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A1 noun #1,500 最常用 10分钟阅读

أُخْت

ukht 前1,500

开始练习例句笔记与提示 أُخْت 30秒了解

解析 أُخْت in your Level:

At the A1 level, you learn 'Ukht' as a basic family member. You should be able to say how many sisters you have and use simple possessive pronouns like 'my sister' (ukhti) or 'your sister' (ukhtuka). You will practice introducing your sister to others. For example: 'This is my sister, her name is Maryam' (Hadhihi ukhti, ismuha Maryam). The focus is on the biological sister and basic identification. You will also learn the plural 'Akhawat' simply as a list item. Exercises at this level involve matching pictures of family members to their Arabic names and completing simple sentences like 'I have one sister' (Li ukht wahida). It is essential to master the spelling early on, specifically the final 't'.

At the A2 level, you begin to describe your sister using adjectives. You might say 'My sister is tall' (Ukhti tawila) or 'My sister is a doctor' (Ukhti tabiba). You will also learn to use the word in the context of daily routines, such as 'I go to the market with my sister.' You should become comfortable with the dual form 'Ukhtan' (two sisters). You will also start to see 'Ukht' used in polite addresses in public, like 'Ya Ukht.' Grammar focus shifts to agreement between the noun 'Ukht' and its adjectives or verbs. You will learn to form simple questions like 'Where is your sister?' (Ayna ukhtuka?).

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At the B1 level, you use 'Ukht' to talk about relationships and social dynamics. You can describe your relationship with your sister in more detail, sharing stories or childhood memories. You will encounter the word in more varied texts, including short stories and news articles about families. You'll learn the difference between 'Ukht' and 'Shaqiqa' (full sister). You will also start to use the word metaphorically in grammar, learning about 'Kāna and its sisters.' Your ability to use 'Ukht' in the 'Idafa' construction (e.g., 'the sister of my friend') should be solid. You will also practice using the word in negative and complex sentences.

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At the B2 level, 'Ukht' is used in discussions about social roles and cultural expectations. You might debate the role of the sister in the Arab family or discuss the concept of 'sisterhood' in a feminist or religious context. You will understand more nuanced idioms and proverbs involving the word. Your vocabulary will expand to include more formal synonyms and related terms. You should be able to follow a lecture or a movie where 'Ukht' is used both literally and figuratively. You will also learn to use the word in more complex grammatical structures, such as passive voice or with various particles.

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At the C1 level, you explore 'Ukht' in classical literature, poetry, and advanced legal or religious texts. You will see how the word has been used by poets to symbolize loyalty, beauty, or even sorrow. You will understand the subtle differences in meaning when the word is used in different historical periods. You'll be able to use the word in academic writing, perhaps in a sociological analysis of family structures. You will also master the most complex idiomatic expressions and be able to use them naturally in conversation. Your understanding of the word's etymology and its Semitic roots will be deeper.

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At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of 'Ukht' in all its forms and contexts. You can appreciate the most intricate wordplay in high literature involving 'Ukht.' You understand the deep philosophical implications of 'sisterhood' in Arabic thought. You can translate complex texts involving the word, capturing all the cultural and emotional nuances. You are aware of how the word's usage varies across every major Arabic dialect and can adapt your own usage accordingly. You can even discuss the linguistic evolution of the word from Proto-Semitic to modern dialects with ease.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

أُخْت 30秒了解

Ukht (أخت) is the Arabic word for sister, used for biological siblings and as a respectful social address for women.
The plural form is irregular: Akhawat (أخوات), and the dual form is Ukhtan (أختان). It is a feminine noun.
It is one of the few feminine nouns ending in Taa Maftuha (ت) rather than Taa Marbuta (ة).
It has wide metaphorical use in Arabic grammar (e.g., 'Kana and its sisters') and religious contexts (sisterhood in faith).

The word أُخْت (Ukht) is a fundamental noun in the Arabic language, primarily signifying a female sibling. However, its resonance in Arabic culture and linguistics extends far beyond a simple biological relationship. In its most literal sense, it refers to a girl or woman who shares one or both parents with another person. Yet, when you step into the streets of Cairo, the markets of Amman, or the social circles of Dubai, you will hear this word used as a powerful tool for social cohesion. It is a term of endearment, respect, and communal belonging.

Biological Connection: The primary use of the word to denote a sister by blood. In Arabic family law and inheritance, the distinction between a full sister (أخت شقيقة) and a half-sister (أخت لأب or أخت لأم) is linguistically and legally significant.

هذه أُخْتِي الكبرى التي تسكن في القاهرة.

Beyond the family, أُخْت is used to address female peers in a way that establishes a respectful boundary while maintaining warmth. In religious contexts, particularly within Islam, all believing women are considered sisters to one another, fostering a sense of global sisterhood (أخوة نسائية). This usage transcends national and ethnic boundaries, creating an immediate bond between strangers. In literature, the word can also denote 'counterpart' or 'something similar.' For example, in grammar, we speak of 'Kāna and its sisters' (كان وأخواتها), referring to a group of verbs that function similarly. This metaphorical expansion shows that the concept of 'sister' in Arabic implies a shared essence or function.

Communal Address: Used among friends or within a community to signify trust and shared values. It removes the coldness of formal titles like 'Ma'am' and replaces it with familial warmth.

