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A2 verb 12 min read

清理

qīnglǐ
Examples
Explanation 清理 in your Level:
At the A1 beginner level, you are just starting to learn how to talk about your daily routines and your immediate environment. While you might first learn words like 'wash' (洗) or 'clean' (打扫), the word 清理 (qīng lǐ) is a fantastic addition to your vocabulary because it helps you talk about making your space neat. Imagine your bedroom is very messy with clothes, toys, and books everywhere. You don't just need to sweep the floor; you need to put things away and throw out the trash. This action of 'clearing up' is exactly what this word means. It is a verb, which means it describes an action. You will usually put the thing you are cleaning right after the word. For example, if you want to say 'clean the room', you say '清理房间'. If you want to say 'clean the desk', you say '清理桌子'. It is a very useful word when your Chinese teacher asks you to clean up your study area, or when you want to tell your host family that you are going to tidy up your belongings. Remember, it is not for washing your hands or face; it is for organizing things and throwing away rubbish to make a space look nice and empty again. Practice using it with simple nouns you already know, like room, desk, bag, or car.
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At the A2 elementary level, your ability to describe tasks and daily chores is expanding. You are no longer just naming objects; you are describing processes. The word 清理 (qīng lǐ) becomes extremely important here because it bridges the gap between simple cleaning and organizing. At this level, you should start noticing the difference between 打扫 (sweeping/cleaning dirt) and this word, which means to clear out clutter. You can use this word to talk about weekend chores, like clearing out the garage or sorting through old clothes. Furthermore, because you are likely learning how to use smartphones or computers in Chinese, this word is vital. Whenever your phone says 'storage full', the button you press to fix it will say 清理. It means to clear the cache or delete junk files. You should also start practicing this word with the 把 (bǎ) structure, which you learn around this level. Instead of just saying '我清理房间' (I clean the room), you can say '我把房间清理了' (I took the room and cleaned it out). This makes your Chinese sound much more natural and active. You can also add result words after it, like 干净 (clean). Saying '清理干净' means you cleared it out until it was perfectly clean. This is a very common and powerful way to express completion in daily Chinese conversations.
At the B1 intermediate level, your vocabulary needs to become more nuanced, and your understanding of word components should deepen. The word 清理 (qīng lǐ) is a perfect example of how Chinese characters combine to create specific meanings. 清 means clear or pure, and 理 means to manage or put in order. Therefore, this word isn't just about physical dirt; it's about managing a space or system to restore clarity and order. At this level, you should confidently use it in both physical and abstract contexts. Physically, you use it for decluttering, clearing out gutters, or removing obstacles. Abstractly, you can use it to talk about sorting out your thoughts (清理思路) or clearing up a complicated situation. You will also encounter this word frequently in news articles or announcements regarding municipal work, such as the city government clearing away illegal street vendors or cleaning up a polluted river. Grammatically, you should be comfortable using adverbs with it, such as 定期清理 (to clean out regularly) or 彻底清理 (to clean out thoroughly). You should also be able to distinguish it clearly from synonyms like 整理 (to tidy up without throwing things away) and 清除 (to eradicate or eliminate completely). Mastering the specific contexts where this word is preferred over its synonyms is a key milestone for B1 learners, allowing for much more precise and native-like expression in both spoken and written Chinese.
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At the B2 upper-intermediate level, you are expected to handle complex texts and professional conversations. The application of 清理 (qīng lǐ) expands significantly into professional, financial, and administrative domains. In business Chinese, this word is essential for discussing the liquidation of assets, the auditing of old accounts (清理账目), or the resolution of outstanding debts. It implies a systematic and often official process of reviewing and resolving complicated matters. You will frequently see it in formal documents, legal notices, and corporate reports. Furthermore, in the context of IT and systems management, it is the standard terminology for data sanitization, database maintenance, and system optimization. At this level, your grammatical control over the word should be flawless. You should naturally employ passive structures when appropriate, such as '违规建筑被清理了' (The illegal structures were cleared away), which is common in journalistic style. You should also be adept at using it in complex serial verb constructions and with a variety of directional and resultative complements, such as 清理出去 (to clear out/remove) or 清理完毕 (to finish clearing up). Understanding the socio-cultural implications of the word—such as its use in political campaigns to 'clean up' corruption or bureaucratic inefficiency—will also enhance your reading comprehension of Chinese media and literature, demonstrating a high level of linguistic and cultural fluency.
