B1 · متوسط فصل 3

Talking About Life Experiences

3 مجموع قواعد
33 مثال‌ها
5 دقیقه
قواعد این فصل تمرین سریع

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of sharing your journey and connecting through shared life experiences.

  • Express things you haven't done yet using negative forms.
  • Ask engaging questions about others' past experiences and achievements.
  • Inquire about the duration of ongoing life situations using 'How long'.
Your story, your journey, your voice.

چی یاد می‌گیری

Ready to confidently share your unique story and discover others'? This chapter empowers you to talk about what you have – and haven't – experienced, and ask 'How long have you...?' to connect deeply about life's journey.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to describe unfulfilled plans and missed experiences using negative present perfect structures.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to initiate conversations about life milestones and travel by forming present perfect questions.
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to accurately ask and answer questions regarding the duration of current jobs, residences, or hobbies.

راهنمای فصل

مرور کلی

Overview
Ready to unlock a new level of confidence in your English conversations? This chapter is your guide to confidently sharing your unique story and truly connecting with others about their journeys. As a B1 English grammar learner, you're at a fantastic stage where you can handle most situations while travelling and express yourself more deeply.
Mastering the grammar in this section will empower you to move beyond simple past events and discuss the experiences that have shaped you, and those you haven't encountered yet. You'll learn the essential tools for
English talking about life experiences
with nuance and precision.
We'll dive into how to use the Present Perfect Negative to talk about things you haven't done or seen, and how to formulate engaging Present Perfect questions to ask about the richness of others' lives without needing to know *exactly* when something happened. Crucially, you'll also discover how to use
How long
with the Present Perfect to inquire about the duration of ongoing situations, creating meaningful connections by asking about someone's journey, not just their destination. This B1 English grammar will help you sound more natural and engaged in everyday chats.
How This Grammar Works
At its heart, the Present Perfect connects the past to the present. We use have/has + the past participle of a verb. For example,
I have travelled a lot.
This chapter expands on this core idea.
First, let's look at the Present Perfect Negative. We use it to talk about things that haven't happened up to now, often implying they might still happen. You form it by adding not to have or has: haven't (have not) or hasn't (has not).
For instance, "I haven't tried surfing yet" means that, up to this moment, surfing is not an experience I've had. Or, "She hasn't visited her grandparents this month" implies the month isn't over and she still might.
Next, we use Present Perfect questions to ask about experiences or actions that happened at an unspecified time in the past, but are relevant to the present. We don't care *when* exactly, just *if* it happened. The structure is Have/Has + subject + past participle...? A common word used here is ever.
For example,
Have you ever seen a live concert?
or
Has he finished his project yet?
These questions open the door to sharing life stories.
Finally, to ask about the *duration* of something that started in the past and is *still ongoing* in the present, we use
How long
with the Present Perfect. The structure is How long + have/has + subject + past participle...? or How long + have/has + subject + been + -ing...? For example,
How long have you lived in London?
(You still live there.) or
How long has she been studying French?
(She is still studying it.) This is perfect for understanding commitments and ongoing situations.
Common Mistakes
  1. 1✗ Using Simple Past for general experiences:
* ✗
Did you ever go to Japan?
* ✓
Have you ever been to Japan?
* *Explanation:* When asking about an *experience* at an unspecified time, use the Present Perfect. Simple Past is for actions completed at a specific past time.
  1. 1✗ Using Present Perfect with a specific past time expression:
* ✗
I have seen that movie last night.
* ✓
I saw that movie last night.
* *Explanation:* The Present Perfect doesn't use specific past time markers like last night, yesterday, or «in 2020.» For those, use the Simple Past.
  1. 1✗ Incorrect negative form or question structure:
* ✗
She not has eaten breakfast.
/
How long you are learning English?
* ✓ "She hasn't eaten breakfast yet.« / »How long have you been learning English?"
* *Explanation:* Remember the correct auxiliary verb (have/has) and its placement in negatives and questions.
Real Conversations
Dialogue 1: Sharing Experiences
A: "Have you ever tried making your own bread?
B: No, I haven't tried that yet! I always just buy it. Have you baked much?
A: Yes, I have baked a lot during the lockdown. It's really fun!
Dialogue 2: Asking About Duration
A: "How long have you been working here?
B: I have been working at this company for five years.
A: Wow, that's a long time! I haven't been working here even for a year yet.
Quick FAQ
Q: What's the difference between "I haven't gone and I didn't go"?
A: "I haven't gone" means you haven't gone *up to this point in time*, and there's a possibility you still might go. "I didn't go" refers to a specific past occasion when you chose not to go, and the chance to go on that occasion is over.
Q: When should I use ever with the Present Perfect?
A: You use
ever
in Present Perfect questions to ask if someone has *at any time* in their life had a particular experience, like
Have you ever visited New York?
Q: Can I use since and for with
How long have you...?
A: Yes, absolutely! When answering questions like
How long have you been learning English?
, you'll often use
I have been learning English for two years
(duration) or
I have been learning English since 2022
(starting point).
Q: Why is it important to learn the Present Perfect for B1 English?
A: The Present Perfect is crucial for B1 learners because it allows you to talk about experiences, achievements, and ongoing situations, which are fundamental for sharing personal information and connecting with others. It's key for
English talking about life experiences
naturally.
Cultural Context
Native English speakers frequently use these Present Perfect structures in everyday conversations to discuss their lives and inquire about others'. While there might be slight regional preferences (e.g., American English sometimes uses the Simple Past more often than British English for recent, unspecified events), the ability to use the Present Perfect for experiences, things haven't happened, and durations (How long...) is universally understood and essential for sounding natural and engaged in personal communication. These patterns are fundamental for building rapport and sharing your story.