يا أُخْت، هل يمكنك مساعدتي في العثور على الطريق؟

Historically, the word has roots in Semitic languages, maintaining a consistent phonological structure over millennia. This consistency highlights the importance of the female sibling role in the historical social structure of the Middle East. Whether discussing a younger sister (أخت صغرى) or an older one (أخت كبرى), the word carries an weight of responsibility and affection. In many households, the 'Ukht' is seen as a secondary maternal figure, especially the eldest, who often assists in raising younger siblings.

الأخت هي الأم الثانية في البيت العربي.

Metaphorical Usage: In linguistics and logic, 'sisters' refers to items that belong to the same category or follow the same rules, emphasizing their shared characteristics.

ندرس اليوم إنَّ وأخواتها في درس النحو.

Understanding 'Ukht' is a gateway to understanding the Arab family unit, which is the cornerstone of society. It is a word of protection, loyalty, and deep-seated identity. Whether in a poem praising a sister's kindness or a legal document defining kinship, 'Ukht' remains one of the most vital words in the Arabic lexicon.

Using the word أُخْت correctly requires an understanding of Arabic possessive suffixes and grammatical gender. Since it is a feminine noun, any adjectives describing it must also be feminine. For example, to say 'a kind sister,' you would say 'أخت طيبة' (Ukht tayyiba). The word is most frequently used with possessive pronouns.

Possessive Forms: My sister: أختي (Ukhti). Your sister (masculine): أختك (Ukhtuka). Your sister (feminine): أختك (Ukhtuki). His sister: أخته (Ukhtuhu). Her sister: أختها (Ukhtuha).

أحب أُخْتِي كثيراً لأنها تساعدني دائماً.

When constructing sentences, pay close attention to the dual and plural forms. The dual form (two sisters) is 'أختان' (Ukhtan) in the nominative case and 'أختين' (Ukhtayn) in the accusative and genitive cases. The plural form is 'أخوات' (Akhawat).

لي أختان تعملان في المستشفى.

In sentence structure, 'Ukht' often functions as a subject (Mubtada) or an object (Maf'ul Bihi). Because it is a definite relationship, it often appears in an 'Idafa' construction (the possessive construct). For example, 'Ukht al-mudir' (the manager's sister). Another common usage is in the phrase 'sister of' to describe similarity in quality. In classical Arabic literature, a poet might describe a beautiful night as 'Ukht al-fajr' (sister of the dawn), suggesting they share the same beauty.

Plural Agreement: When using the plural 'Akhawat,' ensure the verb agrees. 'My sisters traveled' is 'سافرت أخواتي' (Sāfarat akhawātī).

هل أخواتك في المدرسة الآن؟

In negative sentences, you might say 'ليس لي أخت' (I do not have a sister). Note that 'sister' remains in the singular unless you specifically mean multiple sisters. In complex sentences involving relative pronouns, use 'allati' (التي). For example: 'This is my sister who lives in London' (هذه أختي التي تسكن في لندن).

جاءت أخت المعلم لزيارتنا.

Finally, in the vocative case, when calling out to a sister, you use 'Ya' (يا). 'Ya Ukhti' is not just for biological sisters but for any woman you wish to address with respect and kinship. This versatility makes it one of the most frequently used nouns in daily conversation.

Vocative Use: Addressing a woman politely. 'Ya Ukht' is slightly more formal than 'Ya Ukhti,' which implies a closer personal or communal bond.

يا أخت، من فضلك أريد كوباً من الماء.

You will encounter the word أُخْت in virtually every corner of Arabic-speaking life. In the domestic sphere, it is the standard term for a sibling. Children call their sisters 'Ukhti' or use nicknames based on the word. In more traditional households, the word carries a sense of duty; a brother is often expected to be the protector of his 'Ukht.'

In the Household: Used daily to refer to family members. It is also common to hear 'Ya Ukhti' used between mothers and daughters as a sign of growing friendship as the daughter matures.

سلمت على أختي قبل أن أخرج من البيت.

In a religious setting, such as a mosque or a religious lecture, the speaker will frequently address the audience as 'Ikhwan wa Akhawat' (Brothers and Sisters). This emphasizes the egalitarian nature of the faith community. Even in secular political speeches, leaders might use 'Akhawat' to address the female citizens of the nation, invoking a sense of national family. In the workplace, while professional titles are common, 'Ukht' is sometimes used among colleagues who have developed a long-term, familial-like bond. It signals that the relationship has moved beyond mere professional courtesy into genuine mutual care.

Public Spaces: In markets or on public transport, a man might address a woman as 'Ya Ukht' to show he has honorable intentions and is treating her with the respect he would show his own sister.

تفضل يا أُخْت، هذا المقعد لكِ.

On social media, you will see the word in comments and posts. Friends tag each other as 'Ukhti' to celebrate their bond. In news reports, the word appears in stories about families or social issues. For example, 'The sister of the victim' (أخت الضحية) is a common phrase in journalistic reporting. Finally, in education, students learn about 'Kāna and its sisters' (كان وأخواتها) and 'Inna and its sisters' (إن وأخواتها). This grammatical terminology is so pervasive that any student of Arabic will hear 'Akhawat' in every grammar lesson. It reinforces the idea that in the Arabic mind, things that behave similarly are family.