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At the C1 advanced level, your engagement with the language involves grasping subtle connotations, idiomatic usage, and the rhetorical power of vocabulary. The verb 清理 (qīng lǐ), while common, serves as a powerful metaphorical tool in advanced discourse. Beyond its literal applications in physical and digital spaces, or its administrative use in finance, C1 learners should appreciate its capacity to describe the systematic purging of undesirable elements within social, political, or ideological frameworks. For instance, in historical or political texts, you will encounter phrases like 清理阶级队伍 (clearing out the class ranks) or 清理门户 (cleaning house/purging one's own organization), where the word carries heavy, sometimes severe, implications of ideological purification or the enforcement of strict discipline. Furthermore, in literary contexts, the word can be used to describe profound psychological or emotional processes, such as a protagonist systematically clearing away the trauma of their past to achieve mental clarity. Your productive use of the word should reflect this versatility. You should be able to seamlessly integrate it into sophisticated sentence structures, employing advanced rhetorical devices and collocations. You must intuitively grasp when to use this word versus highly formal equivalents like 肃清 (to eradicate/purge) or 廓清 (to clear up/clarify), depending on the exact register, tone, and historical context of your communication.
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At the C2 mastery level, your understanding of 清理 (qīng lǐ) should be indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. This means possessing a deep, intuitive grasp of its etymological roots, its historical evolution, and its precise semantic boundaries across all registers of the Chinese language. You understand that the combination of 清 (water radical, implying washing away impurities) and 理 (jade radical, implying cutting jade along its natural veins to create order) perfectly encapsulates the dual nature of the word: purification and systematic ordering. At this level, you effortlessly navigate its use in highly specialized fields, such as legal liquidation procedures (破产清理), advanced computer science (garbage collection algorithms in programming), and complex bureaucratic restructuring. You are fully capable of employing the word in spontaneous, high-level debates, academic writing, and literary critique, manipulating its connotations to serve your rhetorical goals. You recognize when the word is being used euphemistically in political discourse to soften the harsh reality of purges or mass dismissals. Your mastery is evident not just in avoiding errors, but in your ability to play with the word, create novel but natural-sounding metaphors, and fully exploit its semantic potential to articulate complex, abstract concepts regarding order, purification, and the systematic removal of chaos in any conceivable context.
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Examples
The Chinese verb 清理 (qīng lǐ) is an incredibly versatile and essential vocabulary word that goes far beyond the simple concept of cleaning. While beginners often learn it as a synonym for clearing up or cleaning out, its true essence lies in the combination of its two constituent characters. The first character, 清 (qīng), means clear, pure, or to clean. It carries the connotation of removing impurities or obstacles to achieve a state of clarity. The second character, 理 (lǐ), means reason, logic, to manage, or to put into order. Therefore, when you combine these two concepts, you get a word that implies not just removing dirt, but systematically organizing, sorting, and clearing away the unnecessary to restore order and functionality. This makes it a foundational word for intermediate learners aiming to express more complex actions than merely sweeping a floor.
Physical Spaces
When applied to physical environments, this word refers to the act of removing clutter, debris, or unwanted items from a specific area, such as a room, a desk, or a storage unit, to make it usable again.

