Mleko is a fundamental neuter noun used for both animal milk and plant-based alternatives in everyday Slovenian.
واژه در 30 ثانیه
- A white liquid produced by mammals for food.
- Essential A1 vocabulary for daily life and shopping.
- Neuter gender noun (srednji spol) in Slovenian grammar.
Pregled
Beseda 'mleko' je osnovni samostalnik v slovenščini, ki označuje eno najpomembnejših živil. Spada v srednji spol in je ena prvih besed, ki se jih naučijo začetniki, saj je nepogrešljiva v vsakdanjem življenju, zlasti pri zajtrku in nakupovanju. V Sloveniji ima mleko dolgo tradicijo, saj je država znana po svoji mlekarski industriji in pašništvu v alpskem svetu.
Vzorci uporabe
Kot samostalnik srednjega spola se 'mleko' sklanja po vzorcu 'mesto'. V rodilniku ednine se glasi 'mleka' (npr. 'Nimam mleka'), v dajalniku 'mleku' in v orodniku 'z mlekom'. Najpogosteje ga uporabljamo v povezavi z glagoli uživanja, kot so 'piti', 'kupiti', 'naliti' ali 'zavreti'. Pogosto nastopa v vlogi dopolnila v stavkih, ki opisujejo pripravo napitkov, na primer 'kava z mlekom' ali 'čaj z mlekom'.
Pogosti konteksti
Besedo najpogosteje srečamo v gospodinjskem okolju (kuhinja), v trgovinah s prehrano in v restavracijah oziroma kavarnah. Poleg kravjega mleka se v sodobnem času beseda uporablja tudi za rastlinske napitke (npr. mandljevo ali ovseno mleko), čeprav se uradno v trgovinah ti izdelki pogosto imenujejo 'napitki'. V Sloveniji so specifičen kontekst tudi 'mlekomati' – avtomati za prodajo svežega, surovega mleka neposredno s kmetij.
Primerjava s podobnimi besedami
Začetniki besedo 'mleko' včasih zamenjajo z besedo 'moka' (flour) zaradi podobnega začetka na črko 'm', vendar gre za popolnoma različni kategoriji živil. Prav tako je pomembno razlikovati med 'mlekom' kot tekočino in 'mlečnimi izdelki', kar je krovni izraz za sir, skuto, maslo in jogurt. Pridevnik 'mlečen' (npr. mlečna čokolada) se uporablja za opisovanje stvari, ki vsebujejo mleko ali so mu podobne po barvi (mlečno steklo).
مثالها
Vsako jutro pijem sveže mleko.
everydayI drink fresh milk every morning.
Prosimo, da preverite rok uporabe mleka.
formalPlease check the expiration date of the milk.
A mi daš mal mleka za kavo?
informalCan you give me some milk for the coffee?
Mleko je bogat vir kalcija in beljakovin.
academicMilk is a rich source of calcium and proteins.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
obljubljati med in mleko
to promise the moon and stars (literally: honey and milk)
še je mlečen okoli ust
he is still wet behind the ears
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
Moka means flour. While both are white kitchen staples starting with 'm', one is a liquid and the other is a powder.
Mleček refers to the milky sap of plants (latex) or certain types of plants, not the beverage.
الگوهای دستوری
How to Use It
نکات کاربردی
In Slovenian, 'mleko' is almost always used in the singular. Even when referring to multiple cartons, we say 'veliko mleka' (a lot of milk). It is a neutral word suitable for all social situations, from casual breakfasts to formal culinary discussions.
اشتباهات رایج
English speakers often forget that 'mleko' is neuter and try to use masculine endings for adjectives. Another common error is failing to change 'mleko' to 'mleka' in negative sentences (e.g., saying 'ne pijem mleko' instead of the correct 'ne pijem mleka').
Tips
Ordering coffee like a local
When ordering coffee, 'mleko' changes to 'z mlekom'. This is the instrumental case used after the preposition 'z'.
Watch out for the word 'moka'
Don't confuse 'mleko' (milk) with 'moka' (flour). They both start with 'm' and are found in the kitchen, but are very different!
Slovenia's unique milk vending machines
In many Slovenian towns, you will find 'mlekomati'. These machines provide fresh, local milk 24/7, reflecting the country's strong agricultural roots.
ریشه کلمه
The word 'mleko' comes from the Proto-Slavic *melko, which shares a common Indo-European root with the English word 'milk' and German 'Milch'.
بافت فرهنگی
Milk is a staple in Slovenian cuisine, appearing in traditional dishes like 'močnik' or 'mlečni riž'. The 'mlekomat' culture in Slovenian cities highlights the preference for local, fresh production over industrial processing.
راهنمای حفظ
Think of the 'm' in 'mleko' as standing for 'Mammal' and the 'o' at the end as the shape of a glass rim. M-L-E-K-O.
سوالات متداول
4 سوالNe, mleko je srednjega spola (to mleko). To vpliva na končnice pridevnikov, npr. 'sveže mleko'.
Preprosto rečete: 'Kavo z mlekom, prosim.' Uporabite predlog 'z' in orodnik.
To je samopostrežni avtomat, kjer lahko kupite sveže mleko neposredno s kmetije.
Poznamo kravje, kozje in ovčje mleko, pa tudi rastlinska mleka, kot sta riževo in sojino.
خودت رو بسنج
V hladilniku nimamo več ___.
After the negation 'nimamo' (we don't have), we must use the genitive case 'mleka'.
Pijem ___ mleko.
Since 'mleko' is neuter, the adjective must also be in the neuter form 'sveže'.
mleko / Mačka / pije / rada
The standard SVO (Subject-Verb-Object) order with an adverb is 'Mačka rada pije mleko'.
امتیاز: /3
Summary
Mleko is a fundamental neuter noun used for both animal milk and plant-based alternatives in everyday Slovenian.
- A white liquid produced by mammals for food.
- Essential A1 vocabulary for daily life and shopping.
- Neuter gender noun (srednji spol) in Slovenian grammar.
Ordering coffee like a local
When ordering coffee, 'mleko' changes to 'z mlekom'. This is the instrumental case used after the preposition 'z'.
Watch out for the word 'moka'
Don't confuse 'mleko' (milk) with 'moka' (flour). They both start with 'm' and are found in the kitchen, but are very different!
Slovenia's unique milk vending machines
In many Slovenian towns, you will find 'mlekomati'. These machines provide fresh, local milk 24/7, reflecting the country's strong agricultural roots.
مثالها
4 از 4Vsako jutro pijem sveže mleko.
I drink fresh milk every morning.
Prosimo, da preverite rok uporabe mleka.
Please check the expiration date of the milk.
A mi daš mal mleka za kavo?
Can you give me some milk for the coffee?
Mleko je bogat vir kalcija in beljakovin.
Milk is a rich source of calcium and proteins.
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