Literary and Academic: Used to group related concepts. Hearing 'Akhawat' in a lecture usually means a list of related items is about to follow.

من أخوات كان: أصبح، وأضحى، وظل.

For English speakers learning Arabic, the word أُخْت presents several challenges, primarily related to its spelling and its irregular plural. One of the most frequent errors is confusing the 'Taa Maftuha' (ت) at the end of 'Ukht' with the more common 'Taa Marbuta' (ة) found at the end of most feminine nouns. Beginners often try to write it as 'أخة', which is incorrect and does not exist in Arabic.

Spelling Error: Mistaking the final 'ت' for 'ة'. Remember: Ukht is an exception to the 'Taa Marbuta for feminine nouns' rule.

خطأ: لي أخة واحدة. (Incorrect)
صح: لي أُخْت واحدة. (Correct)

Another common mistake involves the plural form. Many learners assume that because 'Ukht' ends in a 't', its plural will follow the sound feminine plural pattern (adding -at). While the plural 'Akhawat' (أخوات) does end in 'at', the stem changes from 'Ukht' to 'Akhaw-'. Learners often try to say 'Ukhtat' or 'Akhtat', which are incorrect. Pronunciation of the 'Kh' (خ) sound is also a hurdle. English speakers often pronounce it as a 'k' or a soft 'h', but it should be a raspy, guttural sound, similar to the 'ch' in 'Bach' or 'Loch.' Pronouncing it as 'Ukt' or 'Uht' can make the word unrecognizable to native speakers.

Pronunciation Pitfall: Softening the 'خ' to a 'k' or 'h'. This changes the phonetic profile of the word significantly.

تأكد من نطق حرف الخاء بوضوح في كلمة أخت.

Using the wrong possessive suffix is also common. Because 'Ukht' is feminine, learners sometimes get confused and use feminine suffixes when they should be using the suffix that matches the *owner* of the sister. For example, 'his sister' is 'Ukhtuhu' (masculine suffix for 'his'), even though the sister herself is female. Finally, learners sometimes overuse the word 'Ukht' in professional settings where a more formal title like 'Ustaza' (Professor/Lady) or 'Sayyida' (Madam) might be more appropriate. While 'Ukht' is polite, using it in a formal business meeting might come across as overly familiar or informal depending on the specific regional culture.

Contextual Overuse: Using 'Ya Ukht' in highly formal or corporate environments. It's better to use 'Sayyidati' or the person's professional title until a closer relationship is established.

في المكتب، من الأفضل قول 'يا أستاذة' بدلاً من 'يا أخت'.

While أُخْت is the most common word for sister, Arabic offers several alternatives depending on the level of formality and the specific type of relationship. Understanding these nuances can help you sound more like a native speaker and express yourself with greater precision.

Shaqiqa (شقيقة): This means 'full sister' (sharing both mother and father). It is more formal and is often used in legal documents, news, and official biographies to specify the exact biological link.

لي أخت شقيقة واحدة وأخ من الأب.

In many dialects, people use nicknames or diminutive forms to show affection. For example, in some regions, 'Ukhti' might be shortened or modified. In the Levant, you might hear 'Khayti' (my little sister), which is a very warm and local way of addressing a sister or a close female friend. When referring to a 'sister in faith' or a very close friend who is 'like a sister,' you might use the phrase 'Ukht fi-llah' (Sister in God) or 'Sadiqa muqarraba' (Close friend). These terms help distinguish between biological and spiritual or social sisterhood.

Nazira (نظيرة): While not meaning 'sister' directly, it means 'counterpart' or 'peer.' In some abstract or philosophical contexts, it can be used where English might use 'sister' (e.g., 'sister cities').

هذه المدينة هي نظيرة لمدينتنا في الحجم.

Another interesting alternative is the use of 'Bint' (daughter) in certain expressions. For example, 'Bint 'ammi' (daughter of my paternal uncle) is a cousin, but in many Arab families, cousins are treated with the same closeness as sisters, and the word 'Ukht' might be used loosely to describe them. Finally, the word 'Rafiqat al-darb' (companion of the path) is a poetic way to describe a sister or a woman who has shared one's life journey. While 'Ukht' is the structural foundation, these alternatives provide the emotional and contextual colors that make the Arabic language so rich.

Comparison Table: Ukht: General sister. Shaqiqa: Full sister. Khaya: Dialectal/Affectionate. Rafiqat: Poetic companion.

تعتبر الشقيقة أقرب الناس في الميراث.

How Formal Is It?

正式

"تَفَضَّلِي يَا سَيِّدَتِي، هَلْ أَنْتِ أُخْتُ الأُسْتَاذِ؟"

中性

"أُخْتِي تَعْمَلُ فِي المَكْتَبِ."

非正式

"يَا أُخْتِي، اسْمَعِينِي جَيِّداً."

Child friendly

"أُخْتِي تَلْعَبُ مَعِي بِالعَرُوسَةِ."

俚语

"يَا خَيْتِي، شُو هَاد؟"

趣味小知识

Unlike many feminine words in Arabic that use the 'Taa Marbuta' (ة), 'Ukht' preserves the ancient 'Taa Maftuha' (ت). This is a linguistic fossil showing its deep antiquity in the language.

发音指南

UK /ʊxt/

US /ʊxt/

The stress is on the single syllable of the word.

