Concordância Sujeito-Verbo: A Regra do 'S' (Concordância Sujeito-Verbo)
he, she, it ou um substantivo singular.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
In the Present Simple, always add an 's' to the verb when the subject is He, She, or It.
- Add -s for most verbs: 'He works' (max 20 words)
- Add -es for verbs ending in -ch, -sh, -x, -z, or -s: 'She watches'
- Change -y to -ies if a consonant comes before it: 'It flies'
Overview
My cat love sleeping e recebeu logo uma DM daquele amigo chato obcecado pela gramática? Todos já passamos por isso. A concordância sujeito-verbo é a cola da língua inglesa.s extra. Se o sujeito tem amigos, o verbo fica relaxado.How This Grammar Works
he, she e it.s no final dos seus verbos no presente. Todos os outros — I, you, we e they — são muito mais relaxados e usam a forma base do verbo.The dog bark, parece que o seu cérebro ainda está a carregar o pacote de idiomas. Se disser The dog barks, parece um profissional. Curiosamente, I e you são pessoas singulares, mas seguem as regras do plural.
Formation Pattern
I, you, he, she, it, we ou they? Ou um substantivo como my phone?
he, she, it ou substantivos singulares).
-s. Se o verbo terminar em -ch, -sh, -x ou -s, adicione -es (como watches).
y, mude y para i e adicione -es (como studies).
be, have e do têm os seus próprios humores. I am, He is, They are. She has, We have.
When To Use It
wake up, she wakes up), a afirmar factos (The sun rises) ou a comentar uma série da Netflix (The main character dies no fim — alerta de spoiler!), precisa desta regra. É essencial para e-mails profissionais onde quer parecer competente.My experience match the job vs My experience matches the job. O segundo garante-lhe a entrevista; o primeiro pode render-lhe um 'não' educado. Use quando estiver a enviar mensagens ao seu crush — nada mata o clima mais depressa do que má gramática.The enemy moves left é muito mais claro do que Enemy move left. É a base de quase todas as frases que alguma vez construirá em inglês.
Common Mistakes
s no fim de um substantivo (como dogs) e acham que o verbo também precisa de um s. Não! É o oposto. Se o substantivo tem um s, o verbo normalmente não tem. The dogs bark (Correto). The dogs barks (Errado). É como um baloiço — apenas um lado pode ter o s. Outro clássico é a armadilha do I e do you. Embora I seja apenas uma pessoa, nunca leva o -s. I likes pizza faz com que pareça uma personagem de desenhos animados. Fique-se pelo I like pizza. Depois há a dor de cabeça dos 'Substantivos Coletivos' como team ou family. No inglês americano, costumamos tratá-los como uma unidade. Por isso, The team wins. Não se esqueça das 'Frases Intercaladas'. Se disser The box of chocolates is on the table, o sujeito é box, não chocolates.Contrast With Similar Patterns
I worked, she worked). A luta da concordância sujeito-verbo é principalmente uma festa do Presente.-ing). Em She is walking, a concordância acontece na parte do is, não no walking. Não diria She walking.can ou will. Estes tipos são rebeldes — nunca mudam, não importa quem é o sujeito. He can swim, não He cans swim.There is a fly in my soup (uma mosca).Quick FAQ
E quanto a and?
Se tiver dois sujeitos unidos por and, torna-se plural. Tom and Jerry run fast.
2. Negative Contractions (Third Person)
| Full Form | Contraction | Usage Note |
|---|---|---|
|
He does not
|
He doesn't
|
Most common in speech
|
|
She does not
|
She doesn't
|
Most common in speech
|
|
It does not
|
It doesn't
|
Most common in speech
|
Present Simple Conjugation: 'To Work'
| Subject | Verb Form | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
I
|
Base Form
|
I work
|
|
You
|
Base Form
|
You work
|
|
He
|
Base + S
|
He works
|
|
She
|
Base + S
|
She works
|
|
It
|
Base + S
|
It works
|
|
We
|
Base Form
|
We work
|
|
They
|
Base Form
|
They work
|
Meanings
The rule requiring the addition of a suffix (-s, -es, or -ies) to a base verb when the subject is in the third-person singular (He, She, It, or a single name/object) in the present tense.
Standard Agreement
Adding a simple 's' to the majority of English verbs to match a singular subject.
“He plays the guitar every evening.”
“She lives in a small apartment.”
Phonetic Spelling Adjustment
Adding '-es' instead of '-s' when a verb ends in sounds that would be hard to pronounce with just an 's' (like 'sh' or 'ch').
“He washes his car on Sundays.”
“She teaches mathematics at the local school.”
Consonant-Y Transformation
Changing the 'y' to 'i' and adding 'es' when the verb ends in a consonant followed by 'y'.
“The baby cries when he is hungry.”
“She studies hard for her exams.”
