Esta página no seu idioma

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

日本語

한국어

中文

हिन्दी

B2 noun #48 mais comum 7 min de leitura

philosophers

Top 48

Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas philosophers em 30 segundos

Explicação philosophers in your Level:

Philosophers are people who think a lot. They ask big questions like 'Why are we here?' or 'What is good?'. Long ago, in places like Greece, philosophers were very famous. Today, we still read their books. They are like teachers for our minds. They don't use tools like hammers; they use their brains to understand the world. If you like to think about life, you are a little bit like a philosopher.

Cadastre-se grátis para ler a explicação completa

Philosophers are thinkers who study life and the world. They want to know the truth about things. For example, they ask if it is always wrong to lie. Famous philosophers like Socrates or Plato lived a long time ago. They wrote many books. Today, people who study at universities to become thinkers are also called philosophers. They help us understand how to be good people and how to have a fair society.

Cadastre-se grátis para ler a explicação completa

Philosophers are individuals who professionally or deeply engage with the study of knowledge, reality, and ethics. They don't just have opinions; they use logic to support their ideas. You often hear about them in history or literature classes. Philosophers try to answer difficult questions that science cannot always answer, such as the meaning of life or the nature of beauty. They have influenced how our governments are run and how we define right and wrong.

Cadastre-se grátis para ler a explicação completa

Philosophers are scholars who explore the fundamental nature of existence and human thought through critical inquiry and systematic reasoning. They are categorized into different branches, such as ethics, logic, and metaphysics. At this level, you should understand that philosophers provide the theoretical frameworks that many other subjects, like law and politics, are built upon. They challenge conventional wisdom and require us to justify our beliefs with sound arguments.

Philosophers are practitioners of a rigorous intellectual discipline aimed at deconstructing and analyzing the core assumptions of human experience. They engage in complex debates regarding epistemology (the theory of knowledge) and ontology (the nature of being). C1 learners should recognize that philosophers often work within specific traditions—such as analytic or continental philosophy—and that their work involves a high degree of abstraction and linguistic precision to address the nuances of human existence.

Cadastre-se grátis para ler a explicação completa

Philosophers represent the vanguard of critical reflexivity, interrogating the very structures of thought and language that constitute our reality. In a C2 context, the term encompasses those who engage in meta-discourse, examining the foundations of ethics, aesthetics, and political theory with profound sophistication. They are not merely 'thinkers' but architects of conceptual frameworks that define epochs. Understanding philosophers at this level involves appreciating the dialectical nature of their progress and the intricate ways their ideas permeate every facet of modern civilization.

Cadastre-se grátis para ler a explicação completa

Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas

philosophers em 30 segundos

Philosophers are deep thinkers who explore the fundamental nature of reality, knowledge, and ethics through logic.
The term covers historical figures like Socrates and modern academics who analyze contemporary issues like AI ethics.
Philosophers use systematic reasoning rather than just personal opinion to answer life's most profound and difficult questions.
They are essential for providing the theoretical foundations of law, science, politics, and our general understanding of morality.

The term philosophers refers to individuals who engage in the deep, systematic study of the fundamental nature of existence, knowledge, and ethics. Historically, philosophers were the primary seekers of truth before the formal separation of sciences like physics or biology. When we speak of philosophers today, we are often referring to those who challenge our assumptions about how the world works and how we should live within it. They use logic and reason as their primary tools, rather than empirical experimentation alone. This word is used in academic settings to describe historical figures like Plato or Kant, but it is also used in modern contexts to describe anyone who approaches life's big questions with a critical and analytical mind. People use this word when discussing the origins of laws, the nature of consciousness, or the foundations of morality. It carries a sense of intellectual depth and historical weight, suggesting a commitment to understanding the 'why' behind the 'what'.

Etymological Root: Derived from the Greek 'philosophos', meaning 'lover of wisdom'.
Modern Application: Used to describe ethicists, logicians, and political theorists in contemporary society.
Collective Identity: Philosophers often belong to specific 'schools of thought' such as Stoicism, Existentialism, or Nihilism.

Ancient Greek philosophers like Socrates changed the way we think about justice.

Modern philosophers are currently debating the ethics of artificial intelligence.

Many philosophers argue that happiness is found through virtue rather than wealth.

The philosophers of the Enlightenment laid the groundwork for modern democracy.

