Introduction to Gerunds and Infinitives
Chapter in 30 Seconds
Master the art of choosing between -ing forms and infinitives to speak with confidence.
- Identify when to use Gerunds as subjects.
- Distinguish between verbs followed by Gerunds and Infinitives.
- Apply polite structures like 'would like to' in social settings.
O que você vai aprender
Ready to make your English sound smoother? This chapter will help you confidently choose between saying
I enjoy *to read*and
I enjoy *reading*, and master polite requests like "I'd like *to go*." Soon, you'll communicate your ideas with much greater naturalness!
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Usando palavras com -ing como sujeitos (Gerúndios)Usar palavras com
-ing(gerúndios) como sujeitos faz seu inglês soar supernaturale direto! -
Verbos em Inglês Seguidos por Gerúndio (-ing)Dominar os verbos seguidos por gerúndios faz seu inglês soar super 'natural', 'fluente' e 'autêntico'!
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Verbos em Inglês Seguidos de Infinitivo (want to, need to)Verbos como
wanteneedusamto + base verbpara falar de ações futuras e desejos. -
Verbos com Gerúndio ou Infinitivo: Sem Mudança de SignificadoOlha só, pra verbos importantes como 'love', 'start', 'prefer', você tem a liberdade de escolher entre o
gerúndioou oinfinitivo; o sentido é sempre omesmo! -
Pedidos Polidos: 'Would Like' + InfinitivoUse o 'would like' + infinitivo para pedidos
politesedesejos, deixando seu inglês muito maissuaveerespeitoso.
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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By the end you will be able to: confidently use -ing subjects and infinitive verb patterns in daily conversation.
Guia do capítulo
Overview
I enjoy readinginstead of
I enjoy to read,or making a polite request like "I'd like to order a coffee" without hesitation. This chapter will unlock those possibilities. You'll learn how to use -ing words as subjects, which verbs demand a gerund or an infinitive, and even discover verbs that are happy with either!
How This Grammar Works
Swimming is great exercise– here, 'swimming' is the subject of the sentence, not an action being performed by someone. It’s an action turned into a concept.
I enjoy learning new things,or
He finished working late.Trying to use an infinitive here would sound unnatural.
She wants to travel next year,or
We need to leave soon.Here, the infinitive 'to travel' or 'to leave' clearly states the purpose or goal.
I like reading booksor
I like to read books,and both are perfectly correct and mean the same thing. This flexibility can make them seem less daunting.
I want a drink,you would politely say,
I would like to have a drink,or
We would like to reserve a table.This small change makes a big difference in how your request is perceived.
Common Mistakes
- 1✗ I enjoy to read books.
- 1✗ He wants go to the park.
- 1✗ We would like ordering a dessert.
Real Conversations
Here are some everyday exchanges using gerunds and infinitives naturally.
A
What do you like doing on weekends?
B
Oh, I really enjoy gardening. And I sometimes like to go hiking too.
A
I need to finish this report by noon.
B
Me too! I keep procrastinating. Maybe we can decide to work together later?
A
Excuse me, I would like to ask about bus times.
B
Certainly, which destination are you planning to visit?
Quick FAQ
What's the main difference between a gerund and an infinitive?
A gerund (verb + -ing) acts like a noun, often representing an activity or concept (e.g.,
Running is healthy). An infinitive ('to' + verb) often expresses purpose, intention, or a future action (e.g.,
I want to learn).
How can I remember which verbs take a gerund or an infinitive?
The best way is through practice and exposure. Start by learning the most common verbs that follow each pattern (like enjoy + gerund, want + infinitive). Over time, you'll start to recognize the patterns naturally. Pay attention when you read or listen to English.
Are there any verbs that can take both gerunds and infinitives?
Yes! For verbs like start, begin, continue, and like, you can use either form, and the meaning typically doesn't change. For example,
It started rainingand
It started to rainboth mean the same thing.
Cultural Context
would like toare indispensable for showing respect in requests, making your English not just correct, but also culturally appropriate and genuinely communicative.
