Introduction to Gerunds and Infinitives
Chapter in 30 Seconds
Master the art of choosing between -ing forms and infinitives to speak with confidence.
- Identify when to use Gerunds as subjects.
- Distinguish between verbs followed by Gerunds and Infinitives.
- Apply polite structures like 'would like to' in social settings.
چی یاد میگیری
Ready to make your English sound smoother? This chapter will help you confidently choose between saying
I enjoy *to read*and
I enjoy *reading*, and master polite requests like "I'd like *to go*." Soon, you'll communicate your ideas with much greater naturalness!
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استفاده از کلمات -ing به عنوان فاعل (اسم مصدر)با استفاده از کلمات
-ingدار (اسم مصدر) به عنوان فاعل، انگلیسی گفتنت خیلی «طبیعیتر» و «روانتر» میشه. -
افعال انگلیسی که با اسم مصدر (-ing) همراه میشوندبا مسلط شدن به فعلهایی که با
gerundمیان، میتونی خیلی «طبیعی» تر و «روون» تر انگلیسی حرف بزنی. -
افعال انگلیسی که با مصدر دنبال میشوند (want to, need to)یادته گفتم بعضی فعلها مثل
wantوneedیه ابزار جادویی دارن؟ اونم «to + فعل اصلی» هست که برای نشون دادن کارهای آینده و خواستههات استفاده میشه. -
افعال با اسم مصدر یا مصدر: بدون تغییر معنیبرای بعضی فعلها مثل
startوlike، هم ساختارgerundو همinfinitiveدرسته و یه معنی میده.No Meaning Change -
درخواستهای مودبانه: 'Would Like' + مصدربرای اینکه موقع گفتن خواستههات خیلی «مؤدب» و «حرفهای» به نظر برسی، از ساختار
would like + to + verb
استفاده کن.
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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1
By the end you will be able to: confidently use -ing subjects and infinitive verb patterns in daily conversation.
راهنمای فصل
مرور کلی
I enjoy readinginstead of
I enjoy to read,or making a polite request like "I'd like to order a coffee" without hesitation. This chapter will unlock those possibilities. You'll learn how to use -ing words as subjects, which verbs demand a gerund or an infinitive, and even discover verbs that are happy with either!
این گرامر چطور کار میکنه
Swimming is great exercise– here, 'swimming' is the subject of the sentence, not an action being performed by someone. It’s an action turned into a concept.
I enjoy learning new things,or
He finished working late.Trying to use an infinitive here would sound unnatural.
She wants to travel next year,or
We need to leave soon.Here, the infinitive 'to travel' or 'to leave' clearly states the purpose or goal.
I like reading booksor
I like to read books,and both are perfectly correct and mean the same thing. This flexibility can make them seem less daunting.
I want a drink,you would politely say,
I would like to have a drink,or
We would like to reserve a table.This small change makes a big difference in how your request is perceived.
اشتباهات رایج
- 1✗ I enjoy to read books.
- 1✗ He wants go to the park.
- 1✗ We would like ordering a dessert.
مکالمات واقعی
Here are some everyday exchanges using gerunds and infinitives naturally.
A
What do you like doing on weekends?
B
Oh, I really enjoy gardening. And I sometimes like to go hiking too.
A
I need to finish this report by noon.
B
Me too! I keep procrastinating. Maybe we can decide to work together later?
A
Excuse me, I would like to ask about bus times.
B
Certainly, which destination are you planning to visit?
سؤالات رایج
What's the main difference between a gerund and an infinitive?
A gerund (verb + -ing) acts like a noun, often representing an activity or concept (e.g.,
Running is healthy). An infinitive ('to' + verb) often expresses purpose, intention, or a future action (e.g.,
I want to learn).
How can I remember which verbs take a gerund or an infinitive?
The best way is through practice and exposure. Start by learning the most common verbs that follow each pattern (like enjoy + gerund, want + infinitive). Over time, you'll start to recognize the patterns naturally. Pay attention when you read or listen to English.
Are there any verbs that can take both gerunds and infinitives?
Yes! For verbs like start, begin, continue, and like, you can use either form, and the meaning typically doesn't change. For example,
It started rainingand
It started to rainboth mean the same thing.
بافت فرهنگی
would like toare indispensable for showing respect in requests, making your English not just correct, but also culturally appropriate and genuinely communicative.
مثالهای کلیدی (8)
**Reading** helps me relax after a long day.
خواندن بعد از یه روز طولانی بهم کمک میکنه آروم شم.
