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B1 noun 11分钟阅读

overskudsforretning

例句
解析 overskudsforretning in your Level:
At level A1, you are just starting to learn Danish. The word 'overskudsforretning' is quite long and difficult, so don't worry if you can't use it yet. It is made of two parts: 'overskud' and 'forretning'. 'Overskud' means 'extra money' or 'profit'. 'Forretning' means 'business' or 'shop'. So, an 'overskudsforretning' is a shop or business that makes money. If you have a small shop and you sell many things, and you have more money at the end of the day than you started with, you have an 'overskudsforretning'. In English, we just say 'a profitable business'. You might hear this word on the news. Even at A1, you can recognize 'forretning' because it looks like 'furniture' or 'fortune' but it actually means 'business'. Just remember: plus money = overskud. A shop = forretning. Together they make a big word for a good business. You can say: 'Det er en god forretning.' This is a simpler way to say it at your level. Danish words can be very long because we put many small words together. This is called a compound word. It is a very common thing in Danish. When you see a long word, try to break it into small pieces. 'Over' + 'skud' + 's' + 'forretning'. 'Over' is the same as in English. 'Skud' is like a 'shot' or an 'amount'. 'S' is just a linker. 'Forretning' is the business. If you remember these pieces, the big word is not so scary. You will often see this word in the city on signs or in newspapers. If a business is closing, it is usually because it is NOT an overskudsforretning. If a business is opening many new shops, it is a very good overskudsforretning. Learning this word now will help you later when you talk about jobs or money in Denmark. It is a very 'adult' word, but very useful! Keep practicing your small words first, and soon you will be able to say 'overskudsforretning' perfectly. Good luck with your Danish!
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At the A2 level, you can begin to understand how Danish compounds work. 'Overskudsforretning' is a great example of how Danish combines concepts to create specific meanings. You already know 'en forretning' (a shop/business). Now you add 'overskud' (profit). When a business makes more money than it spends, it is an overskudsforretning. This is a very useful word if you want to talk about work or the economy. You can use it in simple sentences like: 'Min vens firma er en overskudsforretning.' (My friend's company is a profitable business). You can also use it to describe a good deal. If you buy a bike for 200 kroner and sell it for 500 kroner, that was an overskudsforretning for you! In Denmark, we use the word 'overskud' a lot for personal energy too, but when it's part of 'overskudsforretning', it almost always refers to money or value. Notice that we use the article 'en' because 'forretning' is a common gender noun. The plural is 'overskudsforretninger'. If you are looking for a job, you probably want to work in an overskudsforretning because they have more money for salaries! You will hear this word in basic business news or when people talk about their hobbies that make money. For example, if you sell cakes at a market and you make a profit, you can say: 'Det er en lille overskudsforretning.' It sounds very professional to use this word. It shows you understand how the Danish economy is described. Try to practice saying the word slowly: o-ver-skuds-for-ret-ning. The 's' in the middle is important! It links the two main words together. Without the 's', it sounds like two separate words. In Danish, we like to glue words together to make one specific meaning. This is a big part of reaching the next level of Danish. Keep an eye out for this word in advertisements or local newspapers. It is a very common and positive word in the world of commerce.
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As a B1 learner, you should be comfortable using compound nouns like 'overskudsforretning' in your daily vocabulary. This word is essential for discussing professional topics, investments, and the general success of ventures. At this level, you should understand that 'overskudsforretning' is not just a literal 'shop with profit' but a broader term for any project that yields a positive return. For instance, you might use it in a discussion about environmental policy: 'Er genbrug en overskudsforretning for miljøet?' (Is recycling a profitable venture for the environment?). This shows you can use the word metaphorically. You should also be aware of its opposite: 'en underskudsforretning' (a loss-making business). Comparing these two is a common way to analyze situations in Danish. Grammatically, remember the linking 's'. This 'fuge-s' is a common feature in Danish compounds when the first part is a noun that has its own sub-parts. You should also be able to use adjectives with it, such as 'en solid overskudsforretning' or 'en voksende overskudsforretning'. In a work context, you might hear your boss say: 'Vi skal gøre denne afdeling til en overskudsforretning inden næste år.' This means there is a goal to reach profitability. B1 is the level where you start to nuances your language, so try to use 'overskudsforretning' instead of just saying 'de tjener penge' (they earn money). It sounds more precise and sophisticated. You will find this word frequently in the 'Erhverv' (business) section of newspapers. When reading, look for how it's used to describe startups or established companies like LEGO. Understanding this word also helps you understand the Danish mindset regarding 'overskud'—which is highly valued both in a financial sense and as a sign of a well-run, sustainable system. Practice using it in your writing exercises when you describe your career goals or your favorite local businesses.