Exemplos-chave (8)
**Reading** helps me relax after a long day.
Ler me ajuda a relaxar depois de um dia longo.
Usando palavras com -ing como sujeitos (Gerúndios)**Learning** new languages opens up many opportunities.
Aprender idiomas novos abre muitas oportunidades.
Usando palavras com -ing como sujeitos (Gerúndios)I really enjoy `listening` to podcasts on my commute.
Realmente gosto de ouvir podcasts no meu trajeto diário.
Verbos em Inglês Seguidos por Gerúndio (-ing)Have you finished `writing` that essay yet?
Você já terminou de escrever aquele ensaio?
Verbos em Inglês Seguidos por Gerúndio (-ing)I really **want to order** sushi for dinner tonight.
Eu realmente quero pedir sushi para o jantar hoje à noite.
Verbos em Inglês Seguidos de Infinitivo (want to, need to)We **need to finish** this group project by Friday.
Nós precisamos terminar este projeto em grupo até sexta-feira.
Verbos em Inglês Seguidos de Infinitivo (want to, need to)I `love reading` fantasy novels on my commute.
Eu adoro ler romances de fantasia no meu trajeto diário.
Verbos com Gerúndio ou Infinitivo: Sem Mudança de SignificadoShe `started learning` French last year for her exchange program.
Ela começou a aprender francês no ano passado para o programa de intercâmbio dela.
Verbos com Gerúndio ou Infinitivo: Sem Mudança de SignificadoDicas e truques (4)
Pense em 'O Ato de...'
The act of reading is relaxing.
Construa uma Lista Mental
I finished eating breakfast.Pense em 'Ação Futura'
I want to travel next year.
Ouça o Fluxo da Frase
I like playing guitarvs
I like to play guitar.
Vocabulário-chave (5)
Real-World Preview
Ordering Coffee
Review Summary
- -ing verb + verb
- Verb + -ing
- Verb + to + base verb
- Verb + -ing OR to + base
- Would like + to + base verb
Erros comuns
The verb 'enjoy' must be followed by a gerund, not an infinitive. It's a common trap!
Gerund subjects always take a singular verb. Remember to treat the action as one thing.
The verb 'want' requires an infinitive. It never takes an -ing form.
Regras neste capítulo (5)
Next Steps
You have done an amazing job today! Keep practicing these patterns, and you'll notice your English becoming smoother every single day.
Write a diary entry for 10 minutes
Prática rápida (10)
My sister hopes ___ a scholarship for university.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Verbos em Inglês Seguidos de Infinitivo (want to, need to)
I ___ to book a table for two tonight.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Pedidos Polidos: 'Would Like' + Infinitivo
Find and fix the mistake:
We need buying milk from the store.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Verbos em Inglês Seguidos de Infinitivo (want to, need to)
Find and fix the mistake:
They would like going to the cinema.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Pedidos Polidos: 'Would Like' + Infinitivo
My cat really enjoys ___ on the couch all day.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Verbos com Gerúndio ou Infinitivo: Sem Mudança de Significado
___ new places is my passion.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Usando palavras com -ing como sujeitos (Gerúndios)
Choose the correct sentence:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Verbos em Inglês Seguidos por Gerúndio (-ing)
My sister suggested ___ a picnic this weekend.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Verbos em Inglês Seguidos por Gerúndio (-ing)
Find and fix the mistake:
He finished to write his report just before the deadline.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Verbos em Inglês Seguidos por Gerúndio (-ing)
Choose the correct sentence:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Pedidos Polidos: 'Would Like' + Infinitivo
Score: /10
Perguntas comuns (6)
Reading is fun.Swimming is good for your health.
swimming', 'swimming' age como o objeto do verbo 'enjoy'. É tipo um verbo disfarçado de nome!to go, to eat, ou to study. Ele funciona como um substantivo, adjetivo ou advérbio, muitas vezes expressando propósito ou ação futura.I want to travel.