مثال‌های کلیدی (6)

1

I `haven't seen` that Netflix show yet.

هنوز اون سریال نتفلیکس رو ندیدم.

حال کامل منفی (هنوز انجام نداده‌ام)
2

The `Uber hasn't arrived` at the location.

اوبر هنوز به مقصد نرسیده.

حال کامل منفی (هنوز انجام نداده‌ام)
3

Have you seen my latest Instagram story?

استوری جدید اینستاگراممو دیدی؟

پرسیدن درباره زندگی و پیشرفت (پرسش‌های حال کامل)
4

Has the delivery driver arrived yet?

پیک غذا هنوز نرسیده؟

پرسیدن درباره زندگی و پیشرفت (پرسش‌های حال کامل)
5

How long have you lived in this building?

چند وقته تو این ساختمون زندگی می‌کنی؟

حال کامل با "How Long": پرسیدن درباره مدت زمان
6

He's so cute! How long have you had him?

چقدر نازه! چند وقته دارینش؟

حال کامل با "How Long": پرسیدن درباره مدت زمان

نکات و ترفندها (3)

⚠️

تله "دو تا منفی"!

حواست باشه، هیچ وقت نگو "I haven't never«. اینجوری دو تا منفی داری و اشتباهه. باید بگی »I have never« یا »I haven't ever« تا درست باشه. »I haven't ever seen such a thing."
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: حال کامل منفی (هنوز انجام نداده‌ام)
🎯

فرق 'Been' و 'Gone'

وقتی می‌خوای بپرسی کسی جایی رفته و برگشته، همیشه از 'Have you BEEN to...' استفاده کن. 'Gone' یعنی اون شخص هنوز اونجاست و برنگشته، که وقتی داری باهاش صحبت می‌کنی غیرممکنه! مثلاً:
Have you been to the cinema?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: پرسیدن درباره زندگی و پیشرفت (پرسش‌های حال کامل)
⚠️

تله حال ساده

وقتی میخوای بگی یه کار یا وضعیت هنوز ادامه داره، هیچ‌وقت از حال ساده استفاده نکن. این رایج‌ترین اشتباهه! مثلاً:
How long do you know her?
اشتباهه. باید بگی:
How long have you known her?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: حال کامل با "How Long": پرسیدن درباره مدت زمان

واژگان کلیدی (6)

abroad in or to a foreign country ever at any time never at no time experience knowledge or skill gained from doing things achievement something done successfully by effort duration the length of time that something continues

Real-World Preview

users

The Networking Event

Review Summary

  • Subject + haven't/hasn't + Past Participle
  • Have/Has + Subject + Past Participle?
  • How long + have/has + Subject + Past Participle?

اشتباهات رایج

Many learners use the Past Simple 'went' instead of the Past Participle 'been/gone'. Always use the third form.

Wrong: I haven't went to Spain.
صحیح: I haven't been to Spain.

If the situation started in the past and continues now, you must use Present Perfect, not Present Simple.

Wrong: How long do you know him?
صحیح: How long have you known him?

Mixing 'Did' (Past Simple) with 'eaten' (Participle). Use 'Have' for life experiences without a specific time.

Wrong: Did you ever eaten sushi?
صحیح: Have you ever eaten sushi?

Next Steps

You've just unlocked the ability to truly get to know people in English. This is a huge milestone for your B1 journey—keep using these questions in your daily life!

Write a 'Bucket List' of 5 things you haven't done yet.

