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B1 adjective #1,500 mais comum 6 min de leitura

明确

mingque Top 1,500

Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas 明确 em 30 segundos

Explicação 明确 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use '明确' (míngquè) yet. It's a bit too formal. Instead, you use '清楚' (qīngchu) or '明白' (míngbai). For example, if you understand a teacher, you say '我明白了' (I understand). '明确' is like a super-strong version of 'clear'. Imagine a traffic light: Green means go. That is a '明确' signal. It's not just 'clear' to see; it's 'definite' in what it tells you to do. In very simple terms, '明确' means 'no maybe'. It means 'yes' or 'no' very clearly. You might see it in simple signs or very basic instructions, but for now, just remember it means 'very, very clear and certain'.

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At the A2 level, you start to see '明确' in simple reading materials, especially those about rules or plans. While you still use '清楚' for most things, '明确' starts to appear when someone is being firm. For instance, if a mother tells her child 'You must finish your homework before 8 PM,' that is a '明确' (definite) time. It's not a suggestion; it's a clear rule. You can think of '明确' as 'Clear + Fixed'. In A2, you might encounter it in phrases like '明确的目标' (clear goal). If you are learning Chinese to pass an exam, that is a '明确' goal. It helps you focus. You don't need to use it in every sentence, but recognizing it in a text about schedules or simple tasks is a great step forward.

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At the B1 level, '明确' becomes a very useful word for your vocabulary. This is the level where you start expressing opinions and discussing plans in more detail. You should use '明确' when you want to sound more professional or decisive. Instead of just saying 'I understand the plan' (我清楚这个计划), you can say 'The plan is very clear and definite' (这个计划很明确). This shows you have a higher level of Chinese. You will also start using it as a verb. For example, '我们需要明确责任' (We need to clarify responsibilities). This is very common in group projects or workplace settings. At B1, you should be able to distinguish between '明确' (explicit/definite) and '准确' (accurate).

At the B2 level, you are expected to use '明确' fluently in formal writing and debates. You should understand its nuances in different contexts, such as '明确表示' (to state explicitly) or '明确规定' (to stipulate clearly in a law or contract). You will notice that '明确' is often used to remove ambiguity in complex situations. In B2 level essays, you might write about how a government needs to have '明确的政策' (clear policies) to solve environmental issues. You should also be comfortable using it as an adverbial modifier with '地', as in '他明确地指出了问题所在' (He explicitly pointed out where the problem lies). At this stage, '明确' is a tool for precision in your argumentation.

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At the C1 level, '明确' is a standard part of your professional and academic lexicon. You understand its role in establishing authority and legal certainty. You can use it to analyze complex texts, noting where a writer's position is '明确' and where it is '含糊' (vague). You will encounter '明确' in sophisticated collocations like '明确其法律地位' (clarify its legal status) or '明确其核心价值观' (define its core values). At this level, you also recognize the stylistic choice of using '明确' to create a tone of certainty and power. You can use it to synthesize information, for example, by saying '综上所述，该研究的结论是非常明确的' (In summary, the conclusion of this study is very clear and definite).

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At the C2 level, your mastery of '明确' is native-like. You understand the subtle rhetorical weight it carries in political discourse, legal philosophy, and high-level negotiations. You can use it to navigate the most complex linguistic environments, such as interpreting the '明确性原则' (Principle of Clarity) in legal theory. You are aware of how '明确' interacts with other high-level synonyms to create precise shades of meaning. For instance, you might choose '明确' over '确切' to emphasize the intent of a statement rather than just its factual precision. Your usage of '明确' is not just about being understood, but about exercising total control over the clarity and impact of your communication in any professional or literary context.

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Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas

明确 em 30 segundos

明确 means 'clear and definite'. It is used for goals, rules, and stances.
It acts as both an adjective (clear) and a verb (to clarify).
It is more formal and authoritative than the common word '清楚'.
Commonly used in business, law, and academic writing to remove ambiguity.

