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allergisch

A2 adjective #6,000 最常用 8分钟阅读

allergisch

前6,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 allergisch 30秒了解

解析 allergisch in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know the very basics of the word allergisch. It is a word you might use to tell someone about your health in a simple way. You should learn the phrase 'Ich bin allergisch gegen...' followed by a simple noun. For example, 'Ich bin allergisch gegen Katzen' (I am allergic to cats) or 'Ich bin allergisch gegen Milch' (I am allergic to milk). At this stage, don't worry too much about complex grammar. Just focus on the fact that 'allergisch' looks like the English word 'allergic'. This makes it very easy to remember! You might see this word on food packaging or hear it in a restaurant. If a waiter asks you 'Haben Sie Allergien?' (Do you have allergies?), you can answer with 'Ja, ich bin allergisch gegen Nüsse.' This is a very important safety word to know even if you are just starting to learn German. It helps you stay safe when eating out or visiting friends who have pets. Remember that the 'g' in 'allergisch' sounds like a 'sh' sound in some parts of Germany (like 'aller-shish'), but in standard German, it is a hard 'g' followed by 'ish'. Just try to say it clearly. It is one of those 'international' words that will help you feel more confident in your early German conversations.

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At the A2 level, you should start using allergisch with more confidence and better grammar. You should be aware that the preposition 'gegen' always takes the accusative case. This means you need to change the articles of the nouns that follow it. For example, 'der Hund' (the dog) becomes 'gegen den Hund'. You should also learn to use the word in the past tense, such as 'Ich war als Kind allergisch gegen Erdbeeren' (I was allergic to strawberries as a child). At this level, you can also start using the word in its figurative sense to talk about things you really dislike. For example, 'Ich bin allergisch gegen Stress' (I am allergic to stress). This shows that you are moving beyond just basic survival German and starting to express your personality and feelings. You might also encounter the word in more detailed contexts, like reading a short text about health or listening to someone describe their symptoms. Knowing how to decline the adjective when it comes before a noun is also important now: 'eine allergische Reaktion' (an allergic reaction). Practice making short sentences about things you or your friends are allergic to, and pay close attention to the accusative case after 'gegen'. This will help you build a strong foundation for more complex German grammar later on.

By the B1 level, you should be able to use allergisch in a variety of social and professional situations. You should be comfortable discussing health issues in more detail, perhaps during a visit to a German doctor. You might say, 'Ich vermute, dass ich allergisch auf das neue Medikament reagiere' (I suspect I am reacting allergically to the new medication). Notice the use of 'reagieren auf' here, which is a slightly more advanced construction than just 'sein gegen'. You should also be able to understand more complex information about allergies in the news or in health brochures. For instance, you might read about 'die Zunahme allergischer Erkrankungen' (the increase in allergic diseases). At B1, your figurative use of the word can become more nuanced. You might say someone 'reagiert allergisch auf Kritik' (reacts allergically to criticism), which is a common idiom in German workplaces and social circles. You should also be able to distinguish between 'allergisch' and 'unverträglich' (intolerant), as this shows a higher level of vocabulary precision. Your ability to use the word in subordinate clauses should also be solid: 'Da ich gegen Pollen allergisch bin, bleibe ich im Frühling lieber drinnen' (Since I am allergic to pollen, I prefer to stay inside in the spring). This level of fluency allows you to explain the reasons behind your actions and needs more clearly.

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At the B2 level, you are expected to use allergisch with a high degree of accuracy and in more formal contexts. You should be able to participate in discussions about health policy or environmental issues where allergies might be mentioned, such as the impact of climate change on 'Pollenflug' (pollen count). Your vocabulary should include related terms like 'Allergen', 'Sensibilisierung', and 'Antihistaminikum'. You should also be able to use the word in more complex grammatical structures, such as passive voice or with modal verbs: 'Es muss geklärt werden, ob der Patient allergisch reagiert hat' (It must be clarified whether the patient reacted allergically). In your writing, you should be able to use 'allergisch' as an attributive adjective with correct endings in all cases: 'trotz seiner allergischen Veranlagung' (despite his allergic predisposition - genitive case). Figuratively, you can use the word to describe complex social reactions: 'Der Markt reagierte allergisch auf die politischen Unruhen' (The market reacted allergically to the political unrest). This demonstrates an ability to apply the word to abstract concepts like economics or politics. You should also be aware of the different registers; while 'allergisch' is common, in a very formal medical report, you might see 'allergologische Befunde'. Being able to navigate these different levels of formality is a key skill at the B2 level.

