許可する
You can use 許可する when you want to say that someone gives permission or approval for something.
Explanation at your level:
Hello! Today we learn 許可する (kyoka suru). It means 'to allow' or 'to say yes' to something. Imagine you want to play with a toy. If your friend says 'Okay, you can play!', they are giving you 許可する. It's like getting permission. You can use it when you want to ask if you can do something, like 'May I go?' You are asking for permission. It's a polite way to ask for something official.
Hi there! We're looking at 許可する (kyoka suru). This verb means to officially permit, approve, or authorize something. It's more formal than just saying 'yes.' For example, a teacher might 許可する you to leave the classroom early if you have a good reason. Or, a company might 許可する a new employee's request for time off. You often need to 'get permission' (許可を得る - kyoka o eru) before you do something important.
Let's explore 許可する (kyoka suru). This verb signifies granting formal permission, approval, or authorization. It's used when a decision-maker or authority allows an action. For instance, the city council might 許可する the construction of a new park. You might need to submit an application to receive 許可 (kyoka - permission). If you want to use someone's property for an event, you must ask them to 許可する it. It implies a level of official sanction or agreement.
Understanding 許可する (kyoka suru) involves recognizing its formal register and implication of authority. It means to officially permit, approve, or authorize. Consider situations like a government body 許可する a business license, or a university 許可する a student's study abroad program. The opposite, 'unauthorized,' is 無許可 (mukyoka). Obtaining 許可 (kyoka) often involves a formal process, unlike casual agreement. It's crucial in legal, administrative, and business contexts where explicit authorization is required.
The verb 許可する (kyoka suru) denotes the act of granting formal sanction, authorization, or assent. Its usage is typically confined to contexts requiring official or legal approval, distinguishing it from informal acquiescence. For example, a regulatory agency might 許可する the marketing of a new drug after rigorous testing. The noun form, 許可 (kyoka), is frequently used to refer to the permit or license itself. Understanding the nuances of 許可する is key to navigating bureaucratic and corporate environments where explicit authorization protocols are paramount.
Mastering 許可する (kyoka suru) involves appreciating its role in formal discourse and its etymological roots signifying definitive authorization. This verb is employed when a legitimate authority grants explicit leave or sanction, often following established procedures. For instance, a patent office 許可する a new invention, or a court 許可する a legal motion. The term is deeply embedded in administrative law and corporate governance, where the absence of 許可 (kyoka) can render actions illicit. Its historical usage reflects a long-standing tradition of codified permission systems.
Word in 30 Seconds
- <strong>許可する (kyoka suru)</strong> means to permit, approve, or authorize.
- It's a formal verb used in official, business, or legal contexts.
- Common phrases include 許可を得る (obtain permission) and 許可を出す (issue permission).
- Avoid using it in casual conversation with friends.
Hey there! Let's dive into the word 許可する (kyoka suru). It's a super useful verb in Japanese that basically means 'to permit,' 'to approve,' or 'to authorize.' Think of it as the official 'go ahead' or 'yes, you can do that!' from someone in charge or someone with the power to decide.
You'll hear this word a lot in situations where rules or official processes are involved. For example, a company might 許可する a new project, or a government office might 許可する a building permit. It's not just a casual 'okay,' but a more formal granting of leave or consent. It signifies that something has been officially sanctioned and is now allowed to happen.
So, whenever you see or hear 許可する, remember it's about that formal stamp of approval. It’s the difference between a friend saying 'sure!' and a boss saying 'approved!' It carries a sense of officialdom and legitimacy.
The word 許可する is a compound verb, formed by combining the noun 許可 (kyoka) with the verb する (suru), which means 'to do.' The noun 許可 itself comes from Chinese characters. The first character, 許 (kyo), originally meant 'to allow' or 'to permit,' and its etymology traces back to ancient oracle bone script where it depicted a hand gesturing to allow something. It's related to concepts of 'approval' and 'permission.'
The second character, 可 (ka), means 'able,' 'possible,' or 'can.' When combined as 許可, it literally suggests 'being able to be permitted' or 'the possibility of allowance.' This combination strongly emphasizes the granting of approval or authorization.
The verb する (suru) is one of the most fundamental verbs in Japanese, acting as a light verb that allows nouns to function as verbs. By attaching する to 許可, the concept of 'permission' or 'approval' becomes an action. This structure is very common in Japanese, allowing for a vast vocabulary derived from Chinese loanwords (kango). The usage of 許可する has remained consistent over centuries, signifying formal allowance in administrative, legal, and business contexts.