At the B2 level, 'overskudsforretning' should be a natural part of your professional and academic Danish. You are expected to understand the finer nuances of the word, including its socio-economic implications. In Denmark, a 'sund overskudsforretning' (a healthy profitable business) is a term used to describe companies that not only make a profit but do so in a way that is sustainable and ethically sound. At this level, you can use the word to engage in complex debates. For example, you could discuss whether the Danish healthcare system should be run like an 'overskudsforretning' or if that would compromise patient care. This involves using the word to represent a 'business-minded approach' to public services. You should also be familiar with related financial terms like 'overskudsgrad' (profit margin), 'regnskab' (account/statement), and 'afkast' (return/yield). When you hear 'overskudsforretning' in a podcast or a news report, you should be able to identify whether the speaker is using it literally (financial profit) or figuratively (a worthwhile endeavor). For instance, 'Det er en overskudsforretning for sjælen at gå en tur i skoven' (It's a profitable venture for the soul to take a walk in the forest) is a more poetic, advanced use of the term. You should also be careful with the word's placement in subordinate clauses: 'Selvom firmaet i starten var en underskudsforretning, endte det med at blive en stor overskudsforretning.' Notice the flow and the contrast. At B2, you should also be able to recognize when the word is used sarcastically. If someone says 'Det var da en god overskudsforretning' after losing money on a bet, they are using irony. Mastering this level of Danish means being able to pick up on these tonal shifts. Use the word in your presentations or formal emails when discussing project outcomes or financial goals. It is a strong, definitive word that carries authority in a Danish professional setting.
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At the C1 level, your understanding of 'overskudsforretning' should be comprehensive, encompassing its technical, metaphorical, and cultural dimensions. You should be able to analyze the word's role within the broader Danish discourse on the 'velfærdsstat' (welfare state) and 'markedsøkonomi' (market economy). Often, the term 'overskudsforretning' is at the heart of political tension: should state-owned enterprises like DSB (Danish State Railways) be an 'overskudsforretning', or is their primary purpose 'samfundsgavn' (societal benefit)? You should be able to use the word fluently in such high-level discussions. Furthermore, you should be adept at using the word in complex grammatical structures, such as 'Den pågældende virksomhed har, trods indledende modgang, formået at transformere sig til en yderst lukrativ overskudsforretning.' Here, you are combining it with advanced adverbs and verbs. You should also understand the lexical field around the word, distinguishing it from 'rentabilitet', 'profitabilitet', and 'indtjeningspotentiale'. While 'overskudsforretning' refers to the entity itself, these other terms refer to the quality or potential of the profit. In a C1 level essay or report, you might use the word to criticize or praise a strategy: 'Strategien hviler på den præmis, at kerneforretningen forbliver en overskudsforretning under hele omstillingsprocessen.' You should also be aware of the historical context—how the word has evolved from a simple trade term to a ubiquitous metaphor for 'anything worth doing'. In literature or high-end journalism, you might see it used to describe human relationships or historical events, where the 'profit' is measured in influence or cultural capital. At this stage, you should not only use the word correctly but also understand its weight in a sentence—it is a word that denotes success, viability, and often, a certain level of pragmatic Danish satisfaction. Your pronunciation should be flawless, including the subtle linking 's' and the correct prosody of the compound.
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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of 'overskudsforretning' and can manipulate its usage for rhetorical effect in any context. You understand that the word carries a certain 'pragmatic optimism' inherent in Danish culture. In academic or philosophical discourse, you might examine the 'commodification of existence' by looking at how the term 'overskudsforretning' has permeated non-commercial spheres of life, such as education, art, and personal well-being. You should be able to critique the linguistic trend where everything must be an 'overskudsforretning' to be deemed valuable. Your usage should reflect a deep understanding of Danish morphology; you might even create your own occasionalisms or related compounds to prove a point (e.g., 'mental overskudsforretning'). In a professional or legal setting, you understand the precise implications of calling a subsidiary an 'overskudsforretning' in a financial statement or a contract. You are also aware of the word's synonyms in other Nordic languages and how the Danish 'overskud' differs slightly from the Swedish 'överskott' or Norwegian 'overskudd' in its metaphorical breadth. Your ability to use the word in the passive voice, in complex inversions, or within highly technical financial analyses is absolute. For instance: 'Det lader sig vanskeligt gøre at opretholde overbevisningen om projektets levedygtighed, såfremt det ikke inden for en overskuelig tidshorisont kan dokumenteres at udgøre en reel overskudsforretning.' This sentence demonstrates total mastery of syntax and vocabulary. You can also detect the most subtle ironies and cultural references involving the word, such as its use in satirical TV shows like 'Rytteriet' or in the lyrics of Danish songwriters who comment on modern life. At C2, 'overskudsforretning' is not just a word you know; it is a tool you use to navigate and influence the Danish linguistic landscape with precision, nuance, and cultural depth.
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例句
The Danish word overskudsforretning is a compound noun that serves as a cornerstone in both the financial and everyday metaphorical landscape of the Danish language. At its most literal level, it refers to a business, enterprise, or commercial activity that generates more income than expenses, thereby producing a profit (overskud). However, its usage extends far beyond the walls of a corporate boardroom. In Denmark, a culture that values efficiency and 'hygge' but also pragmatism, calling something an overskudsforretning implies that the effort invested is well worth the result.
Literal Meaning
A business entity that yields a financial surplus.
Metaphorical Usage
An activity or relationship that provides more energy, happiness, or benefit than the stress it causes.
Etymological Breakdown
'Over' (over/surplus) + 'skud' (shot/amount) + 's' (possessive) + 'forretning' (business).
When a Dane uses this word, they are often making a value judgment. If a local sports club manages to host a tournament that not only brings the community together but also leaves the club with extra funds for new equipment, that event is deemed an overskudsforretning. It suggests a sense of health and sustainability. Unlike just 'profit', this word carries the weight of the entire 'business' or 'deal' being successful.

