When we talk about 'to be' or 'to exist' in Korean, we usually use 있다 (itta). But in Korean culture, it's very important to show respect to elders or people of higher status. This is where 계시다 (gyesida) comes in. It's the honorific version of 있다.
Think of it like saying 'reside' or 'be present' instead of just 'be' when you're talking about someone important in English. You use 계시다 to politely refer to the presence or existence of someone you need to show respect to, like your grandparents, a teacher, or a boss.
You would never use 계시다 to talk about yourself or someone younger or of lower status. It's always used for someone you want to honor. This is a fundamental part of polite Korean communication.
So, instead of saying 할머니가 집에 있어요 (halmeoniga jibe isseoyo) meaning 'Grandma is at home,' you would say 할머니가 집에 계세요 (halmeoniga jibe gyeseyo) to show proper respect.
When we talk about someone in a higher position than us, like a teacher, a boss, or an elder, we use honorifics to show respect. 계시다 (gyeshida) is the honorific form of 있다 (itda), which means 'to be' or 'to exist'.
For example, instead of saying 선생님은 교실에 있어요 (seonsaengnim-eun gyoshil-e isseoyo - The teacher is in the classroom), you would say 선생님은 교실에 계세요 (seonsaengnim-eun gyoshil-e gyeseyo).
You also use this honorific form when referring to an object that belongs to an honored person. For instance, if your teacher has a book, you might say 선생님 책이 계세요 (seonsaengnim chaek-i gyeseyo) instead of 있어요.
So, 계시다 is not just about showing respect to the person themselves, but also to their possessions or anything associated with them. It’s an essential part of polite Korean conversation.
When talking about people who deserve respect, like elders or teachers, you use the honorific verb 계시다 (gyeshida) instead of 있다 (itda). Both mean 'to be' or 'to exist', but 계시다 shows politeness and deference. You'll often hear it when asking if someone is home or in the office. For example, instead of asking '선생님 있어요?' (Is the teacher here?), you would ask '선생님 계세요?' (Is the teacher here? - honorific). This demonstrates good manners in Korean culture.
When we talk about someone in a higher position than ourselves, such as a teacher, a boss, or an elderly person, we use the honorific verb 계시다 instead of 있다. This verb shows respect towards the subject of the sentence.
For example, instead of saying 선생님이 교실에 있어요 (Teacher is in the classroom), you would say 선생님이 교실에 계세요. It's a way to acknowledge their status through your language.
It's very important to use honorifics correctly in Korean, and 계시다 is a fundamental part of showing politeness and respect in many social situations.
계시다 in 30 Seconds
- Honorific version of 있다 (to be/exist)
- Used for people deserving respect
- Indicates presence or location
§ How to use 계시다 in sentences
The Korean verb 계시다 (gye-si-da) is the honorific form of 있다 (it-da), meaning "to be" or "to exist." You use 계시다 when talking about someone older or in a higher social position than you, showing respect. This is a fundamental part of polite Korean conversation.
§ Basic sentence structure with 계시다
When using 계시다, the sentence structure is similar to using 있다. The subject is usually marked with the subject particles -이/-가 (i/ga) or the honorific subject particle -께서 (kke-seo). The location is marked with -에 (e) or -에서 (e-seo).
§ Conjugation of 계시다
Like all Korean verbs, 계시다 needs to be conjugated. Here are the most common forms:
- Present Tense (Polite)
- 계세요 (gye-se-yo) - This is the most common and polite way to say "is/are" honorifically in daily conversation.
- Present Tense (Formal)
- 계십니다 (gye-sim-ni-da) - Used in more formal settings, like presentations or news reports.
- Past Tense (Polite)
- 계셨어요 (gye-syeo-sseo-yo) - "Was/were" honorifically.
- Future Tense (Polite)
- 계실 거예요 (gye-sil geo-ye-yo) - "Will be" honorifically.
§ Examples with 계시다
Let's look at some practical examples to see 계시다 in action:
When talking about someone's location:
할머니께서 집에 계세요.
- Hint
- Grandma is at home.
선생님은 사무실에 계십니다.
- Hint
- The teacher is in the office.
When asking about someone's presence:
사장님, 지금 어디에 계세요?
- Hint
- Boss, where are you now?
When referring to a past situation:
어제 할아버지께서 병원에 계셨어요.
- Hint
- Grandfather was at the hospital yesterday.
When talking about a future situation:
부모님께서는 다음 주에 한국에 계실 거예요.
- Hint
- Parents will be in Korea next week.
§ Common mistakes to avoid
Do not use 계시다 for yourself or people younger/lower in status than you. Use 있다 instead.
저는 집에 있어요. (Correct: I am at home.)
저는 집에 계세요.(Incorrect)Make sure to use the correct subject particle. For honorific subjects, -께서 is often preferred over -이/-가 to add another layer of respect.
할아버지께서 방에 계세요. (Correct: Grandfather is in the room.)
할아버지가 방에 계세요. (Also grammatically correct but less honorific than with -께서)
Mastering 계시다 is a key step in speaking polite and natural Korean. Practice these examples and pay attention to who you are speaking about!
Pronunciation Guide
- often mispronounced with a hard 'g' sound instead of a soft 'k' sound
Examples by Level
선생님은 지금 교실에 계세요.
The teacher is in the classroom now.
할머니는 집에 계십니다.
Grandmother is at home.
부모님은 어디에 계세요?
Where are your parents?
사장님은 사무실에 안 계세요.
The boss is not in the office.
아버지는 회사에 계십니다.
Father is at the company.
손님은 저기 계세요.
The guest is over there.
어머니는 부엌에 계세요.
Mother is in the kitchen.
교수님은 연구실에 계십니까?
Is the professor in the lab?
선생님, 지금 어디에 계세요?
Teacher, where are you (honorific) now?
Used when asking about a teacher's location, showing respect.
할머니께서는 집에 계십니다.
Grandmother is (honorific) at home.
Used to describe an elder's presence, indicating respect.
사장님은 회의실에 계세요.
The boss is (honorific) in the meeting room.
Used for someone in a higher position, like a boss.
부모님은 한국에 계세요.
My parents are (honorific) in Korea.
Used when referring to parents, as a sign of respect.
그분은 지금 자리에 안 계세요.
He/She is not (honorific) at his/her seat right now.
Used to politely state someone's absence, especially for an elder or superior.
도서관에 교수님이 계신가요?
Is the professor (honorific) at the library?
Used when inquiring about a professor's presence, showing respect.
손님, 편하게 계세요.
Guest, please be (honorific) comfortable.
Used to politely ask a guest to make themselves comfortable.