許可する is primarily used in formal or semi-formal contexts. You wouldn't typically use it with close friends for everyday favors; for that, you might use simpler expressions like いいよ (ii yo - okay) or 大丈夫だよ (daijoubu da yo - it's alright). However, 許可する is perfect for official requests, business dealings, and administrative procedures.
Common collocations include:
- 許可証 (kyokasho): Permit or license. This is the physical document that grants permission.
- 許可を得る (kyoka o eru): To obtain permission. This phrase is very common when describing the process of getting approval.
- 許可を出す (kyoka o dasu): To issue permission. This is used by the person or entity granting the approval.
- 無許可 (mukyoka): Unlicensed or unauthorized. The opposite of having permission.
The register for 許可する is generally neutral to formal. It's appropriate in writing, official announcements, and business meetings. Using it in very casual conversation might sound a bit stiff, but it clearly conveys the meaning of official sanction. Think of it as the difference between 'Can I?' and 'May I have permission?'
While 許可する itself isn't typically part of many colorful idioms, the concept of permission and authorization is woven into various expressions. Here are a few related ideas:
- お墨付き（をもらう） (osumi-tsuki (o morau)): This literally means 'to receive an ink stamp' but idiomatically refers to receiving official endorsement or certification, essentially getting a high-level approval or guarantee. Example: その新しい技術は、著名な科学者からお墨付きをもらった。 (Sono atarashii gijutsu wa, chomei na kagakusha kara osumi-tsuki o moratta. - That new technology received endorsement from a famous scientist.)
- 太鼓判を押す (taiko-ban o osu): Similar to お墨付き, this means to give a strong guarantee or official approval, like stamping a drum ('taiko-ban'). It implies absolute confidence in the approval. Example: 社長がこの企画に太鼓判を押したので、プロジェクトは進むだろう。(Shachou ga kono kikaku ni taiko-ban o oshita node, purojekuto wa susumu darou. - Since the president gave his strong approval to this plan, the project will likely proceed.)
- 門前払い (monzen-barai): This means to be turned away at the door without even being heard or considered, the opposite of receiving permission. Example: 彼は何度も頼んだが、門前払いされた。(Kare wa nando mo tanonda ga, monzen-barai sareta. - He asked many times, but was turned away at the door.)
- 赤信号（を出す） (aka shingō (o dasu)): Literally 'to show a red signal,' this means to signal disapproval or to stop something, effectively denying permission. Example: 経済状況が悪いため、政府は大型投資に赤信号を出した。(Keizai jōkyō ga warui tame, seifu wa oogata tōshi ni aka shingō o dashita. - Due to the poor economic situation, the government signaled disapproval for large-scale investments.)
- ゴーサイン (gō sain): A direct loanword from English 'go sign,' this is used informally to mean permission to proceed. Example: ついに、上司からゴーサインが出た！(Tsui ni, joushi kara gō sain ga deta! - Finally, I got the go-ahead from my boss!)
許可する is a Group 3 verb (irregular verb) in Japanese, meaning its conjugation differs slightly from regular Group 1 or Group 2 verbs. The core structure is 'noun + する'.
Pronunciation:
- IPA (Tokyo Dialect): /kʲo̞kɯ̟ᵝa̠ ɰzɯ̟ᵝɾɯ̟ᵝ/
- Breakdown:
- きょ (kyo): The 'k' sound is slightly palatalized, followed by 'yo'.
- か (ka): Standard 'ka' sound.
- す (su): The 'u' vowel is often devoiced or reduced, especially between voiceless consonants or at the end of a phrase.
- る (ru): A tapped 'r' sound, similar to the 'tt' in 'butter' in American English, followed by a reduced 'u'.
Common Pronunciation Errors:
- Over-enunciating the 'u' in 'suru'.
- Confusing the 'kyo' sound with a simple 'ko'.
Rhyming Words:
- While direct rhymes are difficult due to the unique structure, words ending in '-suru' share a similar verb ending: 勉強する (benkyō suru - to study), 運転する (unten suru - to drive), 料理する (ryōri suru - to cook).
Verb Patterns:
- Te-form: 許可して (kyoka shite) - Used for requests (許可してください - kyoka shite kudasai) or connecting clauses.
- Ta-form: 許可した (kyoka shita) - Past tense.
