대가하다 em 30 segundos
- A formal verb meaning to remunerate or compensate for efforts or sacrifices.
- Rooted in the Hanja for 'substitute price,' emphasizing a fair exchange of value.
- Commonly used in professional, legal, or philosophical contexts rather than daily talk.
- Essential for understanding Korean concepts of reciprocity and the 'price' of actions.
The Korean verb 대가하다 (代價--) is a formal and somewhat academic term that describes the act of providing compensation, remuneration, or a return for services, goods, or sacrifices made by another party. At its core, it involves the principle of reciprocity—ensuring that an action or a loss is balanced by a corresponding payment or reward. While in everyday spoken Korean, people might use simpler terms like '돈을 주다' (to give money) or '보답하다' (to repay a favor), 대가하다 carries a weight of formal obligation and legal or ethical duty. It is most frequently encountered in literature, formal contracts, or philosophical discussions regarding the 'price' of one's actions or the 'cost' of progress.
- Etymological Root
- The word is derived from the Hanja '代' (dae), meaning to substitute or replace, and '價' (ga), meaning price or value. Thus, the verb literally translates to 'to act as the price of substitution.'
그는 자신의 실수를 만회하기 위해 성실함으로 대가했다.
In a modern context, you might see this word used when discussing social justice or historical reparations. For instance, when a society acknowledges the labor of its predecessors, it seeks ways to 대가하다 for those sacrifices. It isn't just about money; it's about the equilibrium of value. If you spend your time helping a friend move, and they buy you a lavish dinner, they are attempting to 대가하다 for your time and physical effort. The nuance here is that the 'price' being paid is specifically linked to the value of what was given up.
- Economic Context
- Used in business to describe the settlement of debts or the fulfillment of a financial quid pro quo.
회사는 직원의 초과 근무에 대해 정당하게 대가해야 한다.
Furthermore, the concept of 대가하다 extends into the realm of karma or consequences. In Korean literature, a protagonist might have to 대가하다 for their past sins, meaning they must pay the price through suffering or redemption. This usage highlights the word's versatility—it moves from the tangible world of currency into the intangible world of morality and fate. For an English speaker, think of it as 'paying the piper' or 'making amends' in a very structured, formal way. It is the bridge between a simple 'thank you' and a full legal restitution.
Using 대가하다 correctly requires understanding its role as a transitive verb that often takes an object representing the 'thing being paid for' or the 'effort being compensated.' In Korean grammar, this usually follows the pattern [Target of Compensation] + 에 대해 (about/for) + [Method of Compensation] + 로 (with/by) + 대가하다. This structure allows the speaker to specify exactly what is being balanced out. Because it is a -하다 verb, it conjugates normally across various politeness levels, though it is rarely seen in the 'banmal' (informal) form due to its inherently formal nature.
- Common Structure
- [Effort/Service] + 에 대한 보답으로 (as a reward for) + [Reward] + 를/을 대가하다.
정부는 국민의 세금에 행정 서비스로 대가한다.
When writing or speaking at an A2 level, you might encounter this in reading passages about work-life balance or societal roles. For example, a passage might say, '우리는 자연의 혜택에 감사하며 보존으로 대가해야 합니다' (We must be grateful for nature's benefits and compensate with conservation). Here, the verb is used metaphorically. It suggests a cycle of giving and receiving. Unlike '사다' (to buy), which is a simple transaction, 대가하다 implies a deeper necessity of balancing the scales of value. It is often used in the passive-like form '대가가 치러지다' (the price is paid), but the active verb form focuses on the agent performing the act of compensation.
노동의 가치를 돈으로만 대가하기에는 부족함이 있다.
In professional emails, you might use a derivative form. For instance, '귀하의 노고에 대가하는 의미로...' (In the sense of remunerating your hard work...). This elevates the tone of the communication, showing respect for the recipient's effort. It is important to distinguish this from '보상하다' (to compensate for loss/damage). While 대가하다 is about paying the value of something received, '보상하다' is often about making up for something negative that happened. Understanding this distinction is key to achieving natural-sounding Korean in formal settings.
In daily life in Seoul or Busan, you won't hear a teenager say 대가하다 when they're paying for a movie ticket. However, as soon as you turn on the evening news or open a business journal like the 'Maeil Business Newspaper,' the word appears frequently. It is the language of the boardroom and the courtroom. When a CEO discusses 'remuneration packages' for executives, or when a politician discusses 'compensating' a specific demographic for historical disadvantages, 대가하다 is the preferred verb because it sounds objective and authoritative. It removes the personal emotion of 'thanks' and replaces it with the professional concept of 'equitable exchange.'