이 분이 제 어머니세요. 지금은 제주도에 계세요.
This is my mother (honorific). She is (honorific) in Jeju Island now.
Used when introducing one's mother and stating her location.
할아버지, 안녕하세요? 집에 계세요?
Grandfather, hello? Are you at home?
선생님은 지금 회의실에 계십니다.
The teacher is currently in the meeting room.
사장님께서는 아직 사무실에 계신가요?
Is the CEO still in the office?
부모님께서는 주말에 시골에 계세요.
My parents are in the countryside on the weekend.
손님 여러분, 잠시 자리에 계셔 주십시오.
Guests, please remain in your seats for a moment.
저희 할머니는 건강하게 계십니다.
My grandmother is doing well (is healthy).
김 교수님은 현재 해외에 계신다고 들었습니다.
I heard Professor Kim is currently overseas.
여기 계신 분들 모두에게 감사드립니다.
Thank you to everyone who is here.
저희 할아버지께서는 항상 그 의자에 앉아 계세요.
My grandfather always sits in that chair.
선생님은 지금 회의실에 계십니다.
The teacher is currently in the meeting room.
어머님께서는 부엌에서 요리하고 계세요.
My mother is cooking in the kitchen.
사장님은 아직 사무실에 계신가요?
Is the CEO still in the office?
할머니께서는 마당에서 꽃을 보고 계셨어요.
My grandmother was looking at the flowers in the yard.
어르신들께서는 공원에서 산책하고 계십니다.
The elders are taking a walk in the park.
부모님께서는 주말에 집에 계실 예정입니다.
My parents will be home on the weekend.
교수님은 연구실에서 책을 읽고 계셨습니다.
The professor was reading a book in the research lab.
저희 할아버지께서는 지금 서재에 계십니다.
My grandfather is currently in his study.
Used to show respect to the grandfather.
선생님께서는 아직 학교에 계시는지 궁금합니다.
I wonder if the teacher is still at school.
Applies honorifics to 'teacher'.
손님 여러분, 잠시만 자리에 계셔 주십시오.
Guests, please remain in your seats for a moment.
A polite request to guests.
어머니께서는 항상 제 곁에 계셔 주셨습니다.
My mother has always been by my side.
Shows respect and gratitude towards the mother.
이사님께서는 회의실에서 기다리고 계십니다.
The director is waiting in the meeting room.
Honorifics applied to 'director'.
할머니께서는 어제부터 편찮으셔서 집에만 계세요.
Grandmother has been ill since yesterday, so she is only staying at home.
Indicates respect and concern for grandmother's condition.
사장님께서는 지금 출장 중이셔서 자리에 안 계십니다.
The CEO is currently on a business trip, so he is not in his seat.
Shows respect to the CEO, indicating absence.
부모님께서는 여전히 건강하게 함께 계십니다.
My parents are still healthy and together.
Used to show ongoing respect for parents' well-being.
저희 할아버지께서는 지금 서재에 계십니다.
My grandfather is currently in his study.
Here, '계십니다' shows respect to the grandfather, replacing '있습니다'.
선생님, 오늘 회의에 계실 예정이신가요?
Teacher, will you be present at today's meeting?
'계실 예정이신가요?' is a polite way to ask about someone's presence at a future event.
사장님께서는 잠시 외출 중이시고, 곧 돌아오실 겁니다.
The CEO is out for a moment and will be back soon.
While '계시다' isn't used directly here, '외출 중이시고' (honorific for 'out') implies that the CEO 'is' out.
부모님께서는 항상 저의 곁에 계셨습니다.
My parents were always by my side.
'계셨습니다' is the past tense honorific form, showing respect for parents' past presence.
할머니께서는 평생 이 마을에서 계셨다고 합니다.
Grandmother is said to have lived in this village her whole life.
'계셨다고 합니다' implies a respectful narration of someone's past long-term presence/residence.
사장님, 이 서류는 어디에 계신가요?
CEO, where are these documents?
This is a respectful way of asking about the location of something in possession or relevant to someone of higher status, using '계시다' for the object implicitly related to the respected person.
어머니께서는 주말마다 성당에 계십니다.
My mother is at church every weekend.
'계십니다' indicates the mother's regular presence at a place, showing respect.
교수님께서는 지금 연구실에 계신다고 비서가 알려주었습니다.
The secretary informed me that the professor is in the lab now.
'계신다고' is the honorific indirect reported speech form, indicating the professor's current location respectfully.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
지금 어디에 계세요?
Where are you (honorific) now?
부모님은 잘 계세요?
Are your parents (honorific) doing well?
선생님은 교실에 계십니다.
The teacher (honorific) is in the classroom.
할머니는 집에 계세요.
Grandmother (honorific) is at home.
손님이 와 계십니다.
A guest (honorific) has arrived.
사장님은 회의 중이십니다.
The boss (honorific) is in a meeting.
저희 교수님은 사무실에 계세요.
Our professor (honorific) is in the office.
어르신, 안녕히 계세요.
Elder (honorific), goodbye (stay well).
그분이 아직 여기 계세요?
Is that person (honorific) still here?
할아버지께서 건강하게 계십니다.
Grandfather (honorific) is in good health.
Often Confused With
'있다' is the plain form of 'to be/exist'. '계시다' is its honorific counterpart.
'주다' is the plain form of 'to give'. '드리다' is its honorific counterpart.
'말하다' is the plain form of 'to speak'. '말씀하시다' is its honorific counterpart (when the respected person is speaking).
Grammar Patterns
Idioms & Expressions
"안녕히 계세요"
Goodbye (said by someone leaving to someone staying)
저는 이제 가야 해요. 안녕히 계세요! (I have to go now. Goodbye!)
neutral"어디에 계세요?"
Where are you? (honorific)
선생님, 지금 어디에 계세요? (Teacher, where are you right now?)
formal"건강하게 계세요"
Stay healthy (honorific)
할머니, 항상 건강하게 계세요. (Grandma, please always stay healthy.)
formal"편안히 계세요"
Please be comfortable (honorific)
손님, 편안히 계세요. (Guest, please be comfortable.)
formal"자리에 계세요"
Please stay in your seat (honorific)
잠시만 자리에 계세요. 제가 곧 돌아올게요. (Please stay in your seat for a moment. I'll be back soon.)
neutral"잘 계셨어요?"
Have you been well? (honorific)
오랜만에 뵙습니다. 잘 계셨어요? (It's been a long time. Have you been well?)
formal"계신가요?"
Are you there? / Is he/she there? (honorific)
김 선생님 계신가요? (Is Mr. Kim there?)
formal"댁에 계세요?"
