Esta página no seu idioma
English فارسی العربية Deutsch Español Français 日本語 한국어 中文 हिन्दी
A1 adjective 8 min de leitura

голодний

hungry

At the A1 (Beginner) level, "голодний" is introduced as a basic adjective describing the physical sensation of needing food. Learners are expected to understand and use it in simple sentences to express their own hunger or ask if someone else is hungry. They will learn the basic gender forms (голодний, голодна) and how to negate it with "не". The focus is on direct, literal meaning in everyday survival contexts like asking for food.
At the A2 (Elementary) level, learners solidify their understanding of "голодний" and its gender/number agreement (голодний, голодна, голодне, голодні). They will encounter it more frequently in simple dialogues and texts, and be able to use it in slightly more complex sentences, perhaps describing the hunger of multiple people or animals. They might also start recognizing its use in simple questions and answers related to mealtimes.
Cadastre-se grátis para ler a explicação completa
At the B1 (Intermediate) level, "голодний" is fully integrated into a broader vocabulary. Learners will understand its nuances, including its use in slightly more descriptive contexts. They might encounter its less common metaphorical uses (e.g., "голодний до знань" - hungry for knowledge) but will primarily use it for literal hunger in everyday conversations, role-plays, and reading comprehension exercises. They are expected to use it accurately in terms of grammar and context.
Cadastre-se grátis para ler a explicação completa
At the B2 (Upper Intermediate) level, "голодний" is a word used with full confidence. Learners will understand its idiomatic or figurative uses more readily and be able to employ them appropriately. They will also recognize its presence in more complex sentence structures and understand its role in conveying subtle shades of meaning, such as emphasizing a prolonged state of hunger or a strong desire.
Cadastre-se grátis para ler a explicação completa
At the C1 (Advanced) level, "голодний" is a core vocabulary item. Learners will have a deep understanding of its semantic range, including its metaphorical and idiomatic applications. They will be able to use it with precision in formal and informal writing and speaking, understanding its connotations and register. Its use in literature, news, and complex discussions will be fully comprehended.
Cadastre-se grátis para ler a explicação completa
At the C2 (Proficiency) level, "голодний" is a word mastered to native-like fluency. Learners will understand its most subtle nuances, historical context, and potential for creative or poetic expression. They can employ it in any context with perfect accuracy and naturalness, recognizing its frequency and variations in different dialects or registers.
Cadastre-se grátis para ler a explicação completa
Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas

голодний em 30 segundos

  • "Голодний" (holódnyi) means "hungry".
  • It's a basic adjective for a physical need.
  • Endings change with gender and number: голодний (m), голодна (f), голодні (pl).
  • Use it to express your hunger or ask about others'.
Understanding "Голодний"
Core Meaning
The Ukrainian word "голодний" (holódnyi) is an adjective that translates directly to "hungry" in English. It describes the physical sensation of needing or wanting food.
Usage Contexts
This is a very common and fundamental word used in everyday situations. You'll hear it in homes, restaurants, schools, and among friends and family. It's essential for expressing a basic human need.

Я дуже голодний.

I am very hungry.
Beyond Physical Hunger
While primarily referring to the need for food, "голодний" can sometimes be used metaphorically to describe a strong desire or craving for something, such as knowledge or success, although this is less common in everyday A1 usage. For instance, someone might say they are "голодний до знань" (hungry for knowledge), but for beginners, focusing on the literal meaning is key.

Дитина голодна.

The child is hungry.
Grammatical Forms
As an adjective, "голодний" agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. For example:
  • Чоловічий рід (Masculine): Він голодний. (He is hungry.)
  • Жіночий рід (Feminine): Вона голодна. (She is hungry.)
  • Середній рід (Neuter): Це голодне цуценя. (This is a hungry puppy.)
  • Множина (Plural): Діти голодні. (The children are hungry.)

Ми голодні.

We are hungry.
Everyday Scenarios
Imagine you are in Ukraine and feel the need to eat. You would say: "Я голодний" (Ya holódnyi - I am hungry) if you are male, or "Я голодна" (Ya holódna - I am hungry) if you are female. If you are with a group, you would say "Ми голодні" (My holódni - We are hungry).

Кіт голодний.

The cat is hungry.
Common Phrases
You will often hear it in questions like: "Ти голодний?" (Ty holódnyi? - Are you hungry? [to a male]) or "Чи ти голодна?" (Chy ty holódna? - Are you hungry? [to a female]). The answer might be "Так, я голодний" (Tak, ya holódnyi - Yes, I am hungry) or "Ні, я не голодний" (Ni, ya ne holódnyi - No, I am not hungry).

Курча голодне.

The chick is hungry.

Mastering "голодний" is a significant step in understanding basic Ukrainian expressions related to physical needs and daily interactions.

Constructing Sentences with "Голодний"
Basic Structure
The most straightforward way to use "голодний" is in the structure: Subject + "бути" (to be, often implied in present tense) + "голодний/голодна/голодне/голодні".

Я голодний.