Det nye bageri i midtbyen har vist sig at være en rigtig overskudsforretning fra dag ét.

In a broader sense, you might hear this word in political debates. If a government proposes a new infrastructure project, critics and supporters will argue over whether the social and economic gains will eventually make the project an overskudsforretning for society. It implies a long-term perspective.

Investeringen i grøn energi er en overskudsforretning for fremtidige generationer.

Furthermore, the word appears frequently in the financial sections of Danish newspapers like Børsen or Jyllands-Posten. It is the gold standard for a startup transitioning from the 'burn rate' phase to actual viability. When a company is no longer bleeding money, it has finally become an overskudsforretning.

Efter tre svære år er virksomheden endelig blevet en overskudsforretning.

At købe aktier i det firma viste sig at være en glimrende overskudsforretning.

Context: Entrepreneurship
Used to describe the moment a venture becomes profitable.
Context: Personal Finance
Used to describe a smart purchase or investment, like buying a house that increases in value.
To summarize, this word is about the 'plus' side of life. Whether it is money in the bank or value added to a community, an overskudsforretning is something everyone wants to be part of. It reflects the Danish ideal of 'ordentlighed' (decency/properness) in business—where things are run so well that they naturally produce a surplus.

Det er ikke bare en hobby; det er en reel overskudsforretning.

