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B1 noun #5,000 最常用 10分钟阅读

هجرة

hijra
开始练习 例句 笔记与提示 هجرة 30秒了解
解析 هجرة in your Level:
At the A1 level, the concept of moving to a new place might be introduced very simply, perhaps relating to moving house within a familiar area or a character in a story moving to a new town. The focus would be on very basic vocabulary related to home and location. The idea of crossing borders or large-scale movement would be too complex. Examples might include 'I move house' or 'The family moves to a new city'. The word 'هجرة' itself would likely not be introduced at this stage, or if it were, it would be in a highly simplified, contextualized manner, perhaps linked to a very basic story about changing homes.
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For A2 learners, the concept of moving might be expanded slightly to include moving to a different city or region within one's own country. Simple sentences about changing homes or moving for a new job could be introduced. The idea of 'moving away' from a place could be discussed using basic vocabulary. The word 'هجرة' might be encountered in very simple contexts, perhaps as a label for a picture showing people moving, or in a story where a character moves to a new town for a better life. The focus remains on concrete, everyday situations. For instance, 'My uncle moved to another city for work.' The complexity of international travel or reasons for moving would be limited.
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At the B1 level, learners can start to grasp the concept of هجرة as migration, involving movement to a different country. They can understand and use sentences discussing reasons for moving, such as seeking work or a better life. They can also discuss the general impact of such movements. The word هجرة itself is appropriate for this level, as learners can comprehend its meaning in contexts related to social studies and current events. They can differentiate between moving house locally and international migration. They can also begin to understand that migration can be voluntary or involuntary, though the nuances might still be developing.
B2 learners can engage with more complex discussions surrounding هجرة. They can analyze the socio-economic and political factors driving migration, understand concepts like 'brain drain' or 'remittances', and discuss the challenges faced by migrants and host countries. They can use هجرة in more sophisticated sentence structures and understand its implications in news articles, academic texts, and debates. They can also differentiate between various types of migration (e.g., labor, refugee, economic) and discuss their specific characteristics and impacts.
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C1 learners can critically analyze the multifaceted nature of هجرة, understanding its historical, economic, social, and political dimensions in depth. They can articulate nuanced arguments about immigration policies, integration challenges, and the global impact of migration flows. They can comprehend and produce complex texts on the subject, using precise terminology and sophisticated reasoning. They can also discuss the ethical considerations and human rights aspects related to migration, using هجرة in highly specialized and contextually appropriate ways.
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C2 learners possess a near-native command of the concept of هجرة. They can engage in highly specialized discourse, understand subtle connotations, and appreciate the cultural and historical weight of the term. They can analyze complex academic research, interpret literary works dealing with migration, and contribute to high-level policy discussions. Their understanding encompasses the full spectrum of migration phenomena, including historical migrations, diasporas, and the intricate interplay of global forces shaping human movement, using هجرة with absolute precision and cultural awareness.
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开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

هجرة 30秒了解

  • Hajra signifies human movement, often across borders, for settlement or work.
  • It's a fundamental concept in understanding societal and economic changes.
  • The term covers both voluntary and forced migrations.
  • Hajra is a key topic in social studies and economics.

Understanding Hajra: More Than Just Moving

Core Meaning
At its heart, هجرة (Hajra) means migration. It's the act of people leaving their original home to find a new one, typically in a different country or region. This isn't just a short trip; it implies a significant change in residence.
Driving Forces
People undertake هجرة for many reasons. The most common are economic – seeking better job opportunities, higher wages, or escaping poverty. Others move due to political reasons like conflict or persecution, social factors such as reuniting with family, or even environmental issues like natural disasters. The intention is usually to build a new life or find safety and stability.
Scale and Scope
هجرة can occur on various scales. It can be internal, meaning people move within their own country, or international, where they cross borders. The term often carries a sense of permanence or long-term settlement, distinguishing it from temporary travel. The impact of هجرة is profound, shaping demographics, economies, and cultures of both the places people leave and the places they arrive.

The history of humanity is a story of هجرة, as people have always moved in search of resources and better living conditions.

Contexts Where Hajra is Discussed

Social Studies and History
In academic settings, هجرة is a fundamental concept. Historians study ancient migrations that shaped civilizations, while social scientists analyze contemporary migration patterns, their causes, and consequences. Discussions often revolve around the challenges and opportunities faced by migrants and the impact on host societies.
Economics and Labor
Economists examine هجرة in terms of labor markets, remittances (money sent back home by migrants), and the economic contributions of immigrants. It's analyzed for its effects on wages, employment, and economic growth in both sending and receiving countries.
Politics and International Relations
Governments and policymakers grapple with the political implications of هجرة, including border control, immigration policies, and the integration of migrants into society. International relations are often influenced by migration flows and agreements between nations.
Personal Narratives and Media
You'll frequently encounter هجرة in news reports, documentaries, literature, and personal stories. These often highlight the human aspect of migration – the bravery, struggles, and hopes of individuals and families undertaking this life-altering journey.

The story of the Prophet Muhammad's هجرة from Mecca to Medina is a pivotal event in Islamic history.

Constructing Sentences with Hajra

Using هجرة (Hajra) correctly involves understanding its role as a noun referring to the act of migration. It can be used in various grammatical structures, often accompanied by prepositions or in relation to specific contexts.

Subject of the Sentence
هجرة can be the main subject, describing the phenomenon itself. For example:

الهجرة ظاهرة عالمية تؤثر على المجتمعات. (Al-hajra dhahira 'alamiyya tu'aththir 'ala al-mujtama'at.)
Migration is a global phenomenon that affects societies.

Here, الهجرة (the migration) is the subject performing the action of affecting societies.
Object of a Verb
It can also be the object of a verb, indicating what is being discussed or studied. For instance:

يدرس العلماء أسباب الهجرة. (Yadrus al-'ulama' asbab al-hajra.)
Scientists study the causes of migration.