Existentialist philosophers focus on the individual's freedom and responsibility.

Using the word philosophers correctly involves understanding its plural nature and its association with intellectual inquiry. It is most commonly used as the subject of a sentence to describe the actions or beliefs of a group of thinkers. For example, 'Philosophers have long debated the existence of free will.' In this sentence, the word acts as a collective noun for those in the field. You can also use it with modifiers to specify a particular era or branch of thought, such as 'Stoic philosophers' or 'Medieval philosophers'. It is important to distinguish between the people (philosophers) and the field of study (philosophy). You wouldn't say 'I am studying philosophers' unless you are specifically reading their biographies; usually, you are 'studying philosophy' by reading the works of philosophers. In academic writing, philosophers are often cited to provide a theoretical framework for an argument. For instance, 'Following the logic of Enlightenment philosophers, we can see that individual rights are paramount.' This demonstrates how the word bridges the gap between historical figures and modern intellectual application. Additionally, the word can be used metaphorically to describe anyone who thinks deeply about life, even if they aren't professionals. 'After the tragedy, they became amateur philosophers, searching for meaning in the chaos.' This versatility allows the word to function in both formal academic papers and informal personal reflections.

Subject-Verb Agreement: Always use plural verbs: 'Philosophers argue...' not 'Philosophers argues...'.
Adjective Placement: Place descriptive adjectives before the word: 'Ancient philosophers', 'Moral philosophers'.
Prepositional Use: Often followed by 'of' to denote a school: 'Philosophers of the Renaissance'.

The philosophers of old were often also mathematicians and scientists.

Political philosophers examine the relationship between the state and the individual.

We need more philosophers in the tech industry to address ethical concerns.

The word philosophers is a staple in educational environments, particularly in humanities departments. You will hear it frequently in university lectures, where professors discuss the 'Great Philosophers' of Western and Eastern traditions. Beyond the classroom, it appears in high-quality journalism and essays that explore the 'why' behind current events. For example, an article about social media might reference 'philosophers of technology' like Marshall McLuhan. In the world of podcasts and public speaking, the word is often used to lend authority to a discussion. Thinkers like Sam Harris or Jordan Peterson are often referred to as modern philosophers by their audiences. You will also encounter the word in literature and film, where characters might debate the ideas of 'dead philosophers' to find guidance in their own lives. In political discourse, leaders might invoke the names of 'Enlightenment philosophers' to justify democratic values or human rights. Interestingly, the word is also becoming common in the business world, where 'chief philosophy officers' or 'business philosophers' are hired to help companies navigate complex ethical landscapes. Even in casual settings, you might hear someone say, 'Don't mind him, he's just being one of those philosophers again,' when a friend starts questioning the meaning of a mundane task. This range of usage—from the ivory tower of academia to the boardrooms of Silicon Valley and the casual banter of a coffee shop—shows that the word remains relevant as we continue to seek meaning in a complex world.

The podcast host interviewed several philosophers about the future of humanity.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing philosophers (the people) with philosophy (the subject). You cannot 'do a philosophers'; you 'study philosophy' or 'read philosophers'. Another common error is the spelling, specifically the placement of the 'h' and the 's'. It is 'phi-lo-so-phers', not 'philosofers' or 'philsophers'. Learners also sometimes use the word too broadly, applying it to anyone who has an opinion. While everyone has a personal philosophy, the term 'philosophers' usually implies a professional or systematic engagement with the field. Using it to describe a friend who just made a clever comment might be seen as hyperbolic or slightly incorrect in a formal context. Furthermore, there is a tendency to only associate the word with 'ancient' people. It is a mistake to think that philosophers only existed in the past; there are thousands of active, living philosophers today working in universities and think tanks. Finally, ensure you use the plural form correctly. If you are talking about one person, it is 'philosopher'. If you are talking about a group or the concept of the profession in general, use 'philosophers'. Misusing the singular/plural can lead to grammatical awkwardness in sentences like 'The philosophers is a deep thinker,' which should be 'The philosopher is...' or 'Philosophers are...'.

Confusion with 'Philosophy': Incorrect: 'I like reading philosophy.' (Correct, but if you mean the people, say 'I like reading philosophers'.)
Spelling Error: Commonly misspelled as 'philosofers' due to the 'f' sound of the 'ph'.

