perfume in 30 Seconds
- Perfume is a fragrant liquid for the body.
- It makes you smell nice.
- It is used daily or for special times.
- Portuguese word is 'perfume' (masculine).
- Definition
- 'Perfume' refers to a liquid, typically made from essential oils and aroma compounds, that is used to give a pleasant smell to a person's body. It's a way to enhance personal scent and often associated with feeling fresh, attractive, or confident.
- Usage
- People use perfume for various reasons: to smell good on a daily basis, for special occasions like parties or dates, or as a signature scent that becomes part of their identity. It's applied to pulse points on the body, such as the wrists, neck, and behind the ears, where body heat helps to diffuse the fragrance. The choice of perfume can also reflect personality, mood, or even the season. For example, lighter, floral scents might be preferred in spring and summer, while heavier, spicier scents might be chosen for autumn and winter. In Portuguese-speaking cultures, as in many others, the use of perfume is very common and considered a part of personal grooming and presentation. It's not just about masking body odor but about adding a pleasant aroma that can influence how one is perceived and how one feels. Many people consider a specific perfume to be an essential part of their daily routine, much like brushing their teeth or choosing their outfit. The act of applying perfume can be a ritual, a moment of self-care before starting the day or going out. The word 'perfume' in Portuguese is 'perfume' (masculine noun), pronounced similarly to its English counterpart. It's a word that is understood and used widely across all Portuguese-speaking countries. You'll hear it in conversations about personal care, fashion, gifts, and even in advertisements for beauty products. The concept of fragrance has been around for centuries, evolving from ancient incense to the complex formulations we see today. The word itself has Latin roots, related to smoke ('fumus') and through ('per'), suggesting something that passes through smoke or is derived from aromatic substances. This historical depth adds to the richness of the word. In essence, 'perfume' is more than just a scent; it's an accessory, an expression, and a sensory experience that plays a significant role in personal presentation and well-being. The variety of perfumes available is vast, catering to every taste and preference, from subtle and natural to bold and exotic. This diversity ensures that everyone can find a scent that resonates with them and enhances their personal aura. The economic impact of the perfume industry is also substantial, highlighting its importance in global commerce and culture. Many brands are renowned worldwide for their signature fragrances, further embedding the concept of 'perfume' into our daily lives and popular culture. It's a sensory pleasure that transcends language and cultural barriers, connecting people through the universal appeal of pleasant aromas.
Eu gosto muito de usar perfume todos os dias.
- Etymology
- The word 'perfume' comes from the Latin 'per fumum', meaning 'through smoke'. This refers to the ancient practice of burning aromatic resins and incense to create fragrances.
- Cultural Significance
- In many cultures, including Portuguese-speaking ones, perfume is considered an important part of personal hygiene and style. It can be a way to express individuality and create a lasting impression.
Ela comprou um novo perfume para a festa.
- Application
- Perfume is typically applied to areas where the pulse is strong, such as the wrists, neck, and behind the ears. This helps the fragrance to diffuse and last longer.
- Types of Fragrances
- Fragrances range from light floral and citrus notes to deep, woody, and oriental scents. The choice often depends on personal preference, occasion, and season.
O cheiro deste perfume é maravilhoso.
- Basic Usage
- The most straightforward way to use 'perfume' is to talk about applying it or its scent. For example, 'Eu uso perfume' (I use perfume) or 'O perfume é bom' (The perfume is good). When referring to a specific perfume, you might say 'Este perfume é caro' (This perfume is expensive). Remember that 'perfume' is a masculine noun in Portuguese, so it is often preceded by the masculine article 'o' or 'um'.
- Describing Scents
- You can use 'perfume' to describe the scent itself. Phrases like 'um perfume doce' (a sweet perfume), 'um perfume floral' (a floral perfume), or 'um perfume forte' (a strong perfume) are common. You might also hear 'O cheiro do perfume' (The smell of the perfume). For instance, 'Eu adoro o cheiro deste perfume!' (I love the smell of this perfume!).
- Actions Related to Perfume
- Verbs associated with perfume include 'usar' (to use), 'aplicar' (to apply), 'comprar' (to buy), and 'sentir' (to smell or feel). For example: 'Ele aplica perfume depois de tomar banho' (He applies perfume after taking a shower). 'Vou comprar um perfume novo' (I'm going to buy a new perfume). 'Você sente o perfume?' (Do you smell the perfume?).
- Gifts and Occasions
- Perfume is frequently mentioned in contexts of gifts and special occasions. 'Um perfume é um ótimo presente' (A perfume is a great gift). 'Ela quer um perfume para o aniversário dela' (She wants a perfume for her birthday). You might also hear about specific types of perfume for events: 'Este perfume é ideal para a noite' (This perfume is ideal for the evening).