Using overskudsforretning correctly requires an understanding of Danish noun syntax and the specific way 'forretning' functions as a common gender noun (fælleskøn). Since it ends in 'en' (en forretning), it takes the indefinite article 'en' and the definite suffix '-en'. When constructing sentences, it usually occupies the position of the complement after the verb 'at være' (to be) or 'at blive' (to become).
Grammar Rule 1: Articles
Indefinite: 'en overskudsforretning'. Definite: 'overskudsforretningen'.
Grammar Rule 2: Plurals
Indefinite Plural: 'overskudsforretninger'. Definite Plural: 'overskudsforretningerne'.
In professional writing, you will often see it paired with adjectives like 'solid', 'stabil', or 'voksende'. For example, 'En solid overskudsforretning' implies a business with a long track record of profit. If you are discussing a business that is struggling, you might say it is 'langt fra at være en overskudsforretning' (far from being a profitable business).

Projektet blev hurtigt en overskudsforretning takket være god ledelse.

You can also use the word in the negative to express disappointment or a bad investment. 'Det viste sig at være en dårlig overskudsforretning' is a bit redundant but used for emphasis, whereas 'Det er slet ikke en overskudsforretning' is a direct way to say it's losing money.

De håber på, at den nye app vil blive en overskudsforretning inden årets udgang.

In complex sentences, overskudsforretning often acts as the result of a conditional clause. 'Hvis vi skærer ned på omkostningerne, kan vi gøre det til en overskudsforretning.' (If we cut costs, we can make it a profitable business). Note the use of 'gøre det til' (make it into), which is the standard way to describe transforming a situation.

Det kræver hårdt arbejde at skabe en overskudsforretning i denne branche.

Common Verbs used with this word
At drive (to run), at skabe (to create), at sikre (to ensure), at vende (to turn around).
For advanced learners, consider how the word fits into the passive voice or more abstract constructions. 'Overskudsforretningen blev sikret gennem massive besparelser.' (The profit-making business was secured through massive savings). Here, the definite form indicates we are talking about a specific, previously mentioned entity.

Selv om det er en lille butik, er det en sund overskudsforretning.

Finally, remember that the word is a single unit. In English, you use two words ('profitable business'), but in Danish, we love compounds. Do not put a space between 'overskuds' and 'forretning'.

Vores mål er at gøre hver eneste afdeling til en overskudsforretning.

The word overskudsforretning is ubiquitous in Danish society, appearing in settings ranging from high-stakes financial news to casual conversations about side hustles. If you turn on the radio to DR's 'P1 Business' or watch 'Løvens Hule' (the Danish version of Shark Tank/Dragons' Den), you will hear investors asking entrepreneurs: 'Er det her en overskudsforretning, eller er det bare et dyrt projekt?' (Is this a profitable business, or just an expensive project?). This highlights the word's role as a benchmark for viability.
In the Media
Used in headlines to report on annual results of major Danish companies like LEGO, Maersk, or Novo Nordisk.
In Local Politics
Used when debating public utilities, like whether public transport should be an overskudsforretning or a subsidized service.
Beyond the professional world, you might hear it at a dinner party. If a friend has spent months renovating a summer house and finally sells it, someone might ask: 'Blev det en overskudsforretning?' (Did it turn out to be a profitable venture?). Here, it's not just about the money, but also about whether the sweat equity was worth it.

Mange frygter, at PostNord aldrig bliver en overskudsforretning igen.

In the educational sector, universities often discuss whether certain degree programs are an overskudsforretning for the state in the long run, considering the taxes graduates will pay. This shows the word's flexibility in describing 'societal profit' rather than just 'monetary profit'.

Uddannelse ses ofte som en langsigtet overskudsforretning for samfundet.

You will also see this word in marketing. A company might advertise a product by saying: 'Gør dit hjem til en overskudsforretning med vores solceller' (Make your home a profitable business with our solar panels). This is a clever play on words, suggesting that the home will generate more value than it costs to run.

Det er en overskudsforretning at investere i god isolering.

In Sports
Discussing whether buying a star player was a 'good business' based on jersey sales and performance.
Finally, in the tech world, Danish developers use it to describe features that are 'profitable' in terms of user retention versus development time. 'Denne feature er en overskudsforretning, fordi den var nem at lave og brugerne elsker den.'

For de fleste er det en overskudsforretning at tage en videregående uddannelse.