I am hungry (male speaker).
With Pronouns
Using personal pronouns is very common:
  • Ти (You, singular informal): Ти голодний? (Are you hungry? - to a male) / Ти голодна? (Are you hungry? - to a female)
  • Він (He): Він голодний. (He is hungry.)
  • Вона (She): Вона голодна. (She is hungry.)
  • Воно (It, neuter): Дитя голодне. (The child is hungry.)
  • Ми (We): Ми голодні. (We are hungry.)
  • Ви (You, plural/formal): Ви голодні? (Are you hungry? - plural or formal)
  • Вони (They): Вони голодні. (They are hungry.)

Мій брат голодний.

My brother is hungry.
With Nouns
The adjective must agree with the noun:
  • Чоловічий рід (Masculine): Пес голодний. (The dog is hungry.)
  • Жіночий рід (Feminine): Кішка голодна. (The cat is hungry.)
  • Середній рід (Neuter): Сонце голодне? (Is the sun hungry? - a bit whimsical, but grammatically correct for neuter nouns)
  • Множина (Plural): Діти голодні. (The children are hungry.)

Моя сестра голодна.

My sister is hungry.
Expressing Desire for Food
You can combine "голодний" with phrases indicating the time or reason for hunger:
  • Після роботи: Після роботи я завжди голодний. (After work, I am always hungry.)
  • Зранку: Зранку ми були дуже голодні. (In the morning, we were very hungry.)
  • Перед обідом: Перед обідом усі стають голодні. (Before lunch, everyone gets hungry.)

Коли ми приїхали, діти були голодні.

When we arrived, the children were hungry.
Negation
To say you are not hungry, use "не" (not) before the adjective:
  • Я не голодний. (I am not hungry.)
  • Вона не голодна. (She is not hungry.)
  • Ми не голодні. (We are not hungry.)

Хлопчик не голодний.

The boy is not hungry.
Asking About Hunger
Questions are formed similarly, often starting with "Ти" or "Чи":
  • Ти голодна? (Are you hungry? - to a female)
  • Чи він голодний? (Is he hungry?)
  • Чи вони голодні? (Are they hungry?)

Practice forming sentences by changing the subject and ensuring the adjective agrees in gender and number. This is fundamental for accurate communication.

Real-World Usage of "Голодний"
Daily Conversations
"Голодний" is one of the most frequently used adjectives in Ukrainian. You will hear it constantly in everyday life. Imagine walking into a Ukrainian home: the host might ask, "Ви голодні?" (Are you hungry?). Or a child might run to their parent and say, "Мамо, я голодний!" (Mom, I'm hungry!).

Після прогулянки всі були голодні.

After the walk, everyone was hungry.
At Restaurants and Cafes
When ordering food, the concept of hunger is central. A waiter might ask, "Чи бажаєте щось замовити? Може, ви голодні?" (Would you like to order something? Perhaps you are hungry?). The response could be, "Так, ми дуже голодні" (Yes, we are very hungry).

Я голодна і хочу борщу.

I am hungry and want borscht.
Family Settings
In families, it's a common way to express needs. Parents inquire about their children's hunger: "Сину, ти голодний?" (Son, are you hungry?) or "Дочко, ти голодна?" (Daughter, are you hungry?).

Цей пес дуже голодний.

This dog is very hungry.
At School or Work
Students might tell each other, "Я голодний, підемо поїмо" (I'm hungry, let's go eat). Colleagues might discuss lunch plans, with someone stating, "Я вже голодна" (I'm already hungry).
In Media and Entertainment
In Ukrainian films, TV shows, and literature, "голодний" is used to describe characters' states and motivations. A character might be described as "голодний вовк" (a hungry wolf) metaphorically, or simply state their hunger in dialogue.

Вона відчувала себе дуже голодною після тренування.

She felt very hungry after the workout.
When Talking About Animals
It's common to describe animals as hungry too. "Мій кіт голодний" (My cat is hungry) or "Пташки голодні" (The birds are hungry).

Essentially, any time someone needs to express the state of wanting food, "голодний" (in its appropriate grammatical form) is the word they will use. It's a foundational piece of vocabulary for basic communication in Ukrainian.

Avoiding Pitfalls with "Голодний"
Gender and Number Agreement
The most frequent mistake for learners is failing to correctly match the ending of "голодний" to the gender and number of the noun it describes. Ukrainian adjectives change their endings. Remember:
  • -ий for masculine singular nouns (e.g., голодний хлопчик - hungry boy).
  • -а for feminine singular nouns (e.g., голодна дівчинка - hungry girl).
  • -е for neuter singular nouns (e.g., голодне цуценя - hungry puppy).
  • -і for plural nouns (e.g., голодні діти - hungry children).

Incorrect: Я голодна (if speaker is male).

Correct: Я голодний.
Forgetting "не" (Not)
When you are not hungry, you need to use the negation particle "не" (ne) before the adjective. Omitting it leads to an incorrect statement.
  • Incorrect: Я голодний. (When you mean 'I am not hungry')
  • Correct: Я не голодний. (I am not hungry.)

Incorrect: Вони голодні. (When meaning 'They are not hungry')

Correct: Вони не голодні.
Confusing with "їсти" (to eat)
Learners might sometimes confuse the state of being hungry with the action of eating. "Голодний" describes the feeling, while "їсти" is the verb for the action.
  • Incorrect: Я їсти. (Meaning 'I am hungry', but grammatically incorrect for expressing the state.)
  • Correct: Я голодний. (I am hungry.)
  • Correct: Я хочу їсти. (I want to eat.)