- Expressing Preference
- To express liking or disliking a perfume, you can use phrases like 'Gosto muito deste perfume' (I really like this perfume) or 'Não gosto desse perfume' (I don't like that perfume). 'Qual é o seu perfume favorito?' (What is your favorite perfume?).
Eu gosto de aplicar perfume pela manhã.
- Possession
- To indicate that a perfume belongs to someone, use possessive pronouns or structures like 'o meu perfume' (my perfume), 'o seu perfume' (his/her/your perfume), or 'o perfume dele/dela' (his/her perfume).
- Shopping Context
- In a shop, you might ask: 'Onde posso encontrar perfume?' (Where can I find perfume?) or 'Você tem este perfume?' (Do you have this perfume?).
Este perfume tem um aroma muito agradável.
- Comparing Perfumes
- You can compare perfumes using comparative adjectives: 'Este perfume é mais leve que aquele' (This perfume is lighter than that one). 'Qual perfume é melhor?' (Which perfume is better?).
- Asking for Opinions
- Asking for someone's opinion on a perfume is common: 'O que você acha deste perfume?' (What do you think of this perfume?).
- Everyday Conversations
- You'll hear 'perfume' frequently in casual chats. Friends might ask each other, 'Que perfume você está usando?' (What perfume are you wearing?) or comment, 'Seu perfume está muito bom hoje!' (Your perfume smells great today!). It's a common topic when discussing personal grooming or getting ready to go out.
- Shopping Environments
- In department stores, perfumeries, or even drugstores, 'perfume' is a central word. Sales assistants will ask, 'Posso ajudar a encontrar um perfume?' (Can I help you find a perfume?) or describe scents: 'Este é um perfume fresco e cítrico' (This is a fresh and citrusy perfume).
- Media and Advertising
- Advertisements for beauty products, fashion magazines, and TV commercials often feature the word 'perfume'. You'll hear slogans like 'Descubra o seu novo perfume favorito' (Discover your new favorite perfume) or see visuals of elegant bottles accompanied by descriptions of captivating fragrances.
- Discussions about Gifts
- When people are thinking about gifts, 'perfume' often comes up. 'Estou pensando em comprar um perfume para minha mãe' (I'm thinking of buying a perfume for my mom). It's considered a classic and often appreciated present.
- Social Gatherings
- At parties or social events, compliments about someone's scent are common. 'Adorei o seu perfume!' (I loved your perfume!) is a frequent remark, making the word part of positive social interactions.
Na loja, a vendedora me mostrou vários perfumes.
- Personal Care Routines
- People often talk about their morning or evening routines. 'Eu sempre uso perfume antes de sair de casa' (I always use perfume before leaving home) is a common statement reflecting personal habits.
- Discussions About Quality
- Conversations can also revolve around the quality or brand of a perfume. 'Este é um perfume de uma marca muito conhecida' (This is a perfume from a very well-known brand) or 'Prefiro perfumes naturais' (I prefer natural perfumes).
- Gender Agreement
- The most common mistake for learners is forgetting that 'perfume' is a masculine noun in Portuguese. This means it requires masculine articles ('o', 'um') and adjectives must agree in gender. For example, a learner might incorrectly say 'a perfume' instead of 'o perfume' or 'um perfume'. Similarly, they might use a feminine adjective like 'bonita' when describing a masculine noun. The correct form is 'o perfume é bom' (the perfume is good), not 'a perfume é boa'.
- Pluralization
- While 'perfume' is straightforward to pluralize by adding an 's' to make 'perfumes', learners might sometimes forget this or apply incorrect pluralization rules. For instance, saying 'muito perfume' (a lot of perfume) when referring to multiple bottles might be acceptable in some informal contexts, but when specifically talking about different types or bottles, 'muitos perfumes' is the grammatically correct plural form.
- Verb Conjugation
- Mistakes can occur when using verbs related to 'perfume'. For example, using the wrong preposition or verb tense. 'Eu aplico perfume' (I apply perfume) is correct, but someone might incorrectly say 'Eu ponho perfume em mim' (I put perfume on me) which, while understandable, is less precise than 'Eu aplico perfume em mim' or simply 'Eu uso perfume'. Another error could be in conjugating verbs like 'cheirar' (to smell) or 'gostar' (to like) in relation to 'perfume'.
- Confusing with Similar Concepts
- Learners might confuse 'perfume' with other related terms like 'aroma' (aroma/fragrance), 'cheiro' (smell), or 'essência' (essence). While related, 'perfume' specifically refers to the liquid product applied to the body. For example, saying 'Eu gosto da essência' might refer to the essential oil rather than the finished product. Similarly, 'aroma' is the smell itself, not the product. It's important to distinguish between the product ('perfume') and its characteristic ('aroma' or 'cheiro').