The most frequent mistake learners make with overskudsforretning is confusing the financial 'overskud' (profit) with the personal 'overskud' (energy/mental capacity). In Danish, if you say 'Jeg har ikke overskud', it means 'I don't have the energy/headspace to do this'. Learners sometimes mistakenly think an overskudsforretning is a business that gives you energy, which is a poetic but technically incorrect interpretation. It's about money and value, not your personal mood.
Mistake 1: Splitting the word
Writing 'overskuds forretning' or 'overskud forretning'. In Danish, compound nouns must be written as one word.
Mistake 2: Gender Confusion
Using 'et' instead of 'en'. It's 'en forretning', so it's 'en overskudsforretning'.
Another common error is using 'overskudsforretning' when you actually mean 'indtjening' (earnings) or 'omsætning' (turnover). A business can have a massive 'omsætning' (revenue) but still not be an overskudsforretning because its costs are even higher. Using the word correctly implies that the final calculation results in a plus.

Mange forveksler stor omsætning med en god overskudsforretning.

Learners also struggle with the plural form. Because it's a long word, the ending can get lost. Remember it's '-er' for plural. 'Vi har flere overskudsforretninger i vores portefølje.'

Det er en fejl at tro, at alle butikker er overskudsforretninger.

Mistake 3: Overusing it for small things
While you can use it metaphorically, using it for something very minor (like finding 5 kroner on the street) sounds sarcastic or overly dramatic.
Finally, avoid confusing it with 'underskudsforretning'. This is the exact opposite—a business that loses money. In news reports, these two are often pitted against each other. If you say a company is an 'underskudsforretning', you are saying it is a failing venture.

Det startede som en underskudsforretning, men nu er det en overskudsforretning.

One last mistake is forgetting the 's'. 'Overskudforretning' is incorrect. That 's' is the possessive 's' that acts as a glue in Danish compound nouns. Without it, the word sounds broken to a native speaker.

Husk altid s'et i overskudsforretning.

While overskudsforretning is the most common and direct term for a profitable business, Danish offers several synonyms and related terms depending on the nuance you want to convey. If you want to emphasize that something is extremely profitable, you might call it a 'guldgrube' (gold mine). This is more informal and suggests a very high return on investment.
Guldgrube
Literal: Gold mine. Usage: Informally describing a business that makes a lot of money very easily.
Profitabel virksomhed
More academic/formal. 'Virksomhed' is often used instead of 'forretning' in corporate contexts.
Rentabel
An adjective meaning 'profitable' or 'viable'. You would say 'Forretningen er rentabel'.
If the focus is on the fact that the business is financially sound and stable, 'en sund forretning' (a healthy business) is a common alternative. This implies not just profit, but also good management and lack of debt.

Denne webshop er blevet en sand guldgrube for ejeren.

In a more casual setting, if something is a good deal or pays off, you might use 'det kan betale sig' (it pays off). While not a direct synonym for the noun, it expresses the same result. For example, 'Det er en overskudsforretning at isolere' is similar to 'Det kan betale sig at isolere'.

Det er en sund forretning med en stabil kundekreds.

For more technical financial discussions, you might use 'givtigt' (lucrative/fruitful). 'En givtig investering' is an investment that yields a good return.

Investeringen i aktier har været yderst givtig.

Comparison: Forretning vs. Virksomhed
'Forretning' often implies a shop or a specific trade. 'Virksomhed' is the broader term for a company or corporation.
Finally, if you want to be very specific about the type of profit, you might hear 'en god forretning' (a good business/deal) or 'en lukrativ aftale' (a lucrative deal). Use overskudsforretning when you want to be precise about the financial surplus aspect. It is the most robust and descriptive word for a business that is simply 'making money'.

Det er vigtigt at adskille en hobby fra en reel overskudsforretning.

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按水平分级的例句

1

Min butik er en overskudsforretning.

My shop is a profitable business.

Simple subject-verb-complement structure.

2

Er det en god overskudsforretning?

Is it a good profitable business?

Question form using 'er det'.

3

Det er ikke en overskudsforretning.

It is not a profitable business.

Negative sentence with 'ikke'.

4

Han har en lille overskudsforretning.

He has a small profitable business.