In this sentence, الهجرة is what the scientists are studying.
Possessive Structures (Idafa)
هجرة can be part of an Idafa construction, linking it to another noun to show possession or a specific type.

تمثل هجرة العمال تحديًا اقتصاديًا. (Tumaththil hajrat al-'ummal tahaddiyan iqtisadiyyan.)
The migration of workers represents an economic challenge.

Here, هجرة is linked to 'workers' (العمال) to specify whose migration is being discussed.
Prepositional Phrases
It frequently appears after prepositions to provide more context about the movement.

تحدث هجرة جماعية بسبب الحرب. (Tahduth hajra jama'iyya bisabab al-harb.)
A mass migration occurred due to the war.

The preposition 'bi-sabab' (due to) clarifies the reason for the migration.

The country has seen a significant increase in هجرة from rural areas to urban centers.

Variations and Related Concepts

Describing the Migrant
To talk about the person who migrates, you would use related words like 'مهاجر' (muhajir - male migrant) or 'مهاجرة' (muhajira - female migrant).

أصبح مهاجرًا جديدًا في المدينة. (Asbaha muhajiran jadidan fi al-madina.)
He became a new migrant in the city.
The Act of Migrating
The verb form 'هاجر' (hajara) means 'to migrate'.

قرر الهجرة إلى بلد آخر. (Qarrara al-hijra ila balad akhar.)
He decided to migrate to another country.

Notice how the noun هجرة is derived from the verb 'هاجر'.
Internal vs. International
You can specify the type of migration:

تزداد الهجرة الداخلية في الدول النامية. (Tazdad al-hajra al-dakhiliyya fi al-duwal al-namiya.)
Internal migration is increasing in developing countries.

الهجرة الخارجية تتطلب وثائق رسمية. (Al-hajra al-kharijiyya tatatallab watha'iq rasmiyya.)
External migration requires official documents.

Real-World Contexts for Hajra

The word هجرة (Hajra) is not confined to textbooks; it's a term frequently used in everyday conversations, news, and formal discussions, reflecting its significance in the Arab world and beyond.

News and Current Events
You will hear هجرة constantly in news reports discussing global events. Topics like refugee crises, labor migration, and the movement of people due to conflict or economic hardship are invariably covered using this term. News anchors and analysts will refer to 'هجرة اللاجئين' (refugee migration), 'هجرة العمال' (labor migration), or 'هجرة قسرية' (forced migration).
Social and Political Discussions
In social gatherings or political debates, هجرة is a common topic. People discuss its impact on their communities, the economy, and national identity. Conversations might involve opinions on immigration policies, the integration of newcomers, or the brain drain from certain countries due to the هجرة of skilled professionals.
Educational Settings
In schools and universities, هجرة is a core subject in social studies, history, geography, and economics. Teachers will use the term when explaining historical movements of people, demographic shifts, and the economic consequences of migration. Students will encounter it in essays, research papers, and classroom discussions.
Religious and Historical Contexts
As mentioned, the term has a profound historical and religious significance, particularly referring to the Hijra of Prophet Muhammad. This specific event is discussed extensively in religious sermons, Islamic history classes, and cultural narratives. When this specific event is referenced, the word هجرة carries immense weight and reverence.
Personal Anecdotes
Individuals who have migrated, or whose families have a history of migration, will often use the word هجرة when sharing their personal stories. They might talk about their family's هجرة decades ago or their own recent move, discussing the challenges and triumphs associated with it.

The news reported on the increasing هجرة of young professionals seeking better opportunities abroad.

Avoiding Pitfalls with Hajra

While هجرة (Hajra) is a straightforward noun for migration, learners might make certain mistakes in its usage, often related to confusing it with related terms or misapplying grammatical rules. Here are some common errors to watch out for:

Confusing with the Verb or Agent
Mistake: Using هجرة when the sentence requires the verb 'to migrate' (هاجر - hajara) or the noun for a 'migrant' (مهاجر - muhajir/مهاجرة - muhajira).
Example of Mistake: أنا هجرة جديدة. (Ana hajra jadida.)
Correct: أنا مهاجر جديد. (Ana muhajir jadid.) - I am a new migrant.
Correct: أنا أهاجر. (Ana uhajir.) - I am migrating.
Explanation: هجرة is the noun for the act of migration itself, not the person doing the migrating or the action of migrating.
Incorrect Gender Agreement
Mistake: Treating هجرة as a masculine noun when it is grammatically feminine. This can lead to incorrect adjective or pronoun agreement.
Example of Mistake: الهجرة كان طويل. (Al-hajra kana taweel.)
Correct: الهجرة كانت طويلة. (Al-hajra kanat taweela.) - The migration was long.
Explanation: Feminine nouns in Arabic often end with a 'ta marbuta' (ة), and verbs and adjectives agreeing with them take feminine forms (e.g., كان becomes كانت, طويل becomes طويلة).
Overuse or Misapplication
Mistake: Using هجرة to describe any kind of movement, including short trips or temporary travel.
Example of Mistake: هجرة إلى السوق. (Hajra ila al-souq.)
Correct: ذهاب إلى السوق. (Dhahab ila al-souq.) - Going to the market.
Explanation: هجرة implies a more permanent or long-term change of residence, often across significant distances or borders, not a casual outing.
Ignoring Context
Mistake: Using هجرة in contexts where a more specific term might be appropriate, or failing to add qualifiers when needed.
Example: While 'هجرة' is general, in discussions about refugees, specifying 'هجرة اللاجئين' (refugee migration) is clearer. Similarly, for economic reasons, 'هجرة العمال' (labor migration) is more precise.
Explanation: Context is key. While هجرة is a broad term, adding descriptive words helps convey the exact meaning intended.

A common error is confusing the noun هجرة with the verb 'to migrate'.

Exploring Synonyms and Related Terms

While هجرة (Hajra) is the most common and direct term for migration, Arabic offers other words and phrases that convey similar meanings or nuances. Understanding these alternatives enriches your vocabulary and allows for more precise expression.