- Adjective Placement
- In Portuguese, descriptive adjectives usually follow the noun they modify. A common mistake is placing the adjective before the noun, similar to English. For instance, saying 'um doce perfume' instead of the correct 'um perfume doce' (a sweet perfume). This applies to all adjectives describing 'perfume'.
Errado: Eu usei uma perfume. Certo: Eu usei um perfume.
- Using 'cheiro' vs. 'perfume'
- Learners might sometimes use 'cheiro' (smell) when they mean the product 'perfume'. For example, saying 'Eu comprei um cheiro' instead of 'Eu comprei um perfume'. While 'cheiro' refers to the scent, 'perfume' is the item that produces the scent.
- Pronunciation Nuances
- While the spelling is similar to English, the Portuguese pronunciation can differ slightly. Paying attention to vowel sounds and stress is important to avoid mispronunciation, though this is more of an accent issue than a grammatical mistake.
- Perfume (the product)
- This is the standard term for the fragrant liquid applied to the body. It's a masculine noun: 'o perfume', 'um perfume'.
- Eau de Toilette
- This is a lighter concentration of fragrance than perfume, often used interchangeably in casual speech but technically different. It's also a masculine noun: 'o eau de toilette'.
- Eau de Parfum
- This has a higher concentration of fragrance oils than Eau de Toilette but typically less than pure perfume. It's also a masculine noun: 'o eau de parfum'.
- Colônia
- Often translated as 'cologne', this is generally the lightest and least concentrated form of fragrance. It's a feminine noun: 'a colônia'.
- Aroma
- This refers to the pleasant smell or fragrance itself, rather than the product. It's a masculine noun: 'o aroma'. You can say 'O aroma do perfume é bom' (The aroma of the perfume is good).
- Cheiro
- This is a general word for 'smell', which can be pleasant or unpleasant. It's a masculine noun: 'o cheiro'. While 'perfume' has a pleasant smell, 'cheiro' is more neutral. You might say 'Que cheiro bom!' (What a nice smell!) when referring to a perfume.
- Fragrância
- Similar to 'aroma', this term refers to the scent or fragrance, often used in a more formal or descriptive context. It's a feminine noun: 'a fragrância'.
- Essência
- This refers to the concentrated aromatic oil or extract from which perfumes are made. It's a feminine noun: 'a essência'.
Eu comprei um perfume, não uma colônia.
- Using 'Perfume' as a Verb (rare)
- In English, 'to perfume' is a verb. In Portuguese, while the noun 'perfume' is common, the verb form is less frequent and often replaced by 'perfumar' (to perfume/scent). So, instead of 'perfume the room', you'd say 'perfumar o quarto'.
- Context is Key
- The choice between 'perfume', 'aroma', 'cheiro', and 'fragrância' depends heavily on what you are referring to: the product itself, the quality of the smell, or the general scent.
How Formal Is It?
"A fragrância exclusiva deste perfume foi desenvolvida com notas raras."
"Eu comprei um perfume novo na loja."
"Que cheiro bom desse perfume!"
"Este é o meu perfume cheiroso!"
Fun Fact
The earliest evidence of perfume use dates back to ancient Egypt, where Egyptians used aromatic oils and resins for religious ceremonies, embalming, and personal adornment. The word itself reflects this ancient connection to smoke and incense.
Pronunciation Guide
- Pronouncing the 'u' sound too short.
- Not stressing the second syllable sufficiently.
- Adding an extra syllable or mispronouncing the 'fume' ending.
Difficulty Rating
The word 'perfume' itself is simple and easily recognizable for beginners. Understanding its usage in basic sentences is straightforward.
Basic sentences using 'perfume' are easy to construct. Challenges might arise with gender agreement and adjective placement for absolute beginners.
Pronunciation is relatively simple. Using it in common phrases like 'Eu gosto de perfume' is easy.
The word is frequently used and sounds similar to English, making it easy to identify.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Gender of Nouns
'Perfume' is a masculine noun. Therefore, it takes masculine articles like 'o' (the) and 'um' (a), and adjectives modifying it must also be masculine (e.g., 'o perfume bom').
Adjective Agreement
Adjectives must agree in gender and number with the noun they describe. For 'perfume' (masculine singular), adjectives are masculine singular: 'perfume fresco', 'perfume doce'.
Verb Conjugation (to use)
The verb 'usar' (to use) is conjugated according to the subject: 'Eu uso perfume' (I use perfume), 'Ele usa perfume' (He uses perfume).
Prepositions with 'gostar'
The verb 'gostar' requires the preposition 'de' before its object: 'Eu gosto de perfume' (I like perfume).
Demonstrative Adjectives
'Este' (this) is used for masculine singular nouns like 'perfume': 'Este perfume é caro' (This perfume is expensive).
Examples by Level
Eu gosto de perfume.
