural personal form: előttünk.

6

A döntés előtt alaposan átgondoltuk a helyzetet.

Before the decision, we thought through the situation thoroughly.

Abstract temporal anchor.

7

A vizsga előtt mindenki izgult.

Everyone was nervous before the exam.

Emotional context.

8

A közönség előtt énekelni nem könnyű.

Singing in front of the audience is not easy.

Performance context.

1

A szemünk előtt történt a baleset.

The accident happened before our eyes.

Idiomatic: a szemünk előtt.

2

A háború előtt ez a város sokkal nagyobb volt.

Before the war, this city was much larger.

Historical narrative.

3

Még nagy feladatok állnak előttetek.

Great tasks still lie ahead of you.

Metaphorical future.

4

A törvény előtt minden állampolgár egyenlő.

Before the law, every citizen is equal.

Legal principle.

5

Közvetlenül az indulás előtt hívott fel.

He called me just before departure.

Adverbial modification: közvetlenül előtt.

6

A válság előtt stabil volt a gazdaság.

Before the crisis, the economy was stable.

Economic context.

7

Soha ne mondj ilyet mások előtt!

Never say such a thing in front of others!

Social etiquette.

8

A cél előtt nem szabad feladni.

One must not give up before the goal.

Motivational context.

1

A bíróság előtt tett vallomása sorsdöntő volt.

His testimony before the court was decisive.

Formal legal context.

2

Mindenek előtt a bizalmat kell visszaállítani.

Above all, trust must be restored.

Prioritizing abstract concepts.

3

A tenger végtelenje terült el előttük.

The infinity of the sea stretched out before them.

Literary description.

4

Ez a felfedezés messze a kora előtt járt.

This discovery was far ahead of its time.

Idiomatic: a kora előtt.

5

A lelkiismerete előtt nem tudott elszámolni.

He could not account for it before his conscience.

Inward metaphorical use.

6

A király előtt térdet hajtottak.

They bowed before the king.

Archaic/Historical register.

7

A nagy áttörés előtt áll a tudomány.

Science is on the verge of a great breakthrough.

Abstract anticipation.

8

A nép előtt felelősséggel tartoznak.

They are accountable before the people.

Political discourse.

1

A tapasztalat előtt létező kategóriákról vitáztak.

They debated categories existing prior to experience.

Philosophical 'a priori' context.

2

A történelem ítélőszéke előtt felelnek majd.

They will answer before the tribunal of history.

High-level metaphorical rhetoric.

3

A művész a vászon előtt állva kereste az ihletet.

Standing before the canvas, the artist sought inspiration.

Detailed descriptive narrative.

4

A világmindenség titkai tárultak fel előttük.

The secrets of the universe were revealed before them.

Grandiosely literary.

5

A döntő pillanat előtt mély csend támadt.

Before the decisive moment, a deep silence arose.

Atmospheric writing.

6

A bűnbeesés előtt az ember még ártatlan volt.

Before the fall, man was still innocent.

Theological context.

7

Minden kényszer előtt a szabad akarat áll.

Before all compulsion stands free will.

Abstract logic.

8

A vádlott a tanúk előtt is tagadta a vádat.

The accused denied the charge even before the witnesses.

Precise legal terminology.

동의어

korábban mielőtt elülső szemközt azelőtt hajdan elébe múltkor

반의어

után mögött mögé később

자주 쓰는 조합

vacsora előtt
hét óra előtt
a ház előtt
mindenek előtt
a törvény előtt
vizsga előtt
a tükör előtt
elindulás előtt
Krisztus előtt
a közönség előtt

자주 쓰는 구문

Mindenek előtt

— First and foremost or above all. Used to prioritize an idea.

Mindenek előtt a biztonság a legfontosabb.

Szemünk előtt

— Before our eyes. Used when something happens right where we can see it.

A szemünk előtt dőlt le a fal.

Idő előtt

— Prematurely or before the scheduled time.

Sajnos idő előtt be kellett fejeznünk.

Kapu előtt

— At the gate. Often used for being very close to a goal.

Már a kapu előtt vagyunk, ne add fel!