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At the C1 level, your understanding of allergisch should be near-native. You should understand the subtle connotations the word carries in different contexts. For example, in a literary text, an 'allergische Reaktion' might be a metaphor for a deep spiritual or existential rejection. You should be able to follow complex medical lectures or read scientific articles that discuss the 'pathophysiologischen Mechanismen allergischer Reaktionen'. Your own use of the word should be effortless, whether you are using it literally or figuratively. You might use it in a debate to dismiss an argument: 'Manche Leute reagieren ja fast schon allergisch auf das Wort Eigenverantwortung' (Some people react almost allergically to the word personal responsibility). This shows a sophisticated grasp of rhetorical irony. You should also be familiar with more obscure compound words and derivatives, such as 'Allergikerfreundlich' (allergy-friendly) or 'Kreuzallergie' (cross-allergy). Your ability to explain the nuances between being 'allergisch', 'hypersensibel', and 'idiosynkratisch' (idiosyncratic) would be expected at this level. You should be able to write detailed reports or essays where you analyze the societal 'Allergie' toward certain changes, using the word as a central metaphor. At C1, the word is no longer just a label for a medical condition but a versatile tool for high-level expression and analysis.

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At the C2 level, you have complete mastery over allergisch and its place in the German language. You can use it with precision in any context, from the most technical scientific discourse to the most creative literary writing. You understand the historical development of the word and its etymological roots (from Greek 'allos' and 'ergon'). You can appreciate and use the word in highly idiomatic or even punny ways in sophisticated conversation. For example, you might engage in a complex socio-linguistic analysis of how the term allergisch has migrated from medicine into the everyday language of emotion and politics. Your use of the word in writing is flawless, reflecting a deep understanding of German syntax and style. You can effortlessly switch between the literal medical sense and the figurative social sense within the same text to create a specific effect. You might also be aware of how the concept of being 'allergisch' is treated in German culture compared to other cultures, perhaps discussing the 'German angst' regarding health and environment. At this level, allergisch is a word you can play with, using it to add color, precision, and depth to your communication. You are capable of understanding any joke, metaphor, or technical nuance associated with the word, making you a truly proficient speaker of German.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

allergisch 30秒了解

Used to describe medical hypersensitivity to substances like food, pollen, or animals, requiring the preposition 'gegen' followed by the accusative case in German.
Frequently used figuratively to express a strong psychological aversion or immediate negative reaction to situations, ideas, or behaviors.
Commonly paired with the verb 'reagieren' plus the preposition 'auf' to describe the manifestation of a physical or emotional response.
An essential word for navigating health, dining, and social interactions in German-speaking countries, with strict legal requirements for its use in food labeling.

The German adjective allergisch is a direct cognate of the English word 'allergic'. At its core, it describes a hypersensitive reaction of the immune system to substances that are typically harmless to most people, such as pollen, dust mites, or certain foods. However, in the German language, its utility extends far beyond the walls of a doctor's office or a pharmacy. Understanding allergisch requires looking at both its biological foundation and its figurative applications in social and psychological contexts. In a medical sense, Germans use this word to specify triggers. For instance, if you are at a restaurant and need to avoid nuts, you would say you are allergisch. The word is almost always paired with the preposition 'gegen' followed by the accusative case. This grammatical structure is vital for clarity. Beyond medicine, allergisch serves as a powerful metaphor for extreme dislike or an immediate negative reaction to a situation, a person, or a concept. If someone says they are allergisch to early mornings, they aren't suggesting a medical condition but rather a deep-seated aversion. This versatility makes it a staple of A2-level German and beyond.

Medical Context: Used to describe physical reactions to allergens like 'Pollen' (pollen), 'Nüsse' (nuts), or 'Tierhaare' (animal hair).

Ich bin extrem allergisch gegen Erdnüsse, also muss ich vorsichtig sein.

Figurative Context: Used to express a strong psychological or emotional aversion to something, such as 'Lügen' (lies) or 'Hektik' (hecticness).

Er reagiert allergisch auf Kritik jeglicher Art.

Scientific Register: In clinical settings, it describes the 'IgE-vermittelte Reaktion', involving specific antibodies and histamines.

Die allergische Reaktion trat unmittelbar nach dem Kontakt mit dem Wirkstoff ein.

Sind Sie allergisch gegen Penicillin?

Viele Menschen sind im Frühling allergisch gegen Gräserpollen.

In summary, whether you are discussing your health with a 'Hausarzt' (GP) or expressing your disdain for 'Bürokratie' (bureaucracy), this word is indispensable. It bridges the gap between technical medical terminology and everyday idiomatic expression, allowing for a nuanced description of sensitivity.