Are you at home? (honorific)
지금 댁에 계세요? 방문해도 될까요? (Are you at home now? Can I visit?)
formal"조용히 계세요"
Please be quiet (honorific)
도서관에서는 조용히 계세요. (Please be quiet in the library.)
neutral"기다려 계세요"
Please wait (honorific, implying staying somewhere while waiting)
제가 올 때까지 여기서 기다려 계세요. (Please wait here until I come.)
neutralEasily Confused
'계시다' is the honorific form of '있다' (to be, to exist). Learners often confuse when to use honorifics and might mistakenly use '있다' when speaking about elders or those of higher status, or over-use '계시다' in inappropriate contexts.
Use '계시다' to show respect when the subject of the verb is an elder or someone of higher social status. Use '있다' for others or objects. It's a matter of social hierarchy and respect in Korean culture.
할머니가 집에 계세요. (Grandmother is at home. - Here, '계시다' is used to show respect to 'grandmother'.)
'드리다' is the honorific form of '주다' (to give). Similar to '계시다', confusion arises from the appropriate application of honorifics based on the recipient's status.
Use '드리다' when you are giving something to an elder or someone of higher social status. Use '주다' in other contexts.
선생님께 선물을 드렸어요. (I gave a gift to the teacher. - '드리다' is used out of respect for the teacher.)
'말씀하시다' is the honorific form of '말하다' (to speak). Learners may struggle with distinguishing between '말씀하시다' (when the respected person is speaking) and '말씀드리다' (when you are speaking respectfully to someone).
Use '말씀하시다' when the honored person is the one speaking. This is an honorific form of '말하다'.
사장님이 말씀하셨어요. (The CEO spoke. - '말씀하시다' shows respect to the CEO.)
'잡수시다' is an honorific form for '먹다' (to eat) and '마시다' (to drink). Learners often use '드시' instead of '잡수시다' in highly formal contexts, or vice versa, leading to slight awkwardness.
Both '잡수시다' and '드시' are honorifics for eating/drinking. '잡수시다' is generally considered a bit more formal or traditional than '드시'. Use either when speaking about an elder or respected person eating or drinking.
할아버지가 식사를 잡수셨어요. (Grandfather ate his meal. - '잡수시다' shows respect for grandfather.)
'주무시다' is the honorific form of '자다' (to sleep). It's a straightforward honorific, but learners might forget to apply it or use '자다' inappropriately when talking about respected individuals.
Use '주무시다' when referring to an elder or respected person sleeping. Use '자다' for others.
어머니가 주무시고 계세요. (Mother is sleeping. - '주무시다' is used out of respect for mother.)
Sentence Patterns
주어(Subject) + 께서 + 계시다
할머니께서 집에 계세요. (Grandma is at home.)
주어(Subject) + 께서 + 어디에 + 계세요?
선생님께서 어디에 계세요? (Where is the teacher?)
주어(Subject) + 께서 + ~고 계시다
아버님께서 식사하고 계세요. (My father is eating.)
주어(Subject) + 께서는 + 장소(Place) + 에 + 계시다
사장님께서는 사무실에 계세요. (The CEO is in the office.)
주어(Subject) + 께서는 + 시간(Time) + 에 + 계시다
부모님께서는 지금 계세요. (My parents are here now.)
주어(Subject) + 께서 + ~지 않으세요?
할아버지께서 주무시지 않으세요? (Isn't grandfather sleeping?)
주어(Subject) + 께서는 + 명사(Noun) + 이세요?
어머니께서는 선생님이세요? (Is your mother a teacher?)
주어(Subject) + 께서 + 부사(Adverb) + 계시다
손님께서 잠시 계세요. (The guest is here for a moment.)
How to Use It
Use 계시다 (gyeshida) when speaking about someone older or of higher status than yourself, or in formal situations. It's the honorific form of 있다 (itta), which also means 'to be' or 'to exist'.
A common mistake is using 있다 (itta) when an honorific form is required. For example, saying '선생님이 있어요' (seonsaengnim-i isseoyo) instead of '선생님이 계세요' (seonsaengnim-i gyeseyo) when referring to a teacher being present. Remember to use honorifics to show respect.
Tips
When to use 계시다
Use 계시다 when referring to someone of higher status or older age than you. It's the honorific equivalent of 있다.
Basic sentence structure
Subject (honorific) + Location + 에 + 계시다. For example, 할머니는 집에 계세요. (Grandma is at home.)
Don't use for yourself
Never use 계시다 to refer to yourself. It's considered impolite and awkward. Use 저는 있어요 (I am/exist) instead.
Respect in Korean culture
Using honorifics like 계시다 is a fundamental aspect of showing respect in Korean society. It's not optional for those you need to show deference to.
Common usage with 'where'
You'll often hear 계시다 when asking about someone's whereabouts: 어디에 계세요? (Where are you? - honorific)
Don't confuse with 있으시다
While 있으시다 is also an honorific, it's generally used to mean 'to have' (honorific), not 'to be' (honorific). 계시다 specifically refers to existence or location.
Past tense form
The past tense of 계시다 is 계셨어요. For example, 선생님은 어제 학교에 계셨어요. (The teacher was at school yesterday.)
Present progressive form
You can use 계시다 with -고 있어요 to show ongoing action: 아버지는 주무시고 계세요. (Father is sleeping.)
When used for objects (rare)
In very formal or literary contexts, 계시다 can sometimes be used for highly revered objects, but this is rare and not for beginners. Stick to people.
Practice with example sentences
The best way to master 계시다 is to create and practice sentences. Try to describe where your parents or grandparents are located right now.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Imagine a **GUEST SHE**'s talking about. You use '계시다' when referring to a respected guest. **GUEST SHE DA** (sounds like GYE-SI-DA).
Visual Association
Picture a very important person, like a king or a wise elder, sitting on a fancy chair. They 'are' or 'exist' in a place, and because they are so respected, you use the special word '계시다'.
Word Web
Challenge
Try to say 'My grandmother is in the kitchen' using '계시다'. (힌트: 할머니는 부엌에 계세요.)
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsBoth 계시다 and 있다 mean 'to be' or 'to exist'. The key difference is that 계시다 is the honorific form of 있다. You use 계시다 when referring to a person who is older or of higher social standing than you, showing respect. You wouldn't use it for yourself unless you're quoting someone else.
You should use 계시다 when you are talking about someone you need to show respect to. This typically includes elders, teachers, superiors at work, or anyone you're addressing formally. For example, '선생님이 계세요?' (Is the teacher here?)
No, absolutely not. 계시다 is strictly for people you wish to honor. For inanimate objects or animals, you would always use 있다. For example, '책이 있어요' (There is a book) or '강아지가 있어요' (There is a dog).