- Potential form: 許可できる (kyoka dekiru) - Can permit.
- Volitional form: 許可しよう (kyoka shiyō) - Let's permit.
- Passive form: 許可される (kyoka sareru) - To be permitted.
- Causative form: 許可させる (kyoka saseru) - To make someone permit.
Fun Fact
The character 許 itself has a complex history, evolving from depictions of hands gesturing to allow something, highlighting the ancient human need for clear rules and permissions.
Pronunciation Guide
Sounds like 'KYO-ka SOO-roo', with the 'u' in 'suru' being very light or almost silent.
Sounds like 'kyoh-KAH SOO-roo', with a clear 'oo' sound in 'suru' and a tapped 'r'.
Common Errors
- Pronouncing 'kyo' as 'ko'.
- Over-emphasizing the 'u' sound in 'suru'.
- Not distinguishing the palatalized 'ky' sound clearly.
Rhymes With
Difficulty Rating
Requires understanding formal contexts and kanji.
Conjugation and appropriate usage in formal settings can be challenging.
Register and formality need careful consideration.
Often heard in formal announcements or official dialogues.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Noun + する Verbs
許可 + する = 許可する
Passive Voice (Potential)
許可される (to be permitted)
Request Forms
許可してください (kyoka shite kudasai)
Examples by Level
私に本を貸して<strong>許可する</strong>？
Me book lend permit?
Using 許可する in a question.
はい、<strong>許可する</strong>。
Yes, permit.
Simple affirmative response.
犬が公園を走る<strong>許可する</strong>。
Dog park run permit.
Subject + Object + Verb structure.
先生は私に早く帰る<strong>許可する</strong>。
Teacher me early go home permit.
Indirect object marker 'ni'.
これは<strong>許可する</strong>？
This permit?
Asking about permission for an object.
いいえ、<strong>許可しない</strong>。
No, not permit.
Negative form 'shinai'.
会議室を使う<strong>許可する</strong>。
Meeting room use permit.
Verb + 'koto' implied structure.
父は私にゲームを<strong>許可する</strong>。
Father me game permit.
Direct object marker 'o'.
この部屋でタバコを吸うことは<strong>許可されていません</strong>。
This room smoke is not permitted.
Passive form 'sarete imasen'.
部長は新しいプロジェクトを<strong>許可しました</strong>。
Manager new project permitted.
Past tense 'shimashita'.
入場にはチケットの<strong>許可が必要</strong>です。
Entry ticket permission necessary.
Noun + 'hitsuyou' (necessary).
私たちは、イベント開催の<strong>許可を得ました</strong>。
We event holding permission obtained.
Phrase 'kyoka o emashita' (obtained permission).
彼は、海外での研究活動を<strong>許可された</strong>。
He overseas research activities permitted.
Passive voice 'sareta'.
この地域では、深夜の騒音は<strong>許可されない</strong>。
This area late-night noise permitted not.
Negative potential form 'sarenai'.
学校は校庭での携帯電話の使用を<strong>許可していません</strong>。
School grounds mobile phone use permitting not.
Present continuous negative 'shite imasen'.
申請が承認されれば、建設を<strong>許可する</strong>ことができます。
Application approved if, construction permit can.
Potential form 'suru koto ga dekiru'.
政府は、新しい化学物質の製造を<strong>許可する</strong>ためのガイドラインを発表しました。
Government new chemical substance manufacturing permit guidelines announced.
Formal announcement context.
この博物館では、写真撮影が<strong>許可されています</strong>が、フラッシュは禁止です。
This museum photography permitted, but flash prohibited.
Present passive continuous 'sarete imasu'.
会社の規則では、従業員が個人的なプロジェクトを行うことを<strong>許可していません</strong>。
Company rules employees personal projects doing permit not.
Expressing prohibition based on rules.
彼は、長年の努力の末、ついに独立して事業を<strong>営む許可を得た</strong>。
He long years effort end, finally independently business conduct permission obtained.
Emphasizing the effort to obtain permission.
無<strong>許可</strong>での駐車は、罰金の対象となります。
Without permission parking, fine subject becomes.
Using the noun 'mukyoka' (unauthorized).
その地域への立ち入りは、特別な<strong>許可が必要</strong>です。
That area entry, special permission necessary.
Highlighting the need for specific permission.
上司は、私がリモートワークに切り替えることを<strong>許可してくれた</strong>。
Boss I remote work switch permit gave.