Using allergisch correctly in German requires a solid grasp of its syntactic environment. The most important rule to memorize is that it functions as a predicative or attributive adjective, but its most frequent use involves a prepositional object. When you want to say you are allergic to something, you use the construction: [Subject] + [verb 'sein'] + [allergisch] + [gegen] + [Accusative Object]. For example, 'Ich bin allergisch gegen Katzen' (I am allergic to cats). Note that 'Katzen' is in the plural accusative here. If the object is masculine singular, like 'der Staub' (the dust), it becomes 'gegen den Staub'. This 'gegen' + Accusative pattern is non-negotiable for medical allergies. However, if you are using the word to describe an immediate reaction, you might use the verb 'reagieren' (to react). In this case, the preposition changes to 'auf' + Accusative: 'Er reagiert allergisch auf Pollen.' This subtle shift from 'being' to 'reacting' is common in both clinical and casual speech.

The 'Sein' Construction: Subject + sein + allergisch + gegen + Accusative. This describes a state of having an allergy.

Bist du allergisch gegen Wespenstiche?

The 'Reagieren' Construction: Subject + reagieren + allergisch + auf + Accusative. This describes the manifestation of the allergy.

Mein Körper reagiert allergisch auf das neue Waschmittel.

Haben Sie eine allergische Erkrankung in der Familie?

Figurative Usage: Often used with 'auf' to describe a mental reaction: 'Sie reagiert allergisch auf Unpünktlichkeit.'

Ich bin allergisch gegen dumme Sprüche.

Die Katze hat eine allergische Hautreizung.

In complex sentences, allergisch can be modified by adverbs to show intensity: 'hochgradig allergisch' (highly allergic) or 'leicht allergisch' (slightly allergic). This precision is vital in medical reporting. When writing, remember that as an adjective, it is not capitalized unless it starts a sentence. In spoken German, the stress is on the second syllable: al-LER-gisch. Mastering these patterns will allow you to communicate your needs clearly and effectively in a variety of German-speaking environments, from the 'Apotheke' to a dinner party.

In German-speaking countries, the word allergisch is ubiquitous, appearing in high-stakes medical situations and low-stakes social banter alike. In the 'Gastronomie' (catering industry), you will hear it constantly. Due to strict EU regulations, waiters in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland are trained to ask or answer questions about 'Allergene'. You might hear a waiter ask, 'Sind Sie gegen irgendetwas allergisch?' (Are you allergic to anything?) before a multi-course meal. In pharmacies (Apotheken), customers often use the word when seeking 'Antihistaminika' or 'Nasenspray' during the 'Heuschnupfen' (hay fever) season. The word is also a staple of morning weather forecasts, which often include a 'Pollenflug-Vorhersage' for those who are allergisch. Beyond these practical uses, you'll encounter the word in workplace environments. A boss might say they are allergisch to 'Ausreden' (excuses), signaling that they have zero tolerance for them. In talk shows or political debates, commentators might observe that the public 'reagiert allergisch auf Steuererhöhungen' (reacts allergically to tax increases). This usage highlights the word's role in describing societal sensitivities. Children are taught this word early, especially if they have classmates with nut allergies, making it a part of the basic vocabulary for safety and empathy in schools. In the media, health magazines frequently feature articles on how to live with 'allergischen Reaktionen' or how to identify if a child is allergisch. Even in literature, the word can be used to describe a character's visceral rejection of a particular ideology or aesthetic. Whether you are reading a menu, a medical form, or a satirical column in 'Der Spiegel', allergisch is a key term for navigating the nuances of German life and thought. It is a word that connects the physical body with the social body, making it a fascinating study in linguistic application.

One of the most frequent errors English speakers make with allergisch is choosing the wrong preposition. In English, we say 'allergic TO', but in German, you must use 'gegen' (against) or 'auf' (upon/to). Saying 'allergisch zu' is a classic 'Denglisch' mistake that sounds very unnatural to native ears. Another common pitfall involves the case following the preposition. Both 'gegen' and 'auf' (in this context) take the accusative case. Learners often mistakenly use the dative, saying 'gegen dem Hund' instead of the correct 'gegen den Hund'. A third mistake is confusing allergisch with 'unverträglich' (intolerant). While they are related, 'unverträglich' is used for things like 'Laktoseintoleranz' (lactose intolerance), where the immune system isn't involved in the same way. Calling a lactose intolerance an 'Allergie' is technically incorrect and can lead to confusion in a medical context. Additionally, learners sometimes forget to decline the adjective when it's used before a noun. You must say 'meine allergische Reaktion' (feminine nominative) and not just 'meine allergisch Reaktion'. Finally, there is the issue of word order. In a subordinate clause, the verb 'sein' or 'reagieren' must move to the end, which can be tricky when combined with a prepositional phrase: '..., weil ich gegen Nüsse allergisch bin.' Avoiding these mistakes requires practice with the accusative case and a conscious effort to 'un-link' the English 'to' from the German concept of allergies. By focusing on the 'gegen + Accusative' formula, you will significantly improve your accuracy and sound much more like a native speaker.