استفاده از کلمات -ing به عنوان فاعل (اسم مصدر)**Learning** new languages opens up many opportunities.
یادگیری زبانهای جدید فرصتهای زیادی رو باز میکنه.
استفاده از کلمات -ing به عنوان فاعل (اسم مصدر)I really enjoy `listening` to podcasts on my commute.
من واقعاً از گوش دادن به پادکستها در مسیر رفت و آمدم لذت میبرم.
افعال انگلیسی که با اسم مصدر (-ing) همراه میشوندHave you finished `writing` that essay yet?
آیا تا الان اون مقاله رو نوشتی تموم کردی؟
افعال انگلیسی که با اسم مصدر (-ing) همراه میشوندI really **want to order** sushi for dinner tonight.
واقعاً میخوام امشب برای شام سوشی سفارش بدم.
افعال انگلیسی که با مصدر دنبال میشوند (want to, need to)We **need to finish** this group project by Friday.
ما باید این پروژه گروهی رو تا جمعه تموم کنیم.
افعال انگلیسی که با مصدر دنبال میشوند (want to, need to)I started learning Spanish on Duolingo.
شروع کردم به یاد گرفتن اسپانیایی توی دولینگو.
افعال با اسم مصدر یا مصدر: بدون تغییر معنیI started to learn Spanish on Duolingo.
شروع کردم به یاد گرفتن اسپانیایی توی دولینگو.
افعال با اسم مصدر یا مصدر: بدون تغییر معنینکات و ترفندها (4)
بهش فکر کن: 'عملِ...'
The act of reading is my hobby.
لیست ذهنی بساز
I suggest watching this movie.به 'کار آینده' فکر کن!
infinitive بهترین انتخابه. I want to learn English.
جریان صدای 'حرف صدادار'
I love eating apples.
واژگان کلیدی (5)
Real-World Preview
Ordering Coffee
Review Summary
- -ing verb + verb
- Verb + -ing
- Verb + to + base verb
- Verb + -ing OR to + base
- Would like + to + base verb
اشتباهات رایج
The verb 'enjoy' must be followed by a gerund, not an infinitive. It's a common trap!
Gerund subjects always take a singular verb. Remember to treat the action as one thing.
The verb 'want' requires an infinitive. It never takes an -ing form.
قواعد این فصل (5)
Next Steps
You have done an amazing job today! Keep practicing these patterns, and you'll notice your English becoming smoother every single day.
Write a diary entry for 10 minutes
تمرین سریع (10)
___ new places is my passion.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: استفاده از کلمات -ing به عنوان فاعل (اسم مصدر)
I ___ to book a flight to London for next Tuesday.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: درخواستهای مودبانه: 'Would Like' + مصدر
My sister suggested ___ a picnic this weekend.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: افعال انگلیسی که با اسم مصدر (-ing) همراه میشوند
My sister hopes ___ a scholarship for university.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: افعال انگلیسی که با مصدر دنبال میشوند (want to, need to)
Choose the best option:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: افعال با اسم مصدر یا مصدر: بدون تغییر معنی
جمله صحیح را انتخاب کن:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: افعال انگلیسی که با اسم مصدر (-ing) همراه میشوند
بهترین راه برای سفارش یه نوشیدنی رو انتخاب کن:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: درخواستهای مودبانه: 'Would Like' + مصدر
I love ___ (listen) to podcasts while I clean.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: افعال با اسم مصدر یا مصدر: بدون تغییر معنی
Find and fix the mistake:
We need buying milk from the store.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: افعال انگلیسی که با مصدر دنبال میشوند (want to, need to)
Choose the correct sentence:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: استفاده از کلمات -ing به عنوان فاعل (اسم مصدر)
Score: /10
سوالات رایج (6)
Reading is fun.Swimming is good for your health.
swimming نقش مفعول فعل enjoy رو داره.enjoy، finish، avoid و suggest که همیشه بعدشون شکل «ing-» میاد، نگه دار.infinitive به ساختار «to + شکل اصلی فعل» اشاره میکنه، مثل to go, to eat یا to study. این ساختار اغلب هدف یا یه کار آینده رو بیان میکنه.infinitive میگیرن، معمولاً یه خواسته، یه برنامه، یه قصد یا یه ضرورت رو نشون میدن که مربوط به یه کار آیندهست. فکر کن دارن به چیزی اشاره میکنن که باید اتفاق بیفته یا دوست داری اتفاق بیفته، مثلاً I want to travel.