Incorrect: Дитина їсти. (When meaning 'The child is hungry')

Correct: Дитина голодна.
Using the Wrong Case
While less common at the A1 level, learners might eventually encounter situations where "голодний" is used in different grammatical cases. Using the wrong case can make the sentence ungrammatical or change its meaning.

Focusing on the correct gender and number agreement, using negation properly, and distinguishing between the state of hunger and the act of eating will significantly improve your accuracy when using "голодний".

Exploring Alternatives to "Голодний"
"Голодний" vs. "Сповнений" (Full)
These are direct antonyms. "Голодний" means hungry, while "сповнений" (spovnenyi) means full (after eating). You would use "сповнений" to describe the state of satisfaction after a meal.

Я був голодний, але тепер я сповнений.

I was hungry, but now I am full.
"Голодний" vs. "Зголоднілий"
"Зголоднілий" (zholodnilyi) is a past active participle, often implying someone who *has become* hungry, perhaps after a period without food, or emphasizing the onset of hunger. It's very similar to "голодний" but can carry a slightly stronger sense of having experienced hunger for some time.

Після довгої подорожі він почувався дуже зголоднілим.

After the long journey, he felt very hungry.
"Голодний" vs. "Бажати їсти"
"Бажати їсти" (bazhaty yisty) literally means "to desire to eat." This phrase expresses the wish or intention to eat, often implying that one is hungry. It's a more descriptive way to say you want food.

Я бажаю їсти.

I wish to eat / I want to eat (implying hunger).
"Голодний" vs. "Хочеться їсти"
"Хочеться їсти" (khochetsia yisty) is an impersonal construction meaning "one wants to eat" or "I feel like eating." It's a very common and natural way to express hunger, similar in usage to "голодний" but focusing on the feeling rather than a state.

Мені хочеться їсти.

I feel like eating / I want to eat.
"Голодний" vs. "Наїстися"
"Наїстися" (nayistysia) is a perfective verb meaning "to eat one's fill" or "to satisfy one's hunger." It's the action of ending the state of being hungry.

Ми хочемо наїстися.

We want to eat our fill.
Figurative Use: "Голодний" for Desire
In more advanced contexts, "голодний" can be used metaphorically to describe a strong desire or craving for something non-food related, like knowledge or success. However, for A1 learners, it's best to stick to the literal meaning of physical hunger.

Understanding these nuances will help you choose the most appropriate expression for different situations, but always start with mastering the fundamental meaning of "голодний".

How Formal Is It?

Formal

""

Neutro

""

Informal

""

Child friendly

""

Gíria

""

Curiosidade

The Proto-Slavic root *gъldъ is believed to be related to the concept of 'emptiness' or 'lack', which aligns perfectly with the sensation of hunger. It's a very old and fundamental word shared across many related languages.

Guia de pronúncia

UK [ɦoˈlɔdnei̯]
US [hoˈloʊdnɪj]
The stress falls on the second syllable: го-ЛО́Д-ний.
Rima com
Східний Західний Порожній Важливий Зовнішній Внутрішній Спокійний Звичайний
Erros comuns
  • Pronouncing the initial 'г' as a hard 'g' sound (like in 'go'). It should be a softer 'h' sound.
  • Pronouncing the unstressed 'о' too clearly; it should be reduced.
  • Not adequately distinguishing the final '-ий' diphthong, which sounds like 'ay'.

Nível de dificuldade

Leitura 1/5

At the A1 CEFR level, 'голодний' is considered very easy for reading comprehension. It's a high-frequency word directly related to a basic need, often appearing in simple declarative sentences or questions. Learners will quickly recognize its meaning and grammatical forms in context.

Escrita 1/5

Writing 'голодний' correctly is also straightforward at the A1 level, provided the learner understands the concept of gender and number agreement for adjectives. The basic sentence structures are simple, making it easy to incorporate into written sentences.

Expressão oral 1/5

Pronouncing and using 'голодний' in spoken Ukrainian is equally easy at A1. The pronunciation is relatively phonetic, and the core meaning is unambiguous. The main challenge is remembering the correct gender/number ending.

Audição 1/5

Recognizing 'голодний' when heard is very easy for A1 learners due to its high frequency and clear pronunciation. Context usually makes its meaning immediately apparent.

O que aprender depois

Pré-requisitos

Я Ти Він Вона Ми Вони Бути (implied) Їсти Не

Aprenda a seguir

Їжа Сповнений Бажати Хочеться Після Перед Завжди Ніколи

Avançado

Голод (noun) Голодувати Зголодніти Співчуття Дефіцит Насичення Екзистенційний Метафора

Gramática essencial

Agreement of Adjectives

The adjective 'голодний' must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies. For example: 'хлопчик (m. sg.) голодний', 'дівчинка (f. sg.) голодна', 'діти (pl.) голодні'.

Negation with 'не'

To express 'not hungry', the particle 'не' is placed before the adjective: 'Я не голодний.' (I am not hungry.)

Impersonal constructions

The phrase 'Хочеться їсти' (One wants to eat / I feel like eating) is an impersonal construction where the subject is implied and the verb is in the third person singular neuter form.

Past Tense of 'бути' (to be)

In the past tense, the verb 'бути' is used: 'Я був голодний.' (I was hungry - male speaker), 'Вона була голодна.' (She was hungry.)