- Media Usage
- Found in news headlines regarding minimum wage increases or corporate bonuses.
뉴스: "정부는 피해 농가에 적절한 지원으로 대가할 방침입니다."
Another common place to hear this word is in historical dramas (Sageuk). Characters often speak of 'paying the price' for loyalty or betrayal. In these contexts, the word emphasizes the gravity of the situation. If a general sacrifices his life for the king, the king might vow to 대가하다 his family's loyalty for generations. This historical resonance gives the word a sense of permanence and high stakes. Even in modern K-Dramas, if a character is involved in a high-stakes legal battle or a corporate takeover, the dialogue will shift from casual slang to formal verbs like 대가하다 to signal a shift in the seriousness of the topic.
Educationally, you will see this in TOPIK (Test of Proficiency in Korean) level 3 or 4 reading materials. It appears in essays about social ethics, economics, and philosophy. For an A2 learner, recognizing the word is more important than using it in conversation. If you are reading a Korean blog post about 'The Price of Success,' the author will likely use 대가 (the noun) and 대가하다 (the verb) to discuss what one must give up to achieve their goals. It is a fundamental word for understanding the Korean mindset regarding effort and reward, which is deeply rooted in the idea that nothing of value is free.
One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using 대가하다 is confusing it with the noun form '대가' (daega). While '대가' means 'price' or 'cost,' 대가하다 is the action of paying that price. Beginners often try to say '대가해요' when they mean 'it is expensive' (비싸요) or 'the price is high' (대가가 커요). You must remember that 대가하다 is an intentional act performed by someone to balance a value. Another mistake is using it for simple purchases. You don't '대가하다' for a cup of coffee; you '계산하다' (to pay/calculate) or '지불하다' (to pay). Using 대가하다 at a cafe would sound like you are performing a solemn ritual of compensation for the beans' sacrifice.
- Mistake: Wrong Formality
- Using '대가해' with friends. It sounds overly dramatic and stiff.
❌ 친구야, 점심값 대가할게.
✅ 친구야, 점심값 낼게 / 갚을게.
Another nuance error is the confusion between 대가하다 and '보상하다' (to compensate/reimburse). '보상하다' is the standard term used when someone has suffered a loss or injury. If you break someone's window, you '보상' them. If you are paying someone for their professional expertise in a formal contract, 대가하다 is more appropriate as it implies a balanced exchange of value rather than a repair of damage. Learners also struggle with the particle usage. They often forget that since it's a formal verb, it usually takes the object marker '를/을' or the '에 대해' (for/about) construction. Saying just '노력 대가해요' is grammatically incomplete; it should be '노력에 대해 대가해요.'
Finally, some learners over-rely on the dictionary definition 'to remunerate' and use it in business emails where '지급하다' (to provide/issue payment) would be more standard. '지급하다' is the technical term for 'sending the money,' while 대가하다 is the conceptual term for 'providing value in return.' If you are telling a client you sent the money, use '송금했습니다' or '지급했습니다.' If you are discussing the philosophy of fair pay in a speech, use 대가하다. Distinguishing between the 'action of paying' and the 'concept of compensation' is a hallmark of moving from A2 to B1 proficiency.
To truly master 대가하다, you must see where it sits in the family of 'payment' and 'repayment' verbs in Korean. The most common alternative is 보상하다 (補償--). While both involve compensation, 보상하다 is the legal and insurance-standard term. If a flight is delayed, the airline '보상' the passengers. If you work hard and get a bonus, the company is '대가' your effort. Another close relative is 배상하다 (賠償--), which is specifically used for legal reparations when a wrong has been committed. It is much more negative in connotation than 대가하다.
- Comparison: 대가하다 vs. 보답하다
- 대가하다: Formal, objective, value-based exchange.
보답하다: Warm, personal, gratitude-based repayment (e.g., for a favor).
"친절에 보답하고 싶어요." (I want to repay your kindness.)
"노동에 대가해야 합니다." (Labor must be remunerated.)
For everyday financial transactions, 지불하다 (支付--) is the most versatile formal word. It simply means 'to pay.' If you are at a high-end department store or dealing with a contract, you '지불' the amount. 대가하다 is broader because it doesn't have to involve money—it could be a service for a service. Then there is 갚다, the native Korean word. It is the most common word for 'repaying' a debt, a favor, or even revenge (원수를 갚다). It is the 'go-to' word for A2 learners because it fits almost any situation where something is owed and then given back.