Here are some common conjugations:
Present formal polite: 계십니다
Present informal polite: 계세요
Past informal polite: 계셨어요
Future informal polite: 계실 거예요
Keep in mind the stem is '계시-'.
Similar to 있다, 계시다 can be used for both. When used for location, it means 'to be somewhere'. When used for possession (with the particle ~에게/한테), it means 'to have' in an honorific sense. However, it's more common to see other honorific expressions for possession, but 계시다 can imply 'having' something if it's naturally associated with the honored person.
A common example is: '할머니가 집에 계세요.' (Grandma is at home.) Here, '할머니' (grandma) is someone you show respect to, so 계세요 is used.
The most common mistake is using it for oneself or for people who don't warrant honorifics. Another mistake is trying to use it for non-living things. Remember, it's about showing respect to *people*.
Yes, absolutely! For example, '사장님, 지금 사무실에 계세요?' (Boss, are you in the office now?) This is a very natural and polite way to ask about a superior's presence.
While 계세요 (please be/stay) can be used, it's more natural to use other expressions like '편히 계세요' (Please stay comfortably) rather than just 'be here'. If you're telling someone honored to 'be' somewhere, you'd usually phrase it differently to be more polite, or use '계시다' in a descriptive context rather than a direct command.
Yes, in many situations, it can be considered impolite or disrespectful if you use 있다 instead of 계시다 when talking about someone older or of higher status. It's a fundamental part of Korean etiquette, so it's important to learn to use it correctly.
Test Yourself 138 questions
할머니가 집에 ___.
To show respect to your grandmother (할머니), you should use the honorific form '계시다' instead of '있다'.
선생님은 지금 교실에 ___.
Teachers (선생님) are people we show respect to, so '계세요' (honorific form of '있어요') is the correct choice.
아버지가 회사에 ___.
For your father (아버지), use the honorific form '계십니다'.
사장님께서 사무실에 ___.
For a boss (사장님), you need to use the honorific form '계셔'.
어머니가 부엌에 ___.
When referring to your mother (어머니), use the honorific '계세요'.
할아버지는 공원에 ___.
To show respect to your grandfather (할아버지), use '계십니다'.
Write a sentence using '계시다' to say 'My grandmother is at home.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
할머니는 집에 계세요.
Write a sentence using '계시다' to ask 'Is your teacher in the office?'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
선생님은 사무실에 계세요?
Complete the sentence: '아버지는 ___ (to be, honorific) 회사에.' (My father is at the company.)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
아버지는 계세요 회사에.
Where is Mr. Kim?
Read this passage:
김 선생님은 학교에 계세요. 학생들은 교실에 있어요. 김 선생님은 책을 읽고 계세요.
Where is Mr. Kim?
The first sentence states '김 선생님은 학교에 계세요.' which means 'Mr. Kim is at school.'
The first sentence states '김 선생님은 학교에 계세요.' which means 'Mr. Kim is at school.'
What is the mother doing?
Read this passage:
어머니는 부엌에 계세요. 지금 요리하고 계세요. 아버지는 거실에서 TV를 보고 계세요.
What is the mother doing?
The second sentence says '지금 요리하고 계세요.' which means 'She is cooking now.'
The second sentence says '지금 요리하고 계세요.' which means 'She is cooking now.'
Where is the grandmother?
Read this passage:
할아버지는 의자에 계세요. 신문을 읽고 계세요. 할머니는 소파에 계세요. 차를 마시고 계세요.
Where is the grandmother?
The sentence '할머니는 소파에 계세요.' states that 'Grandmother is on the sofa.'
The sentence '할머니는 소파에 계세요.' states that 'Grandmother is on the sofa.'
This sentence means 'Mother is at home.' We use 계세요 (honorific form of 있다) for 'to be' when speaking about elders or those deserving respect.
This sentence means 'The teacher is in the classroom.' 계십니다 is the formal honorific form.
This sentence means 'Grandfather is in the room.' 계셔요 is another common honorific form for 'to be'.
할머니가 집에 ___.
‘할머니’ is an elder, so we use the honorific form ‘계시다’.
선생님은 지금 교실에 ___.
‘선생님’ is a teacher, so we use the honorific form ‘계시다’.
부모님이 어디에 ___?
‘부모님’ refers to parents, so the honorific ‘계시다’ is appropriate. ‘계셔’ is the informal honorific form.
사장님이 사무실에 ___.
‘사장님’ is a boss, so the honorific form ‘계시다’ is used. ‘계십니다’ is the formal honorific form.
저의 어머니는 집에 ___.
‘어머니’ is a mother, so the honorific form ‘계시다’ is used. ‘계세요’ is the polite honorific form.
교수님은 학교에 ___.
‘교수님’ is a professor, so we use the honorific form ‘계시다’.
Choose the most natural honorific verb to complete the sentence: 할머니는 집에 ___.
계시다 is the honorific form of 있다 (to be/exist), used when referring to an elder or someone deserving respect.
Which sentence correctly uses '계시다'?
계시다 is an honorific verb, so it should be used with a subject that is an elder or someone of higher status, like a teacher (선생님).
If you want to respectfully ask if someone's grandmother is at home, which word would you use?
계세요? is the polite interrogative form of 계시다, appropriate for asking about an elder.
'계시다' can be used to talk about your younger sibling being at home.
계시다 is an honorific verb. It's used for people deserving respect (like elders, teachers), not for younger siblings.
You should use '계시다' when talking about your boss being at work.
Your boss is typically someone you should show respect to, making '계시다' the appropriate honorific verb.
'계시다' is a verb that means 'to eat' in an honorific way.
'계시다' means 'to be' or 'to exist' in an honorific way. The honorific verb for 'to eat' is '잡수시다'.
You are at a friend's house. You want to ask where your friend's grandmother is. Write a polite question in Korean using '계시다'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
할머니는 어디에 계세요?
You are talking about your teacher. You want to say 'My teacher is in the office' using the honorific verb '계시다'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
선생님은 사무실에 계십니다.
You want to politely ask if your father is at home. Write the question in Korean using '계시다'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
아버지는 집에 계세요?
Where is the father?
Read this passage:
A: 할머니, 잘 계셨어요? (Grandma, have you been well?) B: 네, 잘 지냈어요. (Yes, I've been well.) A: 아버지는 지금 어디에 계세요? (Where is Father now?) B: 아버지는 방에 계세요. (Father is in his room.)
Where is the father?
The passage states '아버지는 방에 계세요' which means 'Father is in his room.'
The passage states '아버지는 방에 계세요' which means 'Father is in his room.'