While philosophers is a specific term, there are several synonyms and related words that can be used depending on the context. 'Thinkers' is the most common and versatile alternative. It is less formal and can apply to anyone who engages in deep thought, regardless of their academic background. 'Intellectuals' refers to people who engage in critical thinking, research, and reflection about society, often in a public or political capacity. 'Theorists' is more specific to those who develop systems of ideas to explain something, particularly in science or social science. 'Sages' or 'savants' are words used for people with great wisdom, often with a more traditional or spiritual connotation. In a more religious context, you might use 'theologians', who are philosophers specifically focused on the nature of God and religion. When comparing these, 'philosophers' remains the most rigorous and academically grounded term. For example, while a 'thinker' might have a great idea about a new app, a 'philosopher' would examine the ethical implications of that app on human connection. Understanding these nuances helps in choosing the right word for the right level of intellectual depth.

Philosophers vs. Thinkers: Philosophers are usually academic or systematic; thinkers can be anyone with insightful ideas.
Philosophers vs. Theorists: Theorists often seek to explain specific phenomena; philosophers seek to understand fundamental truths.

How Formal Is It?

Curiosidade

In the Middle Ages, the term 'philosophers' often included people we would now call scientists, like astronomers and chemists.

Guia de pronúncia

UK /fɪˈlɒs.ə.fəz/

US /fɪˈlɑː.sə.fɚz/

phi-LOS-o-phers

Rima com

offers coffers scoffers proffers golfers doffers softeners (near rhyme) officers (near rhyme)

Erros comuns

Pronouncing the 'ph' as a 'p' sound.
Stressing the first syllable: PHI-lo-so-phers.
Missing the 's' at the end when talking about a group.
Confusing the 'o' sounds in the middle.
Adding an extra 'r' sound in the middle.

Nível de dificuldade

Leitura 4/5

The word itself is common, but the texts it appears in are often very dense.

Escrita 5/5

Requires correct spelling and understanding of plural vs. singular usage.

Expressão oral 3/5

Pronunciation is generally straightforward once the 'ph' sound is mastered.

Audição 3/5

Easily recognizable in academic or intellectual discussions.

O que aprender depois

Pré-requisitos

think wisdom truth idea question

Aprenda a seguir

epistemology metaphysics ethics logic dialectic

Avançado

existentialism stoicism rationalism empiricism phenomenology

Gramática essencial

Pluralization of -er nouns

Teacher -> Teachers, Philosopher -> Philosophers.

Use of 'the' with groups

The philosophers of Greece (specific group).

Reporting verbs with 'that' clauses

Philosophers claim that truth is objective.

Adjective order

Famous ancient Greek philosophers.

Subject-verb agreement

The philosophers are (not is) debating.

Cadastre-se grátis para ler a explicação completa

Exemplos por nível

Philosophers think about big questions.

Philosophes

Plural noun.

Many philosophers lived in Greece.

Grèce

Past tense verb 'lived'.

Do you know any famous philosophers?

Célèbres

Interrogative sentence.

Philosophers love wisdom.

Sagesse

Present simple.

He wants to be one of the great philosophers.

Grands

Noun phrase.

Philosophers write books about life.

Vie

Subject-verb-object.

We can learn from philosophers.

Apprendre

Modal verb 'can'.

Are philosophers very smart?

Intelligents

Adjective 'smart'.

Ancient philosophers discussed what is right and wrong.

Discuté

Adjective 'Ancient' modifying the noun.

Some philosophers believe that people are naturally good.

Croient

Subordinate clause starting with 'that'.

I am reading a book by several different philosophers.

Différents

Present continuous.

Philosophers use logic to solve problems.

Logique

Infinitive of purpose 'to solve'.

Why did philosophers start asking these questions?

Pourquoi

Past simple question.

The philosophers of the past were very brave.

Courageux

Prepositional phrase 'of the past'.

Many philosophers were also scientists.

Scientifiques

Linking verb 'were'.

She likes to listen to podcasts about philosophers.

Balados

Gerund 'listening' or infinitive 'to listen'.

Philosophers often challenge the way we see the world.

Défient

Adverb 'often' modifying the verb.

During the Enlightenment, philosophers focused on reason.

Raison

Prepositional phrase 'During the Enlightenment'.

It is difficult to understand some philosophers without help.

Difficile

It-is-adjective-to-infinitive pattern.

Philosophers have influenced our modern laws.