我们需要清理一下车库里的杂物。(We need to clean out the clutter in the garage.)

Beyond physical spaces, this word is heavily used in digital contexts. In our modern technological era, managing digital clutter is a daily task.
Digital Contexts
It is the standard term for clearing cache, deleting old files, emptying the digital trash bin, and optimizing computer or smartphone storage space.

手机内存满了，我得清理一下缓存。(My phone storage is full; I have to clear the cache.)

You will frequently see this word in software interfaces, often accompanied by a broom icon. Another crucial application of this word is in administrative, financial, and organizational settings.
Administrative and Financial
In business, it refers to liquidating assets, sorting out complicated accounts, clearing up debts, or resolving long-standing bureaucratic issues.

会计正在清理公司的旧账。(The accountant is sorting out the company's old accounts.)

Furthermore, this word can be applied to abstract concepts, such as thoughts, relationships, or social environments. When someone is confused, they might need to clear their mind. When a society wants to remove corrupt elements, they might launch a campaign to clear them out.

散步可以帮助我清理思路。(Taking a walk helps me clear my thoughts.)

As you can see, the core thread connecting all these usages is the transition from chaos, clutter, or confusion to a state of order, emptiness, or clarity. It is an active, purposeful process. Whether you are dealing with a messy bedroom, a sluggish computer, a complicated financial ledger, or a troubled mind, this verb provides the exact semantic nuance required to describe the restorative action.

政府决定清理河道里的垃圾。(The government decided to clear out the garbage in the river channel.)

Understanding the depth of this word will significantly elevate your Chinese proficiency, allowing you to speak more naturally across a wide variety of daily and professional topics.
Mastering the syntactic behavior of the verb 清理 (qīng lǐ) is crucial for constructing natural-sounding Chinese sentences. As a transitive verb, it almost always takes a direct object. The structure is generally Subject + Verb + Object. However, because the action of clearing or cleaning out implies a result, this verb is exceptionally well-suited for use with resultative complements. A resultative complement is an additional character or word placed immediately after the verb to indicate the outcome of the action.
With Resultative Complements
The most common complements used with this verb are 干净 (clean/completely) and 出去 (out/away). These emphasize that the clearing process has been successfully completed.

我已经把冰箱清理干净了。(I have already cleaned out the refrigerator completely.)

Another vital grammatical pattern involves using adverbs to modify the intensity or frequency of the action. When you want to express that a space is cleared out thoroughly, you use the adverb 彻底 (chè dǐ). When you want to express that the action is done on a regular basis, you use 定期 (dìng qī).
With Adverbs of Degree and Frequency
Placing adverbs like 彻底 (thoroughly) or 定期 (regularly) before the verb provides critical context about how the cleaning is performed.

为了保证电脑运行速度，你需要定期清理垃圾文件。(To ensure the computer runs fast, you need to regularly clear out junk files.)

Furthermore, this verb can be used in passive structures, particularly when the focus is on the object being removed rather than the person doing the removing. In formal contexts, such as news reports or official announcements, the passive voice marker 被 (bèi) is frequently employed.
In Passive Structures
Use 被 (bèi) to indicate that something was cleared away by someone or something, often used in public or municipal contexts.

路上的积雪已经被工人清理了。(The accumulated snow on the road has already been cleared by the workers.)

It is also common to see this verb used in a serial verb construction, where it is followed by another verb indicating the purpose of the clearing. For example, clearing space to make room for something else.

他清理出一张桌子来放新电脑。(He cleared off a desk to put the new computer on.)

Finally, consider the usage in imperative sentences. When giving commands or suggestions, especially in a household or office setting, it is often softened with 一下 (yí xià), meaning 'a little bit' or 'briefly'. This makes the request sound less demanding and more polite.

请你把桌子清理一下。(Please clear off the desk a bit.)

By practicing these sentence patterns—especially the 把 structure, resultative complements, and adverbial modifiers—you will be able to use this vocabulary word with the confidence and accuracy of a native Chinese speaker.
To truly acquire a language, one must understand the ecological niche of its vocabulary. The verb 清理 (qīng lǐ) occupies a vast and varied landscape in everyday Chinese life, appearing in contexts ranging from the mundane chores of a household to the high-stakes environments of corporate finance and urban management. One of the most common places you will hear this word is within the domestic sphere, particularly during times of transition or deep cleaning.
Household and Moving
When a family is preparing to move to a new apartment, or during the traditional spring cleaning before the Lunar New Year, this word is constantly spoken as people decide what to throw away and what to keep.

搬家前，我们花了一整天清理旧衣服。(Before moving, we spent a whole day clearing out old clothes.)

Moving out of the physical world and into the digital realm, you will encounter this word on almost every electronic device you own. Chinese software interfaces, from mobile operating systems to web browsers, heavily rely on this term.
Digital Devices and Software
Buttons prompting you to clear memory, delete browsing history, or remove junk files will almost universally use this specific verb.

请点击这里清理系统垃圾。(Please click here to clear system junk.)

Furthermore, if you watch Chinese news broadcasts or read newspapers, you will frequently encounter this word in the context of municipal administration and public works. City governments are constantly launching campaigns to improve the urban environment.
Municipal and Public Works
Reports about clearing illegal structures, removing debris after a storm, or dredging rivers will utilize this term to describe the organized effort of government workers.