Who is in the classroom?
Read this passage:
선생님은 교실에 계십니다. 학생들은 선생님을 기다립니다. (The teacher is in the classroom. The students are waiting for the teacher.)
Who is in the classroom?
The passage says '선생님은 교실에 계십니다' which translates to 'The teacher is in the classroom'.
The passage says '선생님은 교실에 계십니다' which translates to 'The teacher is in the classroom'.
Where is the CEO?
Read this passage:
사장님은 회의실에 계세요. 중요한 회의 중입니다. (The CEO is in the meeting room. A important meeting is underway.)
Where is the CEO?
The passage states '사장님은 회의실에 계세요' which means 'The CEO is in the meeting room.'
The passage states '사장님은 회의실에 계세요' which means 'The CEO is in the meeting room.'
할머니께서는 지금 집에 ___.
The sentence uses '할머니' (grandmother), which is a respectful term, so the honorific form of 'to be' is required. '계세요' is the honorific polite form.
선생님은 사무실에 ___.
'선생님' (teacher) requires an honorific verb. '계십니다' is the honorific formal polite form.
사장님은 회의실에 ___고 말씀하셨습니다.
When reporting what an honored person said about their own location, we use the honorific reporting form. '계시다고' means 'said (they) are (honorific)'.
저희 부모님은 항상 저희를 위해 ___.
'부모님' (parents) are honored figures, so the honorific form '계세요' is appropriate for 'are always there'.
교수님께서 도서관에 ___지 모르겠습니다.
'교수님' (professor) is an honored person. We use the honorific adnominal form '계시는' when describing their current state of being somewhere.
할아버지는 아직 주무시고 ___.
'할아버지' (grandfather) is an honored person, so '계세요' is the correct honorific polite form to use after '주무시고' (sleeping).
Choose the most natural honorific expression for 'My grandmother is at home.'
'계시다' is the honorific form of '있다' (to be, to exist). The polite ending for honorific verbs is -으세요/-세요. So, '계세요' is the most natural and grammatically correct option.
Which sentence correctly uses '계시다' to refer to a respected person?
'계시다' is used for people you need to show respect to, like grandparents or teachers. '친구' (friend) typically doesn't require this high level of honorifics.
You want to ask 'Is your mother at home?' to an elder. Which is the best way to say it?
To show respect to an elder's mother, you should use the honorific subject particle '께서' and the honorific verb '계시다' with the polite ending '-세요'.
You can use '계시다' when talking about your friend being in a place.
'계시다' is an honorific verb, typically reserved for people of higher status or age, or those you want to show significant respect to. It is generally not used for friends.
When asking 'Where is your teacher?' you should use '계시다' for 'is'.
Teachers are figures of respect in Korean culture, so using the honorific verb '계시다' is appropriate when referring to their presence.
It is always polite to use '계시다' even when referring to inanimate objects.
'계시다' is an honorific verb for 'to be' (exist) used exclusively for people, not for inanimate objects or animals.
The grandmother is at home.
The boss is in the meeting room.
Teacher, where are you?
Read this aloud:
부모님께서는 잘 계세요.
Focus: 계세요 (gye-se-yo)
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
할아버지께서 공원에 계십니다.
Focus: 계십니다 (gye-sip-ni-da)
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
교수님은 연구실에 계세요.
Focus: 계세요 (gye-se-yo)
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Imagine you are at a friend's house and their grandmother is also there. How would you politely ask if she is home?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
할머니 계세요?
You are calling a store and want to ask if the manager is currently in the store. How would you phrase this politely?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
사장님 지금 계세요?
You are talking about your professor. How would you say, 'My professor is in the office' using the honorific form of 'to be'?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
교수님 사무실에 계세요.
Where is the grandmother?
Read this passage:
A: 할머니, 집에 계세요? B: 네, 저는 집에 있어요. 그리고 아버지는 회사에 계세요. A: 어머니는 어디에 계세요? B: 어머니는 시장에 계세요.
Where is the grandmother?
The grandmother (할머니) says '네, 저는 집에 있어요' which means 'Yes, I am at home'.
The grandmother (할머니) says '네, 저는 집에 있어요' which means 'Yes, I am at home'.
What does the student want to do if the teacher is not at school today?
Read this passage:
선생님, 오늘 학교에 계세요? 제가 질문이 있어서 찾아뵙고 싶습니다. 오늘 안 계시면 내일 찾아뵐게요.
What does the student want to do if the teacher is not at school today?
The passage says '오늘 안 계시면 내일 찾아뵐게요' which translates to 'If you are not here today, I will visit you tomorrow.'
The passage says '오늘 안 계시면 내일 찾아뵐게요' which translates to 'If you are not here today, I will visit you tomorrow.'
Where do the grandparents live?
Read this passage:
저의 할아버지는 시골에 계십니다. 할머니도 함께 계셔서 두 분이 행복하게 지내세요. 저는 주말마다 할아버지 댁에 놀러 가요.
Where do the grandparents live?
The passage states '저의 할아버지는 시골에 계십니다' which means 'My grandfather is in the countryside'. It also mentions '할머니도 함께 계셔서' (grandmother is also with him).
The passage states '저의 할아버지는 시골에 계십니다' which means 'My grandfather is in the countryside'. It also mentions '할머니도 함께 계셔서' (grandmother is also with him).
This sentence uses the honorific verb '계시다' (to be/exist) to show respect to the teacher (선생님). The word order in Korean typically follows Subject-Object-Verb, but in this case, it's Subject-Location-Verb.
'할머니' (grandmother) is a respected elder, so '계시다' is used. '댁' is the honorific term for '집' (house). '지금' means 'now', indicating the present location.
This is a question asking about the location of the boss (사장님), an honorific subject. '아직' means 'still', and the '-ㅂ/습니다' ending is used for formal questions.
할머니께서는 지금 안방에 ___.
The honorific form of '있다' (to be) is '계시다'. Since '할머니' (grandmother) is an elder, we use the honorific ending '-십니다'.
선생님, 점심 식사는 맛있게 ___?
'드시다' is the honorific form of '먹다' (to eat) or '마시다' (to drink). This question is asking if the teacher 'ate' lunch enjoyably, so '드셨습니까' is the appropriate honorific form.
교장 선생님께서는 회의실에 ___.
'계시다' is the honorific verb for '있다' (to be/exist). The principal (교장 선생님) is an honorific subject, so '계십니다' is the correct choice.
부모님께서는 주말에 집에 ___.
'계시다' is the honorific form of '있다'. The '-세요' ending is a common polite honorific ending. '부모님' (parents) require honorific language.
사장님께서는 지금 사무실에 ___.