نزوح (Nuzuh)
Meaning: Displacement, exodus, often implying forced movement due to crisis, conflict, or disaster.
Comparison: While هجرة can be voluntary or involuntary, نزوح strongly suggests involuntary movement. It's often used for internal displacement within a country.
Example: شهدت المنطقة نزوحًا كبيرًا للسكان بسبب الفيضانات. (Shahidat al-mintaqa nuzuhan kabiran lil-sukkan bisabab al-fayadanat.) - The region witnessed a large displacement of the population due to the floods.
Register: Neutral to formal, often used in news and humanitarian contexts.
انتقال (Intiqal)
Meaning: Transfer, movement, relocation. A more general term for moving from one place to another.
Comparison: انتقال is broader than هجرة. It can refer to any kind of move, including changing jobs, moving houses within the same city, or even the movement of objects. هجرة specifically implies a more significant, often international, relocation for settlement.
Example: انتقال الموظفين إلى الفرع الجديد سيتم الأسبوع القادم. (Intiqal al-muwaththafin ila al-far' al-jadid sayatim al-usbu' al-qadim.) - The transfer of employees to the new branch will happen next week.
Register: Neutral, widely applicable.
رحيل (Raheel)
Meaning: Departure, leaving, often with a sense of finality or a long journey.
Comparison: رحيل focuses on the act of leaving a place, rather than the destination or the process of settling. It can be used for migration but also for other forms of departure.
Example: رحيل العائلة ترك أثرًا كبيرًا في القرية. (Raheel al-'a'ila taraka atharan kabiran fi al-qarya.) - The family's departure left a big impact on the village.
Register: Neutral to poetic, can be used in literature.
الغزو (Al-Ghazw) / الغزو السكاني (Al-Ghazw Al-Sukkani)
Meaning: Invasion, population invasion. This is a highly charged and often politically motivated term.
Comparison: This is not a synonym for هجرة but rather a pejorative term used to describe migration, particularly large-scale immigration, in a negative and threatening way. It implies an unwelcome takeover rather than a movement for settlement or work.
Example: يستخدم البعض مصطلح 'غزو سكاني' لوصف الهجرة الكبيرة. (Yastakhdim al-ba'd mustalah 'ghazw sukkani' li-wasf al-hijra al-kabira.) - Some use the term 'population invasion' to describe large migration.
Register: Negative, politically charged, informal to polemical.
الاستيطان (Al-Istitaan)
Meaning: Settlement, colonization.
Comparison: This term refers to the act of establishing a settlement, often by a group moving into a new territory, and can imply taking control or developing the land. It's related to the outcome of migration but not the process itself.
Example: الاستيطان في الأراضي الجديدة يتطلب تخطيطًا دقيقًا. (Al-istitaan fi al-aradi al-jadida yatatallab takhtitan daqiqan.) - Settlement in new lands requires careful planning.
Register: Neutral to formal, can have political connotations depending on context.

While هجرة is about the movement, استيطان is about the establishment of a new home.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The most historically significant 'Hajra' is the Hijra of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE. This event marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar (AH - Anno Hegirae) and is considered a pivotal moment in Islamic history, symbolizing a move from persecution to establishing a community.

发音指南

UK /hɪdʒ.rə/
US /hɪdʒ.rə/
The stress is on the first syllable: HIJ-ra.
押韵词
fig-ra rig-ra zig-ra big-ra dig-ra wig-ra twig-ra frig-ra
常见错误
  • Pronouncing the 'j' sound as 'zh' (like in 'measure'). It should be a hard 'j' sound.
  • Making the final 'a' sound too long or too distinct; it's a short, unstressed vowel.
  • Not rolling the 'r' sound sufficiently for some listeners.

难度评级

阅读 3/5

At the B1 level, learners can understand the main points of texts discussing migration, especially when the language is relatively straightforward. Complex academic articles or nuanced political analyses might still pose challenges, but general news reports and descriptive texts are generally accessible.

写作 3/5

B1 learners can write simple sentences and paragraphs about migration, expressing basic reasons and destinations. Constructing complex arguments or using a wide range of vocabulary related to migration might require practice.

口语 3/5

Learners at this level can discuss migration in general terms, share personal experiences or opinions, and ask basic questions about the topic. Fluency and accuracy in complex discussions might still be developing.

听力 3/5

B1 learners can understand the main points of clear, standard speech on familiar topics like migration, especially in news broadcasts or everyday conversations. Understanding rapid speech or complex accents might be difficult.

接下来学什么

前置知识

بلد (Country) مدينة (City) عمل (Work) بيت (House) عائلة (Family) سفر (Travel) سبب (Reason) جديد (New) أفضل (Better)

接下来学习

مهاجر (Migrant) لاجئ (Refugee) نزوح (Displacement) استقرار (Settlement) توطين (Colonization/Settlement) فرص عمل (Job opportunities) تحويلات مالية (Remittances) تأشيرة (Visa)

高级

التركيبة السكانية (Demographics) الاندماج (Integration) السيادة الوطنية (National sovereignty) التنوع الثقافي (Cultural diversity) العولمة (Globalization) التنمية المستدامة (Sustainable development) الأمن القومي (National security)

需要掌握的语法

Feminine Noun Agreement

الهجرة (Hajra) is a feminine noun. Verbs and adjectives referring to it must agree in gender. Example: الهجرة كانت صعبة. (Al-hajra kanat ṣaʿba.) - The migration was difficult. (كانت and صعبة are feminine forms).

Prepositions with Nouns

الهجرة is often followed by prepositions like 'إلى' (to), 'من' (from), 'بسبب' (because of). Example: الهجرة إلى بلد جديد. (Al-hajra ila balad jadīd.) - Migration to a new country.

Idafa Construction (Possessive)

الهجرة can be the first term in an Idafa to specify the type of migration. Example: هجرة العمال (Hajrat al-ʿummal) - Migration of workers.