Influencé

Present perfect tense.

If you study philosophers, you will learn to think critically.

Critiquement

First conditional.

The philosophers argued about the nature of reality.

Réalité

Past simple with 'about'.

Most philosophers agree that education is important.

D'accord

Noun clause as object.

There are many female philosophers who are often forgotten.

Oubliées

Relative clause 'who are often forgotten'.

Existentialist philosophers emphasize individual freedom and choice.

Mettent l'accent

Specific adjective 'Existentialist'.

Philosophers analyze arguments to find logical fallacies.

Sophismes

Transitive verb 'analyze'.

The contributions of Greek philosophers remain relevant today.

Pertinentes

Subject-verb agreement with 'contributions'.

Philosophers seek to define the concept of 'the good life'.

Définir

Verb 'seek' followed by infinitive.

Many philosophers have debated the ethics of warfare.

Guerre

Present perfect 'have debated'.

Political philosophers explore the origins of social contracts.

Contrats sociaux

Compound noun 'social contracts'.

Some philosophers argue that morality is subjective.

Subjective

Reporting verb 'argue'.

The works of these philosophers are studied in universities worldwide.

Mondialement

Passive voice 'are studied'.

Continental philosophers often employ a more literary style of prose.

Prose littéraire

Adverb 'often' and adjective 'literary'.

Philosophers in the analytic tradition prioritize linguistic clarity.

Clarté linguistique

Prepositional phrase 'in the analytic tradition'.

The skepticism of certain philosophers can be quite unsettling.

Scepticisme

Noun 'skepticism' as subject.

Phenomenological philosophers investigate the structures of consciousness.

Conscience

Complex adjective 'Phenomenological'.

Philosophers have long interrogated the relationship between mind and body.

Interrogé

Present perfect with 'long' as an adverb.

Post-modern philosophers question the existence of objective truth.

Vérité objective

Prefix 'Post-' in 'Post-modern'.

The ethical frameworks proposed by philosophers guide modern bioethics.

Bioéthique

Past participle phrase 'proposed by philosophers'.

Few philosophers would claim to have found the final answer.

Prétendre

Quantifier 'Few' with plural noun.

The dialectical method used by philosophers facilitates rigorous debate.

Méthode dialectique

Complex subject with 'used by philosophers' as a modifier.

Philosophers often grapple with the inherent contradictions of human nature.

Luttent avec

Phrasal verb 'grapple with'.

The ontological arguments of medieval philosophers are still scrutinized.

Scrutés

Passive voice 'are still scrutinized'.

Philosophers serve as the architects of our conceptual landscape.

Architectes

Metaphorical usage.

To what extent do philosophers influence the zeitgeist of an era?

Zeitgeist

Interrogative with 'To what extent'.

Philosophers must navigate the tension between empiricism and rationalism.

Empirisme

Modal 'must' for necessity.

The hermeneutic approach allows philosophers to interpret ancient texts anew.

Herméneutique

Adjective 'hermeneutic'.

Contemporary philosophers are increasingly engaged with environmental ethics.

Éthique environnementale

Adverb 'increasingly' modifying 'engaged'.

Colocações comuns

ancient philosophers

moral philosophers

political philosophers

modern philosophers

Greek philosophers

Enlightenment philosophers

leading philosophers

western philosophers

eastern philosophers

natural philosophers

Frases Comuns

the great philosophers

— Refers to the most influential thinkers in history.

The course covers the great philosophers from Plato to Kant.

philosophers' stone

— A mythical substance that turns metal to gold; often used metaphorically.

He is searching for the philosophers' stone of marketing.

armchair philosophers

— People who talk about deep things without practical experience.

Don't listen to those armchair philosophers on the internet.

schools of philosophers

— Groups of thinkers who share similar beliefs.

Different schools of philosophers have different views on truth.

a meeting of philosophers

— A gathering for intellectual debate.

The conference was a meeting of philosophers from around the world.

the role of philosophers

— The function or purpose of thinkers in society.

The role of philosophers is to question everything.

philosophers of science

— Thinkers who study the foundations and methods of science.

Philosophers of science ask what makes a theory 'scientific'.

read the philosophers

— To study the original texts written by thinkers.

You should read the philosophers yourself to understand them.

among philosophers

— A phrase used to describe a common debate in the field.