For someone in a position of authority like '사장님' (boss/CEO), the honorific verb '계시다' with the polite ending '-세요' is appropriate.
어머니께서는 시장에 ___.
While '계시다' is honorific for 'to be/exist', this sentence implies 'going' to the market. The honorific for '가다' (to go) is '가시다'. Since '어머니' (mother) is an elder, the honorific '-셨습니다' is used. This question tests understanding of when to use '계시다' versus other honorific verbs.
The grandmother is in the study.
Is the teacher still in the meeting room?
The CEO is currently out.
Read this aloud:
부모님께서는 건강하게 잘 계십니다.
Focus: 계십니다
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
어머니께서는 항상 집에 계세요.
Focus: 계세요
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
교수님은 연구실에 계실 겁니다.
Focus: 계실 겁니다
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Imagine you are talking about your respected grandmother. Write a sentence saying 'My grandmother is at home.' using the honorific verb '계시다'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
저희 할머니께서는 집에 계십니다.
You are describing your boss, who is in the office. Write a sentence: 'The boss is in the office.' using '계시다'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
사장님께서는 사무실에 계십니다.
You are at a formal dinner. Your teacher is waiting in the reception area. Write a sentence: 'The teacher is waiting in the reception area.' using '계시다'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
선생님께서는 접수처에서 기다리고 계십니다.
김 교수님께서는 오늘 어디에 계셨습니까?
Read this passage:
김 교수님께서는 항상 학생들을 위해 헌신하십니다. 오늘은 도서관에 계셔서 학생들과 연구 상담을 하고 계셨습니다. 많은 학생들이 교수님과의 상담을 통해 도움을 받았습니다.
김 교수님께서는 오늘 어디에 계셨습니까?
지문에 '오늘은 도서관에 계셔서'라고 명시되어 있습니다.
지문에 '오늘은 도서관에 계셔서'라고 명시되어 있습니다.
이 글의 화자는 할아버지가 지금 어디에 계실 거라고 생각하나요?
Read this passage:
할아버지께서는 매일 아침 공원에서 운동을 하십니다. 요즘은 날씨가 좋아서 더 자주 나가십니다. 지금은 아마 공원에 계실 겁니다.
이 글의 화자는 할아버지가 지금 어디에 계실 거라고 생각하나요?
지문에 '지금은 아마 공원에 계실 겁니다'라고 쓰여 있습니다.
지문에 '지금은 아마 공원에 계실 겁니다'라고 쓰여 있습니다.
어머니께서는 현재 무엇을 하고 계실 가능성이 가장 높습니까?
Read this passage:
저희 어머니께서는 요리 솜씨가 뛰어나셔서 가족들이 모두 좋아합니다. 요즘은 새로운 한식 요리법을 배우고 계십니다. 아마 부엌에 계실 거예요.
어머니께서는 현재 무엇을 하고 계실 가능성이 가장 높습니까?
지문에 '요즘은 새로운 한식 요리법을 배우고 계십니다'라고 명시되어 있습니다.
지문에 '요즘은 새로운 한식 요리법을 배우고 계십니다'라고 명시되어 있습니다.
This sentence means 'Grandfather is in the room.' It uses the honorific verb '계시다' (to be) for '할아버지' (grandfather) to show respect.
This sentence means 'The teacher is in the meeting room now.' '계세요' is the honorific polite form of '계시다'.
This sentence means 'Mother is in the kitchen.' We use '계십니다' as the honorific form of '있습니다' (to be/exist) to show respect to '어머니' (mother).
할머니께서는 지금 안방에 ___.
The honorific verb '계시다' (to be) is used for elders like '할머니' (grandmother) in a formal context.
교수님께서 아직 연구실에 ___는지는 모르겠습니다.
When asking about the presence of an esteemed person like '교수님' (professor), the honorific form '계시다' should be used, conjugated with the interrogative '-는지'.
사장님께서는 출장 때문에 현재 서울에 ___ 않습니다.
To express that an esteemed person (사장님 - CEO) is not present, the honorific negative form of '계시다' is '계시지 않습니다'.
부모님께서 언제까지 이곳에 ___ 예정이십니까?
For parents (부모님), an honorific subject, '계시다' is appropriate. When asking about a future plan, '-을 예정이십니까?' is used, so '계실' is the correct form.
저희 부장님께서는 회의실에 ___고 말씀하셨습니다.
When reporting what an esteemed person (부장님 - department head) said about their location, the honorific indirect speech form '계시다고' is used.
선생님께서는 집에 잘 ___지 걱정이 됩니다.
When expressing concern about a teacher's (선생님) well-being and location, the honorific verb '계시다' with '-는지' for uncertainty is appropriate.
Which of the following sentences correctly uses '계시다' to show respect?
'부모님' (parents) are typically addressed with honorifics, making '계세요' appropriate. '친구' (friend), '고양이' (cat), and '저' (I) do not require or use '계시다' in this context.
Choose the most appropriate honorific verb for a CEO's presence in a formal business setting.
'계십니다' is the honorific form of '있습니다' (to be) and is suitable for showing respect to a CEO in a formal setting. '입니다' is 'to be' but not honorific for existence, and '먹습니다' means 'to eat'.
If you are talking about your professor being in the classroom, which verb would you use?
'계시다' is the honorific verb for 'to be/exist' and is appropriate when referring to a professor. '있으시다' is also an honorific form of '있다' but '계시다' is typically preferred for the existence of people.
It is always appropriate to use '계시다' when referring to anyone older than you.
While '계시다' is used for elders and superiors, it's not strictly 'anyone older'. The context of respect and social hierarchy plays a role. For close friends who are slightly older, you might not always use it.
'계시다' can be used to describe the location of an inanimate object as long as it belongs to an honored person.
'계시다' specifically refers to the *existence* or *presence* of an honored person, not their possessions or inanimate objects associated with them. For objects, '있다' is used regardless of who owns them.
Using '계시다' for your immediate family members like your younger sibling is considered polite and respectful.
'계시다' is used for those you wish to show respect to, typically elders or superiors. Using it for a younger sibling would be unnatural and grammatically incorrect for showing respect in the standard sense.
Listen for where grandmother is.
Listen for what needs to be confirmed about the professor.
Listen for where the parents will be.
Read this aloud:
사장님께서는 현재 회의실에 계십니다.
Focus: 계십니다
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
어르신께서는 항상 공원에서 산책하고 계십니다.
Focus: 계십니다
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
선생님께서는 내일 학교에 계실 겁니다.
Focus: 계실 겁니다
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
You are writing a formal email to your professor to inquire about their office hours next week. Use the honorific verb '계시다' appropriately in your email. Write a short paragraph (3-4 sentences).