Question Formation

Questions can be formed by inverting word order or using question words like 'Чи': 'Ти голодний?' (Are you hungry?) or 'Чи він голодний?' (Is he hungry?)

Cadastre-se grátis para ler a explicação completa

Exemplos por nível

1

Я голодний.

I am hungry.

Masculine singular adjective.

2

Вона голодна.

She is hungry.

Feminine singular adjective.

3

Ти голодний?

Are you hungry? (to a male)

Question form, masculine singular.

4

Ми голодні.

We are hungry.

Plural adjective.

5

Кіт голодний.

The cat is hungry.

Masculine singular noun, masculine singular adjective.

6

Дитина голодна.

The child is hungry. (referring to a female child)

Feminine singular noun, feminine singular adjective.

7

Я не голодний.

I am not hungry.

Negation with 'не'.

8

Чи ти голодна?

Are you hungry? (to a female)

Question form, feminine singular.

1

Після роботи я завжди голодний.

After work, I am always hungry.

Adverbial phrase of time, masculine singular adjective.

2

Моя сестра голодна, тому що вона не їла цілий день.

My sister is hungry because she hasn't eaten all day.

Use of 'тому що' (because), feminine singular adjective.

3

Чи ваші діти голодні?

Are your children hungry?

Question form, plural adjective.

4

Ми дуже голодні, давай поїмо.

We are very hungry, let's eat.

Intensifier 'дуже' (very), imperative suggestion.

5

Пес гавкає, бо він голодний.

The dog is barking because he is hungry.

Cause and effect, masculine singular adjective.

6

Цього ранку я прокинувся дуже голодним.

This morning I woke up very hungry.

Past tense verb 'прокинувся' (woke up), masculine singular adjective.

7

Вона сказала, що не голодна, але їла багато.

She said she wasn't hungry, but she ate a lot.

Reported speech, negation, feminine singular adjective.

8

На вулиці холодно, і ми голодні.

It's cold outside, and we are hungry.

Connecting two states with 'і' (and), plural adjective.

1

Після довгої подорожі всі почувалися втомленими та голодними.

After the long journey, everyone felt tired and hungry.

Use of 'та' (and), plural adjective.

2

Я не можу зосередитися, бо я страшенно голодний.

I can't concentrate because I'm terribly hungry.

Intensifier 'страшенно' (terribly), ability verb 'можу' (can).

3

Вона завжди стає голодною після тренування.

She always gets hungry after training.

Verb 'стає' (becomes/gets), feminine singular adjective.

4

Чи є у вас щось поїсти? Ми дуже голодні.

Do you have something to eat? We are very hungry.

Question with 'Чи є у вас' (Do you have), plural adjective.

5

Навіть після ситного обіду, він ще трохи голодний.

Even after a hearty lunch, he is still a little hungry.

Contrast with 'Навіть' (even), adjective 'ситному' (hearty), adverb 'трохи' (a little).

6

Діти були такі голодні, що з'їли все за кілька хвилин.

The children were so hungry that they ate everything in a few minutes.

Degree of hunger 'такі... що' (so... that), past tense verb 'з'їли' (ate).

7

Я відчуваю, що скоро буду голодним, якщо не поїм.

I feel that I will be hungry soon if I don't eat.

Future tense implication, conditional clause 'якщо не' (if not).

8

Її очі випромінювали голод, але вона трималася.

Her eyes radiated hunger, but she held herself back.

Figurative use of 'голод' (hunger) as a noun, contrast with 'але' (but).

1

Після кількох днів у лісі, вони повернулися додому виснаженими та надзвичайно голодними.

After several days in the forest, they returned home exhausted and extremely hungry.

Adverbs of degree 'надзвичайно' (extremely), past participle 'виснаженими' (exhausted).

2

Його жага до знань була такою сильною, що його можна було назвати 'голодним до інформації'.

His thirst for knowledge was so strong that he could be called 'hungry for information'.

Metaphorical use 'жага до знань' (thirst for knowledge), passive construction 'можна було назвати' (could be called).

3

Вона намагалася приховати свій голод, але її погляд видавав її.

She tried to hide her hunger, but her gaze betrayed her.

Verb 'приховати' (to hide), noun 'голод' (hunger), verb 'видавав' (betrayed).

4

Відчуття голоду може бути як фізичним, так і психологічним.

The feeling of hunger can be both physical and psychological.

Abstract noun 'відчуття' (feeling), conjunction 'як... так і' (both... and).

5

Навіть найрозкішніша їжа не могла вгамувати його глибокий, майже тваринний голод.

Even the most luxurious food could not satisfy his deep, almost animalistic hunger.

Superlative adjective 'найрозкішніша' (most luxurious), verb 'вгамувати' (to satisfy/quench), adjective 'тваринний' (animalistic).

6

Голодні часи навчили його цінувати кожну крихту.

Hard times taught him to appreciate every crumb.

Figurative 'голодні часи' (hungry times/hard times), verb 'навчили' (taught), noun 'крихту' (crumb).

7

Його очі блищали від голоду, коли він дивився на їжу.

His eyes shone with hunger as he looked at the food.

Idiomatic expression 'блищали від голоду' (shone with hunger), conjunction 'коли' (as/when).