Expressing gratitude for permission granted.
このソフトウェアは、個人的な使用目的に限り<strong>許可されています</strong>。
This software personal usage purposes only permitted.
Specifying the scope of permission.
大学当局は、学内での政治集会の開催を<strong>許可しない</strong>方針を固めた。
University authorities, within campus political rallies holding permit not policy decided.
Formal decision-making context.
建築基準法に基づき、この増築計画は<strong>許可される</strong>見込みです。
Building standards law based on, this extension plan permitted expected.
Legal and regulatory context.
彼は、長年の研究の成果を基に、画期的な発明の特許<strong>許可を得た</strong>。
He long years research results basis, groundbreaking invention patent permission obtained.
Formal achievement involving authorization.
その団体は、文化財保護の観点から、遺跡での発掘調査を<strong>許可する</strong>よう申請した。
That organization, cultural property protection viewpoint, ruins excavation survey permit request submitted.
Formal application for authorization.
無<strong>許可</strong>でのコンテンツの複製および配布は、著作権侵害にあたります。
Without permission content duplication and distribution, copyright infringement constitutes.
Legal consequence of lacking authorization.
厳格な安全基準を満たした場合にのみ、危険物の取り扱いが<strong>許可される</strong>。
Strict safety standards met when only, hazardous materials handling permitted.
Conditional permission based on strict criteria.
彼女は、その希少な植物の種子を国外に持ち出す<strong>許可を得る</strong>ために、数ヶ月を費やした。
She that rare plant seeds abroad take out permission obtain, several months spent.
Highlighting the difficulty and time involved in obtaining permits.
このシステムは、管理者の承認を経て初めて、機密情報へのアクセスを<strong>許可する</strong>ように設計されている。
This system, administrator approval through only, confidential information access permit designed.
Technical design for controlled authorization.
規制当局は、その新薬の臨床試験における使用を<strong>許可する</strong>かどうかの最終決定を下す予定だ。
Regulatory authorities, that new drug clinical trials usage permit whether final decision make plan.
Formal decision-making by regulatory bodies.
文化交流協定に基づき、両国間での芸術作品の相互貸与が<strong>許可される</strong>ことになった。
Cultural exchange agreement based on, between both countries artworks mutual loan permitted became.
International agreements and cultural exchange.
彼の研究は、従来の学説に疑問を投げかけるものであったため、当初は学会からの<strong>許可を得る</strong>のに苦労した。
His research, conventional theories question throws was, initially academic society from permission obtain struggle.
Academic resistance to new ideas.
企業は、環境アセスメントの結果が良好であれば、大規模な開発プロジェクトを<strong>許可する</strong>ことができる。
Corporations, environmental assessment results good if, large-scale development projects permit can.
Corporate decision-making influenced by environmental factors.
無<strong>許可</strong>での個人情報の収集・利用は、プライバシー保護の観点から厳しく禁じられている。
Without permission personal information collection/use, privacy protection viewpoint strictly prohibited.
Legal implications of unauthorized data handling.
この特殊な状況下では、例外的な措置として、通常は<strong>許可されない</strong>行為が一時的に認められる。
This special circumstances under, exceptional measures as, usually permitted not actions temporarily recognized.
Temporary allowance of normally prohibited actions.
政府は、国民の安全を最優先事項とし、テロの脅威に対抗するため、監視体制の強化を<strong>許可せざるを得なかった</strong>。
Government, citizens' safety top priority, terror threats counter, surveillance system strengthening permit unavoidable.
Compelled authorization due to security threats.
この芸術作品は、その前衛的な表現ゆえに、公開当時は多くの論争を巻き起こし、展示の<strong>許可</strong>を得るまでに時間を要した。
This artwork, its avant-garde expression due to, public release time many controversies caused, exhibition permission obtain until time required.
Artistic expression and public acceptance challenges.
当該法域における薬物規制の緩和は、公衆衛生への潜在的影響を慎重に評価した上で、限定的な条件下でのみ<strong>許可される</strong>見通しである。
Said jurisdiction drug regulations easing, public health potential impact carefully assessed upon, limited conditions under only permitted prospect is.
Complex legal and public health analysis.
歴史的建造物の保存と再利用のバランスを取るため、専門家委員会は、現代的な改修を加えることを<strong>許可する</strong>一方で、その構造的完全性を維持することを義務付けた。
Historic building preservation and reuse balance strike, expert committee, modern renovations add permit while, its structural integrity maintain obligated.