Record yourself asking 3 'How long' questions about a friend's hobby.

Continue to: Introduction to Gerunds and Infinitives

تمرین سریع (9)

کدوم جمله برای یه تجربه زندگی از نظر گرامری درسته؟

بهترین گزینه رو انتخاب کن:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Have you ever eaten sushi?
'Have you ever + past participle' راه استاندارد برای پرسیدن راجع به تجربه‌های زندگیه.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: پرسیدن درباره زندگی و پیشرفت (پرسش‌های حال کامل)

جمله رو با شکل منفی درست کامل کن.

I ___ (not/see) the new Spider-Man movie yet.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: haven't seen
برای I از "haven't« و برای حال کامل از قسمت سوم فعل »seen" استفاده می‌کنیم.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: حال کامل منفی (هنوز انجام نداده‌ام)

جای خالی رو با شکل درست فعل 'to see' پر کن.

Have you ___ the new season of Stranger Things?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: seen
ما تو سوالات 'Present Perfect' از 'past participle' فعل 'seen' استفاده می‌کنیم.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: پرسیدن درباره زندگی و پیشرفت (پرسش‌های حال کامل)

کدوم جمله درسته؟

Choose the grammatically correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: She hasn't finished her coffee.
She به "hasn't« نیاز داره و قسمت سوم فعل »finished" باید استفاده بشه.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: حال کامل منفی (هنوز انجام نداده‌ام)

اشتباه این جمله رو پیدا کن.

Find and fix the mistake:

Has you finished your lunch yet?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Have you finished your lunch yet?
با فاعل 'you'، فعل کمکی باید 'have' باشه، نه 'has'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: پرسیدن درباره زندگی و پیشرفت (پرسش‌های حال کامل)

اشتباه رو توی جمله پیدا کن.

Find and fix the mistake:

They haven't gave us the Wi-Fi password yet.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: They haven't given us the Wi-Fi password yet.
قسمت سوم فعل give میشه given، نه gave.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: حال کامل منفی (هنوز انجام نداده‌ام)

اشتباه را پیدا و درست کن

Find and fix the mistake:

How long do you have that phone?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: How long have you had that phone?
اشتباه استفاده از حال ساده 'do you have' بود. چون شخص هنوز گوشی رو داره، باید از 'have you had' استفاده کنیم تا مدت زمان رو نشون بده.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: حال کامل با "How Long": پرسیدن درباره مدت زمان

جای خالی را پر کن

How long _______ your best friend?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: have you known
از حال کامل ('have you known') برای پرسیدن درباره وضعیتی استفاده می‌کنیم که توی گذشته شروع شده و الان هم ادامه داره.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: حال کامل با "How Long": پرسیدن درباره مدت زمان

کدام جمله درست است؟

Choose the grammatically correct sentence for someone who is currently working as a doctor:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: How long has she been a doctor?
جمله A از حال ساده استفاده می‌کنه (که برای مدت زمان اشتباهه). جمله C از گذشته ساده استفاده می‌کنه (اگه هنوز دکتر باشه اشتباهه). جمله B درسته و مفهوم رو می‌رسونه.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: حال کامل با "How Long": پرسیدن درباره مدت زمان

Score: /9

سوالات رایج (6)

نه، اصلاً! باید از قسمت سوم فعل seen استفاده کنی. Saw فقط برای گذشته ساده‌ست. همیشه لیست فعل‌های بی‌قاعده‌تو چک کن! "I haven't seen that movie."
بله، هر دو درستن! "I haven't« رایج‌تره، ولی »I've not« توی بعضی قسمت‌های انگلیس بیشتر استفاده میشه. با هر دوشون طبیعی به نظر می‌رسی. »I've not heard from him."
ساختار اصلیش 'Have/Has + Subject + Past Participle' هست. مثلاً:
Have you seen the movie?
یا Has he finished?
از 'ever' وقتی استفاده کن که می‌خوای بپرسی آیا یه کاری تو هر زمانی از زندگی کسی اتفاق افتاده یا نه. مثلاً:
Have you ever been to Japan?
برای وضعیت‌هایی که توی گذشته شروع شدن و هنوز هم ادامه دارن استفاده می‌کنیم. مثلاً:
How long have you known him?
یعنی هنوزم میشناسیش.
آره! 'Has' برای 'he', 'she', 'it' هست. 'Have' برای بقیه ('I', 'you', 'we', 'they'). مثلاً:
How long has she been here?
فصل قبلی
Reporting Questions and Requests
فصل بعدی
Introduction to Gerunds and Infinitives
برگشت به نقشه راه