Verb-Noun Derivation

The noun هجرة is derived from the verb هاجر (Hajara - to migrate). Understanding this root helps in recognizing related words.

Pluralization

The plural of هجرة is هجرات (Hajrat). Example: شهد العام عدة هجرات كبيرة. (Shahida al-ʿām ʿiddat hajrat kabīra.) - The year witnessed several large migrations.

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按水平分级的例句

1

أنا أنتقل إلى بيت جديد.

I move to a new house.

Using 'أنتقل' (I move) for a simple change of residence.

2

هو يسكن في مدينة أخرى.

He lives in another city.

Simple statement of living in a different location.

3

عائلتي انتقلت.

My family moved.

Past tense of 'to move' for a family.

4

أنا ذاهب إلى بيت صديقي.

I am going to my friend's house.

Simple verb 'to go' for visiting.

5

البيت كبير.

The house is big.

Basic adjective describing a house.

6

هذا بيت جديد.

This is a new house.

Using 'new' with 'house'.

7

أنا أحب بيتي.

I love my house.

Expressing affection for one's home.

8

هم في المدينة.

They are in the city.

Simple statement of location.

1

عمي انتقل إلى مدينة أخرى للعمل.

My uncle moved to another city for work.

Introducing 'for work' as a reason for moving.

2

الكثير من الناس ينتقلون إلى العاصمة.

Many people move to the capital.

Using 'many people' and a specific destination (capital).

3

قررت عائلتي الانتقال إلى الريف.

My family decided to move to the countryside.

Using 'decided' and a common destination (countryside).

4

هذه ليست رحلة قصيرة، إنها انتقال دائم.

This is not a short trip, it's a permanent move.

Distinguishing between temporary and permanent moves.

5

أنا أبحث عن عمل في مدينة جديدة.

I am looking for work in a new city.

Expressing the search for employment in a new location.

6

المعيشة في المدينة غالية.

The cost of living in the city is expensive.

Discussing the reason for moving (cost of living).

7

أنا أتعلم اللغة العربية هنا.

I am learning Arabic here.

Context of being in a new place to learn.

8

أنا سعيد في بيتي الجديد.

I am happy in my new home.

Expressing happiness in a new residence.

1

الهجرة من الريف إلى المدن ظاهرة شائعة.

Migration from rural areas to cities is a common phenomenon.

Using 'الهجرة' as the subject, referring to rural-to-urban migration.

2

يبحث الكثيرون عن فرص عمل أفضل من خلال الهجرة.

Many seek better job opportunities through migration.

Using 'من خلال' (through) to connect migration with job opportunities.

3

تؤثر الهجرة بشكل كبير على التركيبة السكانية للمجتمعات.

Migration greatly affects the demographic composition of societies.

Using 'تؤثر على' (affects) and discussing demographic impact.

4

تتطلب الهجرة الدولية تخطيطًا دقيقًا وتأشيرات.

International migration requires careful planning and visas.

Adding specifics like 'international' and 'visas'.

5

بعض الناس يهاجرون بحثًا عن الأمان.

Some people migrate in search of safety.

Using the verb 'تهاجر' (migrate) and 'بحثًا عن' (in search of).

6

الهجرة القسرية تحدث بسبب الحروب والكوارث.

Forced migration happens due to wars and disasters.

Introducing 'forced migration' and its causes.

7

ما هي أسباب الهجرة إلى أوروبا؟

What are the reasons for migration to Europe?

Asking about the reasons for migration to a specific region.

8

الهجرة تساهم في التنوع الثقافي.

Migration contributes to cultural diversity.

Discussing a positive impact of migration.

1

تُعد الهجرة الاقتصادية محركًا رئيسيًا للتنمية في العديد من البلدان النامية.

Economic migration is a major driver of development in many developing countries.

Using 'تُعد' (is considered) and discussing economic impact.

2

تواجه الدول المضيفة تحديات كبيرة في دمج المهاجرين بسبب الهجرة الجماعية.

Host countries face significant challenges in integrating migrants due to mass migration.

Discussing challenges of integration and 'mass migration'.

3

تُظهر الدراسات أن الهجرة لا تقتصر على الأفراد ذوي المهارات العالية فقط.

Studies show that migration is not limited to highly skilled individuals only.

Referencing studies and specifying types of migrants.

4

يجب على الحكومات وضع سياسات فعالة لإدارة الهجرة.

Governments must implement effective policies to manage migration.

Discussing government policy and 'managing migration'.

5

الهجرة غير الشرعية تشكل قضية معقدة على المستوى الدولي.

Irregular migration is a complex issue at the international level.

Introducing 'irregular migration' and its complexity.

6

إن الهجرة القسرية غالبًا ما تكون نتيجة للنزاعات المسلحة.

Forced migration is often a consequence of armed conflicts.

Connecting forced migration directly to armed conflicts.

7

تعتبر التحويلات المالية للمهاجرين مصدرًا هامًا للدخل في بلدانهم الأصلية، وهي نتيجة مباشرة لـ الهجرة.

Remittances from migrants are an important source of income in their home countries, a direct result of migration.

Explaining remittances as a direct result of migration.

8

هل يمكن لـ الهجرة أن تساهم في حل مشكلة نقص العمالة؟

Can migration contribute to solving the labor shortage problem?

Posing a question about migration's role in labor markets.

1

إن التحليل المعمق لظاهرة الهجرة يكشف عن تشابك العوامل الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والسياسية.

In-depth analysis of the phenomenon of migration reveals the intertwining of economic, social, and political factors.

Using advanced vocabulary like 'التحليل المعمق' (in-depth analysis) and 'تشابك' (intertwining).

2

تطرح الهجرة تحديات أخلاقية وقانونية معقدة تتعلق بحقوق الإنسان والسيادة الوطنية.

Migration poses complex ethical and legal challenges related to human rights and national sovereignty.