Among philosophers, there is no consensus on this issue.

like the philosophers of old

— In the manner of ancient, wise thinkers.

He spoke like the philosophers of old, with great gravity.

Frequentemente confundido com

philosophers vs philosophy

Philosophy is the subject; philosophers are the people who study it.

philosophers vs philanthropists

Philanthropists give money to charity; philosophers give thoughts to the world.

philosophers vs psychologists

Psychologists study the mind's behavior; philosophers study the mind's nature.

Expressões idiomáticas

"to be a bit of a philosopher"

— To take a calm, thoughtful approach to problems.

He's a bit of a philosopher when things go wrong.

informal

"philosophical about it"

— To accept a bad situation calmly.

She was quite philosophical about losing her job.

neutral

"the wisdom of the philosophers"

— Deep, timeless knowledge.

We need the wisdom of the philosophers to solve this crisis.

formal

"living like a philosopher"

— Living simply and focusing on the mind.

He moved to the mountains, living like a philosopher.

literary

"the philosopher's path"

— A life dedicated to seeking truth.

She chose the philosopher's path over a career in business.

literary

"to philosophize over a beer"

— To have deep conversations in a casual setting.

They spent the night philosophizing over a beer.

informal

"ivory tower philosophers"

— Thinkers who are out of touch with real life.

We don't need ivory tower philosophers; we need practical solutions.

critical

"the king of philosophers"

— A title often given to Plato or Aristotle.

Plato is sometimes called the king of philosophers.

academic

"thinking like a philosopher"

— Approaching a problem with logic and depth.

Try thinking like a philosopher for a moment.

neutral

"beyond the philosophers"

— Something so complex even thinkers can't explain it.

The mystery of the universe is beyond the philosophers.

literary

Fácil de confundir

philosophers vs Sophists

Both were ancient Greek thinkers.

Philosophers seek truth; Sophists were often seen as using clever arguments to win debates regardless of truth.

Socrates disliked the Sophists.

philosophers vs Theologians

Both study deep, existential questions.

Theologians start with religious faith; philosophers start with reason and logic.

Theologians study God, while philosophers study being.

philosophers vs Scientists

In the past, they were the same thing.

Scientists use experiments and data; philosophers use logic and thought experiments.

Scientists test the world; philosophers question the test.

philosophers vs Ideologues

Both deal with systems of ideas.

Ideologues are often rigid and biased; philosophers are ideally open to critical inquiry.

We need philosophers, not ideologues, in government.

philosophers vs Mystics

Both seek higher understanding.

Mystics rely on intuition or spiritual experience; philosophers rely on rational argument.

The mystic feels the truth, but philosophers prove it.

Padrões de frases

Philosophers are [adjective].

Philosophers are smart.

Philosophers like to [verb].

Philosophers like to think.

Philosophers believe that [clause].

Philosophers believe that people are good.

The [adjective] philosophers [verb] [object].

The ancient philosophers studied the stars.

Philosophers, who [clause], often [verb].

Philosophers, who study ethics, often debate justice.

It is argued by philosophers that [clause].

It is argued by philosophers that reality is a construct.

The [noun] of philosophers [verb] [adverb].

The skepticism of philosophers resonates deeply.

Rarely do philosophers [verb] [object].

Rarely do philosophers agree on a single truth.

Família de palavras

Substantivos

philosopher

philosophy

philosophizing

Verbos

philosophize

Adjetivos

philosophical

Relacionado

logic

ethics

metaphysics

reason

wisdom

Cadastre-se grátis para ver todos os exemplos

Como usar

frequency

Common in educational and intellectual contexts.

Erros comuns

The philosophers studies life. → The philosophers study life.
The subject 'philosophers' is plural, so the verb must be 'study'.
I am a philosophers. → I am a philosopher.
Use the singular form 'philosopher' when referring to one person.
He is a great philosofer. → He is a great philosopher.
The correct spelling uses 'ph', not 'f'.
I like reading philosophy books by philosophers. → I like reading books by philosophers.
While not strictly wrong, 'philosophy books by philosophers' is redundant.
The philosophers's ideas. → The philosophers' ideas.
For plural possessives ending in 's', just add an apostrophe.

Dicas

Plurality

Always remember that 'philosophers' refers to a group. If you are talking about one person, use 'philosopher'.

Context

Use 'philosophers' when you want to sound more formal or academic than just saying 'thinkers'.

