Used to express a strong expectation based on logic or evidence.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Expresses a logical expectation or strong belief.
- Based on objective evidence or past experience.
- Used for both present and past situations.
Overview
- 1概要:〜はずは、客観的な根拠やこれまでの経験に基づき、「当然そうなるはずだ」「そうであるに違いない」という強い確信や期待を示す表現です。話し手の主観的な推測が含まれます。2) 使用パターン:名詞+の+はず、い形容詞+はず、な形容詞+な+はず、動詞の普通形+はず。過去の出来事については「〜したはずだ」という形をとります。3) 一般的な文脈:日常会話からビジネスまで幅広く使用されます。約束の確認や、なぜ結果がこうなったのかという理由付けの際によく使われます。4) 類似表現との比較:「〜に違いない」はより強い確信を表し、「〜はずだ」は論理的な帰結や期待に近いニュアンスです。「〜だろう」は単なる推測で、確信の度合いは「はず」の方が高いです。
Examples
彼はもうすぐ来るはずだ。
everydayHe should be arriving soon.
この書類は昨日送ったはずです。
formalI should have sent these documents yesterday.
そんなはずはない。
informalThat can't be true.
理論上は成功するはずである。
academicTheoretically, it should succeed.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
そんなはずはない
That is impossible
はずだったのに
It was supposed to be, but...
〜るはずがない
There is no way that...
Often Confused With
Stronger subjective certainty compared to the logical deduction of 'hazu'.
General speculation without the requirement of specific evidence or logical backing.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The phrase is neutral to formal. It is essential for expressing expectations in professional settings. Ensure the verb before 'hazu' is in the plain form.
Common Mistakes
Learners often use 'hazu' with polite verb forms (e.g., 'ikimasu hazu'). Always use the dictionary form (e.g., 'iku hazu').
Tips
Use for logical deductions only
Only use 'hazu' when you have a reason for your belief. It implies you have gathered information to support your conclusion.
Avoid using for personal feelings
Do not use 'hazu' to describe your own internal feelings. It is strictly for objective situations or external events.
Politeness in Japanese expectations
Using 'hazu' can sometimes sound demanding if used to question someone's actions. Be careful with tone in formal settings.
Word Origin
Derived from the noun 'hazu' (nock of an arrow), representing the point where things should align.
Cultural Context
Reflects the Japanese preference for consensus and predictability in social interactions. It allows speakers to confirm shared expectations politely.
Memory Tip
Think of it as 'The Hazu-damental expectation.' It represents the foundation of your logic.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions「はず」は論理的な根拠に基づいた推測ですが、「に違いない」は話し手の主観的な確信が非常に強い場合に使われます。
はい、「〜したはずだ」という形で使えます。過去の事実について「そうであったと記憶している」という確信を伝える際に非常に便利です。
「はずがない」または「はずではない」となります。「はずがない」は「絶対にそんなことはない」という強い否定を表します。
「はずです」と言うことで丁寧な表現になります。文末を調整するだけで、ビジネスシーンでも問題なく使用可能です。
Test Yourself
彼は今日来る___です。
「来る」の普通形に「はず」を接続します。
Score: /1
Summary
Used to express a strong expectation based on logic or evidence.
- Expresses a logical expectation or strong belief.
- Based on objective evidence or past experience.
- Used for both present and past situations.
Use for logical deductions only
Only use 'hazu' when you have a reason for your belief. It implies you have gathered information to support your conclusion.
Avoid using for personal feelings
Do not use 'hazu' to describe your own internal feelings. It is strictly for objective situations or external events.
Politeness in Japanese expectations
Using 'hazu' can sometimes sound demanding if used to question someone's actions. Be careful with tone in formal settings.
Examples
4 of 4彼はもうすぐ来るはずだ。
He should be arriving soon.
この書類は昨日送ったはずです。
I should have sent these documents yesterday.
そんなはずはない。
That can't be true.
理論上は成功するはずである。
Theoretically, it should succeed.
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Related Grammar Rules
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について
A2about; concerning
宛先
B1The address or name of the recipient to whom mail or an email is sent.
番地
A2House number
賛同
B1Approval, endorsement; support or agreement with an idea.
~も
A2Too, also.
〜そして
A1And then; and (used to connect sentences or clauses).
たり
A2Indicates a non-exhaustive list of actions/states ('and so on').
〜や
A2And; and so forth (used to list examples, implying others exist).
お知らせ
B1Notice; an announcement or communication.
答え
A2A thing said, written, or done as a reaction to a question or statement.