Balancing preservation with modernization.
彼の論文は、既存のパラダイムを覆すものであったため、査読プロセスは異例の厳格さを伴い、最終的な出版の<strong>許可</strong>は、広範な議論の末に与えられた。
His thesis, existing paradigms overturn was, peer review process exceptional rigor accompanied, final publication permission, extensive debate after given.
Rigorous academic validation process.
国際的な人道支援活動においては、現地の治安状況や政治的配慮から、活動範囲の拡大が<strong>許可されない</strong>場合も少なくない。
International humanitarian aid activities, local security situation and political considerations from, operational area expansion permitted not cases many.
Geopolitical constraints on humanitarian efforts.
著作権法は、原著作者の明確な<strong>許可なく</strong>して、作品の二次的利用を禁じている。
Copyright law, original author explicit permission without, work derivative use prohibits.
Strict legal prohibition without explicit consent.
危機管理の観点から、最高司令官は、敵対勢力に対する先制攻撃の実行を<strong>許可せざるを得ない</strong>状況に追い込まれた。
Crisis management viewpoint, supreme commander, hostile forces preemptive strike execution permit unavoidable situation cornered.
Compelled authorization in extreme security scenarios.
その芸術家は、伝統的な技法に革新的な解釈を加えることで、従来は<strong>許可されなかった</strong>表現形式を確立し、新たな芸術運動の先駆けとなった。
That artist, traditional techniques innovative interpretation adding, conventionally permitted not expression forms established, new art movement pioneer became.
Establishing new forms through reinterpretation.
連邦政府は、州政府の要請に対し、自然災害時の緊急物資輸送ルートの確保を<strong>許可する</strong>ことで、迅速な対応を可能にした。
Federal government, state government requests, natural disaster emergency supply transport routes securing permit, swift response enabled.
Intergovernmental cooperation during emergencies.
Common Collocations
Idioms & Expressions
"お墨付き（をもらう）"
To receive official endorsement or certification; to get high-level approval.
その革新的な技術は、著名な専門家から<strong>お墨付きをもらった</strong>。(Sono kakushinteki na gijutsu wa, chomei na senmonka kara <strong>osumi-tsuki o moratta</strong>. - That innovative technology received endorsement from a famous expert.)
formal"太鼓判を押す"
To give a strong guarantee or official approval; to vouch for something.
社長がこの新製品に<strong>太鼓判を押した</strong>ので、市場で成功するだろう。(Shachō ga kono shinseihin ni <strong>taiko-ban o oshita</strong> node, shijō de seikō suru darō. - Since the president gave his strong approval to this new product, it will likely succeed in the market.)
formal"門前払い"
To be turned away at the door without being heard or considered; outright rejection.
彼は何度も頼んだが、担当者から<strong>門前払い</strong>された。(Kare wa nando mo tanonda ga, tantōsha kara <strong>monzen-barai</strong> sareta. - He asked many times, but was turned away by the person in charge.)
neutral"赤信号（を出す）"
To signal disapproval or to stop something; to deny permission.
政府は、経済状況の悪化を受けて、大型プロジェクトに<strong>赤信号を出した</strong>。(Seifu wa, keizai jōkyō no akka o ukete, oogata purojekuto ni <strong>aka shingō o dashita</strong>. - The government signaled disapproval for the large-scale project due to the worsening economic situation.)
neutral"ゴーサイン"
Permission to proceed; a 'go-ahead'. (Loanword)
ついに、上司からプロジェクト続行の<strong>ゴーサインが出た</strong>！(Tsui ni, jōshi kara purojekuto zokkō no <strong>gō sain ga deta</strong>! - Finally, I got the go-ahead from my boss to continue the project!)
casual"お眼鏡にかなう"
To meet someone's expectations or approval; to be favored by someone important.
彼の才能は、有名な監督の<strong>お眼鏡にかなった</strong>。(Kare no sainō wa, yūmei na kantoku no <strong>omegane ni kanatta</strong>. - His talent met the expectations of the famous director.)
formalEasily Confused
Both words use the kanji 許 and relate to allowing something.
許可する is formal permission/authorization. 許す is forgiving, pardoning, or allowing in a more general or personal sense.