Bíróság előtt

— In court or before the tribunal.

Holnap jelenik meg a bíróság előtt.

Indulás előtt

— Before leaving or before departure.

Indulás előtt igyunk egy kávét.

A világ előtt

— In front of the whole world (publicly).

Nem akarja felfedni a titkát a világ előtt.

Ezelőtt tíz évvel

— Ten years ago. A standard way to express past time.

Ezelőtt tíz évvel még itt laktam.

A cél előtt

— Before the finish line or goal.

A cél előtt állt meg a kocsi.

Mások előtt

— In front of other people.

Ne veszekedjünk mások előtt!

자주 혼동되는 단어

előtt vs elé

Means moving 'to the front of'. Use 'előtt' for staying there.

előtt vs elől

Means 'from in front of' or 'away from'. Often used for escaping.

előtt vs mielőtt

A conjunction for verbs. 'Előtt' is only for nouns.

관용어 및 표현

"Mindennek rendelt ideje van az ég alatt."

— There is a time for everything under heaven (biblical, implying 'before' its time nothing happens).

Ne siess, mindennek rendelt ideje van.

literary
"A szemünk előtt nő fel."

— Growing up before our eyes (referring to a child growing quickly).

Látod, milyen nagy lett? A szemünk előtt nő fel.

informal
"A kora előtt jár."

— To be ahead of one's time (advanced for the current era).

Ez a tudós messze a kora előtt járt.

neutral
"Mindenek előtt a legfontosabb."

— First of all, the most important thing is...

Mindenek előtt a család a legfontosabb.

neutral
"Nyitott könyv valaki előtt."

— To be an open book before someone (to be easily understood).

Az élete nyitott könyv a barátai előtt.

informal
"Leveszi a kalapját valaki előtt."

— To take one's hat off to someone (to show great respect).

Leveszem a kalapom a teljesítménye előtt.

neutral
"Tiszta a lelkiismerete valaki előtt."

— To have a clear conscience before someone.

Tiszta a lelkiismeretem a szüleim előtt.

neutral
"A halál előtt mindenki egyenlő."

— Everyone is equal before death.

Gazdag vagy szegény, a halál előtt mindenki egyenlő.

philosophical
"Áll még előtte az élet."

— Life is still ahead of him/her (referring to a young person's future).

Ne aggódj érte, még áll előtte az élet.

informal
"A cél előtt elbukik."

— To fail just before the goal.

Sajnos a cél előtt elbukott a terv.

neutral

혼동하기 쉬운

előtt vs elé

Both refer to the 'front'.

'Előtt' is for static location (where you are), while 'elé' is for direction (where you are going).

Állok a ház előtt. vs. Sétálok a ház elé.

előtt vs elől

Both start with 'el-'.

'Előtt' is a position, 'elől' is a source (moving away from the front).

A medve előtt futok (in front). vs. A medve elől futok (escaping).

előtt vs után

Opposite meaning but same grammatical structure.

'Előtt' is before/front, 'után' is after/behind.

Vacsora előtt vs. vacsora után.

előtt vs mögött

Spatial relative.

'Előtt' is front, 'mögött' is back.

A ház előtt vs. a ház mögött.

előtt vs szemben

Both can mean 'facing'.

'Szemben' specifically implies two things facing each other across a space.

A ház előtt állok vs. A házzal szemben lakom.

문장 패턴

A1

[Noun] előtt [Verb].

A ház előtt állok.

A2

[Number] [Time] + -val/-vel ezelőtt [Verb].

Két évvel ezelőtt költöztem ide.

B1

[Pronoun-Suffix] áll a [Noun].

Előttem áll a lehetőség.

B2

Mindenek előtt [Clause].

Mindenek előtt szeretném megköszönni.

C1

[Abstract Noun] előtt [Verb].

A bíróság előtt felel.

C2

[Philosophical Concept] előtt [Verb].

A tapasztalat előtt létezik.

A1

[Time] előtt [Verb].

Öt óra előtt jövök.

B1

[Adverb] a [Noun] előtt.

Közvetlenül a vizsga előtt.