Lastly, in very formal or literary contexts, you might see 변상하다 (辨償--), which means to pay back for something lost or damaged, similar to 'reimburse.' For example, if you lose a library book, you '변상' the cost. Understanding these subtle differences allows you to choose the right word for the right social context. 대가하다 remains the most 'philosophical' of the bunch, focusing on the equilibrium of value in the universe. By learning these synonyms, you build a web of meaning that makes each individual word easier to remember and use correctly.
Curiosidade
The character '代' originally depicted a person and a stake, representing a person taking a turn or position. '價' combines 'person' and 'shell/money,' representing the value a person places on an object.
Guia de pronúncia
- Pronouncing 'dae' as 'tae' (aspirated).
- Pronouncing 'ga' as 'ka'.
- Failing to pronounce the 'h' in 'hada' clearly.
- Putting too much stress on the last syllable.
- Confusing the pitch with 'daega' (master/expert) which has a different Hanja.
Exemplos por nível
그는 사과로 대가했다.
He compensated with an apology.
Simple Subject + Instrument (로) + Verb.
우리는 선물로 대가해요.
We compensate with a gift.
Present tense polite form (-해요).
도움에 대가하고 싶어요.
I want to compensate for the help.
-고 싶다 (want to) attached to the verb stem.
돈으로 대가하지 마세요.
Please do not compensate with money.
-지 마세요 (Please don't) prohibitive form.
친구가 밥으로 대가했어요.
My friend compensated with a meal.
Past tense (-했어요).
무엇으로 대가할까요?
With what shall I compensate?
-ㄹ까요? (Shall I/we?) suggestive ending.
시간으로 대가했습니다.
I compensated with time.
Formal past tense (-했습니다).
이것은 대가하기 어려워요.
This is difficult to compensate.
-기 어렵다 (difficult to do).
회사는 노력에 대가해야 합니다.
The company must compensate for the effort.
-해야 합니다 (must do) obligation.
그녀는 친절에 대가하려고 해요.
She intends to compensate for the kindness.
-(으)려고 하다 (intend to).
우리는 노동의 가치를 대가합니다.
We remunerate the value of labor.
Object marker (를/을) used with the value.
정당하게 대가하는 것이 중요해요.
It is important to compensate fairly.
-는 것 (nominalizing the verb) + adjective.
사장은 보너스로 대가했습니다.
The boss compensated with a bonus.
Subject marker (-은/는) + Instrument (-로).
실수를 노력으로 대가하세요.
Compensate for your mistake with effort.
-(으)세요 (imperative/request).
그들은 충분히 대가하지 않았어요.
They did not compensate sufficiently.
-지 않다 (negation).
무료 서비스에 대가할 필요 없어요.
There is no need to compensate for free services.
-(으)ㄹ 필요 없다 (no need to).
사회의 발전에 헌신으로 대가합시다.
Let's compensate for society's development with dedication.
-읍시다 (Let's) formal suggestion.
모든 행동에는 대가해야 할 책임이 따른다.
Every action is followed by a responsibility to compensate.
Relative clause (-ㄹ) modifying '책임'.
예술가의 창작물에 정당한 가격으로 대가해야 한다.
We must remunerate the artist's creation with a fair price.
Possessive marker (-의) and adjective modifying the noun.
희생에 대가하기 위해 기념비를 세웠다.
A monument was built to compensate for the sacrifice.
-기 위해 (in order to).
충분히 대가하지 못하면 신뢰가 깨집니다.
If you cannot compensate sufficiently, trust will break.
-(으)면 (if) conditional.
그는 과거의 잘못을 선행으로 대가하고 있다.
He is compensating for past wrongs with good deeds.
-고 있다 (progressive/continuous).
정부는 피해를 입은 상인들에게 대가할 방침이다.
The government plans to remunerate the affected merchants.
Noun + 이다 (to be) used for plans.
지식의 공유는 감사의 마음으로 대가됩니다.
The sharing of knowledge is compensated with a heart of gratitude.
Passive-like usage with -되다.
기업은 환경 오염에 대해 사회적 책임으로 대가해야 한다.
Corporations must compensate for environmental pollution with social responsibility.
Complex noun phrases as objects.
그의 성공은 수많은 밤의 노력으로 대가한 결과이다.
His success is the result of compensating with countless nights of effort.
Past participial form (-한) modifying '결과'.
우리는 조상들의 노고에 대가하는 삶을 살아야 합니다.
We must live lives that remunerate the hard work of our ancestors.
Present participial form (-하는) modifying '삶'.
전문적인 기술에는 그에 걸맞은 보수로 대가해야 마땅하다.