彼は間違いを<strong>許可した</strong>。(Incorrect - should be 許した - He forgave the mistake.) vs. 彼は入国を<strong>許可した</strong>。(Correct - He authorized entry.)
Both mean to approve or recognize.
承認する often implies official endorsement or validation after review, very close to 許可する. 許可する can sometimes be broader, simply granting permission.
計画は<strong>承認された</strong>。(Keikaku wa <strong>shōnin sareta</strong>. - The plan was approved/recognized.) vs. 計画の実行を<strong>許可した</strong>。(Keikaku no jikkō o <strong>kyoka shita</strong>. - Permitted the execution of the plan.)
Can mean to approve or acknowledge.
認める is broader; it can mean to acknowledge, recognize, or accept, and sometimes approve, but often less formally than 許可する.
彼の意見を<strong>認めた</strong>。(Kare no iken o <strong>mitometa</strong>. - I acknowledged/accepted his opinion.) vs. 彼の計画を<strong>許可した</strong>。(Kare no keikaku o <strong>kyoka shita</strong>. - I permitted his plan.)
Both relate to making something possible or allowing it.
可能にする means 'to make possible' or 'enable'. 許可する specifically means to grant permission or authorize.
この道具は作業を<strong>可能にする</strong>。(Kono dōgu wa sagyō o <strong>kanō ni suru</strong>. - This tool enables the work.) vs. この道具の使用を<strong>許可する</strong>。(Kono dōgu no shiyō o <strong>kyoka suru</strong>. - Permit the use of this tool.)
Sentence Patterns
Subject + は/が + Object + を + 許可する。
会社は、従業員の早退を<strong>許可した</strong>。(Kaisha wa, jūgyōin no sōtai o <strong>kyoka shita</strong>.)
Subject + は/が + Noun + を + 許可する。
政府は、新しい薬の販売を<strong>許可した</strong>。(Seifu wa, atarashii kusuri no hanbai o <strong>kyoka shita</strong>.)
Subject + は/が + Verb (dictionary form) + こと + を + 許可する。
先生は、生徒が質問すること<strong>を許可した</strong>。(Sensei wa, seito ga shitsumon suru koto <strong>o kyoka shita</strong>.)
Subject + は/が + Verb (te-form) + ください。
この書類にサイン<strong>してください</strong>。(Kono shorui ni sain <strong>shite kudasai</strong>.) - Implies seeking permission implicitly.
Noun + が + 必要です / Subject + は + Noun + を + 許可する。
この建物に入るには、<strong>許可証</strong>が必要です。(Kono tatemono ni hairu ni wa, <strong>kyokashō</strong> ga hitsuyō desu.)
Word Family
Nouns
Verbs
Related
How to Use It
Formality Scale
Common Mistakes
許可する sounds too formal and stiff for everyday interactions with friends or family.
While both use the kanji 許, their meanings and usage are distinct. 許す is used for pardoning mistakes or wrongdoings.
As an irregular verb, learners might mistakenly conjugate it like a regular verb.
For example, 'Smoking is not permitted here' should be 喫煙は<strong>許可されていません</strong> (kitsuen wa <strong>kyoka sarete imasen</strong>), not 喫煙を許可しません (kitsuen o kyoka shimasen).
While 許可 is a noun, the action of permitting is expressed by the verb 許可する.
Tips
Key + Car = Permission
Remember 'KYO' sounds like 'key' and 'ka' sounds like 'car'. You need a 'key' to get your 'car' <strong>permitted</strong> for the road. This helps link 許可する to the idea of official allowance.
Formal vs. Casual
Think of 許可する as the 'official stamp'. For friends, use 'いいよ' (ii yo) or '大丈夫' (daijoubu). For business or official matters, 許可する is your go-to verb.
Respect Through Permission
In Japan, asking for and receiving permission shows respect for rules and hierarchy. Using 許可する correctly demonstrates your understanding of social etiquette.
Noun + する = Verb
Many Japanese verbs are formed by adding する (suru) to a noun. Remember 許可 (kyoka - permission) + する = 許可する (kyoka suru - to permit).
Light 'U' Sound
Pay attention to the 'u' sound in 'suru'. In many contexts, it's very light or almost silent, especially between voiceless sounds. Aim for 'sroo' rather than a hard 'soo-roo'.
Don't Confuse with 'Forgive'
Remember: 許可する (kyoka suru) = permit/approve. 許す (yurusu) = forgive/pardon. They look similar but have different meanings and uses.