Use of the adjective 'lille' with the noun.

5

Vi vil have en overskudsforretning.

We want to have a profitable business.

Using the modal verb 'vil' (want).

6

Hendes firma er en overskudsforretning.

Her company is a profitable business.

Possessive pronoun 'hendes'.

7

En overskudsforretning giver penge.

A profitable business gives money.

Simple present tense 'giver'.

8

Jeg ser en overskudsforretning.

I see a profitable business.

Basic transitive verb 'ser'.

1

Det blev hurtigt en overskudsforretning.

It quickly became a profitable business.

Use of 'blev' (became) and adverb 'hurtigt'.

2

Min far ejer en sund overskudsforretning.

My father owns a healthy profitable business.

The adjective 'sund' (healthy) is common in business Danish.

3

De prøver at skabe en overskudsforretning.

They are trying to create a profitable business.

Infinitive phrase 'at skabe' (to create).

4

Uden kunder er det ingen overskudsforretning.

Without customers, it is no profitable business.

Prepositional phrase 'uden kunder'.

5

Det er vigtigt at have en overskudsforretning.

It is important to have a profitable business.

Dummy subject 'det' with adjective 'vigtigt'.

6

Hvorfor er firmaet ikke en overskudsforretning?

Why is the company not a profitable business?

Question word 'hvorfor'.

7

Denne app er en god overskudsforretning.

This app is a good profitable business.

Demonstrative pronoun 'denne'.

8

De tjener penge, så det er en overskudsforretning.

They earn money, so it is a profitable business.

Conjunction 'så' (so/therefore).

1

Investeringen viste sig at være en overskudsforretning.

The investment turned out to be a profitable business.

The idiom 'viste sig at være' (turned out to be).

2

Vi skal gøre projektet til en overskudsforretning.

We must make the project into a profitable business.

The construction 'gøre noget til noget' (make something into something).

3

Selv om det er svært, er det en overskudsforretning.

Even though it is difficult, it is a profitable business.

Subordinate clause starting with 'selv om' (even though).

4

Det er en overskudsforretning for både os og dem.

It is a profitable venture for both us and them.

The correlative conjunction 'både... og' (both... and).

5

Hvis vi sparer penge, bliver det en overskudsforretning.

If we save money, it will become a profitable business.

Conditional sentence with 'hvis' (if).

6

Mange små overskudsforretninger findes i denne by.

Many small profitable businesses are found in this city.

Passive voice 'findes' (are found).

7

Det er en overskudsforretning på lang sigt.

It is a profitable business in the long run.

Prepositional phrase 'på lang sigt'.

8

Virksomheden er nu endelig en overskudsforretning.

The company is now finally a profitable business.

Use of the adverb 'endelig' (finally).

1

Det kræver en solid strategi at skabe en overskudsforretning.

It requires a solid strategy to create a profitable business.

Verb 'kræver' (requires) with an abstract object.

2

Er den nye lufthavn egentlig en overskudsforretning?

Is the new airport actually a profitable venture?

Adverb 'egentlig' (actually/really) used for inquiry.

3

De formåede at vende underskud til en overskudsforretning.

They managed to turn a deficit into a profitable business.

Verb 'formåede' (managed) followed by 'at vende'.

4

Det er en overskudsforretning, der gavner hele samfundet.

It is a profitable business that benefits the whole society.

Relative clause starting with 'der' (that/which).

5

Analysen viser, at det er en sund overskudsforretning.

The analysis shows that it is a healthy profitable business.

Noun clause starting with 'at' (that).

6

Man bør ikke kun se på om det er en overskudsforretning.

One should not only look at whether it is a profitable business.

Modal verb 'bør' (should) and 'om' (whether).

7

Det viste sig at være en yderst lukrativ overskudsforretning.

It turned out to be an extremely lucrative profitable business.

Adverb 'yderst' (extremely) modifying 'lukrativ'.

8

Uden innovation forbliver det næppe en overskudsforretning.

Without innovation, it will hardly remain a profitable business.

Adverb 'næppe' (hardly) and verb 'forbliver' (remains).

1

Spørgsmålet er, om de statslige baner ska

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