It is only right to remunerate professional skills with a matching salary.
-아/어 마땅하다 (to be only right/proper).
자유는 결코 거저 주어지는 것이 아니라 희생으로 대가하는 것이다.
Freedom is never given for free but is something compensated for by sacrifice.
A-이/가 아니라 B-이다 (Not A but B) structure.
작가는 독자의 관심에 좋은 작품으로 대가하겠다고 약속했다.
The author promised to remunerate the readers' interest with a good work.
-겠다고 약속하다 (promised that...).
부당한 대우에 대해 법적으로 대가할 방법을 찾고 있습니다.
I am looking for a way to legally compensate for the unfair treatment.
Adverbial form (-적으로) and '방법' (method).
그들은 자신들의 실수를 금전적으로 대가하려 하지 않았다.
They did not try to remunerate their mistakes financially.
-(으)려 하지 않다 (not try to/not intend to).
역사적 불의에 대해 진정성 있는 사과와 배상으로 대가하는 것이 국가의 책무이다.
It is the duty of the state to remunerate historical injustice with sincere apologies and reparations.
Long subject clause nominalized with -하는 것.
인간의 탐욕이 초래한 결과는 결국 인류가 대가해야 할 몫으로 남았다.
The consequences brought about by human greed ultimately remained as the portion humanity must compensate for.
Relative clause '인간의 탐욕이 초래한' modifying '결과'.
학문적 성취는 끊임없는 탐구와 고뇌로 대가해야만 얻을 수 있는 고귀한 열매이다.
Academic achievement is a noble fruit that can only be obtained by remunerating with constant inquiry and agony.
-해야만 (only if one does) emphatic condition.
그 정책은 단기적 이익을 위해 장기적 손실로 대가하게 만드는 위험한 도박이다.
That policy is a dangerous gamble that makes one compensate with long-term loss for short-term gain.
-게 만들다 (causative: to make someone do).
우리는 타인의 권리를 침해했을 때 그에 상응하는 도덕적 책무로 대가해야 한다.
When we infringe on others' rights, we must remunerate with a corresponding moral obligation.
-(으)ㄹ 때 (when) temporal clause.
진정한 리더십은 권한을 누리는 것이 아니라 책임으로 대가하는 과정에서 증명된다.
True leadership is proven in the process of remunerating with responsibility rather than enjoying authority.
-는 과정에서 (in the process of).
예술은 시대의 아픔을 치유와 성찰로 대가하며 그 가치를 실현한다.
Art realizes its value by remunerating the pain of the era with healing and reflection.
-하며 (while/and) connective.
법치주의 사회에서 모든 범죄는 법의 심판으로 대가하게 되어 있다.
In a society based on the rule of law, all crimes are meant to be compensated for by the judgment of the law.
-게 되어 있다 (to be destined/arranged to).
존재의 유한함을 인식하는 자만이 삶의 매 순간을 실존적 결단으로 대가하며 살아간다.
Only those who recognize the finitude of existence live by remunerating every moment of life with existential resolution.
Focus particle -만이 (only) and complex adverbial phrases.
문명의 진보는 필연적으로 자연의 훼손을 대가하며 이루어진 모순적 산물이다.
The progress of civilization is a contradictory product achieved by inevitably remunerating with the destruction of nature.
Adverbial '필연적으로' (inevitably).
권력의 정점에 선 자는 그 권력이 부여하는 무게를 고독과 고뇌로 대가해야 함을 잊어서는 안 된다.
One who stands at the pinnacle of power must not forget that they must remunerate the weight bestowed by that power with solitude and agony.
-해야 함을 잊다 (forget the fact that one must...).
고전의 가치는 시대를 초월하여 인간 정신의 심연을 탐구로 대가하게 만드는 힘에 있다.
The value of classics lies in the power that makes one remunerate the abyss of the human spirit with exploration, transcending eras.
Possessive and relative clauses nested deeply.
사회적 합의는 각 집단의 이익을 양보와 타협으로 대가하는 고도의 정치적 행위이다.
Social consensus is a highly political act of remunerating the interests of each group with concessions and compromise.
Formal noun-heavy academic style.
철학은 세계의 불확실성을 사유의 엄밀함으로 대가하며 진리에 다가가려 노력한다.
Philosophy strives to approach truth by remunerating the uncertainty of the world with the rigor of thought.
Abstract nouns used as objects of compensation.
영웅의 서사는 평범한 삶의 안락함을 위대한 업적으로 대가하는 비극적 숭고미를 담고 있다.
The hero's narrative contains a tragic sublimity that remunerates the comfort of an ordinary life with great achievements.