The Chinese word 明确 (míngquè) is a cornerstone of professional and academic communication, functioning as both an adjective and a verb. At its core, it signifies a state of being unambiguous, definite, and crystal clear. When something is 明确, there is no room for interpretation, doubt, or confusion. It is the opposite of being vague or 'gray'.

Etymological Breakdown: The first character, 明 (míng), combines the sun (日) and the moon (月), symbolizing brightness and total visibility. The second character, 确 (què), contains the radical for stone (石), suggesting something solid, firm, and unshakeable. Together, they describe a concept that is both 'brightly visible' and 'solidly grounded'.
Conceptual Scope: In a cognitive sense, 明确 refers to the elimination of cognitive load. When a goal is 明确, the path forward is visible. In a linguistic sense, it refers to the precision of language—avoiding 'weasel words' in favor of direct assertions.

我们需要一个明确的答复。(Wǒmen xūyào yīgè míngquè de dáfù.) — We need a definite answer.

Example of 明确 as an adjective modifying a noun.

会议明确了下一阶段的任务。(Huìyì míngquè le xià yī jiēduàn de rènwù.) — The meeting clarified/defined the tasks for the next stage.

The 'Definite' Aspect: When used to describe attitudes or positions, 明确 implies a lack of hesitation. A '明确的态度' (míngquè de tàidù) is a stance that is either fully for or fully against something, without middle ground.

他的态度非常明确。(Tā de tàidù fēicháng míngquè.) — His attitude is very clear-cut.

In summary, 明确 is the tool of the decisive leader and the rigorous scientist. It strips away the fog of 'maybe' and replaces it with the certainty of 'this is it'. Whether you are defining a legal contract, a software requirement, or a personal boundary, 明确 is the word you need to ensure everyone is on the same page.

Mastering 明确 (míngquè) requires understanding its dual role as a descriptor and an action. It is highly versatile but demands a certain level of formality.

1. As an Adjective (Clear/Definite): It most commonly modifies nouns related to abstract concepts like goals, positions, instructions, or dates. Structure: [Noun] + 很/非常 + 明确 or 明确的 + [Noun].

我们要有明确的目标。(Wǒmen yào yǒu míngquè de mùbiāo.) — We must have clear goals.

2. As a Verb (To Clarify/Define): In professional settings, it acts as a transitive verb meaning 'to make something clear' or 'to specify'. It is often followed by a direct object like 'responsibility' (责任) or 'direction' (方向).

请明确你的要求。(Qǐng míngquè nǐ de yāoqiú.) — Please clarify/specify your requirements.

3. Adverbial Usage: It can modify verbs to show that an action was done explicitly. Structure: 明确地 + [Verb].

他明确地表示反对。(Tā míngquè de biǎoshì fǎnduì.) — He explicitly expressed his opposition.

In business writing, 明确 is preferred over 清楚 because it sounds more professional and authoritative. Using it shows that you are focused on results and accountability.

明确 (míngquè) is ubiquitous in formal Chinese society. You will encounter it in environments where precision and hierarchy are valued.

1. Corporate & Business Meetings: In the boardroom, managers use 明确 to assign tasks. You'll hear phrases like '明确分工' (míngquè fēngōng - clear division of labor) to ensure everyone knows their role.

我们需要明确每个人的职责。(Wǒmen xūyào míngquè měi gèrén de zhízé.) — We need to define everyone's responsibilities.

2. Legal and Official Documents: Contracts and laws are filled with 明确. It is used to state that 'The law clearly stipulates...' (法律明确规定...). This leaves no room for legal loopholes.

合同中明确规定了违约金。(Hétóng zhōng míngquè guīdìng le wéiyuējīn.) — The contract explicitly stipulates the liquidated damages.

3. Academic and Scientific Research: In research papers, authors must '明确研究目标' (clarify research objectives). A study without a 明确 direction is considered poor scholarship.

本文旨在明确该现象的成因。(Běnwén zhǐ zài míngquè gāi xiànxiàng de chéngyīn.) — This paper aims to clarify the causes of this phenomenon.

Whether it's a teacher giving a 明确的作业 (clear homework assignment) or a doctor giving 明确的建议 (definite advice), this word is the signal that the information being shared is vital and non-negotiable.