Discussing ethical and legal dimensions, human rights, and sovereignty.

3

يمكن أن تؤدي الهجرة غير المنظمة إلى تفاقم الظواهر الاجتماعية السلبية مثل الاستغلال والاتجار بالبشر.

Unorganized migration can exacerbate negative social phenomena such as exploitation and human trafficking.

Using 'غير المنظمة' (unorganized) and discussing negative consequences like exploitation.

4

يشكل مفهوم 'الهجرة العكسية' نقطة اهتمام متزايدة في دراسات الهجرة المعاصرة.

The concept of 'reverse migration' is a point of increasing interest in contemporary migration studies.

Introducing specialized terminology like 'reverse migration'.

5

إن فهم دوافع الهجرة يتطلب منظورًا متعدد التخصصات يأخذ في الاعتبار العوامل النفسية والبيئية.

Understanding the motivations for migration requires a multidisciplinary perspective that considers psychological and environmental factors.

Emphasizing a multidisciplinary approach and psychological/environmental factors.

6

تُعتبر الهجرة القسرية، مثل لجوء اللاجئين، استجابة للظروف القاهرة التي تهدد الحياة.

Forced migration, such as refugee asylum, is a response to compelling circumstances that threaten life.

Connecting forced migration to life-threatening circumstances and asylum.

7

تطرح الهجرة تحديات كبيرة أمام سياسات التنمية المستدامة.

Migration poses significant challenges to sustainable development policies.

Linking migration to sustainable development challenges.

8

إن تحليل الخطاب حول الهجرة يكشف عن التحيزات الكامنة والمواقف المجتمعية.

Analyzing the discourse surrounding migration reveals underlying biases and societal attitudes.

Focusing on discourse analysis, biases, and societal attitudes.

1

تتطلب معالجة الأبعاد المعقدة لـ الهجرة الدولية مقاربات مبتكرة تتجاوز الحلول التقليدية.

Addressing the complex dimensions of international migration requires innovative approaches that go beyond traditional solutions.

Using highly sophisticated vocabulary like 'معالجة الأبعاد المعقدة' (addressing complex dimensions) and 'مقاربات مبتكرة' (innovative approaches).

2

إن التفاعل بين الهجرة والتغير المناخي يمثل أحد أبرز التحديات الجيوسياسية في القرن الحادي والعشرين.

The interaction between migration and climate change represents one of the most prominent geopolitical challenges of the 21st century.

Linking migration to climate change and geopolitical challenges with advanced phrasing.

3

تُسهم دراسات الهجرة المقارنة في فهم التباينات والتوافقات في سياسات الهجرة عبر السياقات الثقافية المختلفة.

Comparative migration studies contribute to understanding the divergences and convergences in migration policies across different cultural contexts.

Employing specialized academic terms like 'دراسات الهجرة المقارنة' (comparative migration studies) and 'التباينات والتوافقات' (divergences and convergences).

4

إن فهم ظاهرة الهجرة يتطلب إدراكًا عميقًا للديناميكيات التاريخية والاستعمارية وما بعدها.

Understanding the phenomenon of migration requires a deep awareness of historical, colonial, and post-colonial dynamics.

Referencing historical, colonial, and post-colonial dynamics.

5

تُعد الهجرة الناتجة عن الأزمات الإنسانية اختبارًا لقدرة المجتمع الدولي على الاستجابة الفعالة.

Migration resulting from humanitarian crises is a test of the international community's capacity for effective response.

Discussing humanitarian crises and the international community's response.

6

إن التحولات في أنماط الهجرة تعكس بشكل مباشر التغيرات الجيوسياسية والاقتصادية العالمية.

Shifts in migration patterns directly reflect global geopolitical and economic changes.

Connecting migration patterns directly to global geopolitical and economic shifts.

7

تتطلب السياسات الفعالة للهجرة إعادة تقييم مستمر للعوامل المؤثرة والنتائج المترتبة.

Effective migration policies require continuous reassessment of influencing factors and resulting outcomes.

Emphasizing continuous reassessment and complex policy implications.

8

إن الهجرة، بوصفها ظاهرة إنسانية عابرة للحدود، تستدعي مقاربات تتسم بالشمولية والتعاطف.

Migration, as a transnational human phenomenon, calls for approaches characterized by inclusivity and empathy.

Describing migration as a transnational phenomenon requiring inclusivity and empathy.

常见搭配

الهجرة الجماعية
الهجرة غير الشرعية
الهجرة الاقتصادية
الهجرة القسرية
أسباب الهجرة
تأثير الهجرة
سياسات الهجرة
الهجرة الدولية
الهجرة الداخلية
الهجرة العكسية

常用短语

الهجرة غير الشرعية

— Refers to migration that occurs outside the legal frameworks of the destination country.

تُعتبر الهجرة غير الشرعية تحديًا كبيرًا للعديد من الدول.

الهجرة الاقتصادية

— Migration undertaken primarily for economic reasons, such as seeking better employment opportunities or higher wages.

الهجرة الاقتصادية تدفع الكثيرين لترك بلدانهم.

الهجرة القسرية

— Migration that is involuntary, often due to conflict, persecution, natural disasters, or other life-threatening circumstances.

الهجرة القسرية تؤدي إلى أزمات إنسانية.

أسباب الهجرة

— The underlying reasons or motivations that lead people to migrate.

يجب فهم أسباب الهجرة لمعالجتها بفعالية.

تأثير الهجرة

— The consequences or effects of migration on individuals, societies, economies, and cultures.

ما هو تأثير الهجرة على سوق العمل المحلي؟

سياسات الهجرة

— The rules, regulations, and strategies implemented by governments regarding the entry, stay, and departure of migrants.

تتناقش الحكومة حول تعديل سياسات الهجرة.

الهجرة إلى

— Migration to a specific destination country or region.

الهجرة إلى كندا زادت في السنوات الأخيرة.

الهجرة من

— Migration from a specific country or region.