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
교수님께, 안녕하십니까. 다음 주 교수님께서 사무실에 계시는 시간을 여쭤보고 싶습니다. 혹시 방문해도 괜찮은 시간이 있으신지 알려주시면 감사하겠습니다. 바쁘시겠지만 답변 부탁드립니다.
Describe a situation where you would use '계시다' to show respect to an elderly family member. Write two sentences explaining the scenario and one sentence using '계시다'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
저희 할머니께서는 연세가 많으셔서 항상 존경의 마음으로 대합니다. 어제 할머니 댁에 방문했는데, 마침 할머니께서 거실에 계셨습니다. 덕분에 오랜만에 즐거운 시간을 보낼 수 있었습니다.
You are at a company meeting and need to ask if the CEO is present. Formulate a polite question using '계시다' and another sentence indicating you are waiting for them. Write two sentences.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
대표님께서는 지금 회의실에 계신가요? 곧 회의가 시작될 예정이라서 대표님을 기다리고 있습니다.
김 박사님은 다음 주에 어디에 계십니까?
Read this passage:
김 박사님은 현재 해외 학회에 참석 중이십니다. 그래서 다음 주까지는 한국에 계시지 않을 예정입니다. 급한 용무가 있으시면 비서실에 문의해 주시기 바랍니다.
김 박사님은 다음 주에 어디에 계십니까?
지문에서 '다음 주까지는 한국에 계시지 않을 예정입니다'라고 언급되어 김 박사님이 해외 학회에 계심을 알 수 있습니다.
지문에서 '다음 주까지는 한국에 계시지 않을 예정입니다'라고 언급되어 김 박사님이 해외 학회에 계심을 알 수 있습니다.
이 글에서 부장님에 대해 알 수 있는 것은 무엇입니까?
Read this passage:
저희 부장님께서는 늘 직원들의 의견을 경청해 주십니다. 그래서 부장님께서는 언제나 저희 옆에 계신 것처럼 든든한 존재이십니다. 어려운 일이 있을 때마다 부장님께서는 현명한 조언을 해 주십니다.
이 글에서 부장님에 대해 알 수 있는 것은 무엇입니까?
글의 내용으로 보아 부장님이 직원들의 의견을 경청하고 든든한 존재이며 현명한 조언을 해주는 것으로 보아 존경받는 존재임을 알 수 있습니다.
글의 내용으로 보아 부장님이 직원들의 의견을 경청하고 든든한 존재이며 현명한 조언을 해주는 것으로 보아 존경받는 존재임을 알 수 있습니다.
어머니께서는 주로 어디에 계십니까?
Read this passage:
어머니께서는 매일 새벽 일찍 일어나셔서 가족들을 위해 아침 식사를 준비하십니다. 어머니께서는 주방에 계시지 않는 날이 거의 없습니다. 항상 저희 곁에서 저희를 보살펴 주시는 어머니께 감사드립니다.
어머니께서는 주로 어디에 계십니까?
지문에서 '어머니께서는 주방에 계시지 않는 날이 거의 없습니다'라고 언급되어 주방에 계신다는 것을 알 수 있습니다.
지문에서 '어머니께서는 주방에 계시지 않는 날이 거의 없습니다'라고 언급되어 주방에 계신다는 것을 알 수 있습니다.
The subject '사장님께서' (President/CEO - honorific) typically comes first, followed by the location '회의실에' (in the meeting room), and then the honorific verb '계십니다' (is/are - honorific).
The honorific subject '어머니께서는' (Mother) starts the sentence, followed by the adverb '지금' (now), the location '집에' (at home), and finally the honorific verb '계세요?' (are you/they? - honorific, interrogative).
The honorific subject '할아버지께서' (Grandfather) starts, followed by the location '정원에' (in the garden), then the honorific verb '계셔서' (because he was/is - honorific, causal conjunction), and finally the action '대화하고 왔어요' (talked and came back).
교수님께서 지금 회의실에 ___.
This sentence requires the honorific form of 'to be' and the polite ending.
할아버지께서는 항상 오후에 공원에 ___.
This requires the honorific form of 'to be' with a formal polite ending.
사장님께서는 현재 출장 중이셔서 서울에 ___ 않습니다.
The honorific negative form of 'to be' is required here, conjugated to fit the sentence structure.
손님 여러분, 잠시 자리에 ___ 주십시오.
This asks the guests to 'remain' in their seats, using the honorific and formal imperative.
어머니께서는 부엌에서 저녁 식사를 준비하고 ___.
This sentence requires the honorific progressive form of 'to be' with a polite ending.
할머니께서는 병원에 ___ 건강을 회복하고 계십니다.
This sentence requires the honorific form of 'to be' followed by a causal connector, indicating 'because she is at the hospital'.
다음 중 가장 공손하게 '선생님이 지금 계십니다'를 표현한 것은 무엇입니까?
'계시다'는 '있다'의 최고 존대 표현으로, 주어가 높은 사람일 때 사용합니다. '-습니다'는 격식체 종결 어미로, 가장 공손한 표현입니다.
사장님께서 회의실에 ___ (있다). 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 표현은?
주어가 사장님과 같이 높은 사람일 경우, '있다'의 존대말인 '계시다'를 사용합니다. '계세요'는 '계시다'의 해요체로, 일상 대화에서 자연스럽게 사용됩니다.
다음 문장 중 '계시다'의 사용이 적절하지 않은 것은 무엇입니까?
'계시다'는 주어가 존경의 대상일 때 사용합니다. '친구'는 일반적으로 존경의 대상이 아니므로 '계시다' 대신 '있다'를 사용하는 것이 적절합니다.
'저희 아버지께서는 집에 계십니다'는 올바른 존대 표현이다.
'아버지'는 존경의 대상이므로 '계시다'를 사용하는 것이 적절합니다. '저희'는 겸양 표현으로, 자신을 낮추어 아버지를 높이는 효과를 줍니다.
'선생님, 지금 여기 계세요?'는 공손하지만 비격식적인 질문이다.
해당 문장은 '계시다'를 사용하여 존대 표현을 하였고, '-세요?'는 해요체 종결 어미로 비격식적인 상황에서 사용됩니다.
'부장님이 사무실에 계시는 중입니다'는 '계시다'의 진행형 표현으로 적절하다.
'계시다'는 '있다'의 존대 표현으로, '-는 중이다'와 결합하여 진행의 의미를 나타낼 수 있습니다. 이는 존대 대상의 행동이 진행 중임을 공손하게 표현하는 방식입니다.