Ancient Roots of Approval
The character 許 has ancient origins showing hands allowing something, highlighting that the concept of formal permission is deeply ingrained in human society.
Contextual Flashcards
Create flashcards with example sentences for 許可する. Include the context (e.g., 'Applying for a visa', 'Company policy') to better understand its usage.
Phrases are Key
Learn common collocations like 許可を得る (to obtain permission) and 許可を出す (to issue permission). These fixed phrases make usage much easier.
Passive Voice Power
The passive form 許可される (kyoka sareru - to be permitted) is very common, especially in official notices and rules. Practice using it!
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Think of 'KYO' like 'key O' (open) and 'ka' like 'car'. You need a 'key O' to get your 'car' <strong>permitted</strong> to drive on the road.
Visual Association
Imagine a stern official stamping a document with a large red stamp that says 'APPROVED' (許可).
Word Web
Challenge
Try to use 許可する in a sentence where you are asking for permission for something hypothetical, like 'If I had time, I would ask the teacher for <strong>permission</strong> (許可) to use the library.'
Word Origin
Japanese (derived from Chinese characters)
Original meaning: The combination 許 (allow) + 可 (possible) implies 'possible to allow' or 'able to be permitted'.
Cultural Context
The concept of permission is crucial in Japanese culture, reflecting a hierarchical social structure and a strong emphasis on rules and order. Seeking and granting permission appropriately is a sign of respect and adherence to social norms.
In English-speaking cultures, permission is often sought and granted through various phrases like 'May I?', 'Can I?', 'Is it okay?', 'Approved', 'Authorized'. The formality varies greatly depending on the context.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
At Work/Office
- 休暇の<strong>許可を得る</strong> (kyūka no <strong>kyoka o eru</strong>) - Obtain permission for leave
- プロジェクトの<strong>許可を出す</strong> (purojekuto no <strong>kyoka o dasu</strong>) - Issue permission for a project
- 残業<strong>許可証</strong> (zangyō <strong>kyokashō</strong>) - Overtime permit
Government/Official Settings
- 建築<strong>許可証</strong> (kenchiku <strong>kyokashō</strong>) - Building permit
- 営業<strong>許可</strong> (eigyō <strong>kyoka</strong>) - Business license/permission
- <strong>許可なく</strong>立ち入り禁止 (<strong>mukyoka</strong> de tachiiri kinshi) - Entry prohibited without permission
Travel/Entry
- ビザの<strong>許可</strong> (biza no <strong>kyoka</strong>) - Visa approval
- 入国<strong>許可</strong> (nyūkoku <strong>kyoka</strong>) - Entry permission
- <strong>許可なく</strong>撮影しないでください (<strong>kyoka naku</strong> satsuei shinaide kudasai) - Please do not photograph without permission
Daily Life Requests
- これを借りる<strong>許可</strong>をいただけますか？ (Kore o kariru <strong>kyoka</strong> o itadakemasu ka? - Could I have permission to borrow this?)
- 使用<strong>許可</strong> (shiyō <strong>kyoka</strong>) - Permission for use
Conversation Starters
"If you could get permission for anything, what would it be and why?"
"Have you ever had to get a special permit or authorization for something? What was it for?"
"What's the difference between a friend saying 'yes' and an official saying 'permitted'?"
"Imagine you're a city planner. What kind of projects would you need to permit?"
"What happens when something is done without permission (無許可)?"
Journal Prompts
Describe a time you needed to ask for permission for something important. What was the process like?
Think about a situation where permission was denied. How did you feel, and what did you do next?
Write about the importance of rules and permissions in society. What would happen if there were no official authorizations?
Imagine you have the power to permit anything for one day. What would you allow?
Frequently Asked Questions
8 questions許可する (kyoka suru) means to grant official permission, approval, or authorization, typically in formal contexts. 許す (yurusu) means to forgive, pardon, or allow something less formally, often related to mistakes or personal matters.
Use 許可する when you need to express formal permission, authorization, or approval in situations like applying for licenses, getting official consent for projects, or when an authority grants leave.
許可する is a verb. The noun form is 許可 (kyoka), meaning 'permission' or 'approval'.
It's generally too formal for casual interactions with friends. Use simpler expressions like 「いいよ」 (ii yo - okay) or 「大丈夫だよ」 (daijoubu da yo - it's alright).