8

Ми мусили витримати ще один день, перш ніж знайдемо їжу, бо були дуже голодні.

We had to endure one more day before we find food, because we were very hungry.

Modal verb 'мусили' (had to), infinitive 'витримати' (endure), temporal clause 'перш ніж' (before).

1

Його амбіції були настільки ненаситними, що його часто характеризували як людину, 'голодну до влади'.

His ambitions were so insatiable that he was often characterized as a person 'hungry for power'.

Adjective 'ненаситними' (insatiable), passive participle 'характеризували' (characterized), metaphorical use.

2

Голод, що охопив регіон, мав глибокі соціально-економічні причини, а не лише природні фактори.

The hunger that gripped the region had deep socio-economic causes, not just natural factors.

Noun 'голод' (hunger/famine), relative clause 'що охопив' (that gripped), compound adjectives 'соціально-економічні' (socio-economic).

3

Вона відчувала екзистенційний голод, прагнучи сенсу життя.

She felt an existential hunger, yearning for the meaning of life.

Adjective 'екзистенційний' (existential), verb 'прагнучи' (yearning/striving), noun 'сенсу' (meaning).

4

Історичні хроніки свідчать про періоди, коли населення було хронічно голодне через неврожай.

Historical chronicles indicate periods when the population was chronically hungry due to crop failure.

Noun 'хроніки' (chronicles), adverb 'хронічно' (chronically), noun 'неврожай' (crop failure).

5

Його погляд, сповнений невимовної туги, видавав глибокий голод за людським теплом.

His gaze, filled with unspeakable longing, revealed a deep hunger for human warmth.

Participle 'сповнений' (filled), adjective 'невимовної' (unspeakable), noun 'туги' (longing), noun 'теплом' (warmth).

6

Мистецтво часто народжується з голоду – чи то матеріального, чи то духовного.

Art is often born out of hunger – be it material or spiritual.

Abstract noun 'голоду' (hunger), contrastive phrase 'чи то... чи то' (whether... or).

7

Сучасне суспільство, незважаючи на достаток, страждає від інформаційного голоду.

Modern society, despite abundance, suffers from an information famine.

Concessive clause 'незважаючи на' (despite), adjective 'достаток' (abundance), noun 'інформаційного голоду' (information famine).

8

Він прагнув визнання, відчуваючи невпинний голод до успіху.

He craved recognition, feeling a relentless hunger for success.

Verb 'прагнув' (craved), adjective 'невпинний' (relentless), noun 'успіху' (success).

1

Історичні аналізи показують, що періоди голоду часто ставали каталізатором соціальних змін та революцій.

Historical analyses show that periods of famine often became a catalyst for social change and revolutions.

Noun 'аналізи' (analyses), noun 'каталізатором' (catalyst), noun 'змін' (changes).

2

Її творчість була просякнута невисловленим голодом за втраченим раєм дитинства.

Her creativity was imbued with an unspoken hunger for the lost paradise of childhood.

Verb 'просякнута' (imbued/soaked), adjective 'невисловленим' (unspoken), noun 'раєм' (paradise).

3

Філософи античності досліджували природу людського голоду, як фізичного, так і метафізичного.

Ancient philosophers explored the nature of human hunger, both physical and metaphysical.

Noun 'філософи' (philosophers), adjective 'античності' (of antiquity), adjective 'метафізичного' (metaphysical).

4

Голод за знаннями, що панував у середньовіччі, вилився у створення перших університетів.

The hunger for knowledge that prevailed in the Middle Ages resulted in the creation of the first universities.

Verb 'панував' (prevailed), verb 'вилився' (resulted in/poured into), noun 'середньовіччі' (Middle Ages).

5

Ненаситний голод до влади часто призводив до тиранії та руйнування імперій.

The insatiable hunger for power often led to tyranny and the destruction of empires.

Adjective 'ненаситний' (insatiable), verb 'призводив' (led to), noun 'тиранії' (tyranny), noun 'руйнування' (destruction).

6

У мистецтві сюрреалізму часто присутній мотив голоду як символу невиконаних бажань.

In surrealist art, the motif of hunger is often present as a symbol of unfulfilled desires.

Noun 'мистецтві' (art), noun 'мотив' (motif), noun 'бажань' (desires).

7

Голод душі, не менш реальний, ніж голод тіла, вимагає свого задоволення.

The hunger of the soul, no less real than the hunger of the body, demands its satisfaction.

Noun 'душі' (soul), comparative phrase 'не менш реальний, ніж' (no less real than), verb 'вимагає' (demands).

8

Економісти вивчають, як природні катаклізми та політична нестабільність посилюють голод у вразливих регіонах.

Economists study how natural cataclysms and political instability exacerbate hunger in vulnerable regions.

Noun 'катаклізми' (cataclysms), adjective 'політична' (political), verb 'посилюють' (exacerbate/strengthen), adjective 'вразливих' (vulnerable).

Colocações comuns

Дуже голодний
Стати голодним
Відчувати голод
Хронічно голодний
Голодний як вовк
Голодний пес
Голодні діти
Голодний погляд
Голодний час
Голодний до знань

Frases Comuns

Я голодний / Я голодна.

— I am hungry (male/female speaker). This is the most direct way to express your own hunger.

Після роботи я завжди кажу: 'Я голодна'.