押韵词

بَخْت (Bakht - Luck) تَخْت (Takht - Bed/Throne) نَحْت (Naht - Carving) تَحْت (Taht - Under) وَقْت (Waqt - Time - near rhyme) سُخْت (Sukht - Anger/Wrath) يَخْت (Yakht - Yacht) مَقْت (Maqt - Hatred)

常见错误

Pronouncing 'kh' as 'k' (making it sound like 'ukt').
Pronouncing 'kh' as 'h' (making it sound like 'uht').
Adding an extra vowel at the end (e.g., 'ukta').
Misplacing the 'u' sound with an 'a' sound ('akht').
Failing to make the final 't' audible.

难度评级

阅读 1/5

Very easy to read, three distinct letters.

写作 2/5

The irregular 'Taa Maftuha' can be tricky for beginners.

口语 3/5

The 'Kh' sound requires practice for non-natives.

听力 1/5

Very distinct sound profile, easy to recognize.

接下来学什么

前置知识

أَب (Father) أُم (Mother) أَخ (Brother) بِنْت (Girl/Daughter) وَلَد (Boy/Son)

接下来学习

عَمَّة (Paternal Aunt) خَالَة (Maternal Aunt) جَدَّة (Grandmother) حَفِيدَة (Granddaughter) زَوْجَة (Wife)

高级

أُخُوَّة (Sisterhood) قَرَابَة (Kinship) مِيرَاث (Inheritance) نَسَب (Lineage) رَحِم (Womb/Kin)

需要掌握的语法

Feminine Noun Agreement

أختي طيبة (My sister is kind) - The adjective 'tayyiba' must be feminine.

Idafa Construction

أخت المعلم (The teacher's sister) - The first part is indefinite, the second is definite.

Irregular Plural

أخوات (Sisters) - Note the change from the 'Ukht' stem to 'Akhaw-'.

Possessive Suffixes

أختك (Your sister) - The suffix changes based on the person addressed.

Vocative Case

يا أخت (O sister) - Using 'Ya' for direct address.

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按水平分级的例句

لِي أُخْتٌ وَاحِدَةٌ.

I have one sister.

Uses the 'Li' (to me/I have) construction.

هَذِهِ أُخْتِي.

This is my sister.

Uses the feminine demonstrative pronoun 'hadhihi'.

أَيْنَ أُخْتُكَ؟

Where is your sister?

Uses the masculine second-person possessive suffix '-ka'.

أُخْتِي طَالِبَةٌ.

My sister is a student.

Simple nominal sentence with subject and predicate.

اسْمُ أُخْتِي مَرْيَمُ.

My sister's name is Maryam.

Idafa construction: Ismu (name of) + ukhti (my sister).

أُخْتِي صَغِيرَةٌ.

My sister is young/small.

Feminine adjective 'saghirah' matches the feminine noun 'ukht'.

هَلْ لَكَ أُخْتٌ؟

Do you have a sister?

Interrogative 'hal' used for yes/no questions.

أُخْتِي فِي البَيْتِ.

My sister is at home.

Prepositional phrase 'fi al-bayt' as a predicate.

أُخْتِي الكُبْرَى تَعْمَلُ طَبِيبَةً.

My older sister works as a doctor.

Adjective 'al-kubra' (the eldest/older) follows the noun.

ذَهَبْتُ إِلَى المَسْرَحِ مَعَ أُخْتِي.

I went to the theater with my sister.

Preposition 'ma'a' (with) followed by the noun.

لِي أُخْتَانِ تَدْرُسَانِ فِي الجَامِعَةِ.

I have two sisters studying at the university.

Dual form 'ukhtan' and dual verb 'tadrusan'.

أُخْتُ سَامِي تَسْكُنُ فِي لَنْدَن.

Sami's sister lives in London.

Idafa: Ukhtu (sister of) Sami.

هَلْ هَذِهِ أُخْتُكِ يَا فَاطِمَةُ؟

Is this your sister, Fatima?

Feminine possessive suffix '-ki' for addressing Fatima.

أُخْتِي تُحِبُّ القِرَاءَةَ كَثِيراً.

My sister loves reading very much.

Verb 'tuhibbu' in the feminine singular.

اشْتَرَيْتُ هَدِيَّةً لأُخْتِي الصَّغِيرَةِ.

I bought a gift for my younger sister.

Preposition 'li' (for) attached to 'ukhti'.

أَخَوَاتِي يَلْعَبْنَ فِي الحَدِيقَةِ.

My sisters are playing in the garden.

Plural 'akhawati' with the feminine plural verb 'yal'abna'.

تُعْتَبَرُ أُخْتِي أَعَزَّ صَدِيقَةٍ لِي.

My sister is considered my best friend.

Passive verb 'tu'tabaru' (is considered).

كَانَتْ أُخْتِي تُسَاعِدُنِي فِي دُرُوسِي.

My sister used to help me with my lessons.

Past continuous: 'kanat' + present tense verb.

سَأَلْتُ أُخْتِي عَنْ رَأْيِهَا فِي المَوْضُوعِ.

I asked my sister for her opinion on the matter.

Verb 'sa'altu' followed by the object 'ukhti'.

أُخْتِي الشَّقِيقَةُ تُشْبِهُ أُمِّي كَثِيراً.