Reference Table
| Sujeito | Forma do Verbo | Frase de Exemplo |
|---|---|---|
|
I
|
walk
|
I walk to school.
|
|
You
|
walk
|
You walk fast.
|
|
He
|
walks
|
He walks his dog.
|
|
She
|
walks
|
She walks every day.
|
|
It
|
walks
|
It walks quietly.
|
|
We
|
walk
|
We walk home together.
|
|
They
|
walk
|
They walk in the park.
|
|
My cat (singular)
|
walks
|
My cat walks on the keyboard.
|
|
My cats (plural)
|
walk
|
My cats walk outside.
|
Espectro de formalidade
He serves as the Chief Executive Officer. (Professional introduction)
He works as a manager. (Professional introduction)
He's a manager. (Professional introduction)
He runs the show. (Professional introduction)
Concordância Sujeito-Verbo: A Regra do 'S'
Sujeitos Singulares
- He He walks.
- She She reads.
- It It rains.
- Um nome (ex: Tom) Tom works.
- Um substantivo singular (ex: The dog) The dog barks.
Sujeitos Plurais
- We We learn.
- They They play.
- Substantivos plurais (ex: The students) The students study.
Casos Especiais
- I I speak.
- You You understand.
- Verbos com 'do/does' Does he like?
Formas Verbais: Sujeitos Singulares vs. Plurais
Fluxograma de Decisão: A Regra do 'S'
A frase está no Presente Simples?
O sujeito é 'I' ou 'You'?
O sujeito é 'He', 'She', 'It' ou um substantivo singular (Ex: 'The cat', 'John')?
O sujeito é plural ('We', 'They', ou substantivos plurais como 'The cats', 'Students')?
Sujeitos e Suas Formas Verbais
Verbos com '-s' (3ª Pessoa do Singular)
- • He likes
- • She works
- • It rains
- • My friend studies
- • The car drives
Verbos sem '-s' (Outros Sujeitos)
- • I like
- • You work
- • We rain
- • They study
- • The cars drive
Exemplos por nível
He drinks milk every morning.
Él bebe leche cada mañana.
She speaks English very well.
Ella habla inglés muy bien.
It rains a lot in London.
Llueve mucho en Londres.
My cat likes fish.
A mi gato le gusta el pescado.
He doesn't watch TV at night.
Él no ve la televisión por la noche.
Does she study at the library?
¿Estudia ella en la biblioteca?
The bus finishes its route here.
El autobús termina su ruta aquí.
He has a new smartphone.
Él tiene un teléfono inteligente nuevo.
Everyone knows that the earth goes around the sun.
Todo el mundo sabe que la tierra gira alrededor del sol.
Nobody wants to work on Saturdays.
Nadie quiere trabajar los sábados.
She tries to exercise at least three times a week.
Ella intenta hacer ejercicio al menos tres veces por semana.
The news starts at eight o'clock.
Las noticias empiezan a las ocho.
Neither of my brothers lives in this city.
Ninguno de mis hermanos vive en esta ciudad.
The government proposes a new tax on sugar.
El gobierno propone un nuevo impuesto al azúcar.
The data suggests that prices are rising.
Los datos sugieren que los precios están subiendo.
Does anyone know where the manager is?
¿Alguien sabe dónde está el gerente?
The complexity of the issues requires a detailed analysis.
La complejidad de los problemas requiere un análisis detallado.
Physics deals with the fundamental laws of nature.
La física trata con las leyes fundamentales de la naturaleza.
Every man and woman has the right to vote.
Cada hombre y mujer tiene el derecho a votar.
The jury reaches a verdict after hours of deliberation.
El jurado llega a un veredicto tras horas de deliberación.
The sheer number of variables involved complicates the process.
La gran cantidad de variables involucradas complica el proceso.
Politics is often described as the art of the possible.
La política se describe a menudo como el arte de lo posible.
If anyone calls, tell them I'm busy.
Si alguien llama, diles que estoy ocupado.
The United States maintains a strong presence in the region.
Estados Unidos mantiene una fuerte presencia en la región.
Fácil de confundir
Both use an 's' at the end, but for opposite reasons.
Learners often say 'He playing' instead of 'He plays' or 'He is playing'.
Learners want to keep the 's' when 'does' is present.
Erros comuns
He go to school.
He goes to school.
She like coffee.
She likes coffee.
It work well.
It works well.
My father drive a car.
My father drives a car.
Does he likes pizza?
Does he like pizza?
She doesn't plays tennis.
She doesn't play tennis.
He haves a dog.
He has a dog.
Everyone have a phone.
Everyone has a phone.
The news are bad.
The news is bad.
Neither of them know the answer.
Neither of them knows the answer.
The criteria for the award is strict.
The criteria for the award are strict.
Padrões de frases
[Name] ___ [Activity] every day.
She doesn't ___ because she ___.
It ___ like a good idea, but it ___ a lot of work.
Neither of them ___ to ___ that he ___.