الهجرة من الدول الفقيرة مشكلة عالمية.

الهجرة والسكان

— Relates migration patterns to demographic changes and population dynamics.

الهجرة والسكان عاملان مترابطان في تشكيل المجتمعات.

الهجرة والتنمية

— Discusses the relationship between migration and the economic and social development of countries.

الهجرة والتنمية يمكن أن تكون علاقة تكافلية.

容易混淆的词

هجرة vs انتقال (Intiqal)

While 'انتقال' means movement or transfer, it's a much broader term. 'هجرة' specifically refers to migration, usually crossing borders or a significant relocation for settlement, carrying more weight than just moving house or changing jobs.

هجرة vs رحيل (Raheel)

'رحيل' focuses on the act of departure or leaving. 'هجرة' encompasses the entire process, including the move itself and the establishment of a new residence, often with a more permanent intention.

هجرة vs تهجير (Tahjeer)

'تهجير' specifically means forced displacement, whereas 'هجرة' can be voluntary or involuntary. 'تهجير' carries a stronger sense of coercion and often implies negative circumstances.

习语与表达

"الهجرة إلى (بلاد الفرص)"

— Literally 'migration to (the land of opportunities)', this phrase is used to describe moving to a place perceived as offering better chances for success, wealth, or a better life.

الكثير من الشباب يحلمون بالهجرة إلى بلاد الفرص لتحقيق أحلامهم.

Informal, aspirational
"الهجرة بحثًا عن حياة أفضل"

— This idiom emphasizes the primary motivation for much migration: the desire for an improved quality of life, encompassing economic stability, safety, and better prospects.

يعتبر الكثيرون أن الهجرة بحثًا عن حياة أفضل هي خطوة ضرورية.

Neutral, descriptive
"الهجرة القسرية (قصة مؤلمة)"

— Highlights the tragic aspect of forced migration, where individuals and families are uprooted due to circumstances beyond their control, often involving suffering and loss.

قصص الهجرة القسرية تذكرنا بالمعاناة الإنسانية.

Formal, empathetic
"الهجرة نحو المجهول"

— Describes migration where the destination or future is uncertain, often implying risk and venturing into the unknown.

الكثيرون يخوضون الهجرة نحو المجهول بأمل في مستقبل أفضل.

Neutral, evocative
"الهجرة الدماغية"

— This refers to the 'brain drain', the emigration of highly skilled or educated individuals from a country, which can lead to a loss of talent for the home country.

تعاني بعض الدول من الهجرة الدماغية لنخبها العلمية.

Formal, socio-economic
"الهجرة العكسية"

— Refers to the phenomenon of people returning to their country of origin after having migrated elsewhere, often due to improved conditions at home or challenges abroad.

تشهد بعض المناطق هجرة عكسية مع تحسن الأوضاع الاقتصادية.

Formal, demographic
"الهجرة إلى أرض الأجداد"

— This phrase can refer to returning to one's ancestral homeland, often after generations of living elsewhere, or migrating to a place historically associated with one's lineage.

بعد عقود، قرر العودة إلى أرض الأجداد والهجرة إليها.

Cultural, nostalgic
"الهجرة الجماعية"

— Describes a large-scale movement of people from one area to another, often in response to significant events or trends.

شهدت المنطقة هجرة جماعية بسبب الجفاف.

Neutral, descriptive
"الهجرة المؤقتة"

— Migration for a limited period, often for work or study, with the intention of returning to the home country.

الكثير من الطلاب يقومون بالهجرة المؤقتة للدراسة في الخارج.

Formal, specific type
"الهجرة الدائمة"

— Migration with the intention of settling permanently in the new country.

بعد سنوات، قرر الاستقرار نهائيًا، وكانت تلك هجرته الدائمة.

Formal, specific type

容易混淆

هجرة vs نُزوح (Nuzuh)

Both 'هجرة' and 'نُزوح' refer to people moving from their homes.

'نُزوح' primarily implies forced displacement, often within a country, due to crisis or disaster. 'هجرة' is a more general term that can be voluntary or involuntary and often refers to international movement for settlement or work. Think of 'نُزوح' as being uprooted, while 'هجرة' is a broader term for moving to a new place.

شهدت المنطقة نزوحًا للسكان بسبب الفيضانات، بينما كانت هجرة العمال إلى أوروبا مستمرة. (The region witnessed displacement of residents due to floods, while labor migration to Europe continued.)

هجرة vs اغتراب (Ightirab)

Both relate to living away from one's homeland.

'اغتراب' describes the state of being an expatriate or living abroad, often with connotations of alienation or homesickness. 'هجرة' is the act or process of moving to another country. You undertake 'هجرة' to achieve a state of 'اغتراب' or to settle.

بعد هجرته إلى كندا، شعر بالاغتراب في البداية. (After his migration to Canada, he felt alienation at first.)

هجرة vs استيطان (Istitaan)

Both relate to establishing oneself in a new place.

'استيطان' refers to the act of settling or colonizing a new territory, often implying establishing a community or taking control. 'هجرة' is the movement of people to that new place. Migration is the journey and relocation, while settlement is the outcome or the establishment of residence.

كانت هجرة المستكشفين إلى أمريكا مقدمة لاستيطانها. (The migration of explorers to America was a prelude to its settlement.)

هجرة vs لجوء (Luju')

Both refer to people moving due to difficult circumstances.

'لجوء' specifically means seeking asylum or refuge in another country due to persecution, war, or danger. It's a form of involuntary migration. 'هجرة' is a broader term that can include voluntary economic migration, as well as forced migration and seeking asylum.

طلب اللاجئون اللجوء في البلد المجاور بعد هجرتهم القسرية. (The refugees sought asylum in the neighboring country after their forced migration.)

هجرة vs تهجير (Tahjeer)

Both involve people leaving their homes.

'تهجير' means forced displacement, usually by an authority or in a conflict. It emphasizes coercion and a lack of choice. 'هجرة' is a more general term that can be voluntary or involuntary. 'تهجير' is a specific type of forced 'هجرة'.