My full sister looks a lot like my mother.

Use of 'al-shaqiqa' for biological precision.

لَدَيَّ ثَلَاثُ أَخَوَاتٍ، كُلُّهُنَّ مُتَزَوِّجَاتٌ.

I have three sisters, all of whom are married.

Number agreement: 'thalath' (masculine form) for feminine 'akhawat'.

رَغْمَ الخِلَافَاتِ، تَبْقَى الأُخْتُ سَنَداً لأَخِيهَا.

Despite the differences, a sister remains a support for her brother.

Abstract use of 'al-ukht' as a general concept.

تَخَرَّجَتْ أُخْتِي مِنَ الكُلِّيَّةِ بِتَفَوُّقٍ.

My sister graduated from college with excellence.

Verb 'takharrajat' in the past tense.

أُخْتِي تَهْتَمُّ بِالفُنُونِ التَّشْكِيلِيَّةِ.

My sister is interested in fine arts.

Verb 'tahtammu' followed by the preposition 'bi'.

تَلْعَبُ الأُخْتُ دَوْراً مِحْوَرِيّاً فِي التَّمَاسُكِ الأُسَرِيِّ.

The sister plays a pivotal role in family cohesion.

Formal sociological terminology.

نَاقَشْنَا قَضِيَّةَ حُقُوقِ الأَخَوَاتِ فِي المِيرَاثِ.

We discussed the issue of sisters' rights in inheritance.

Legal and social context.

قَالَتْ لِي أُخْتِي إِنَّهَا تُفَكِّرُ فِي الهِجْرَةِ.

My sister told me she is considering emigration.

Reported speech using 'inna'.

كَانَ وَأَخَوَاتُهَا هِيَ أَفْعَالٌ نَاقِصَةٌ تَدْخُلُ عَلَى الجُمْلَةِ الاسْمِيَّةِ.

Kana and its sisters are deficient verbs that enter the nominal sentence.

Grammatical metaphorical usage.

تَمْتَازُ أُخْتِي بِرُوحِ القِيَادَةِ وَالمُبَادَرَةِ.

My sister is characterized by a spirit of leadership and initiative.

Abstract qualities as predicates.

لَا يُمْكِنُنِي نِسْيَانُ نَصِيحَةِ أُخْتِي الغَالِيَةِ.

I cannot forget the advice of my dear sister.

Use of the verbal noun 'nisyan' (forgetting).

تُحَاوِلُ أُخْتِي التَّوْفِيقَ بَيْنَ عَمَلِهَا وَدِرَاسَتِهَا.

My sister is trying to balance her work and her studies.

The verb 'al-tawfiq' (balancing/reconciling).

سَافَرَتْ أُخْتِي لِتَمْثِيلِ بِلَادِهَا فِي المُؤْتَمَرِ الدَّوْلِيِّ.

My sister traveled to represent her country at the international conference.

Purpose clause with 'li' + present subjunctive.

تَجَلَّتْ عَاطِفَةُ الأُخُوَّةِ فِي رِثَاءِ الشَّاعِرِ لأُخْتِهِ.

The emotion of siblinghood was manifested in the poet's elegy for his sister.

Literary analysis vocabulary.

إِنَّ العَلَاقَةَ بَيْنَ الأَخَوَاتِ تَتَجَاوَزُ مُجَرَّدَ الرَّابِطِ البَيُولُوجِيِّ.

The relationship between sisters transcends a mere biological bond.

Philosophical and sociological depth.

كَانَتْ أُخْتُهُ بِمَثَابَةِ المَلَاذِ الآمِنِ لَهُ فِي أَوْقَاتِ الشِّدَّةِ.

His sister was like a safe haven for him in times of distress.

Idiomatic 'bi-mathabat' (acting as/equivalent to).

يَنْبَغِي عَلَيْنَا تَعْزِيزُ رَوَابِطِ الأُخُوَّةِ بَيْنَ جَمِيعِ نِسَاءِ المُجْتَمَعِ.

We should strengthen the bonds of sisterhood among all women in society.

Formal social call to action.

تُشِيرُ المَصَادِرُ التَّارِيخِيَّةُ إِلَى دَوْرِ أُخْتِ الخَلِيفَةِ فِي السِّيَاسَةِ.

Historical sources point to the role of the Caliph's sister in politics.

Historical research context.

لَقَدْ كَانَتْ هَذِهِ الحَادِثَةُ أُخْتَ سَابِقَتِهَا فِي الغَرَابَةِ.

This incident was the 'sister' of its predecessor in terms of strangeness.

Metaphorical use of 'ukht' to mean 'similar to'.

لَا يَخْفَى عَلَى أَحَدٍ مَا لِلأُخْتِ مِنْ مَكَانَةٍ مَرْمُوقَةٍ فِي المَوْرُوثِ الشَّعْبِيِّ.

No one is unaware of the prominent status the sister holds in folk heritage.

Complex negation and emphasis.

تَسْعَى الرِّوَايَةُ إِلَى تَفْكِيكِ مَفْهُومِ الأُخْتِ فِي السِّيَاقِ البَطْرِيَرْكِيِّ.

The novel seeks to deconstruct the concept of the sister in a patriarchal context.

Literary theory and criticism terminology.