Real World Usage
He says he's coming at 8.
My current manager relies on my reports.
She looks so happy in this photo!
My friend wants the burger, but he doesn't like onions.
The GPS says to turn left here.
The earth rotates on its axis.
Identifique os sujeitos com 'S'
My sister works at a big company.
Não confunda com substantivos plurais!
The students study.Ouça o som do 'S'
She walks her dog.
Soar natural importa
He speaks English well.
Pratique com nomes
My cat walks on the keyboard.
Smart Tips
Hiss like a snake! Make sure you hear that 's' or 'z' sound at the end of the action.
Imagine 'does' is a thief that steals the 's' from the main verb.
Find the 'head' noun. Is it one man or many dogs? The verb matches the man!
Treat these words like 'It'. They always take an 's'.
Pronúncia
The Three Sounds of 'S'
The 's' ending can sound like /s/, /z/, or /iz/ depending on the last sound of the verb.
Statement Falling Intonation
He works ↘ here.
A standard factual statement.
Memorize
Mnemônico
He, She, It... the 'S' must fit!
Associação visual
Imagine the letter 'S' is a tail that only grows on a verb when a single person (He/She) or a single thing (It) is standing in front of it.
Rhyme
I walk, you walk, we walk too. But He walks, She walks—that's what they do!
Story
In the Kingdom of Grammar, the 'S' is a special crown. Only the three royals—Prince He, Princess She, and the Royal Pet It—are allowed to wear the 'S' crown on their actions. If anyone else tries to wear it, the Grammar Police will stop them!
Word Web
Desafio
Look around the room. Find one person or one object. Say three things they are doing or three facts about them using the 'S' rule. (e.g., 'The lamp sits on the table. It looks bright. It costs ten dollars.')
Notas culturais
In the UK, collective nouns like 'the team' or 'the government' often take a plural verb ('The team are playing well'), whereas in American English, they almost always take a singular verb ('The team is playing well').
In AAVE, the third-person 's' is often omitted as part of the dialect's systematic grammar ('He go to the store'). This is a valid dialectal variation, not a 'mistake' within that context.
In 'International English' or 'ELF' (English as a Lingua Franca), the third-person 's' is often dropped by non-native speakers. While understood, it is still corrected in formal business writing.
The '-s' ending comes from the Northumbrian dialect of Old English, where it was '-es'.
Iniciadores de conversa
What does your best friend do for fun?
How does your favorite app work?
What happens if it rains on your wedding day?
How does your government handle environmental issues?
Temas para diário
Erros comuns
Test Yourself
She ___ a new book every week.
Find and fix the mistake:
My cat sleep all day.
Choose the correct sentence:
Score: /3
Exercicios praticos
8 exercisesMy brother ___ in London.
She ___ (watch) movies every Friday.
Find and fix the mistake:
He don't like apples.
always / she / her / finishes / work
1. I, 2. He, 3. They, 4. It
Select the grammatically correct question.
The sun ___ (rise) in the east.
Find and fix the mistake:
The baby crys a lot.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesThe student always ___ their homework.
We ___ to the beach every summer.
My friends often plays soccer in the park.
The sun rise in the east.
Choose the correct sentence:
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'She writes a letter.'
Translate into English: 'My dog barks loudly.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the subjects with the correct verb form for 'to eat'.
Match the subjects with the correct verb form for 'to live'.
Score: /12
Perguntas frequentes (8)
It's a historical leftover from Old English. Most other person-endings disappeared over time, but the third-person singular 's' survived. It helps distinguish the subject in a sentence.
No. Even if 'they' refers to a single person (singular they), it always takes the plural verb form: `They work here`, not `They works here`.
It is always `goes`. Verbs ending in '-o' like `go` and `do` require `-es`.
These are singular! You should say `Everyone likes pizza` and `Somebody knows the truth`.
English grammar doesn't like 'double marking'. Since the 's' is already on `does`, the main verb `like` doesn't need it. Think of `does` as the boss who takes the 's' for himself.
For the 's' rule, `has` is the main irregular verb. The verb `to be` is also irregular (`is`), but it's usually taught as its own rule.
No! In the past tense, the verb is the same for everyone: `I worked`, `He worked`, `They worked`. The 's' rule is only for the `Present Simple`.
Then the subject is 'They' (plural), so you do NOT add an 's'. `John and Mary work here`.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Presente de Indicativo (-a/-e)
Spanish changes the verb for every person; English only for the third person singular.
Présent de l'indicatif
English 's' is always pronounced, whereas French endings are often silent.
Präsens (-t)
German also has distinct endings for 'we' and 'you plural', which English does not.
Dictionary form (u-verb/ru-verb)
Japanese has zero person-based conjugation.
Al-Mudaari' (Present Tense)
Arabic distinguishes between 'he' and 'she' in the verb form; English uses 's' for both.
No conjugation
Chinese relies on context and time markers rather than verb endings.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
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