I like perfume.
'Gosto de' means 'I like'. 'Perfume' is a masculine noun.
Este perfume é bom.
This perfume is good.
'Este' is a masculine demonstrative adjective. 'Bom' means 'good'.
Quero um perfume.
I want a perfume.
'Quero' means 'I want'. 'Um perfume' means 'a perfume'.
Onde está o perfume?
Where is the perfume?
'Onde está' means 'Where is'. 'O perfume' uses the masculine definite article.
Comprei um perfume.
I bought a perfume.
'Comprei' is the past tense of 'comprar' (to buy).
Que cheiro bom!
What a nice smell!
This is an exclamation. 'Cheiro' means smell.
Preciso de perfume.
I need perfume.
'Preciso de' means 'I need'.
O perfume é cheiroso.
The perfume is fragrant.
'Cheiroso' means fragrant or smells good.
Eu uso perfume todos os dias.
I use perfume every day.
'Todos os dias' means 'every day'. 'Uso' is the present tense of 'usar' (to use).
Ela gosta do perfume floral.
She likes the floral perfume.
'Gosta do' means 'likes the'. 'Floral' describes the scent type.
Este é um perfume caro.
This is an expensive perfume.
'Caro' means expensive. 'Um perfume' uses the indefinite article.
Você quer experimentar este perfume?
Do you want to try this perfume?
'Experimentar' means to try. The question uses inversion.
O cheiro deste perfume é muito agradável.
The smell of this perfume is very pleasant.
'Agradável' means pleasant. 'Deste' means 'of this'.
Vou comprar um perfume para presente.
I'm going to buy a perfume as a gift.
'Vou comprar' means 'I am going to buy'. 'Para presente' means 'as a gift'.
Qual é o seu perfume favorito?
What is your favorite perfume?
'Favorito' means favorite. 'Seu' means your/his/her.
Ele aplica perfume nos pulsos.
He applies perfume on his wrists.
'Aplica' is the verb 'to apply'. 'Nos pulsos' means 'on the wrists'.
A fragrância deste perfume dura o dia todo.
The fragrance of this perfume lasts all day.
'Fragrância' means fragrance. 'Dura' means lasts. 'O dia todo' means all day.
Ela escolheu um perfume doce e suave.
She chose a sweet and soft perfume.
'Escolheu' is the past tense of 'escolher' (to choose). 'Doce' (sweet) and 'suave' (soft) are adjectives.
Este perfume é uma edição limitada.
This perfume is a limited edition.
'Edição limitada' means limited edition.
Procuro um perfume que combine com o verão.
I'm looking for a perfume that suits summer.
'Procuro' means I'm looking for. 'Que combine com' means that suits/matches.
O perfume da marca X é muito popular.
The perfume from brand X is very popular.
'Da marca X' means 'from brand X'. 'Popular' means popular.
Ele herdou o perfume favorito do avô.
He inherited his grandfather's favorite perfume.
'Herdou' is the past tense of 'herdar' (to inherit). 'Do avô' means 'of the grandfather'.
A concentração do perfume afeta a sua duração.
The concentration of the perfume affects its longevity.
'Concentração' means concentration. 'Afeta' means affects. 'Duração' means duration/longevity.
Prefiro usar perfume em ocasiões especiais.
I prefer to wear perfume on special occasions.
'Prefiro' means I prefer. 'Ocasiões especiais' means special occasions.
A complexidade das notas de topo, coração e base define a identidade do perfume.
The complexity of the top, middle, and base notes defines the perfume's identity.
'Complexidade' (complexity), 'notas de topo' (top notes), 'notas de coração' (heart notes), 'notas de base' (base notes), 'identidade' (identity).
Este perfume é uma criação exclusiva de um renomado perfumista.
This perfume is an exclusive creation by a renowned perfumer.
'Criação exclusiva' (exclusive creation), 'renomado perfumista' (renowned perfumer).
A arte de misturar essências para criar um perfume é fascinante.
The art of blending essences to create a perfume is fascinating.
'Misturar essências' (blending essences), 'fascinante' (fascinating).
O desenvolvimento de um novo perfume pode levar anos de pesquisa.
The development of a new perfume can take years of research.
'Desenvolvimento' (development), 'anos de pesquisa' (years of research).
A atmosfera da loja ajudou a realçar a qualidade do perfume.
The atmosphere of the store helped to enhance the quality of the perfume.
'Atmosfera' (atmosphere), 'realçar' (to enhance), 'qualidade' (quality).
Ele tem uma coleção impressionante de perfumes vintage.
He has an impressive collection of vintage perfumes.
'Coleção impressionante' (impressive collection), 'vintage' (vintage).
A escolha do perfume pode refletir a personalidade e o estado de espírito.
The choice of perfume can reflect personality and mood.