تم تهجير السكان قسرًا، مما أدى إلى هجرة داخلية واسعة. (The residents were forcibly displaced, leading to extensive internal migration.)

句型

A2

Subject + انتقل + إلى + [Place] + لـ + [Reason]

أخي انتقل إلى المدينة ليعمل.

B1

<strong>الهجرة</strong> + [Verb/Adjective]

<strong>الهجرة</strong> شائعة.

B1

الكثيرون + [Verb] + <strong>الهجرة</strong> + [Preposition] + [Reason]

الكثيرون يهاجرون <strong>الهجرة</strong> بحثًا عن العمل.

B1

<strong>الهجرة</strong> + [Preposition] + [Place]

<strong>الهجرة</strong> إلى كندا.

B2

<strong>الهجرة</strong> + [Verb] + [Impact]

<strong>الهجرة</strong> تؤثر على الاقتصاد.

B2

تُعد + <strong>الهجرة</strong> + [Type] + [Consequence]

تُعد <strong>الهجرة</strong> الاقتصادية محركًا للتنمية.

C1

إن + [Noun Phrase] + لـ + <strong>الهجرة</strong> + [Complex Factor]

إن فهم دوافع <strong>الهجرة</strong> يتطلب منظورًا متعدد التخصصات.

C1

تطرح + <strong>الهجرة</strong> + [Challenges]

تطرح <strong>الهجرة</strong> تحديات أخلاقية وقانونية.

词族

名词

هجرة (Hajra - migration)
مهاجر (Muhajir - male migrant)
مهاجرة (Muhajira - female migrant)
مهاجرون (Muhajirun - migrants, plural)

动词

هاجر (Hajara - to migrate)
يهاجر (Yuhajir - he migrates)
تهاجر (Tuhajir - she migrates/you migrate)
هاجر (Hajir - migrate! imperative)

形容词

مهاجر (Muhajir - migrating, migrant)

相关

موطن (Mawṭin - homeland, native place)
بلد (Balad - country)
عمل (ʿAmal - work, job)
فرصة (Furṣa - opportunity)
أمان (Amān - safety)
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如何使用

frequency

High

常见错误
  • Using 'هجرة' for short trips. → Using 'سفر' (travel) or 'ذهاب' (going).

    'هجرة' implies a significant move for settlement, not temporary travel. For instance, saying 'أنا في هجرة إلى السوق' (I am migrating to the market) is incorrect; it should be 'أنا ذاهب إلى السوق' (I am going to the market).

  • Confusing 'هجرة' (noun) with 'هاجر' (verb) or 'مهاجر' (migrant). → Using the correct part of speech: 'هجرة' for the act, 'هاجر' for the action, 'مهاجر' for the person.

    A learner might say 'هو هجرة جديدة' (He is a new migration) instead of 'هو مهاجر جديد' (He is a new migrant) or 'هو يهاجر' (He is migrating).

  • Incorrect gender agreement with 'هجرة'. → Using feminine forms for verbs and adjectives.

    Saying 'الهجرة كان طويل' (The migration was long) is wrong. It should be 'الهجرة كانت طويلة' (Al-hajra kanat taweela), as 'هجرة' is feminine.

  • Using 'هجرة' when 'نزوح' (displacement) is more appropriate. → Using 'نزوح' for forced movement due to crisis.

    'هجرة' can be voluntary, but 'نزوح' specifically implies being forced to leave one's home due to events like war or natural disasters. For example, 'نزوح اللاجئين' (refugee displacement) is more precise than just 'هجرة اللاجئين'.

  • Using 'هجرة' as a synonym for 'استيطان' (settlement). → Differentiating between the act of moving ('هجرة') and the act of settling ('استيطان').

    'هجرة' is the process of moving, while 'استيطان' is the establishment of residence. One undertakes 'هجرة' to achieve 'استيطان'. Saying 'هجرة الأرض' (migration of the land) is incorrect; it should be 'استيطان الأرض' (settlement of the land).

小贴士

Connect to Related Words

When learning 'هجرة', also learn 'مهاجر' (migrant) and the verb 'هاجر' (to migrate). Understanding the word family will solidify your grasp of the concept.

Practice the 'J' Sound

The 'j' sound in 'هجرة' is like the 'j' in 'judge'. Practice this sound clearly, ensuring it's not confused with a 'zh' sound.

Remember Feminine Agreement

'هجرة' is a feminine noun. Always ensure that verbs and adjectives referring to it are also in the feminine form (e.g., كانت, كبيرة).

Listen to News

Watch or listen to Arabic news channels discussing international events. You'll frequently hear 'هجرة' used in various contexts, helping you understand its practical application.

Differentiate Types of Movement

Be aware that 'هجرة' is for significant moves. For simple changes of residence within a city, 'انتقال' might be more appropriate. For forced displacement, 'نزوح' or 'تهجير' are often used.

Use Mnemonics

Create associations, like 'Hajra sounds like 'hitch a ride' to a new country', to make the word more memorable.

Understand Historical Context

Knowing about the Hijra of Prophet Muhammad adds depth to your understanding of the word 'هجرة' and its importance in Islamic culture.

Write Sentences

Actively try to write sentences using 'هجرة' in different contexts – discussing reasons, impacts, or types of migration.

Compare with Synonyms

Understanding words like 'نزوح' and 'انتقال' helps you choose the most precise term for different types of human movement.

Discuss Current Events

Engage in conversations about global migration issues, using 'هجرة' to express your understanding of these complex topics.

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine someone 'hugging' their home country goodbye before 'جر' (jar - pulling) themselves away to a new land. The 'hij' sounds like 'hug', and 'ra' sounds like 'away' or 'jarring' departure.

视觉联想

Picture a large ship or airplane carrying many people away from a familiar shore towards a new, unknown land. The word 'Hajra' can be written on the side of the ship, symbolizing the journey.