市容管理部门正在清理违章建筑。(The city appearance management department is clearing away illegal structures.)

In the corporate and financial sectors, the word takes on a more specialized meaning related to auditing and liquidation. If a company goes bankrupt, or if there is a change in management, a thorough review of the financial status is required.

破产后，法院指定了团队来清理公司资产。(After bankruptcy, the court appointed a team to liquidate the company's assets.)

Finally, in everyday conversational Chinese, you might hear people use it metaphorically when discussing personal issues. If someone has had a complicated past or is dealing with toxic relationships, they might speak of needing to sort out their social circle or emotional baggage.

我觉得我需要清理一下我的朋友圈。(I feel like I need to clean out my circle of friends.)

By paying attention to these diverse contexts—from the digital screen in your hand to the evening news broadcast—you will quickly realize how indispensable this word is for navigating modern Chinese society.
When learning Chinese vocabulary related to cleaning and organizing, English speakers frequently fall into specific traps due to the nuances that do not perfectly map onto English equivalents. The verb 清理 (qīng lǐ) is particularly susceptible to these errors because English often uses the single word 'clean' for a wide variety of actions that Chinese divides into distinct verbs. The most prevalent mistake is confusing it with 打扫 (dǎ sǎo).
Confusing with 打扫 (Sweeping/Cleaning)
打扫 refers specifically to the physical act of cleaning surfaces, usually involving sweeping, mopping, or wiping away dust and dirt. Our target word, however, implies sorting, organizing, and removing unwanted items.

Wrong: 我用拖把清理地板。(I used a mop to clear out the floor.)

Another frequent error involves the verb 洗 (xǐ), which means to wash with water or liquid. English speakers might think of 'cleaning the dishes' or 'cleaning a wound' and mistakenly attempt to use our target word.
Confusing with 洗 (Washing)
If the cleaning process inherently requires water and soap (like washing clothes, dishes, or hands), you must use 洗 (xǐ), never our target word.

Wrong: 饭后我需要清理盘子。(I need to clear out the plates after the meal - meaning wash them.)

A third common mistake is using it interchangeably with 整理 (zhěng lǐ). While closely related, they have a distinct difference in intent.
Confusing with 整理 (Organizing)
整理 means to tidy up or put things in order without necessarily throwing anything away. You keep all the items but arrange them neatly. Our target word strongly implies that some items will be discarded, deleted, or removed entirely.

If you just make your bed and stack your books neatly, you are doing 整理, not 清理.

Finally, learners sometimes struggle with the grammatical requirement of a direct object. In English, you can simply say 'I need to clean up' without specifying what you are cleaning. In Chinese, using this verb without an object often sounds incomplete unless the context is overwhelmingly clear.

Wrong: 周末我很忙，我需要清理。(I am busy this weekend, I need to clean out.)

Correct: 周末我很忙，我需要清理房间。(I am busy this weekend, I need to clean out the room.)

By being mindful of these distinctions—especially the differences between sorting/discarding, surface cleaning, and washing—you will avoid the most common pitfalls and sound much more authentic in your Chinese expression.
The Chinese language boasts a rich vocabulary for concepts related to cleaning, ordering, and removing. Understanding the subtle distinctions between these synonyms is a hallmark of an advanced learner. While 清理 (qīng lǐ) is your go-to word for clearing out clutter and organizing by removal, several alternatives exist depending on the exact nature of the task at hand. Let us explore the most important related terms.
打扫 (dǎ sǎo) - To sweep / To clean
This is the most basic word for physical cleaning. It focuses on removing dirt, dust, and grime from surfaces using tools like brooms, mops, or rags. It does not imply organizing files or throwing away old clothes.

我每天早上都会打扫客厅。(I clean the living room every morning.)

Another highly relevant word is 整理 (zhěng lǐ).
整理 (zhěng lǐ) - To arrange / To tidy up
This word shares the second character 理 (logic/order) with our target word. However, 整理 focuses purely on creating order out of chaos. It means putting things in their proper place without necessarily discarding anything. You tidy up a messy desk by stacking papers neatly.

请把你的书桌整理好。(Please tidy up your desk.)