يُعَدُّ تَوْظِيفُ لَفْظِ 'الأُخْت' فِي الشِّعْرِ الصُّوفِيِّ رَمْزاً لِلنَّفْسِ اللَّوَّامَةِ.

The employment of the term 'the sister' in Sufi poetry is a symbol of the self-reproaching soul.

Highly specialized mystical/literary context.

إِنَّ تَعَدُّدَ الدَّلَالَاتِ اللُّغَوِيَّةِ لِجَذْرِ 'أ خ و' يَكْشِفُ عَنْ عُمْقِ الفَلْسَفَةِ الاجْتِمَاعِيَّةِ العَرَبِيَّةِ.

The multiplicity of linguistic meanings for the root 'A-Kh-W' reveals the depth of Arab social philosophy.

Advanced linguistic analysis.

لَا جَرَمَ أَنَّ الأُخْتَ فِي هَذَا النَّصِّ تُمَثِّلُ الضَّمِيرَ الجَمْعِيَّ لِلأُمَّةِ.

There is no doubt that the sister in this text represents the collective conscience of the nation.

Idiomatic 'la jarama' (undoubtedly).

تَضَافَرَتْ جُهُودُ الأَخَوَاتِ لِصِيَاغَةِ مِيثَاقٍ جَدِيدٍ لِلْعَمَلِ النِّسْوِيِّ.

The sisters' efforts combined to draft a new charter for feminist work.

High-level administrative and political language.

يَتَطَلَّبُ فَهْمُ هَذَا النَّظْمِ إِدْرَاكاً عَمِيقاً لِمَا هِيَّةِ 'الأُخْت' فِي المِيثُولُوجْيَا القَدِيمَةِ.

Understanding this verse requires a deep perception of the essence of 'the sister' in ancient mythology.

Ontological and mythological terminology.

إِنَّ الِارْتِبَاطَ الوَثِيقَ بَيْنَ 'الأُخْت' وَ'الأَرْض' هُوَ تَيمَةٌ مُتَكَرِّرَةٌ فِي الأَدَبِ المِقَاوِمِ.

The close link between 'the sister' and 'the land' is a recurring theme in resistance literature.

Thematic literary analysis.

تَبَدَّتْ لَنَا الأُخْتُ فِي الرِّوَايَةِ كَأَيْقُونَةٍ لِلصَّبْرِ وَالتَّضْحِيَةِ اللَّامُتَنَاهِيَةِ.

The sister appeared to us in the novel as an icon of patience and infinite sacrifice.

Sophisticated descriptive language.

لَقَدْ أَصْبَحَتْ كَلِمَةُ 'أُخْت' هُنَا دَالاًّ عَلَى مَدْلُولٍ سِيَاسِيٍّ عَمِيقٍ.

The word 'sister' here has become a signifier for a deep political signified.

Semiotics and linguistic theory.

近义词

شَقِيقَة قَرِيبة

反义词

أَخ

常见搭配

أُخْت كُبْرَى

أُخْت صُغْرَى

أُخْت شَقِيقَة

كَانَ وَأَخَوَاتُهَا

أُخْت فِي الله

أُخْت الرَّضَاعَة

أُخْت الزَّوْج

أُخْت الزَّوْجَة

حُبُّ الأَخَوَات

نَصِيحَةُ الأُخْت

常用短语

يَا أُخْتِي

— O my sister. A common way to address a sister or a female peer with affection.

يا أختي، هل أنتِ بخير؟

أُخْتُ الرِّجَال

— Sister of men. A phrase used to describe a strong, brave, or capable woman.

هي حقاً أخت الرجال في مواقفها.

أُخْتِي العَزِيزَة

— My dear sister. A standard opening for letters or emotional greetings.

إلى أختي العزيزة، أكتب لكِ هذه الرسالة.

مِثْلُ الأُخْت

— Like a sister. Used for a very close female friend.

سارة هي مثل الأخت بالنسبة لي.

أَخَوَاتِي وَإِخْوَانِي

— My sisters and brothers. A common way to address a mixed audience.

أهلاً بكم يا أخواتي وإخواني في هذا الحفل.

أُخْتُ المَصَائِب

— Sister of calamities. A poetic or dramatic way to describe a very difficult situation.

هذه المشكلة هي أخت المصائب.

أُخْتُ الدُّنْيَا

— Sister of the world. Sometimes used metaphorically for life's experiences.

تجاربنا هي أخت الدنيا.

أُخْتُ القَمَر

— Sister of the moon. A compliment for a very beautiful woman.

جمالها يجعلها أخت القمر.

بَيْنَ الأَخَوَات

— Between sisters. Implies a private, safe space for conversation.

هذا الكلام يبقى بين الأخوات.

دَعْوَةُ الأُخْت

— A sister's prayer. Believed to be very powerful and sincere.

أحتاج إلى دعوة أختي في هذا الوقت.

容易混淆的词

أُخْت vs أَخ

Means brother. Often confused by beginners in rapid speech.

أُخْت vs أَخَذَ

A verb meaning 'to take.' Sounds similar but has a different root and meaning.

أُخْت vs بِنْت

Means girl or daughter. While related, it doesn't imply the sibling bond.

习语与表达

"أُخْتُ فُلَان"

— To be of the same kind or nature as something else.

هذه الكذبة هي أخت تلك الكذبة.