Even advanced learners sometimes stumble with 明确 (míngquè). Here are the most frequent pitfalls and how to avoid them.

1. Overusing it for Physical Clarity: You cannot use 明确 to describe a clear sky or a clear photo. For physical visibility, use 清楚 (qīngchu) or 清晰 (qīngxī).

❌ 照片很明确。(The photo is definite? - Incorrect)
✅ 照片很清楚。(The photo is clear.)

2. Confusing with 准确 (zhǔnquè): 明确 is about being 'definite/explicit', while 准确 is about being 'accurate/correct'. A clock can be 准确 (accurate), but a policy is 明确 (explicit).

3. Using it as a Noun: Unlike 'clarity' in English, 明确 is not a noun. You cannot say 'I need 明确'. You must say 'I need a 明确的 explanation' or 'I need to 明确 the situation'.

❌ 我需要明确。(I need explicit? - Incorrect)
✅ 我需要一个明确的答复。(I need a definite answer.)

Finally, remember that 明确 is quite formal. In casual conversation with friends, using 清楚 or 明白 (míngbai) is much more natural. Save 明确 for when you want to sound serious, professional, or firm.

Chinese has many words for 'clear'. Understanding the nuances between them is key to reaching C1/C2 proficiency.

明确 vs. 清楚 (qīngchu): 清楚 is the most general word. It covers visual clarity, auditory clarity, and mental understanding. 明确 is more specific; it implies a lack of ambiguity and often carries a sense of 'official' or 'decided'.
明确 vs. 确切 (quèqiè): 确切 means 'exact' or 'precise'. Use it for numbers, dates, or definitions that must be 100% correct. 明确 is about the expression being clear and firm.

他给了我一个确切的时间。(He gave me an exact time.)
他给了我一个明确的答复。(He gave me a definite answer.)

明确 vs. 显著 (xiǎnzhù): 显著 means 'notable' or 'striking'. It's used when something is clear because it stands out (like a 'clear improvement'). 明确 is clear because it has been defined well.

Choosing the right word depends on what kind of 'clarity' you are trying to convey. If you want to sound like a professional, lean towards 明确 when discussing plans and expectations.

How Formal Is It?

Nível de dificuldade

Gramática essencial

Adjectives as predicates (很明确)

The use of '的' to modify nouns

The use of '地' to modify verbs

Resultative complements (明确了)

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Exemplos por nível

他的话很明确。

His words are very clear/definite.

Simple Subject + Adjective structure.

目标要明确。

The goal must be clear.

Noun + Adjective.

这是一个明确的信号。

This is a clear signal.

明确 as an adjective modifying a noun.

他不明确。

He is not clear (about his stance).

Negative form using 不.

时间很明确。

The time is very definite.

Describing a noun with an adjective.

我们要明确。

We need to be clear.

Using 明确 as a predicate.

这个颜色很明确。

This color is very distinct/clear.

Describing a physical attribute (less common but possible).

你的意思明确吗？

Is your meaning clear?

Question form using 吗.

老师给出了明确的指示。

The teacher gave clear instructions.

Adjective modifying 'instructions'.

会议的时间已经明确了。

The time of the meeting has been clarified/set.

明确 used as a verb with 了.

我没有明确的计划。

I don't have a definite plan.

Negative possession with 明确.

请给我一个明确的回答。

Please give me a definite answer.

Imperative sentence.

这个规定非常明确。

This rule is very clear.

Adverb '非常' modifying the adjective.

我们要明确分工。

We need to clarify the division of labor.

明确 as a verb.

他的态度不明确。

His attitude is not clear.

Describing a person's stance.

你需要明确你的目标。

You need to clarify your goals.

Verb + Object.

合同明确规定了双方的权利。

The contract explicitly stipulates the rights of both parties.

Adverbial usage of 明确 (or verb + object).

他明确表示不会参加会议。

He explicitly stated that he would not attend the meeting.

明确 modifying the verb '表示'.

我们必须明确下一步该做什么。

We must clarify what to do next.