Ти голодний / Ти голодна?

— Are you hungry? (to a male/female). Used to inquire about someone else's hunger.

Мамо, ти голодна? Може, приготувати тобі їсти?

Ми голодні.

— We are hungry. Used when a group feels hungry.

Вся родина голодна, час вечеряти.

Він / Вона голодний / голодна.

— He / She is hungry. Used to describe the state of a third person.

Бачу, що мій брат голодний, він їсть яблуко.

Дитина голодна.

— The child is hungry. Can be used for a boy or girl, depending on context or specific noun gender.

Якщо дитина плаче, можливо, вона голодна.

Я не голодний / Я не голодна.

— I am not hungry. Used to decline food or state the absence of hunger.

Дякую, але я не голодна зараз.

Чи ти голодний?

— Are you hungry? (a more formal way to ask, or when unsure of gender if context is unclear).

Доброго дня! Чи ви голодні? Може, щось запропонувати?

Голодні часи.

— Hard times, periods of scarcity or famine. This is a figurative use.

Старі люди пам'ятають голодні часи війни.

Голодний погляд.

— A look that shows intense desire or longing, often for food but can be metaphorical.

Він дивився на торт з голодним поглядом.

Голодний як вовк.

— Extremely hungry. A common idiom.

Після маршу я був голодний як вовк.

Frequentemente confundido com

голодний vs Голод

'Голод' is the noun form meaning 'hunger' or 'famine', whereas 'голодний' is the adjective meaning 'hungry'.

голодний vs Їсти

'Їсти' is the verb 'to eat', describing the action, while 'голодний' describes the state of needing to eat.

голодний vs Сповнений

'Сповнений' is the antonym, meaning 'full' after eating, whereas 'голодний' means 'hungry'.

Expressões idiomáticas

"Голодний як вовк"

— Extremely hungry. This idiom compares the intensity of hunger to that of a wolf, known for its predatory nature and large appetite.

Я не їв цілий день, тому я голодний як вовк!

Informal
"Голодний погляд"

— A look that conveys intense desire or longing, most commonly for food, but can be used metaphorically for other strong desires.

Коли він побачив тістечко, його очі набули голодного погляду.

Figurative
"Голодні часи"

— Refers to periods of hardship, scarcity, or famine, often associated with historical events like wars or economic crises.

Старше покоління пам'ятає голодні часи після війни.

Figurative/Historical
"Голодний до знань"

— Having a strong desire or craving for knowledge and learning.

Цей студент завжди голодний до знань, він читає всі доступні книги.

Figurative
"Голодний до грошей"

— Having an excessive or insatiable desire for money.

Він надто голодний до грошей, щоб бути чесним.

Figurative/Informal
"Голодний як змія"

— Similar to 'голодний як вовк', meaning extremely hungry. Less common than the wolf idiom.

Після такої важкої роботи, я голодний як змія.

Informal
"Голодний рот"

— A hungry mouth, often referring to children or dependents who need to be fed.

У нас багато голодних ротів, треба більше заробляти.

Colloquial
"Голодний шлунок"

— A hungry stomach, a direct reference to the physical sensation of hunger.

Мій голодний шлунок бурчить.

Literal/Colloquial
"Голодний погляд на життя"

— A perspective characterized by a strong desire for experience, success, or fulfillment.

Вона дивилася на життя з голодним поглядом, повним надій.

Figurative
"Голодне дитя"

— A hungry child. Often used to evoke sympathy or emphasize the need for care.

Не можна залишати голодне дитя без їжі.

Literal/Emotive

Fácil de confundir

голодний vs Голод

Both words are related to the concept of needing food and share the same root.

'Голод' is the noun referring to the state or condition of hunger (e.g., 'Голод поширюється' - Hunger is spreading). 'Голодний' is the adjective describing someone or something that is experiencing this state (e.g., 'Я голодний' - I am hungry). You can feel 'голод' (hunger), and as a result, you are 'голодний' (hungry).

Відчуття голоду (feeling of hunger) робить мене голодним (makes me hungry).

голодний vs Їсти

Both relate to food and the need for it.

'Їсти' is the verb 'to eat', the action itself. 'Голодний' is the adjective describing the state that prompts the action of eating. You are 'голодний' (hungry) because you want to 'їсти' (eat).

Я голодний, тому хочу їсти.

голодний vs Сповнений

It's the direct antonym, describing the opposite state.

'Голодний' means needing food, while 'сповнений' means having eaten enough and no longer needing food. They are mutually exclusive states.

Після обіду я вже не голодний, я сповнений.

голодний vs Зголодніти

Both relate to the concept of becoming hungry.

'Зголодніти' is a verb meaning 'to become hungry'. It describes the process or the moment hunger sets in. 'Голодний' is the adjective describing the state of being hungry.

Я зголоднів (I became hungry) і тепер я голодний (and now I am hungry).

голодний vs Бажати їсти

Both express the desire for food.

'Бажати їсти' is a phrase meaning 'to desire to eat', often implying hunger. 'Голодний' is a direct adjective stating the condition of hunger. 'Бажати їсти' is more about the wish, while 'голодний' is about the physical state.

Я голодний, тому бажаю їсти.

Padrões de frases

A1

Subject + голодний/голодна/голодне/голодні.