어휘 가족

명사

előtér (foreground)
előny (advantage)
előd (predecessor)
előadás (performance/lecture)

동사

előz (to overtake)
előad (to perform/present)
előrehalad (to progress)

형용사

elülső (front)
előzetes (preliminary)
előnyös (advantageous)

관련

mielőtt
ezelőtt
azelőtt
mindenekelőtt
időelőtt

사용법

frequency

Extremely common in both spoken and written Hungarian.

자주 하는 실수
  • előtt a ház a ház előtt

    Hungarian postpositions must follow the noun, unlike English prepositions.

  • én előtt előttem

    Personal pronouns require the suffixed form of the postposition.

  • három nap ezelőtt három nappal ezelőtt

    The 'ago' construction requires the instrumental case suffix (-val/-vel) on the time unit.

  • előtt eszem mielőtt eszem

    Use 'mielőtt' as a conjunction before a verb; 'előtt' is only for nouns.

  • állj a ház előtt (when moving) állj a ház elé

    If movement is involved toward the front, use 'elé'. 'Előtt' is for static position.

Postposition Rule

Always place 'előtt' after the noun. Think of it as 'The house, front of'.

Long 'ő' Sound

Make sure to hold the 'ő' sound longer than a normal 'o'. It's a key feature of the word.

Ago Construction

To say 'ago', use 'ezelőtt' with the -val/-vel suffix on the time word.

Personal Forms

Memorize 'előttem, előtted, előtte' as single units to speed up your speech.

Static vs Dynamic

Use 'előtt' only if the subject is staying still. If they are moving to the front, use 'elé'.

Conjunction vs Postposition

Use 'mielőtt' for actions (verbs) and 'előtt' for things (nouns).

Historical Markers

Recognize 'K.e.' in history books as 'Krisztus előtt' (Before Christ).

Word Endings

Listen for the '-tt' at the end to confirm you are hearing a location/time marker.

No Case Suffixes

Don't add '-ban' or '-at' to the noun before 'előtt'. Keep it simple.

First of All

Use 'mindenek előtt' to start a formal list of points.

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'EL' as 'ELevator' going up to the 'FRONT' floor, and 'ÖTT' as the 'SPOT' where it stops. EL-ÖTT = The FRONT SPOT.

시각적 연상

Imagine a house with a large 'E' shaped garden in front of it. The garden is 'előtt' the house.

Word Web

Ház előtt Vacsora előtt Előttem Előtted Mielőtt Ezelőtt Azelőtt Mindenek előtt

챌린지

Try to find five things in your room that are 'előtt' something else and say them out loud in Hungarian.

어원

Derived from the ancient Finno-Ugric root 'el-' meaning 'front' or 'forward'. This root is shared with many other Uralic languages.

원래 의미: The original sense was likely 'the front part of something' or 'moving forward'.

Uralic -> Finno-Ugric -> Ugric -> Hungarian.

문화적 맥락

No specific sensitivities; 'előtt' is a neutral relational word.

English speakers often struggle with the postpositional nature, as they are used to prepositions. The temporal use is very similar to 'before', but the spatial use is more specific than 'in front of' because it is strictly static.

The phrase 'A törvény előtt' is the title of a famous short story by Franz Kafka (translated into Hungarian). Historical dates use 'K.e.' (Krisztus előtt). Poets like Petőfi often used 'előtt' to describe the vast Hungarian plains stretching before them.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Giving Directions

  • A bank előtt
  • A lámpa előtt
  • A templom előtt
  • A megálló előtt

Making Plans

  • Hét óra előtt
  • Vacsora előtt
  • A mozi előtt
  • Találkozás előtt

Daily Routines

  • Reggeli előtt
  • Munka előtt
  • Alvás előtt
  • Edzés előtt

In the Office

  • Az értekezlet előtt
  • A határidő előtt
  • A főnök előtt
  • A prezentáció előtt

History/Narrative

  • A háború előtt
  • A forradalom előtt
  • Ezelőtt tíz évvel
  • Azelőtt soha

대화 시작하기

"Mit csinálsz általában reggeli előtt?"

"Hol találkozzunk a mozi előtt?"

"Ki állt előtted a sorban a boltban?"