Literary

"رُبَّ أُخْتٍ لَمْ تَلِدْهَا أُمُّكَ"

— Many a sister was not born of your mother (referring to a very close friend).

أنتِ يا صديقتي رب أخت لم تلدها أمي.

Proverbial

"أُخْتُ الشَّقَاء"

— A companion of misery; something that always brings trouble.

هذه الوظيفة هي أخت الشقاء.

Poetic

"أُخْتُ النَّسِيم"

— Sister of the breeze; used to describe something very gentle or light.

كانت مشيتها أخت النسيم.

Poetic

"أُخْتُ المَوْت"

— Sister of death; often used to refer to sleep in classical literature.

النوم هو أخت الموت الصغرى.

Classical

"أُخْتُ السَّهَر"

— Sister of staying up late; refers to someone who is always awake at night.

النجوم هي أخت السهر.

Poetic

"أُخْتُ العَقْل"

— Sister of the mind; refers to wisdom or a sound decision.

هذه الفكرة هي أخت العقل.

Formal

"أُخْتُ الصَّبْر"

— Sister of patience; refers to endurance or long-suffering.

المثابرة هي أخت الصبر.

Literary

"أُخْتُ الفَجْر"

— Sister of the dawn; used to describe something bright and hopeful.

ابتسامتها أخت الفجر.

Poetic

"أُخْتُ الغُيُوم"

— Sister of the clouds; sometimes used for rain or high aspirations.

أحلامها أخت الغيوم.

Poetic

容易混淆

أُخْت vs أُخْرَى

Sounds slightly similar and starts with the same letter.

Ukhra means 'other' (feminine). Ukht means 'sister'. They are unrelated in meaning.

هذه بنت أخرى (This is another girl) vs هذه أختي (This is my sister).

أُخْت vs أَخِير

Starts with 'Akh'.

Akhir means 'last' or 'final'. Ukht is a person.

هذا هو اليوم الأخير.

أُخْت vs أُخُوَّة

Same root.

Ukhuwwa is the abstract noun for brotherhood/sisterhood. Ukht is the person.

نحن نؤمن بالأخوة.

أُخْت vs خَالَة

Both are female relatives.

Khala is a maternal aunt (mother's sister). Ukht is your own sister.

خالتي هي أخت أمي.

أُخْت vs عَمَّة

Both are female relatives.

Amma is a paternal aunt (father's sister). Ukht is your own sister.

عمتي هي أخت أبي.

句型

هَذِهِ أُخْتِي [Name].

هذه أختي سارة.

لِي [Number] أَخَوَات.

لي ثلاث أخوات.

أُخْتِي [Adjective].

أختي ذكية.

أَيْنَ [Possessive] أُخْتُكَ؟

أين أختك يا علي؟

أُخْتِي الَّتِي [Verb]...

أختي التي تسكن في دبي.

يُعْتَبَرُ [Noun] أُخْتَ [Noun].

يعتبر الصدق أخت الأمانة.

مَا لِلأُخْتِ مِنْ [Abstract Noun]...

ما للأخت من مكانة في قلبي.

تَجَلَّتْ [Abstract Noun] فِي [Noun] الأُخْت.

تجلت التضحية في صبر الأخت.

词族

名词

动词

形容词

如何使用

frequency

Extremely frequent in both spoken and written Arabic.

常见错误

Writing 'أخة' instead of 'أخت'. → أخت
Learners mistakenly apply the Taa Marbuta rule to this word. It must end in Taa Maftuha.
Saying 'أختي كبير' instead of 'أختي كبيرة'. → أختي كبيرة
Adjectives must agree with the feminine gender of 'Ukht'.
Using the plural 'أختات'. → أخوات
The plural is irregular and changes the stem. 'Akhawat' is the only correct form.
Pronouncing it as 'Ukt'. → Ukht (with a raspy kh)
The 'kh' sound is distinct from 'k'. Mispronouncing it can change the word's meaning or make it unclear.
Using 'Ukhtuhu' to mean 'her sister'. → Ukhtuha
The suffix must match the gender of the possessor, not the sister herself. -hu is for 'his', -ha is for 'her'.

小贴士

Watch the Plural

Always remember 'Akhawat'. Don't try to say 'Ukhtat'. It's one of the most important irregular plurals to master early on.

Master the Kh

The 'Kh' (خ) sound is vital. If you say it like a 'K', you might be misunderstood. Practice the raspy throat sound.

Polite Address

Don't be afraid to use 'Ya Ukht' with a shopkeeper or a stranger. It shows you understand Arabic social etiquette.

No Taa Marbuta

Remember the flat 'T' (ت). It's a common spelling test question because it breaks the usual feminine rule.

Use Shaqiqa for Precision

If you are in a formal setting or filling out a form, use 'Shaqiqa' to mean a full biological sister.

Sisterhood in Faith

In religious contexts, 'Ukht' is a powerful way to build immediate rapport with other women.

Metaphors

When you see 'Akhawat' in a non-family context, look for similarities. It usually means things that belong together.

Listen for the Suffix

The suffix on 'Ukht' (like -i, -ka, -ha) tells you whose sister is being discussed. Focus on the end of the word.

Idafa Construction

When saying 'the sister of...', the word 'Ukht' loses its tanween. Example: 'Ukhtu Maryam' not 'Ukhtun Maryam'.

