To become completely parched, whether it refers to a riverbed or one's financial stability.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Refers to water sources drying up completely.
- Used metaphorically to describe extreme financial hardship.
- Implies a critical, often negative, lack of resources.
Overview
- 1概要:「干上がる(ひあがる)」は、水気を含んでいたものが乾燥し、水分が完全に失われる様子を表す動詞です。元々は池や川などの水域が干上がる物理的な現象を指しますが、現代では「収入が絶たれて生活が苦しくなる」という比喩的な意味で非常に頻繁に使われます。2) 使用パターン:物理的な文脈では「池が干上がる」「田んぼが干上がる」のように自然環境の変化を説明します。比喩的な文脈では「不況で会社が干上がる」「仕事がなくて干上がる」のように、経済的な困窮やチャンスの喪失を強調する際に用いられます。3) 一般的な文脈:ニュースで干ばつの被害を報じる際や、ビジネスや日常会話で「これでは干上がってしまう(生活できない)」という危機感を伝える際に使われます。4) 類語との比較:「乾く(かわく)」は単に湿り気がなくなる状態を指しますが、「干上がる」はそこからさらに「水がなくなる」「枯渇する」という、より深刻で極端な状態を強調します。「枯れる(かれる)」は植物などが水分を失うことに焦点を当てますが、「干上がる」は水そのものが消失する状況に焦点があります。
Examples
猛暑で川が干上がってしまった。
everydayThe river dried up due to the intense heat.
このままでは、わが社は干上がってしまう。
formalAt this rate, our company will go bankrupt.
仕事がなくて干上がっている。
informalI'm broke because I have no work.
異常気象により湖が干上がる現象が観測された。
academicA phenomenon of lakes drying up due to extreme weather was observed.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
干上がった土地
Parched land
食い詰めて干上がる
To be starving and penniless
Often Confused With
Refers to general drying of surfaces or objects like clothes. Much broader and less dramatic than 'hioagaru'.
Usually refers to plants losing moisture or water sources like wells running out, but 'hioagaru' specifically implies the disappearance of water volume.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
It is used in both literal and figurative senses. In formal writing, it describes environmental issues. In conversation, it is a strong, dramatic way to express poverty or lack of resources.
Common Mistakes
Students often use it to describe laundry drying, which is incorrect. It is also sometimes misused for things that are just 'dry' rather than 'dried up because the water is gone'.
Tips
Use for extreme situations
Reserve this word for situations where things have reached an extreme, critical point. It is stronger than simple 'drying out'.
Avoid literal use for objects
Do not use this for laundry. Use '乾く' (kawaku) for clothes drying, as '干上がる' implies the disappearance of a water source.
Agricultural roots
The word originates from farming, where water is the lifeblood of crops. Its usage reflects the historical fear of drought.
Word Origin
Derived from 'hi' (dry/sun) and 'agaru' (to rise/finish). It literally means the water has risen or disappeared due to the sun.
Cultural Context
Reflects the historical importance of water management in Japanese agriculture. Droughts were catastrophic, leading to the metaphorical use for personal ruin.
Memory Tip
Imagine a fish gasping in a pond that is shrinking. The 'Hi' (sun) is 'Agaru' (rising) and drying everything up.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questionsはい、使えます。特に「仕事がなくて干上がる」のように、経済的に困窮して生活が維持できない状況を表す際によく用いられます。
「乾く」は単に湿り気がなくなることですが、「干上がる」は水が完全に消滅し、枯渇してしまうというより深刻なニュアンスを含みます。
「干上がった」となります。例えば「昨年の猛暑で池が干上がった」のように使います。
物理的な意味ではニュースなどで、比喩的な意味では「生活が苦しい」という強い不満や危機感を強調する際に日常的にも使われます。
Test Yourself
猛暑が続き、町の池が完全に___。
池のような水たまりがなくなる状況には「干上がる」が最も適しています。
Score: /1
Summary
To become completely parched, whether it refers to a riverbed or one's financial stability.
- Refers to water sources drying up completely.
- Used metaphorically to describe extreme financial hardship.
- Implies a critical, often negative, lack of resources.
Use for extreme situations
Reserve this word for situations where things have reached an extreme, critical point. It is stronger than simple 'drying out'.
Avoid literal use for objects
Do not use this for laundry. Use '乾く' (kawaku) for clothes drying, as '干上がる' implies the disappearance of a water source.
Agricultural roots
The word originates from farming, where water is the lifeblood of crops. Its usage reflects the historical fear of drought.
Examples
4 of 4猛暑で川が干上がってしまった。
The river dried up due to the intense heat.
このままでは、わが社は干上がってしまう。
At this rate, our company will go bankrupt.
仕事がなくて干上がっている。
I'm broke because I have no work.
異常気象により湖が干上がる現象が観測された。
A phenomenon of lakes drying up due to extreme weather was observed.
Related Content
More nature words
~上
B1Above; on top of; up.
〜の上
A2On top of, above, upon.
豊か
B1Abundant; rich; plentiful (na-adjective).
〜に従って
B1According to, in conformity with, as (something happens).
酸性雨
B1Acid rain.
営み
B1Activity; daily life; undertaking (e.g., life's activities).
順応する
B1To adapt; to adjust; to conform.
~を背景に
B1Against the backdrop of; with...as background.
空気
A2air
大気汚染
B1Air pollution; the presence of harmful substances in the air.