'Refletir' (to reflect), 'personalidade' (personality), 'estado de espírito' (mood).
O mercado de perfumes de nicho tem crescido significativamente.
The niche perfume market has grown significantly.
'Mercado de nicho' (niche market), 'crescido significativamente' (grown significantly).
A alquimia por trás da criação de um perfume sublime reside na harmonia dos seus componentes.
The alchemy behind creating a sublime perfume lies in the harmony of its components.
'Alquimia' (alchemy), 'sublime' (sublime), 'harmonia' (harmony), 'componentes' (components).
A persistência do aroma deste perfume evoca memórias de infância.
The persistence of this perfume's aroma evokes childhood memories.
'Persistência' (persistence), 'evoca' (evokes), 'memórias de infância' (childhood memories).
A marca lançou um perfume que desafia as convenções olfativas tradicionais.
The brand launched a perfume that challenges traditional olfactory conventions.
'Desafia as convenções olfativas' (challenges olfactory conventions).
A sutileza com que o perfume se desenvolve na pele é uma marca de qualidade.
The subtlety with which the perfume develops on the skin is a mark of quality.
'Sutileza' (subtlety), 'desenvolve na pele' (develops on the skin), 'marca de qualidade' (mark of quality).
Ele é um colecionador ávido de perfumes artesanais, valorizando a singularidade de cada frasco.
He is an avid collector of artisanal perfumes, valuing the uniqueness of each bottle.
'Colecionador ávido' (avid collector), 'artesanais' (artisanal), 'singularidade' (uniqueness).
A projeção deste perfume é moderada, ideal para ambientes de trabalho.
The projection of this perfume is moderate, ideal for work environments.
'Projeção' (projection - scent sillage), 'moderada' (moderate), 'ambientes de trabalho' (work environments).
A longevidade do perfume permitiu que a sua essência permanecesse ao longo de todo o evento.
The perfume's longevity allowed its essence to remain throughout the entire event.
'Longevidade' (longevity), 'essência' (essence), 'permanecesse' (remained), 'ao longo de' (throughout).
O uso de ingredientes raros confere a este perfume um caráter exclusivo e inimitável.
The use of rare ingredients gives this perfume an exclusive and inimitable character.
'Ingredientes raros' (rare ingredients), 'confere' (confers/gives), 'caráter exclusivo e inimitável' (exclusive and inimitable character).
A intrincada tapeçaria olfativa deste perfume é um testemunho da mestria do perfumista.
The intricate olfactory tapestry of this perfume is a testament to the perfumer's mastery.
'Intrincada tapeçaria olfativa' (intricate olfactory tapestry), 'testemunho' (testament), 'mestria' (mastery).
A capacidade deste perfume de evocar emoções profundas e ressonância pessoal é notável.
This perfume's ability to evoke deep emotions and personal resonance is remarkable.
'Capacidade' (ability), 'evocar emoções profundas' (evoke deep emotions), 'ressonância pessoal' (personal resonance), 'notável' (remarkable).
A efemeridade de certas notas de saída contrasta com a robustez duradoura da base do perfume.
The ephemerality of certain top notes contrasts with the enduring robustness of the perfume's base.
'Efemeridade' (ephemerality), 'notas de saída' (top notes), 'contrasta' (contrasts), 'robustez duradoura' (enduring robustness).
A sinergia entre os elementos florais e amadeirados confere a este perfume uma aura de sofisticação atemporal.
The synergy between the floral and woody elements gives this perfume an aura of timeless sophistication.
'Sinergia' (synergy), 'elementos florais e amadeirados' (floral and woody elements), 'aura de sofisticação atemporal' (aura of timeless sophistication).
Este perfume transcende as tendências passageiras, estabelecendo-se como um clássico olfativo.
This perfume transcends fleeting trends, establishing itself as an olfactory classic.
'Transcende' (transcends), 'tendências passageiras' (fleeting trends), 'clássico olfativo' (olfactory classic).
A casa de perfumes é conhecida pela sua abordagem vanguardista na exploração de novas matérias-primas.
The perfume house is known for its avant-garde approach to exploring new raw materials.
'Casa de perfumes' (perfume house), 'abordagem vanguardista' (avant-garde approach), 'exploração' (exploration), 'matérias-primas' (raw materials).
A interconexão entre a memória afetiva e a percepção do perfume é um campo de estudo fascinante.
The interconnection between affective memory and perfume perception is a fascinating field of study.
'Interconexão' (interconnection), 'memória afetiva' (affective memory), 'percepção' (perception), 'campo de estudo' (field of study).
A capacidade de um perfume em dialogar com o portador e o ambiente circundante é uma arte sutil.
A perfume's ability to dialogue with the wearer and the surrounding environment is a subtle art.