Imagine you are writing an email to a highly respected elder in Korea about a recent visit. Describe a situation where you respectfully inquired about their well-being using an honorific expression. Focus on demonstrating appropriate social etiquette and advanced vocabulary related to formal greetings and inquiries. Incorporate '계시다' naturally.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
존경하는 선생님께, 지난번 방문 때 잘 계시는지 여쭈어보았습니다. 그동안 평안히 잘 계셨기를 바랍니다. 혹 불편하신 점은 없으셨는지요? 늘 건강하시길 기원합니다.
You are a senior executive writing a formal memo to your board of directors summarizing the current status of a critical project. You need to reassure them that the project leader, a highly respected industry veteran, is actively overseeing the project. Use formal and sophisticated language to convey this, ensuring the use of '계시다' is appropriate for the context of respecting the project leader's presence and involvement.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
이사님께, 현재 진행 중인 핵심 프로젝트의 현황을 보고드립니다. 프로젝트 총괄 책임자이신 김 박사님께서는 해당 프로젝트에 전념하여 주도적으로 계시며, 모든 세부 사항을 면밀히 확인하고 계십니다. 염려 없으시도록 최선을 다하겠습니다.
Write a short, formal announcement for a university newsletter regarding a guest lecture by a renowned scholar. You need to inform students that the esteemed professor will be present and delivering a lecture. Emphasize their esteemed status and the importance of their presence using advanced Korean honorifics and expressions, including '계시다'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
학생 여러분께, 오는 10월 20일, 세계적인 석학이신 이 교수님께서 본교에 계시어 특별 강연을 해주실 예정입니다. 귀한 분을 모시는 뜻깊은 자리에 여러분의 많은 참석을 부탁드립니다. 이 기회를 통해 깊이 있는 학문적 통찰을 얻으시길 바랍니다.
위 글에서 '계시다'는 어떤 대상을 지칭하며 사용되었습니까?
Read this passage:
최근 한 연구 기관에서 발표한 보고서에 따르면, 한국의 고령화 사회는 심화되고 있으며, 어르신들의 건강 증진과 삶의 질 향상에 대한 사회적 관심이 더욱 커지고 있습니다. 이러한 배경 속에서 정부는 어르신 복지 정책을 확대하고 있으며, 특히 요양 시설에 계시는 분들에 대한 지원을 강화하고 있습니다. 봉사 단체들도 어르신들을 위한 다양한 프로그램을 운영하며, 이분들이 소외되지 않도록 노력하고 있습니다.
위 글에서 '계시다'는 어떤 대상을 지칭하며 사용되었습니까?
이 문맥에서 '요양 시설에 계시는 분들'은 요양 시설에 거주하고 있는 어르신들을 존칭하여 표현한 것입니다. '계시다'는 존경의 의미를 담아 존재를 나타냅니다.
이 문맥에서 '요양 시설에 계시는 분들'은 요양 시설에 거주하고 있는 어르신들을 존칭하여 표현한 것입니다. '계시다'는 존경의 의미를 담아 존재를 나타냅니다.
이 글에서 스승님께서 '계셨다'고 묘사된 두 가지 상황은 무엇입니까?
Read this passage:
조선 시대 한 선비가 스승님을 찾아뵙기 위해 먼 길을 떠났습니다. 스승님의 거처에 도착했을 때, 선비는 스승님께서 학문에 몰두하고 계시는 모습을 보았습니다. 스승님께서는 제자가 온 줄도 모르시고 붓을 든 채 책에 깊이 빠져 계셨습니다. 선비는 감히 방해하지 못하고 조용히 기다렸습니다. 이처럼 스승의 깊은 학식과 태도는 제자에게 큰 가르침이 되었습니다.
이 글에서 스승님께서 '계셨다'고 묘사된 두 가지 상황은 무엇입니까?
본문에서 '스승님께서 학문에 몰두하고 계시는 모습을 보았다'와 '붓을 든 채 책에 깊이 빠져 계셨다'는 스승님의 '계셨다'는 두 가지 상황을 명확히 보여줍니다.
본문에서 '스승님께서 학문에 몰두하고 계시는 모습을 보았다'와 '붓을 든 채 책에 깊이 빠져 계셨다'는 스승님의 '계셨다'는 두 가지 상황을 명확히 보여줍니다.
김 회장님이 현재 회사에서 '계시다'고 언급된 주된 역할은 무엇입니까?
Read this passage:
우리 회사의 김 회장님께서는 오랜 시간 동안 회사의 성장과 발전을 위해 헌신해 오셨습니다. 현재는 일선에서 물러나셨지만, 여전히 중요한 의사결정 과정에서 자문 역할을 수행하고 계십니다. 특히 신규 사업 추진과 관련하여 회장님의 깊은 통찰력과 경험은 회사에 큰 도움이 되고 있습니다. 회장님의 지혜가 계시기에 우리 회사는 더욱 단단해질 수 있었습니다.
김 회장님이 현재 회사에서 '계시다'고 언급된 주된 역할은 무엇입니까?
본문에서 '현재는 일선에서 물러나셨지만, 여전히 중요한 의사결정 과정에서 자문 역할을 수행하고 계십니다'라고 명시되어 있습니다. '계시다'는 회장님의 존중받는 존재감을 나타냅니다.
본문에서 '현재는 일선에서 물러나셨지만, 여전히 중요한 의사결정 과정에서 자문 역할을 수행하고 계십니다'라고 명시되어 있습니다. '계시다'는 회장님의 존중받는 존재감을 나타냅니다.
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Summary
Use 계시다 to respectfully say 'to be' or 'to exist' when talking about someone you honor.
- Honorific version of 있다 (to be/exist)
- Used for people deserving respect
- Indicates presence or location
When to use 계시다
Use 계시다 when referring to someone of higher status or older age than you. It's the honorific equivalent of 있다.
Basic sentence structure
Subject (honorific) + Location + 에 + 계시다. For example, 할머니는 집에 계세요. (Grandma is at home.)
Don't use for yourself
Never use 계시다 to refer to yourself. It's considered impolite and awkward. Use 저는 있어요 (I am/exist) instead.
Respect in Korean culture
Using honorifics like 계시다 is a fundamental aspect of showing respect in Korean society. It's not optional for those you need to show deference to.
Related Content
More general words
몇몇
A2An unspecified small number of; some or a few.
조금
A1A little/a bit
적게
A1A little / Few
약간
A2A little; slightly; somewhat.
많이
A1A lot/much
잠시
A2For a moment; briefly.
잠깐
A2For a short time; a moment.
아까
A2A little while ago, earlier.
대해
A2About, concerning.
~에 대해서
A2Concerning or regarding a particular subject; about.