When the focus is entirely on elimination and eradication, you would use 清除 (qīng chú).
清除 (qīng chú) - To eliminate / To clear away
This is a stronger, more forceful word. It means to completely remove an obstacle, a virus, a stain, or a threat. It lacks the 'organizing' nuance of our target word and focuses purely on deletion or destruction.

杀毒软件成功清除了电脑病毒。(The antivirus software successfully eliminated the computer virus.)

For large-scale, comprehensive cleaning efforts, especially those done periodically, the noun/verb 大扫除 (dà sǎo chú) is appropriate.

春节前我们要进行一次大扫除。(Before the Spring Festival, we will do a massive spring cleaning.)

Lastly, in very formal or administrative contexts regarding the sorting of documents, archives, or historical records, you might encounter 清查 (qīng chá), which means to investigate thoroughly and take inventory.

警方正在清查仓库里的货物。(The police are taking a thorough inventory of the goods in the warehouse.)

By carefully selecting among these synonyms based on whether your primary goal is removing dirt, creating order, discarding clutter, or eliminating a threat, your Chinese will become significantly more precise and expressive.
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Examples by Level

1

我周末要清理房间。

I want to clean my room this weekend.

Subject + Time + Verb + Object.

2

妈妈在清理厨房。

Mom is cleaning the kitchen.

在 indicates an ongoing action.

3

请清理你的书包。

Please clean out your backpack.

Imperative sentence using 请.

4

我们一起清理桌子吧。

Let's clear the table together.

吧 at the end suggests a proposal.

5

他每天都清理垃圾。

He clears the trash every day.

每天都 expresses daily routine.

6

我不会清理这个。

I don't know how to clean this out.

不会 means do not know how to.

7

你需要清理一下。

You need to clean up a bit.

一下 softens the verb.

8

爸爸在清理车子。

Dad is cleaning out the car.

Subject + 在 + Verb + Object.

1

我的手机太慢了，需要清理缓存。

My phone is too slow, I need to clear the cache.

Using the verb in a digital context.

2

我已经把衣柜清理干净了。

I have already cleaned out the wardrobe completely.

把 structure with resultative complement 干净.

3

你能帮我清理一下冰箱吗？

Can you help me clean out the fridge?

Question asking for help.

4

老师让我们清理教室里的废纸。

The teacher asked us to clear the waste paper in the classroom.

让 structure for causative verbs.

5

搬家之前，我们要清理很多旧东西。

Before moving, we have to clear out a lot of old things.

Time clause with 之前.

6

他花了一个小时才把桌子清理好。

It took him an hour to finish clearing the desk.

才 indicates the action took longer than expected.

7

请定期清理你的电脑垃圾。

Please regularly clear your computer junk.

Adverb 定期 modifying the verb.

8

这些杂物必须今天清理出去。

These sundries must be cleared out today.

Directional complement 出去.

1

为了保护环境，志愿者们正在清理海滩上的塑料垃圾。

To protect the environment, volunteers are clearing plastic waste on the beach.

Complex sentence with purpose clause (为了).

2

公司决定彻底清理仓库，把卖不出去的商品全部处理掉。

The company decided to thoroughly clean out the warehouse and dispose of all unsold goods.

Adverb 彻底 and serial verbs.

3

如果你觉得压力大，可以通过写日记来清理思路。

If you feel stressed, you can clear your thoughts by writing a diary.

Abstract usage of the verb (清理思路).

4

市政府发布了关于清理违章停车的新规定。

The city government issued new regulations regarding the clearing of illegal parking.

Used as a gerund/noun phrase in a formal context.

5

这个问题很复杂，我们需要时间把头绪清理出来。

This problem is very complex; we need time to sort out the clues/threads.

Metaphorical use with directional complement 出来.

6

系统会自动清理超过三十天未读的邮件。

The system will automatically clear unread emails older than thirty days.

Passive/automated action in a tech context.

7

经过三天的努力，河道里的淤泥终于被清理干净了。

After three days of hard work, the silt in the river channel was finally cleared out completely.

Passive voice 被 with resultative complement.

8

与其买新的储物柜，不如先清理一下你现有的物品。

Rather than buying a new storage cabinet, it's better to clear out your existing items first.

Comparative structure 与其...不如...