Я голодний.

A1

Ти + голодний/голодна?

Ти голодна?

A1

Subject + не + голодний/голодна/голодне/голодні.

Він не голодний.

A2

Subject + стає + голодним/голодною/голодним/голодними.

Вона стає голодною після роботи.

A2

Subject + був/була/було/були + голодний/голодна/голодне/голодні.

Ми були голодні.

B1

Subject + відчуває + голод.

Я відчуваю голод.

B1

Subject + (verb) + тому що + Subject + голодний/голодна/голодне/голодні.

Він спить, тому що він голодний.

B2

Subject + (verb) + настільки + голодний/голодна/голодне/голодні, що + clause.

Він був настільки голодний, що з'їв усе.

Família de palavras

Substantivos

Голод
Голодування

Verbos

Голодувати
Зголодніти

Adjetivos

Голодний
Голодна
Голодне
Голодні
Зголоднілий

Relacionado

Їсти
Харчування
Їжа
Наїстися
Сповнений
Cadastre-se grátis para ver todos os exemplos

Como usar

frequency

Very high

Erros comuns
  • Using the wrong gender ending. → Я голодний (male) / Я голодна (female).

    Forgetting to change the adjective ending based on the speaker's gender is a common error. 'Голодний' is masculine, 'голодна' is feminine. Always match the ending to the speaker or the subject being described.

  • Forgetting 'не' for negation. → Я не голодний.

    To say 'I am not hungry', the negation particle 'не' must be included before the adjective. Omitting it changes the meaning to 'I am hungry'.

  • Confusing 'голодний' with 'їсти'. → Я голодний. Я хочу їсти.

    'Голодний' describes the state of needing food. 'Їсти' is the verb 'to eat', the action. You are 'голодний' (hungry) and then you 'їсте' (eat).

  • Incorrect plural form. → Ми голодні.

    The plural form is 'голодні'. Using singular forms like 'голодний' or 'голодна' when referring to multiple people is incorrect.

  • Using 'голодний' for abstract hunger without context. → Він голодний до знань.

    While 'голодний' can be used metaphorically, at beginner levels, it's best to stick to the literal meaning of physical hunger. Using it metaphorically without proper context can lead to confusion.

Dicas

Gender Agreement is Key

Remember that Ukrainian adjectives change their endings to match the gender and number of the noun. For 'голодний', the common forms are 'голодний' (m), 'голодна' (f), and 'голодні' (plural). Always identify the gender of the person or thing you are describing before choosing the correct ending.

Context is King

While 'голодний' literally means 'hungry', pay attention to how it's used. It can describe people, animals, or even abstract concepts like 'hunger for knowledge'. Understanding the context helps you use it more accurately.

Master the 'Г'

The Ukrainian 'г' in 'голодний' is a soft, aspirated 'h' sound, similar to the 'h' in 'hello', not the hard 'g' in 'go'. Practice saying 'голодний' with this softer sound to sound more natural.

Sentence Building

Practice creating simple sentences using 'голодний' with different subjects and genders. Try saying: 'Я голодний/голодна', 'Він голодний', 'Вона голодна', 'Ми голодні'. This repetition will solidify the forms.

Common Phrases First

Start by mastering common phrases like 'Я голодний/голодна' and 'Ти голодний/голодна?'. These are the most frequent uses and will help you communicate basic needs effectively.

Know the Opposite

Learning the antonym 'сповнений' (full) alongside 'голодний' (hungry) helps reinforce the meaning of both words and provides a fuller understanding of the concept of eating and satiety.

Visual & Auditory Links

Create a mental image or a sound association for 'голодний'. For example, imagine a 'golden' apple you're desperate for, linking 'голодний' to 'gold'. Or, imagine your stomach making a 'голод' sound.

Hospitality Context

In Ukraine, offering food is a sign of hospitality. Knowing how to say 'голодний' is essential for interacting in social settings and understanding offers of food.

Beyond Literal Hunger

As you progress, explore metaphorical uses like 'голодний до знань' (hungry for knowledge). This shows a deeper understanding of the word's flexibility, but focus on the literal meaning first.

Test Yourself

Regularly test yourself by trying to recall the correct form of 'голодний' for different subjects. Cover the Ukrainian and try to recall it, or vice versa. This active recall strengthens memory.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Imagine a 'golden' apple that you are extremely hungry for. So hungry, you'd do anything to get that 'голодний' (golden) apple. The 'голодний' sound is like 'gold-odd-knee', and you're so hungry you'd bend your knee for that golden apple.

Associação visual

Picture a very large, empty plate with a single, tiny crumb on it. The emptiness of the plate represents 'голодний' (hunger). Or, imagine a character from a cartoon looking extremely thin and weak, holding their rumbling stomach, with a thought bubble showing a delicious meal.

Word Web

{"topic":"Hunger","related":["Food","Eating","Stomach","Desire"]} {"topic":"Feeling","related":["Physical Sensation","Need","Discomfort","Craving"]} {"topic":"Basic Needs","related":["Thirst","Sleep","Shelter","Safety"]} {"topic":"Adjective","related":["Descriptive","Grammar","Gender","Number"]} {"topic":"Ukrainian","related":["Language","Culture","Communication","Vocabulary"]}

Desafio

Try to describe your hunger using different Ukrainian adjectives or phrases. For example, after a long day, you might say 'Я дуже голодний'. If you've just eaten, you'd say 'Я не голодний' or 'Я сповнений'.