Word Web

Migration Moving Leaving home New country Work Opportunity Safety Journey

挑战

Try to explain the concept of 'هجرة' to someone using only five simple sentences, focusing on the reasons and destination. Make sure to use the word 'هجرة' at least twice.

词源

The word 'هجرة' originates from the Arabic root ه-ج-ر (h-j-r), which broadly relates to leaving, abandoning, or separating from something. This root carries connotations of moving away from a place or state.

原始含义： The core meaning of the root ه-ج-ر is 'to leave', 'to abandon', 'to depart from'. In the context of migration, it signifies leaving one's homeland or place of residence.

Semitic

文化背景

The term 'هجرة' can be sensitive, especially when referring to forced migration or irregular migration, as it often involves stories of hardship, loss, and difficult journeys. When discussing migration, it's important to be mindful of the human element and avoid generalizations or judgmental language.

In English-speaking contexts, migration is often discussed in terms of immigration, emigration, refugees, and asylum seekers. The Arabic term 'هجرة' encompasses these concepts but also carries historical and religious weight, particularly the specific event of the Hijra.

The Hijra of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina (622 CE). The historical Arab migrations across North Africa and into the Iberian Peninsula. Contemporary news coverage of refugee crises and labor migration from the Middle East and North Africa.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Discussing global news and current events related to refugee crises or international labor movements.

  • <strong>الهجرة</strong> غير الشرعية
  • <strong>الهجرة</strong> الجماعية
  • أسباب <strong>الهجرة</strong>
  • تأثير <strong>الهجرة</strong>

Talking about personal life changes, such as moving to a new city or country for work or family.

  • <strong>الهجرة</strong> إلى [country]
  • <strong>الهجرة</strong> من [country]
  • <strong>الهجرة</strong> بحثًا عن حياة أفضل
  • <strong>الهجرة</strong> الدائمة

Academic discussions in social studies, history, or economics about population shifts and their consequences.

  • <strong>الهجرة</strong> الاقتصادية
  • <strong>الهجرة</strong> القسرية
  • سياسات <strong>الهجرة</strong>
  • <strong>الهجرة</strong> والسكان

Debating immigration policies and their social or economic impacts.

  • <strong>الهجرة</strong> والتنمية
  • <strong>الهجرة</strong> والديموغرافيا
  • <strong>الهجرة</strong> والاندماج

Sharing personal stories or family histories related to moving or relocating.

  • <strong>الهجرة</strong> العكسية
  • <strong>الهجرة</strong> إلى أرض الأجداد
  • قصص <strong>الهجرة</strong>

对话开场白

"What are some of the main reasons people choose to migrate today?"

"How does migration impact the countries people leave behind?"

"What are the biggest challenges faced by people during migration?"

"Can you think of any historical examples of significant migration?"

"How do you think governments should manage migration effectively?"

日记主题

Write about a hypothetical scenario where you have to migrate to a new country. What would be your reasons, and what challenges do you anticipate?

Reflect on the concept of 'homeland'. What does it mean to you, and how might the idea of migration change that meaning?

Imagine you are a news reporter covering a story about migration. What aspects would you focus on to provide a comprehensive picture?

Consider the ethical implications of migration. What responsibilities do individuals and nations have towards migrants?

Write a short story about a family undertaking a significant migration, focusing on their hopes and fears.

常见问题

10 个问题

'هجرة' (Hajra) refers to migration, which is the movement of people from one place to another with the intention of settling permanently or for an extended period, often across international borders. Travel, on the other hand, is usually temporary, for tourism, business, or visiting, and does not imply a change of residence or settlement. Think of 'هجرة' as a life-changing move, while travel is a temporary journey.

Yes, 'هجرة' can be used for internal migration (الهجرة الداخلية - Al-Hajra Al-Dakhiliyya), where people move from one region or city to another within their own country. However, it often carries a connotation of a significant move, and sometimes more specific terms like 'انتقال' (movement/transfer) might be used for less significant internal moves. But 'هجرة' is certainly applicable to large-scale internal population shifts.

The primary reasons for 'هجرة' are often economic (seeking better job opportunities, higher wages, escaping poverty), social (reuniting with family, better education, better quality of life), political (escaping conflict, persecution, or instability), and environmental (natural disasters, climate change). These are often referred to as 'push' factors (reasons to leave) and 'pull' factors (reasons to go to a new place).

No, 'هجرة' is not inherently negative. While it can involve hardship and loss for migrants and challenges for host countries, it can also lead to economic growth, cultural enrichment, and the spread of ideas. It's a complex phenomenon with both positive and negative aspects, depending on the context and perspective.

The most significant 'هجرة' in Islamic history is the Hijra of Prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE. This event was pivotal for the early Muslim community, allowing them to practice their faith freely and establish a new society. It also marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar (Anno Hegirae).

A male migrant is called 'مهاجر' (muhajir), and a female migrant is 'مهاجرة' (muhajira). The plural for male migrants is 'مهاجرون' (muhajirun).

'هجرة' is the general term for migration. A 'refugee' (لاجئ - laji') is someone who has been forced to leave their country, typically due to war, persecution, or violence, and is seeking asylum. Seeking refuge is a specific type of forced 'هجرة'.

Not necessarily. 'هجرة' can be permanent (الهجرة الدائمة - Al-Hajra Al-Da'ima) or temporary (الهجرة المؤقتة - Al-Hajra Al-Mu'aqqata), such as for work or study, with the intention of returning. However, it generally implies a more significant move than just a short trip.

'Brain drain' is translated as 'الهجرة الدماغية' (Al-Hajra Al-Dimaghiyya). It refers to the emigration of highly skilled or educated individuals from a country.

Yes, 'هجرة' can be used metaphorically to describe a significant shift or departure from a previous state or way of thinking, although this is less common than its literal meaning. For example, one might speak of a 'هجرة' from old ideas to new ones.

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