'Dialogar com' (to dialogue with), 'portador' (wearer), 'ambiente circundante' (surrounding environment), 'arte sutil' (subtle art).
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
— This is a common question to ask someone about the scent they are wearing.
Quando você passa, eu sempre pergunto: 'Que perfume você usa?'
— A compliment about someone's scent.
Recebi muitos elogios hoje, especialmente quando alguém disse: 'O seu perfume é delicioso.'
— Expressing the need to purchase perfume.
Meu perfume acabou, preciso comprar um perfume.
— Expressing strong liking for a particular perfume.
Depois de experimentar vários, decidi que gosto muito deste perfume.
— Indicating that a perfume's scent is too intense.
Cuidado ao aplicar, este perfume é muito forte e pode incomodar.
— Referring to a perfume suitable for important events.
Guardo este perfume caro para ocasiões especiais.
— Referring to the scent emanating from a perfume.
Eu adoro o cheiro do perfume que você está usando.
— Referring to perfume that is imported from another country.
Ela só usa perfume importado de marcas famosas.
— Referring to perfume manufactured within the country.
Existem ótimos perfumes nacionais com preços acessíveis.
— The correct way to apply perfume for maximum effect.
Lembre-se de aplicar perfume nos pontos de pulsação para que ele dure mais.
Often Confused With
'Aroma' refers specifically to the smell itself, while 'perfume' is the liquid product that creates the aroma. You can have the aroma of a perfume.
'Cheiro' is a general term for smell, which can be good or bad. 'Perfume' always implies a good smell.
'Essência' refers to the concentrated oils used to make perfume, rather than the finished product.
Idioms & Expressions
— To leave a noticeable scent behind as you move. It implies a pleasant and memorable fragrance.
Ela sempre entra na sala deixando um rastro de perfume que encanta a todos.
— To smell or feel young and fresh. Often used metaphorically.
A brisa da manhã tinha o perfume da juventude, cheia de promessas.
— To have a smell that is cheap, artificial, or low-quality, often associated with overpowering or unpleasant synthetic fragrances.
Aquele produto de limpeza tinha um cheiro a perfume barato que me deu dor de cabeça.
— A perfume specifically chosen for a particular event or situation, often implying it's not an everyday scent.
Ela guardava um perfume de ocasião especial para o casamento da amiga.
— Refers to the core essence or character of a perfume, the defining scent that makes it unique.
A alma deste perfume está nas notas amadeiradas que perduram.
— To smell strongly and pleasantly of flowers, often used to describe someone or something that is very fragrant and pleasant.
O jardim inteiro parecia cheirar a perfume de flor depois da chuva.
— A perfume that is noticeable and memorable, making a strong impression.
Ela usava um perfume que marca presença, todos notavam quando ela chegava.
— Similar to 'a alma do perfume', this refers to the fundamental character or spirit of the fragrance.
A essência do perfume captura a alegria do verão.
— A perfume that fades quickly and has very little longevity.
Comprei um perfume novo, mas infelizmente é um perfume que não dura nada.
— A metaphorical description of the scent associated with nighttime, often romantic or mysterious.
O ar da noite trazia o perfume da noite, misturado com o cheiro da terra molhada.
Easily Confused
Both relate to pleasant smells.
Perfume is the product (liquid), while aroma is the resulting smell. You apply 'perfume' to get an 'aroma'.
O perfume tem um aroma doce.
Both are types of fragrances.
Perfume generally refers to a higher concentration and longer-lasting scent than cologne, which is typically lighter and fresher.
Prefiro usar perfume à noite e colônia durante o dia.
Related to the noun 'perfume'.
'Perfume' is the noun (the product), while 'perfumar' is the verb (the action of applying or creating a scent).
Eu vou perfumar o quarto com um spray.
Both refer to pleasant smells.
Fragrância is the scent itself, often used more formally or descriptively. Perfume is the physical item that emits the fragrância.
A fragrância deste perfume é muito sofisticada.
Describes something that smells good.
'Perfume' is the noun (the product), while 'cheiroso' is an adjective meaning 'fragrant' or 'smelly (in a good way)'. A perfume is 'cheiroso'.
Este perfume é muito cheiroso.
Sentence Patterns
Eu gosto de [perfume].
Eu gosto de perfume.
Quero um [perfume].
Quero um perfume.
Este [perfume] é [adjective].
Este perfume é bom.
Eu uso [perfume] todos os dias.
Eu uso perfume todos os dias.
O cheiro de [perfume] é [adjective].
O cheiro de perfume é agradável.
Ela comprou um [perfume] para [purpose].
Ela comprou um perfume para presente.
A fragrância deste [perfume] dura [time].
A fragrância deste perfume dura o dia todo.
Este [perfume] é uma criação [adjective] de [person/brand].
Este perfume é uma criação exclusiva de um renomado perfumista.