Complex literary descriptors.
우리는 기술의 편리함이 인간 소외라는 그늘로 대가되지 않도록 경계해야 한다.
We must be vigilant so that the convenience of technology is not remunerated with the shadow of human alienation.
-지 않도록 (so that... not) purpose clause.
Colocações comuns
Frases Comuns
— To pay the price for something, often a mistake.
실수에 대한 대가를 톡톡히 치렀다.
— A fair or reasonable price/reward.
노력에 대한 합당한 대가를 원한다.
— Without any reward or price; for free.
그는 대가 없이 우리를 도와주었다.
— A price or consequence follows an action.
모든 선택에는 대가가 따르는 법이다.
— A high price paid for something.
그는 성공을 위해 비싼 대가를 치렀다.
— To expect a reward or return.
나는 대가를 바라고 한 일이 아니다.
— A deserved price or punishment.
범죄자는 응분의 대가를 받아야 한다.
— To demand compensation or a price.
그들은 무리한 대가를 요구하고 있다.
— To pay the cost or price.
우리는 환경 파괴의 대가를 지불하고 있다.
— To promise a reward or payment.
승리하면 큰 대가를 약속하마.
Expressões idiomáticas
— There is no such thing as a free lunch; everything must be compensated.
기억해라, 세상에 공짜 점심은 없으니 대가해야 한다.
Common Proverb— Hard work (effort) will be compensated by success and won't be in vain.
열심히 대가하며 노력하면 공든 탑이 무너지지 않을 거야.
Encouraging— You reap what you sow; your actions will be compensated by their results.
나쁜 짓을 하면 결국 그 대가를 대가하게 된다.
Moralistic— The reward for blood, sweat, and tears.
이 메달은 그가 피땀 흘려 대가한 결과다.
Emotional— To pay a high price (compensation) to learn a life lesson.
이번 실패로 값비싼 수업료를 대가했다.
Metaphorical— One might take something now without thinking of the future price to be paid.
나중에 대가할 생각 없이 쓰면 안 된다.
Cautionary— To give a little and receive a lot (often used for trouble or revenge).
작은 실수가 큰 대가로 대가하게 되었다.
Sarcastic— An eye for an eye; compensating harm with equal harm.
그는 눈에는 눈으로 대가하려 했다.
Aggressive— A good word can compensate for even a huge debt.
진심 어린 말로 큰 실수를 대가했다.
Positive— Cannibalizing oneself; paying a price that hurts oneself.
지나친 경쟁은 제 살 깎아 먹는 대가일 뿐이다.
CriticalFamília de palavras
Substantivos
Verbos
Adjetivos
Relacionado
Origem da palavra
Derived from Sino-Korean roots. '代' (dae) means to replace or substitute. '價' (ga) means price or value. The suffix '-하다' turns it into a verb.
Significado original: To act as a substitute value for something received or lost.
Sino-Korean (Hanja-derived).Summary
The verb '대가하다' is your bridge to formal Korean discussions about fairness and reward. It moves beyond simple payment to describe the moral and economic duty of balancing the scales when someone gives their time, effort, or life for a cause. Example: '노력에 대가하다' (To remunerate effort).
- A formal verb meaning to remunerate or compensate for efforts or sacrifices.
- Rooted in the Hanja for 'substitute price,' emphasizing a fair exchange of value.
- Commonly used in professional, legal, or philosophical contexts rather than daily talk.
- Essential for understanding Korean concepts of reciprocity and the 'price' of actions.
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에 대한
A2Sobre; em relação a; a respeito de. Usado para ligar dois substantivos (ex: um livro sobre a Coreia).
~대하여
A2Significa 'sobre' ou 'a respeito de'. É usado para indicar o assunto de uma conversa ou texto.
대해서
A2Sobre; a respeito de.
에 대해
A2Uma expressão que significa 'sobre' ou 'a respeito de'.
풍요롭다
A2Ser abundante, próspero ou rico.
관철하다
B2Levar adiante a própria vontade ou exigências apesar das dificuldades. 'Ele conseguiu fazer prevalecer sua vontade.'
~에 따라
B1De acordo com, dependendo de. Usado para indicar que algo segue uma regra ou depende de uma variável.
에 따라
A2Dependendo do tempo, o plano muda. (Dependendo de)
에 의하면
B1De acordo com as notícias, esta frase significa 'segundo' ou 'de acordo com'. Exemplo: 'Segundo o jornal, vai chover amanhã.'
계좌번호
A2Um número de conta bancária. Usado para transferências e pagamentos eletrônicos na Coreia.