The 'PH' Sound

Remember that 'ph' makes an 'f' sound. Don't let the spelling confuse your pronunciation.

Global View

Remember that philosophers exist in every culture, not just the Western tradition.

Articles

Use 'the philosophers' for a specific group and just 'philosophers' for the general concept.

Modifiers

Adding adjectives like 'Stoic' or 'Modern' helps make your writing more precise.

Reasoning

When you mention philosophers, be prepared to discuss the logic or arguments they use.

Eras

Try to learn which philosophers belong to which historical era (e.g., Enlightenment, Ancient).

Modern Media

Look for philosophers on podcasts to hear how the word is used in modern conversation.

Avoid Confusion

Don't confuse 'philosophers' with 'philosophy'. One is people, the other is the study.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Think of 'Phil' who loves 'Sofa' (Sophia) and 'Her' (philosophers). Phil-Sofa-Her.

Associação visual

Imagine a group of people in white robes sitting on marble steps, talking intensely while holding scrolls.

Word Web

Wisdom Logic Ethics Thinking Books History Truth Reason

Desafio

Try to name three famous philosophers and one thing they believed in.

Origem da palavra

From the Ancient Greek word 'philosophos', which combines 'philos' (loving) and 'sophia' (wisdom). It was allegedly coined by Pythagoras.

Significado original: A lover of wisdom, as opposed to a 'sophist' (one who claims to be wise).

Indo-European (Greek -> Latin -> Old French -> English).

Contexto cultural

Be aware that 'Western Philosophy' is often taught as the default, but 'Eastern' and 'African' philosophers are equally significant.

In the UK and US, 'philosophy' is a popular university major, though often joked about as being 'impractical'.

The School of Athens (painting by Raphael) The Matrix (film with heavy philosophical themes) Sophie's World (novel about the history of philosophers)

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

University Lecture

Today we discuss...
The philosopher argues...
In this text...
Critical analysis of...

Political Debate

The social contract...
Rights and duties...
As the philosophers noted...
The foundation of justice...

Book Club

What did the author mean?
This reminds me of...
The philosophical themes...
Deep meaning...

Ethics Committee

The moral implications...
Ethical frameworks...
What is the right thing?
Philosophical perspective...

Late-night Conversation

Do you ever wonder...?
What if...?
It's all relative...
The meaning of it all...

Iniciadores de conversa

"If you could meet any of the famous philosophers from history, who would it be?"

"Do you think modern philosophers have as much influence as ancient ones?"

"Which philosophers do you think have the best advice for living a happy life?"

"Why do you think philosophers are often seen as being 'out of touch' with reality?"

"Can anyone be one of the philosophers, or do you need a degree?"

Temas para diário

Write about a time you felt like one of the philosophers, questioning everything around you.

If you had to create a new school for philosophers, what would be your main rule?

Do you agree with the philosophers who say that 'the unexamined life is not worth living'?

Which of the philosophers' ideas has had the biggest impact on your own life?

Describe a world where philosophers are the ones who make all the laws.

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

While both engage in deep thought, a philosopher usually works within a formal tradition of logic and academic inquiry. A thinker is a broader term that can apply to anyone with original or deep ideas in any field.

Yes, there are thousands of professional philosophers working in universities, ethics boards, and think tanks. They address modern issues like digital privacy, animal rights, and the nature of consciousness.

In a broad sense, yes. Anyone who systematically questions the nature of reality and ethics can be considered a philosopher. However, in a professional sense, the title usually requires academic training.

Thales of Miletus is often cited as the first Western philosopher because he tried to explain the world without relying on mythology.

Ancient Greece is where the Western tradition of philosophy began, with famous figures like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle establishing the core methods of the field.

It is rare for all philosophers to agree, as the nature of the discipline is to question and debate. However, they generally agree on the importance of logic and clear definitions.

They read, write, teach, and engage in debates. They analyze arguments, write books and articles, and try to solve conceptual problems.

No, the singular is 'philosopher'. You use 'philosophers' when referring to more than one person or the profession in general.

It is a concept from Plato's 'Republic' which suggests that the best leaders are those who have the wisdom and knowledge of a philosopher.

Historically, it was called the 'mother of all sciences'. Today, it is considered a humanity, though it shares close ties with logic and the foundations of science.

Cadastre-se grátis para ver dicas e notas