While allergisch is the most common term, several other words occupy a similar semantic space. Understanding these can help you be more precise.

Unverträglich: This means 'intolerant' or 'incompatible'. It is used for food intolerances like 'Laktoseunverträglichkeit'. If something 'bekommt mir nicht gut' (doesn't agree with me), you might use this word instead of allergisch.

Empfindlich: This means 'sensitive'. You might have 'empfindliche Haut' (sensitive skin) without being allergisch to a specific substance. It is a milder term.

Überempfindlich: This means 'hypersensitive'. It is often used in a medical context to describe a heightened state of sensitivity that might not yet be a full-blown allergy, or in a psychological context for someone who is 'thin-skinned'.

Sensibilisiert: This is a more technical term meaning 'sensitized'. It describes the process by which the body becomes allergisch after initial contact with a substance.

Aversiv: A more formal, psychological term for having a strong dislike. While allergisch is used colloquially for dislike, 'aversiv' is found in academic or formal writing.

Choosing between these depends on whether you are describing a biological mechanism, a general sensitivity, or a purely emotional reaction. For instance, you wouldn't say you are 'unverträglich' to cats; you are 'allergisch' to them. Conversely, you wouldn't usually say you are allergisch to gluten if it just causes bloating; 'glutenunverträglich' is more accurate. Mastering these distinctions will make your German sound much more sophisticated and precise.

How Formal Is It?

正式

中性

非正式

Child friendly

俚语

趣味小知识

When the word was first coined, it was meant to describe both positive (immunity) and negative (hypersensitivity) changes, but today it only refers to the negative ones.

发音指南

UK /aˈlɛʁɡɪʃ/

US /ɑˈlɛrɡɪʃ/

Second syllable (al-LER-gisch)

押韵词

energetisch alphabetisch ästhetisch synthetisch magnetisch praktisch skeptisch hektisch

常见错误

Pronouncing the 'g' like a 'j' as in French 'allergie'.
Putting the stress on the first syllable.
Pronouncing 'isch' as 'ik'.
Softening the 'g' too much in northern dialects (though 'allersch-ish' is heard, it's not standard).
Failing to shorten the initial 'a'.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Easy to recognize due to English cognate.

写作 4/5

Requires correct preposition 'gegen' and accusative case.

口语 3/5

Pronunciation is mostly straightforward but stress is important.

听力 2/5

Clear sound, though 'isch' can vary by region.

接下来学什么

前置知识

die Krankheit gegen reagieren der Körper das Essen

接下来学习

die Unverträglichkeit das Symptom die Heilung empfindlich vermeiden

高级

die Anaphylaxie die Desensibilisierung das Histamin die Kreuzallergie die Neurodermitis

需要掌握的语法

Prepositions with Accusative

Gegen den Hund (masculine accusative).

Adjective Declension

Eine allergische Reaktion (feminine nominative).

Subordinate Clause Word Order

...weil ich allergisch bin (verb at end).

Verb-Preposition Collocations

Reagieren auf + Accusative.

Compound Noun Formation

Pollen + Allergie = Pollenallergie.

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按水平分级的例句

Ich bin allergisch gegen Katzen.

I am allergic to cats.

Uses 'gegen' + plural accusative.

Bist du allergisch gegen Nüsse?

Are you allergic to nuts?

Question form with 'gegen'.

Er ist allergisch gegen Milch.

He is allergic to milk.

Simple subject-verb-adjective structure.

Wir sind allergisch gegen Hausstaub.

We are allergic to house dust.

Plural subject with 'gegen'.

Sie ist nicht allergisch.

She is not allergic.

Negation with 'nicht'.

Sind Sie allergisch gegen Hunde?

Are you allergic to dogs?

Formal address 'Sie'.

Ich habe eine allergische Reaktion.

I have an allergic reaction.

Attributive use with feminine ending '-e'.

Mein Bruder ist allergisch gegen Eier.

My brother is allergic to eggs.

Possessive pronoun 'mein'.

Ich bin allergisch gegen den Blütenstaub.

I am allergic to the pollen.

Accusative 'den' after 'gegen'.

Früher war ich nicht allergisch gegen Erdbeeren.

I wasn't allergic to strawberries in the past.

Past tense 'war'.

Haben Sie allergische Symptome?