The most direct antonym is 禁止する (kinshi suru), meaning 'to prohibit' or 'to ban'. Other related antonyms include 拒否する (kyohi suru - to refuse) and 差し止める (sashitomeru - to stop/prevent).
The common phrase is 許可を得る (kyoka o eru). For example, 'I need to obtain permission' is 「許可を得る必要があります」 (kyoka o eru hitsuyou ga arimasu).
無許可 (mukyoka) is the opposite of having permission. It means 'unauthorized', 'unlicensed', or 'without permission'.
It is used in both, but it is more common and appropriate in written Japanese and in formal spoken situations like business meetings or official announcements. In casual conversation, less formal alternatives are preferred.
Test Yourself
先生、今、トイレに行ってもいいですか？______ください。
The student is asking for permission, so 'please permit me' (許可してください) is the correct phrase.
「この写真、SNSに載せてもいい？」と友達に聞きました。友達が「いいよ」と言いました。これは友達があなたの写真掲載を ______ したということです。
When a friend says 'Okay, you can,' they are giving permission (許可した).
「許可する」は、カジュアルな場面で親しい友人に使うのに適しています。
「許可する」 is a formal verb. For casual situations, use simpler words like 「いいよ」 or 「大丈夫」.
Word
Meaning
These are common phrases and related terms associated with '許可する'.
次の単語を並べ替えて、意味の通る文を作ってください：許可、得る、プロジェクト、この、ために、必要、です、承認、の。
The sentence means 'To proceed with this project, obtaining approval/permission is necessary.'
この地域では、夜10時以降の騒音は ______ されています。
The context implies a prohibition, so 'prohibited' (禁止されている) is the correct term.
「彼は、長年の努力の末、ついに独立して事業を営む許可を得た。」この文脈での「許可を得た」に最も近い意味を持つのはどれですか？
「許可を得た」 in this formal context means to gain official approval or authorization to run a business.
規制当局は、その新薬の臨床試験における使用を ______ かどうかの最終決定を下す予定だ。
The sentence discusses a decision by regulatory authorities regarding the use of a new drug, requiring the verb for 'to permit' or 'to authorize'.
著作権法は、原著作者の明確な ______ なくして、作品の二次的利用を禁じている。
The phrase 'without clear ______ of the original author' requires the noun 'permission' (許可).
以下の文脈で「許可する」が最も適切に使われているのはどれですか？
Option B describes a formal governmental decision to authorize the import of a substance, fitting the formal register of 許可する. Options A and C are too casual, and D uses the wrong verb (許可する is not for mistakes).
Score: /10
Summary
許可する is your go-to verb for official 'go-aheads' in Japanese, signifying formal approval or authorization.
- <strong>許可する (kyoka suru)</strong> means to permit, approve, or authorize.
- It's a formal verb used in official, business, or legal contexts.
- Common phrases include 許可を得る (obtain permission) and 許可を出す (issue permission).
- Avoid using it in casual conversation with friends.
Key + Car = Permission
Remember 'KYO' sounds like 'key' and 'ka' sounds like 'car'. You need a 'key' to get your 'car' <strong>permitted</strong> for the road. This helps link 許可する to the idea of official allowance.
Formal vs. Casual
Think of 許可する as the 'official stamp'. For friends, use 'いいよ' (ii yo) or '大丈夫' (daijoubu). For business or official matters, 許可する is your go-to verb.
Respect Through Permission
In Japan, asking for and receiving permission shows respect for rules and hierarchy. Using 許可する correctly demonstrates your understanding of social etiquette.
Noun + する = Verb
Many Japanese verbs are formed by adding する (suru) to a noun. Remember 許可 (kyoka - permission) + する = 許可する (kyoka suru - to permit).
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
More general words
いくつか
B1An unspecified small number of things; some, a few.
ちょっと
A2A little; a moment; a bit. Small amount or short time.
すこし
A2A little; a few.
さっき
A2A little while ago; a short time past.
能力
A1Nouryoku refers to the mental or physical power, skill, or capacity required to perform a specific task or function. It can describe both innate talent and skills acquired through learning and practice.
異常
A1A word used to describe something that deviates from the normal state, standard, or expected pattern. It often implies a problem, malfunction, or an extraordinary occurrence that requires attention or investigation.
～について
A2About, concerning; indicates topic.
〜について
B1About, concerning; on the subject of.
～ぐらい
A2about, approximately
ぐらい
A2About; approximately; to the extent of.