Poetic Flair

Use 'Ukht al-fajr' or similar phrases in creative writing to describe things that share beautiful qualities.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of the 'kh' sound as a 'KH'aracteristic of a 'sister' who 'T'alks to you. U-KH-T.

视觉联想

Imagine two girls holding hands, forming the shape of the letters Alif, Kha, and Taa.

Word Web

Family Love Sibling Akhawat Support Home Respect Bonds

挑战

Try to use 'Ukhti' five times today when thinking about or talking to a female friend or sibling.

词源

The word 'Ukht' originates from the Proto-Semitic root '*ʔakh-', which denoted a sibling. In the feminine form, the '-t' suffix was added to distinguish the gender. This root is consistent across many Semitic languages, including Hebrew 'achot' and Syriac 'chotho.'

原始含义： A female member of the same generation within a kinship group.

Semitic

文化背景

Be careful not to use 'Ya Ukht' in a sarcastic way, as it can be seen as dismissive or rude. Always use a respectful tone.

English speakers might find the use of 'sister' for strangers odd, but in Arabic, it's as common as 'Ma'am' but much warmer.

The story of Al-Khansa and her elegies for her brother (reverse of sisterhood but central to sibling bonds). The grammatical 'Akhawat Kana' taught to every Arab student. Songs by famous singers like Fairuz or Umm Kulthum often mention family bonds.

在生活中练习

真实语境

At Home

أين أختي؟
أختي في غرفتها.
ساعدي أختكِ.
أحب أختي.

At School

أختي في فصلي.
هل هذه أختكِ؟
جاءت أختي لاستلامي.
أختي طالبة مجتهدة.

Public Places

يا أخت، لو سمحتِ.
تفضلي يا أختي.
هل أنتِ أخت فلان؟
شكراً يا أخت.

Religious Settings

أخواتي في الإسلام.
يا أختي، اتقي الله.
هذه أختنا في الله.
اجتماع الأخوات.

Grammar Class

كان وأخواتها.
إن وأخواتها.
ظن وأخواتها.
أخوات هذه الكلمة.

对话开场白

"كَمْ أُخْتاً لَدَيْكَ؟ (How many sisters do you have?)"

"هَلْ أُخْتُكَ أَكْبَرُ مِنْكَ أَمْ أَصْغَرُ؟ (Is your sister older or younger than you?)"

"مَاذَا تَعْمَلُ أُخْتُكَ؟ (What does your sister do for a living?)"

"هَلْ تَتَشَابَهُ أَنْتَ وَأُخْتُكَ فِي الصِّفَاتِ؟ (Do you and your sister have similar traits?)"

"أَيْنَ تَسْكُنُ أُخْتُكَ الآنَ؟ (Where does your sister live now?)"

日记主题

اكْتُبْ عَنْ ذِكْرَى جَمِيلَةٍ مَعَ أُخْتِكَ. (Write about a beautiful memory with your sister.)

صِفْ شَخْصِيَّةَ أُخْتِكَ وَمَاذَا تَتَعَلَّمُ مِنْهَا. (Describe your sister's personality and what you learn from her.)

كَيْفَ تَحْتَفِلُ بِيَوْمِ مِيلَادِ أُخْتِكَ؟ (How do you celebrate your sister's birthday?)

مَا هُوَ دَوْرُ الأُخْتِ فِي الأُسْرَةِ مِنْ وِجْهَةِ نَظَرِكَ؟ (What is the role of the sister in the family from your perspective?)

إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَدَيْكَ أُخْتٌ، كَيْفَ تَتَخَيَّلُ وُجُودَ وَاحِدَةٍ؟ (If you don't have a sister, how do you imagine having one?)

常见问题

10 个问题

No, while its primary meaning is biological, it is widely used as a respectful address for any woman or to signify a sisterhood in faith or shared values. In grammar, it also refers to words that behave similarly.

The plural is irregular: 'Akhawat' (أخوات). You change the stem from 'Ukht' to 'Akhaw-' before adding the feminine plural ending '-at'. This is a very common point of error for learners.

This is a linguistic exception. 'Ukht' is one of a small group of ancient nouns that use the 'Taa Maftuha' (ت). It is a feature preserved from older stages of the Semitic languages.

Yes, it is considered very polite and respectful. It signals that you are treating the woman with the same respect you would show a family member, which is a high compliment in Arab culture.

'Ukht' is general. 'Shaqiqa' specifically refers to a full sister who shares both parents. 'Shaqiqa' is more formal and used in legal or official contexts.

Yes, but usually with a qualifier, like 'Ukht al-zawj' (husband's sister) or 'Ukht al-zawja' (wife's sister). In casual conversation, you might just call her 'Ukhti' if you are close.

You say 'Ukht kubra' (أخت كبرى). 'Kubra' is the feminine superlative form of 'kabir' (big/old).

In classical Arabic, it is 'Ukhayya.' In dialects, people use various forms like 'Khayti' or 'Okhti' with affectionate intonation.

It's used in phrases like 'Kana wa Akhawatuha.' Here, 'Akhawatuha' (its sisters) refers to a group of verbs that function exactly like the verb 'Kana'.

The root is 'A-Kh-W' (أ خ و), which is the same root for 'Akh' (brother) and 'Ukhuwwa' (brotherhood/sisterhood).

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