明确 followed by a clause.

这篇文章的观点很明确。

The viewpoint of this article is very clear.

Describing an abstract concept.

政府明确了新的税收政策。

The government clarified the new tax policy.

Verb '明确' with an object.

请明确说明你的理由。

Please explicitly explain your reasons.

明确 as an adverb.

双方达成了明确的协议。

The two sides reached a definite agreement.

Adjective modifying 'agreement'.

他在信中明确提到了这件事。

He explicitly mentioned this matter in the letter.

Adverbial usage.

我们需要进一步明确市场定位。

We need to further clarify our market positioning.

Using '进一步' (further) with '明确'.

法律对这种行为有明确的处罚规定。

The law has clear penal provisions for such behavior.

Complex noun phrase modified by 明确.

他明确拒绝了对方的要求。

He explicitly rejected the other party's request.

Adverbial usage showing firm action.

报告明确指出了当前存在的问题。

The report explicitly pointed out the existing problems.

Formal reporting language.

我们要明确核心价值观。

We need to define our core values.

Verb + Abstract Object.

这种药的副作用尚不明确。

The side effects of this medicine are not yet clear.

Formal way to say 'unknown' or 'unclear'.

他以明确的态度支持这项改革。

He supports this reform with a clear-cut attitude.

Prepositional phrase '以...的态度'.

请在申请表中明确填写个人信息。

Please fill in your personal information clearly/explicitly in the application form.

Adverbial usage in instructions.

该政策的导向非常明确，即鼓励科技创新。

The orientation of the policy is very clear, namely to encourage technological innovation.

Using '即' to explain the '明确' content.

作者在文中明确区分了这两个概念。

The author explicitly distinguished between these two concepts in the text.

Verb phrase '明确区分'.

我们要明确各级政府的权责边界。

We need to clarify the boundaries of power and responsibility for governments at all levels.

Highly formal administrative language.

他的讲话明确释放了开放合作的信号。

His speech explicitly released a signal of openness and cooperation.

Metaphorical usage of 'signal'.

这一发现明确证实了之前的猜想。

This discovery explicitly confirmed the previous hypothesis.

Adverbial usage in scientific context.

宪法明确规定了公民的基本权利。

The Constitution explicitly stipulates the basic rights of citizens.

Legal terminology.

我们必须明确其在国际法中的地位。

We must clarify its status in international law.

Verb + Complex Object.

他在处理复杂问题时表现出明确的果断性。

He showed clear decisiveness when dealing with complex issues.

Describing a character trait.

该判决书明确了侵权责任的归责原则。

The judgment clarified the principle of liability for infringement.

High-level legal jargon.

我们要明确新时代背景下教育的使命。

We must define the mission of education in the context of the new era.

Abstract philosophical usage.

他的文章以逻辑严密、观点明确著称。

His articles are known for their tight logic and clear viewpoints.

Descriptive phrase '以...著称'.

该协议明确了双方在知识产权方面的利益分配。

The agreement clarified the distribution of interests between the two parties regarding intellectual property.

Business/Legal context.

我们要明确改革的路线图和时间表。

We need to define the roadmap and timetable for the reform.

Metaphorical administrative language.

他在辩论中明确指出了对方逻辑上的漏洞。

He explicitly pointed out the logical loopholes in the opponent's argument during the debate.

Precision in argumentation.

该项研究明确排除了遗传因素的影响。

The study explicitly ruled out the influence of genetic factors.

Scientific exclusion.

我们要明确构建人类命运共同体的目标。

We must clarify the goal of building a community with a shared future for mankind.

Political/Diplomatic terminology.

Sinônimos

清晰肯定明了确定具体

Antônimos

模糊含糊不确定

Colocações comuns

明确目标 Clear goal

明确责任 Clear responsibility

明确指示 Clear instructions

明确规定 Explicitly stipulate

明确表示 Explicitly state

明确方向 Clear direction

明确答复 Definite answer

态度明确 Clear attitude

立场明确 Clear stance

分工明确 Clear division of labor

Frases Comuns

目标明确

— The goal is clear.