Origem da palavra

The Ukrainian word "голодний" (holódnyi) originates from the Proto-Slavic root *gъldъ, which also gave rise to similar words in other Slavic languages, such as Russian 'голодный' (golódnyy), Polish 'głodny', and Czech 'hladový'.

Significado original: The original meaning was consistently 'hungry' or related to the state of lacking food.

Indo-European -> Balto-Slavic -> Slavic -> East Slavic -> Ukrainian

Contexto cultural

When discussing hunger, especially in contexts of famine or poverty, sensitivity is crucial. While 'голодний' is a common word, using it to describe widespread suffering requires empathy and respect for the gravity of the situation.

In English-speaking cultures, 'hungry' is also a fundamental word for expressing the need for food. Similar to Ukrainian, it's used in everyday conversations, questions about meals, and descriptions of people or animals. The phrase 'hungry like a wolf' is also a common idiom.

The phrase 'голодні часи' (hard times/famine) is often referenced in historical discussions about Ukraine's past. The idiom 'голодний як вовк' (hungry as a wolf) is widely recognized and used. Children's stories and folklore frequently feature characters who are hungry and seeking food.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Ordering food at a restaurant

  • Я голодний.
  • Ми голодні.
  • Чи ви голодні?
  • Я хочу їсти.
  • Чи є щось?

Talking about family meals

  • Дитина голодна.
  • Моя сестра голодна.
  • Тато голодний?
  • Час вечеряти, бо всі голодні.
  • Вона не голодна.

Describing physical states

  • Я почуваюся голодним.
  • Він завжди голодний після роботи.
  • Ми були голодні після довгої подорожі.
  • Пес голодний.
  • Пташки голодні.

Asking about someone's well-being

  • Як справи? Ти голодний?
  • Чи все добре? Ти не голодна?
  • Може, тобі щось купити? Ти голодний?
  • Всі голодні?
  • Не хвилюйся, ми не голодні.

Expressing strong desire (metaphorical)

  • Голодний до знань.
  • Голодний до успіху.
  • Голодний погляд.
  • Голодні часи.
  • Ненаситний голод.

Iniciadores de conversa

"Яка ваша улюблена страва, коли ви дуже голодні?"

"Чи часто ви відчуваєте голод зранку?"

"Як ви зазвичай справляєтеся з голодом під час довгої поїздки?"

"Чи є у вас якісь особливі страви, які ви готуєте, коли всі вдома голодні?"

"Який найдивніший випадок, коли ви були дуже голодні?"

Temas para diário

Опишіть момент, коли ви були надзвичайно голодні, і як ви себе почували.

Напишіть діалог між двома людьми, один з яких голодний, а інший ні.

Використайте слово 'голодний' у метафоричному значенні, описуючи свою жагу до чогось.

Порівняйте відчуття голоду з іншими фізичними потребами, такими як спрага чи втома.

Напишіть коротку історію про тварину, яка дуже голодна.

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

The direct English translation of 'голодний' is 'hungry'. It describes the physical sensation of needing food.

If you are male, you say 'Я голодний' (Ya holódnyi). If you are female, you say 'Я голодна' (Ya holódna).

'Голодний' changes its ending to agree with the noun it describes. The main forms are: 'голодний' (masculine singular), 'голодна' (feminine singular), 'голодне' (neuter singular), and 'голодні' (plural).

You use the negation particle 'не' (ne) before the adjective. So, if you are male, you say 'Я не голодний' (Ya ne holódnyi). If you are female, 'Я не голодна' (Ya ne holódna).

Yes, 'голодний' can be used metaphorically to express a strong desire or craving for something non-food related, such as 'голодний до знань' (hungry for knowledge) or 'голодний до успіху' (hungry for success). However, at beginner levels, focus on the literal meaning.

The most common opposite is 'сповнений' (spovnenyi), meaning 'full' (after eating). Another related word is 'ситий' (sytyi), also meaning 'full' or 'satiated'.

You can ask 'Ти голодний?' (Ty holódnyi? - to a male) or 'Ти голодна?' (Ty holódna? - to a female). For a group or formal address, you'd ask 'Ви голодні?' (Vy holódni?).

'Голодний' is an adjective describing the state of being hungry. 'Хочеться їсти' (khochetsia yisty) is an impersonal phrase meaning 'I feel like eating' or 'one wants to eat', which implies hunger but focuses more on the desire or feeling.

The pronunciation is relatively straightforward. The stress is on the second syllable (го-ЛО́Д-ний). The initial 'г' is a soft 'h' sound, not a hard 'g'. Paying attention to the vowel sounds, especially the unstressed 'o', is key.

'Голодний' describes the state of needing food. 'Їсти' is the verb 'to eat', the action itself. You are 'голодний' (hungry) and then you 'їсте' (eat).

Cadastre-se grátis para ver dicas e notas

Teste-se 10 perguntas

/ 10 correct

Perfect score!

Cadastre-se grátis para praticar

Conteúdo relacionado

Foi útil?

Comentários (0)

Faça Login para Comentar
Nenhum comentário ainda. Seja o primeiro a compartilhar suas ideias!