"Milyen volt az élet az internet előtt?"

"Mit kell elintéznünk az utazás előtt?"

일기 주제

Írj arról, mit csináltál tíz évvel ezelőtt.

Milyen célok állnak most előtted az életedben?

Írd le, mi van most közvetlenül a számítógéped előtt.

Mit gondolsz, milyen lesz a világ a következő nagy válság előtt?

Emlékezz vissza egy fontos pillanatra a vizsgád előtt.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

The word 'előtt' itself does not change because it is a postposition. However, the personal suffixes you add to it (like -em, -ed) must follow front vowel harmony. For example, 'előttem' uses 'e' because 'előtt' has front vowels (e, ő).

Yes, but you usually use the form 'ezelőtt' and the time unit must have the instrumental suffix (-val/-vel). For example: 'három évvel ezelőtt' (three years ago).

It is always 'a ház előtt'. Hungarian postpositions always follow the noun. Placing it before the noun is a common mistake for English speakers.

'Előtt' is used with nouns (vacsora előtt), while 'mielőtt' is a conjunction used with verbs (mielőtt eszünk). You cannot use 'előtt' directly with a verb.

You use the suffixed form 'előttem'. You do not need to use the word 'én' (I), as the '-em' ending already indicates 'me'.

While it can sometimes imply it, 'szemben' is the more accurate word for 'opposite'. 'Előtt' simply means in the space directly in front of the object.

Yes, exactly like the English word 'before' in some contexts, but it covers 'in front of' as well. It is very versatile.

Yes, for example: 'Péter előtt' (in front of Peter or before Peter in a sequence).

It is neutral and can be used in any register, from slang to legal documents.

The adjective goes between the article and the noun: 'a nagy ház előtt' (in front of the big house).

셀프 테스트 200 질문

writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'I am waiting in front of the cinema.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'Wash your hands before dinner!'

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'We arrived two hours ago.'

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'Who is standing in front of you?'

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'I drink coffee before work.'

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'The car is in front of the garage.'

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'Above all, thank you.'

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'I have never seen this before.'

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'The accident happened before our eyes.'

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'He appeared before the judge.'

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'Don't give up before the goal!'

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'We meet before eight o'clock.'

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'The dog is sleeping in front of the gate.'

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'I was in London three years ago.'

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'Before the exam, I was nervous.'

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'A long life is ahead of you.'

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'Check the passport before the trip!'

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'They are standing in front of us.'

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'I arrive before you.'

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writing

Write a Hungarian sentence: 'Wait for me in front of the school!'

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speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'In front of the house.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'Before five o'clock.'

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speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'In front of me.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'Before breakfast.'

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'Two days ago.'

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'In front of the mirror.'

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'Before the exam.'

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'In front of them.'

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'First of all.'

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'Before the war.'

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'Wait in front of the bank.'

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'I arrive before seven.'

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'Ahead of us.'

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'Before departure.'

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'Just before the end.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'Before the judge.'

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'In front of the school.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'Before dinner.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'One year ago.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say in Hungarian: 'In front of you.'

Read this aloud:

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listening

Listen and write: 'A ház előtt várok.'

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listening

Listen and write: 'Vacsora előtt moss kezet.'

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listening

Listen and write: 'Hét óra előtt érkezem.'

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listening

Listen and write: 'Két nappal ezelőtt történt.'

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listening

Listen and write: 'Mindenek előtt köszönöm.'

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listening

Listen and write: 'A tükör előtt áll.'

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listening

Listen and write: 'A vizsga előtt izgultunk.'

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listening

Listen and write: 'Előttem áll a sorban.'

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listening

Listen and write: 'Indulás előtt hívj fel.'

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listening

Listen and write: 'A szemünk előtt történt.'

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listening

Listen and write: 'Öt perccel a kezdés előtt.'

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listening

Listen and write: 'A mozi előtt találkozunk.'

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listening

Listen and write: 'Három évvel ezelőtt.'

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listening

Listen and write: 'A bíróság előtt vallott.'

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listening

Listen and write: 'Soha nem láttam ezelőtt.'

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/ 200 correct

Perfect score!

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