Word Family
Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
Related
How to Use It
High
-
Using feminine articles/adjectives with 'perfume'.
→
Eu uso um perfume bom.
The word 'perfume' is masculine in Portuguese. Therefore, it requires masculine articles ('o', 'um') and masculine adjectives ('bom', 'agradável', 'forte'). An incorrect sentence would be 'Eu uso uma perfume boa'.
-
Incorrect pluralization.
→
Comprei dois perfumes.
The plural of 'perfume' is 'perfumes'. Learners might forget to add the 's' or incorrectly pluralize it. Saying 'Comprei dois perfume' is incorrect.
-
Confusing 'perfume' (product) with 'aroma'/'cheiro' (smell).
→
O aroma deste perfume é maravilhoso.
'Perfume' is the liquid product. 'Aroma' or 'cheiro' refers to the scent. You apply 'perfume' to get an 'aroma'. Saying 'Eu comprei um aroma' is incorrect.
-
Incorrect adjective placement.
→
Ela gosta de perfume floral.
In Portuguese, descriptive adjectives usually follow the noun. A common mistake is placing them before, like in English. So, 'perfume floral' is correct, not 'floral perfume'.
-
Using 'perfume' as a verb.
→
Eu vou perfumar o quarto.
While 'to perfume' is a verb in English, the Portuguese equivalent verb is 'perfumar'. The noun 'perfume' is not used as a verb.
Tips
Gender Matters!
Remember that 'perfume' is masculine in Portuguese. Always use the masculine article 'o' or 'um' and ensure adjectives agree in gender. For example, 'o perfume é cheiroso', not 'a perfume é cheirosa'.
Beyond 'Perfume'
While 'perfume' is the main word, learn related terms like 'aroma' (smell), 'fragrância' (fragrance), and 'perfumar' (to scent) to enrich your vocabulary and express nuances.
Stress is Key
The word 'perfume' in Portuguese is stressed on the second syllable: per-FUME. Practice saying it aloud to get the rhythm right.
Application Points
When talking about applying perfume, mention 'pontos de pulsação' (pulse points) like wrists and neck, as this is the standard advice and a common phrase.
A Daily Ritual
In many Portuguese-speaking cultures, wearing perfume is a daily habit for both men and women, not just for special events. It's considered an important part of personal presentation.
Sentence Building
Try creating simple sentences using 'perfume' with different adjectives: 'perfume doce', 'perfume fresco', 'perfume forte'. This reinforces vocabulary and grammar.
Types of Fragrances
Familiarize yourself with terms like 'Eau de Parfum', 'Eau de Toilette', and 'Colônia' as they are often used in Portuguese contexts when discussing specific products.
Hear It in Action
Listen to Portuguese music or watch Brazilian/Portuguese telenovelas. You'll likely hear the word 'perfume' used in everyday conversations about beauty and style.
Visual Association
Imagine a beautiful, smoky trail ('fume') coming from a fancy bottle. This visual can help you remember the word 'perfume' and its meaning.
Complimenting Scents
Learn phrases like 'Que perfume você está usando?' (What perfume are you wearing?) or 'Seu perfume é ótimo!' (Your perfume is great!) to engage in conversations.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Imagine a 'PER'fect 'FUME' (smoke) rising from a beautiful bottle. The 'PER'fect 'FUME' is the lovely smell of the perfume.
Visual Association
Picture a luxurious perfume bottle with elegant smoke or mist swirling around it, carrying a beautiful scent.
Word Web
Challenge
Try to describe your favorite perfume using at least three adjectives in Portuguese. For example, 'Meu perfume favorito é doce, floral e fresco.'
Word Origin
The word 'perfume' comes from the Latin phrase 'per fumum', meaning 'through smoke'. This relates to the ancient practice of burning aromatic substances to create fragrances.
Original meaning: Through smoke.
Latin -> French -> English/PortugueseCultural Context
While perfume is generally well-received, some people have sensitivities or allergies to certain fragrances. It's polite to be mindful of others in enclosed spaces.
In English-speaking cultures, perfume is also widely used, with similar associations of personal care, attractiveness, and self-expression. The global perfume industry heavily influences trends worldwide.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Personal care and grooming
- Usar perfume todos os dias.
- Aplicar perfume pela manhã.
- Perfume é essencial para mim.
Shopping for beauty products
- Onde posso comprar perfume?
- Você tem este perfume?
- Quero experimentar um perfume novo.
Giving and receiving gifts
- Um perfume é um ótimo presente.
- Comprei um perfume para você.
- Obrigado pelo perfume!
Describing scents and preferences
- Gosto de perfumes florais.
- Este perfume é muito forte.
- Qual é o seu perfume favorito?
Social events and compliments
- Seu perfume está ótimo!
- Adorei o seu perfume.
- Que perfume você está usando?