1

破产清算小组已经进驻该企业，开始全面清理公司资产与负债。

The bankruptcy liquidation team has entered the enterprise and begun a comprehensive clearing of the company's assets and liabilities.

Formal financial/legal usage.

2

这次人事变动实际上是为了清理公司内部的腐败分子。

This personnel change is actually to clear out corrupt elements within the company.

Metaphorical usage for human resources/purging.

3

作为数据库管理员，他的主要职责之一是定期清理冗余数据以优化性能。

As a database administrator, one of his main responsibilities is to regularly clear redundant data to optimize performance.

Technical IT vocabulary.

4

历史学家们致力于清理那些被篡改的史料，以还原历史真相。

Historians are dedicated to clearing up tampered historical records to restore the truth of history.

Academic context, abstract 'sorting out'.

5

在进行大型手术前，医生必须确保患者的肠道被彻底清理。

Before performing major surgery, the doctor must ensure the patient's intestines are thoroughly cleared.

Medical context, passive voice.

6

这场突如其来的暴风雪过后，市政部门花费了巨资来清理道路积雪。

After this sudden blizzard, the municipal department spent a huge amount of money to clear the snow accumulation on the roads.

Municipal management context.

7

他花了数年时间清理父亲留下的庞大而混乱的藏书。

He spent years sorting out the massive and chaotic collection of books left by his father.

Describing a long-term, complex organizational task.

8

随着环保法规的收紧，许多高污染工厂被勒令停产并进行现场清理。

With the tightening of environmental regulations, many highly polluting factories were ordered to halt production and conduct on-site cleanup.

Environmental and regulatory context.

1

新任市长上台后的第一把火，就是大刀阔斧地清理官僚体制内的积弊。

The first major action of the new mayor after taking office was to boldly clear out the long-standing malpractices within the bureaucratic system.

Idiomatic expression (新官上任三把火) combined with abstract administrative clearing.

2

该算法通过高效的垃圾回收机制，自动清理内存碎片，从而避免了内存泄漏。

This algorithm, through an efficient garbage collection mechanism, automatically clears memory fragmentation, thereby avoiding memory leaks.

Advanced computer science terminology.

3

在文化大革命期间，所谓的“清理阶级队伍”运动导致了无数冤假错案。

During the Cultural Revolution, the so-called 'Clearing the Class Ranks' movement led to countless unjust, false, and wrong cases.

Historical and political specific terminology.

4

企业在并购前必须进行尽职调查，以彻底清理目标公司的潜在法律风险。

Enterprises must conduct due diligence before mergers and acquisitions to thoroughly clear out the target company's potential legal risks.

Advanced business and legal context.

5

他试图通过一场长途旅行来清理内心深处沉积多年的情感创伤。

He attempted to use a long journey to clear out the emotional trauma that had accumulated deep in his heart for years.

Deeply psychological and literary usage.

6

这篇学术论文旨在清理学术界对于该概念长期存在的误解与混淆。

This academic paper aims to clear up the long-standing misunderstandings and confusions regarding this concept in the academic community.

Academic writing context, clearing up abstract concepts.

7

面对错综复杂的国际局势，外交部需要迅速清理各方利益诉求，制定应对策略。

Facing the intricate and complex international situation, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs needs to quickly sort out the interest demands of all parties and formulate response strategies.

Diplomatic and strategic context.

8

文物修复专家小心翼翼地清理着青铜器表面的有害锈蚀，同时保留了历史的包浆。

The cultural relic restoration expert carefully cleared the harmful rust on the surface of the bronze ware while preserving the historical patina.

Highly specialized professional context (archaeology/restoration).

1

哲学家通过严密的逻辑推演，试图清理语言学转向后形而上学所面临的认识论困境。

Through rigorous logical deduction, the philosopher attempts to clear up the epistemological dilemma faced by metaphysics after the linguistic turn.

Extremely advanced academic philosophy context.

2

该法案的颁布旨在从根本上清理金融衍生品市场中长期存在的监管灰色地带。

The promulgation of this bill aims to fundamentally clear out the long-standing regulatory gray areas in the financial derivatives market.

High-level legislative and financial discourse.

3

在梳理古代典籍时，学者们耗费毕生精力清理异文，以期还原文本的本来面目。

When collating ancient texts, scholars spend their lifelong energy clearing up variant readings in the hope of restoring the original appearance of the text.

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