分工明确

— Division of labor is clear.

明确地说

— To put it clearly/explicitly.

尚不明确

— Not yet clear.

非常明确

— Very clear.

明确指出

— Explicitly point out.

明确界定

— Clearly define.

明确要求

— Explicitly require.

明确承诺

— Clear commitment.

明确告知

— Clearly inform.

Frequentemente confundido com

明确 vs 清楚

明确 vs 准确

明确 vs 确切

Expressões idiomáticas

"旗帜鲜明"

"一目了然"

"黑白分明"

"清清楚楚"

"斩钉截铁"

"泾渭分明"

"开门见山"

"言简意赅"

"直截了当"

"了如指掌"

Fácil de confundir

明确 vs

Padrões de frases

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Como usar

verb usage

As a verb, it often takes abstract nouns like 责任, 目标, 方向.

adjective usage

As an adjective, it often describes attitudes, positions, or instructions.

Erros comuns

Using 明确 for physical clarity (e.g., clear water).
Confusing 明确 with 准确 (accuracy).
Using it as a noun (e.g., 'I need 明确').
Using it in very casual settings where '清楚' is better.
Forgetting to use '地' when it's an adverb.

Dicas

Business Writing

Always use 明确 when defining project scopes or deadlines in emails.

Verb + Object

Common objects for the verb 明确 include 责任, 目标, and 任务.

Sounding Firm

If you want to end a debate, say '我的立场非常明确' (My stance is very clear).

Antonym

The best antonym to remember is 模糊 (móhu - vague).

Official Tone

Notice how often 明确 appears in Chinese news to signal authority.

CEFR Level

Mastering this word is a key indicator of reaching the B1/B2 level.

Thesis Statements

Start academic papers with '本研究旨在明确...' to sound professional.

Key Word

In a long speech, the word 明确 usually precedes the most important point.

Visual

Imagine a bright light (明) hitting a solid rock (确).

Explicit vs. Clear

If you can say 'explicit' in English, use 明确 in Chinese.

Memorize

Origem da palavra

Contexto cultural

The '明确性原则' (Principle of Clarity) is a fundamental concept in Chinese law.

Using '明确' in a meeting shows you are a person of action and clarity.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Iniciadores de conversa

"你对未来的职业规划明确吗？ (Is your future career plan clear?)"

"我们需要明确一下这次旅行的预算。 (We need to clarify the budget for this trip.)"

"老师对作业的要求明确吗？ (Are the teacher's requirements for the homework clear?)"

"你能不能明确地告诉我你的想法？ (Can you tell me your thoughts explicitly?)"

"在这个问题上，你的立场明确吗？ (Is your stance on this issue clear?)"

Temas para diário

写一写你生活中最明确的一个目标。 (Write about one of the clearest goals in your life.)

描述一次因为沟通不明确而产生的误会。 (Describe a misunderstanding caused by unclear communication.)

你认为一个好的领导者应该如何明确团队的任务？ (How do you think a good leader should clarify team tasks?)

明确的规则对社会有什么重要性？ (What is the importance of clear rules to society?)

今天你明确了什么样的新知识？ (What new knowledge did you clarify today?)

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

No, 明确 is for abstract concepts like goals or rules. For a clear sky, use '晴朗' (qínglǎng) or '清澈' (qīngchè) for water.

It is both! You can say '目标很明确' (adjective) or '明确目标' (verb).

清楚 is general and common. 明确 is formal, authoritative, and implies a decision or definition has been made.

It's rare. Usually, we say '鲜明的颜色' (bright/vivid colors). 明确 is better for ideas.

You can use '明确地' (míngquè de) before a verb, like '明确地表示'.

Yes, but mostly in work, school, or serious discussions. With friends, '清楚' is more natural.

It's a formal way to say 'not yet clear' or 'still unknown', often used in medical or news reports.

Only to describe their attitude or stance (他的态度很明确), not their physical appearance.

Yes, 'definite' is one of the best translations for 明确 in English.

You can add '了' after it: '任务已经明确了' (The tasks have been clarified).

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