Conversation Starters
"What kind of perfumes do you like the most?"
"Do you wear perfume every day, or only on special occasions?"
"What was the last perfume you bought?"
"Do you think perfume can influence your mood?"
"What's the most memorable perfume you've ever smelled?"
Journal Prompts
Describe your favorite perfume. What does it smell like? When do you like to wear it?
Think about a perfume that reminds you of a special person or memory. Write about that connection.
If you could create your own perfume, what would it smell like? What would you call it?
How does wearing perfume make you feel? Does it boost your confidence?
What are your thoughts on different types of fragrances, like floral, woody, or citrus?
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsIn Portuguese, 'perfume' is a masculine noun. This means you will use masculine articles like 'o' (the) and 'um' (a) with it, and any adjectives describing it should also be in the masculine form. For example, 'o perfume é bom' (the perfume is good) and 'um perfume caro' (an expensive perfume).
You say 'Eu gosto de perfume'. Remember that the verb 'gostar' (to like) in Portuguese is followed by the preposition 'de'. So, it's 'gosto de perfume', not 'gosto perfume'.
While 'perfume' is the general term for a strong fragrance, 'eau de toilette' (often shortened to EDT) and 'colônia' (cologne) refer to lighter concentrations. 'Eau de parfum' (EDP) is usually stronger than EDT but less concentrated than pure perfume. In everyday Portuguese, 'perfume' is often used as an umbrella term, but these distinctions exist, especially in product labeling.
The noun 'perfume' is very common. The related verb in Portuguese is 'perfumar', which means 'to perfume' or 'to scent'. For example, 'Ele perfumou o lenço' means 'He perfumed the handkerchief'. You wouldn't typically use 'perfume' itself as a verb.
The plural form of 'perfume' in Portuguese is 'perfumes'. You simply add an 's' to the end. For instance, 'Eu tenho dois perfumes favoritos' means 'I have two favorite perfumes'.
Some common adjectives include: 'bom' (good), 'agradável' (pleasant), 'forte' (strong), 'suave' (soft/mild), 'doce' (sweet), 'floral' (floral), 'cítrico' (citrusy), 'amadeirado' (woody), 'fresco' (fresh), and 'caro' (expensive).
In Portuguese, as in English, perfume is typically applied to pulse points on the body where heat helps diffuse the fragrance. Common spots include the wrists ('pulsos'), neck ('pescoço'), and behind the ears ('atrás das orelhas'). A common phrase is 'aplicar perfume nos pontos de pulsação'.
Yes, perfume is a very common and appreciated gift in Portuguese-speaking cultures, suitable for birthdays, holidays, and other special occasions. Phrases like 'Um perfume é um ótimo presente' (A perfume is a great gift) are frequently heard.
'Perfume de ocasião' translates to 'perfume for an occasion'. It refers to a specific scent chosen for a special event or situation, often implying it's not an everyday fragrance but something more distinguished or celebratory.
A very common way to ask is 'Que perfume você está usando?' (What perfume are you wearing?). You can also ask 'Que perfume você usa?' which is slightly more general but also common.
Test Yourself 10 questions
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Perfume is a scented liquid applied to the body for a pleasant aroma. In Portuguese, it's 'o perfume' (masculine noun), used in daily life and for special occasions.
- Perfume is a fragrant liquid for the body.
- It makes you smell nice.
- It is used daily or for special times.
- Portuguese word is 'perfume' (masculine).
Gender Matters!
Remember that 'perfume' is masculine in Portuguese. Always use the masculine article 'o' or 'um' and ensure adjectives agree in gender. For example, 'o perfume é cheiroso', not 'a perfume é cheirosa'.
Beyond 'Perfume'
While 'perfume' is the main word, learn related terms like 'aroma' (smell), 'fragrância' (fragrance), and 'perfumar' (to scent) to enrich your vocabulary and express nuances.
Stress is Key
The word 'perfume' in Portuguese is stressed on the second syllable: per-FUME. Practice saying it aloud to get the rhythm right.
Application Points
When talking about applying perfume, mention 'pontos de pulsação' (pulse points) like wrists and neck, as this is the standard advice and a common phrase.
Example
Ela usa sempre um perfume doce.
Related Content
Learn it in Context
This Word in Other Languages
More daily_life words
à noite
A2at night; during the period from sunset to sunrise.
a par de
C1Aware of; abreast of; in addition to.
a propósito
B2By the way; incidentally; speaking of that.
à tarde
A2in the afternoon; during the period from noon to evening.
abastecimento
C1The action of supplying something with something else; provision of goods.
abotoar
B2To fasten (clothing) with buttons.
abranger
C1To cover, encompass, or include a wide range of things.
abre
B1Opens (third person singular of 'abrir').
Abril
A1April
Abrir
A1To open