Do you have allergic symptoms?

Plural adjective ending '-e'.

Ich bin allergisch gegen Stress bei der Arbeit.

I am allergic to stress at work.

Figurative use.

Meine Haut reagiert allergisch auf diese Seife.

My skin reacts allergically to this soap.

Verb 'reagieren auf' + accusative.

Bist du gegen irgendetwas allergisch?

Are you allergic to anything?

Pronoun 'irgendetwas'.

Er nimmt Tabletten, weil er allergisch ist.

He takes pills because he is allergic.

Subordinate clause with 'weil'.

Das ist ein allergischer Ausschlag.

That is an allergic rash.

Masculine nominative ending '-er'.

Ich reagiere allergisch auf Tierhaare, besonders auf Katzenhaare.

I react allergically to animal hair, especially cat hair.

Use of 'besonders' for emphasis.

Manche Menschen sind allergisch gegen bestimmte Medikamente.

Some people are allergic to certain medications.

Adjective 'bestimmte' in accusative plural.

Wenn man allergisch ist, sollte man einen Arzt aufsuchen.

If one is allergic, one should see a doctor.

Conditional 'wenn' clause with modal 'sollte'.

Sie reagiert allergisch auf jede Art von Ungerechtigkeit.

She reacts allergically to any kind of injustice.

Abstract figurative use.

In diesem Restaurant gibt es eine Liste für allergische Gäste.

In this restaurant, there is a list for allergic guests.

Attributive adjective in accusative plural.

Ich bin allergisch gegen Gräser, deshalb bleibe ich im Haus.

I am allergic to grasses, therefore I stay in the house.

Conjunction 'deshalb' with verb-second order.

Ist das eine allergische oder eine normale Reaktion?

Is that an allergic or a normal reaction?

Comparison of two adjectives.

Mein Chef reagiert allergisch auf Unpünktlichkeit.

My boss reacts allergically to unpunctuality.

Common workplace idiom.

Die Zahl der Menschen, die allergisch reagieren, steigt stetig.

The number of people who react allergically is rising steadily.

Relative clause 'die allergisch reagieren'.

Es ist wichtig zu wissen, ob man allergisch gegen Penicillin ist.

It is important to know whether one is allergic to penicillin.

Indirect question with 'ob'.

Trotz seiner allergischen Beschwerden geht er gerne wandern.

Despite his allergic complaints, he likes to go hiking.

Genitive case after 'trotz'.

Die Börse reagierte allergisch auf die Nachricht der Zinserhöhung.

The stock market reacted allergically to the news of the interest rate hike.

Economic figurative use.

Er leidet an einer schweren allergischen Asthmaform.

He suffers from a severe form of allergic asthma.

Dative case after 'an'.

Man kann allergisch gegen fast alles werden.

One can become allergic to almost anything.

Modal verb 'kann' + 'werden'.

Die allergische Veranlagung wird oft vererbt.

The allergic predisposition is often inherited.

Passive voice 'wird vererbt'.

Ich bin hochgradig allergisch gegen Bienenstiche.

I am highly allergic to bee stings.

Adverb 'hochgradig' to modify the adjective.

Die allergische Genese der Erkrankung ist noch unklar.

The allergic origin of the disease is still unclear.

Scientific register using 'Genese'.

Er reagiert geradezu allergisch auf jede Form von Bevormundung.

He reacts almost allergically to any form of paternalism.

Adverb 'geradezu' for emphasis.

Es gibt spezielle Hotels für allergische Reisende.

There are special hotels for allergic travelers.

Adjective declension in accusative plural.

Seine allergische Reaktion war so heftig, dass er ins Krankenhaus musste.

His allergic reaction was so violent that he had to go to the hospital.

Consecutive clause with 'so... dass'.

Die Öffentlichkeit reagiert oft allergisch auf mangelnde Transparenz.

The public often reacts allergically to a lack of transparency.

Societal figurative use.

Es ist eine allergische Kreuzreaktion zwischen Birkenpollen und Äpfeln bekannt.

An allergic cross-reaction between birch pollen and apples is known.

Technical term 'Kreuzreaktion'.

In der modernen Gesellschaft sind allergische Leiden weit verbreitet.

Allergic sufferings are widespread in modern society.

Plural noun 'Leiden' with adjective.

Sie hat eine allergische Abneigung gegen oberflächliche Gespräche.

She has an allergic aversion to superficial conversations.

Combination of 'allergisch' and 'Abneigung'.

Die allergologische Forschung hat enorme Fortschritte gemacht.

Allergological research has made enormous progress.

Derived adjective 'allergologisch'.

In seinem neuen Roman thematisiert er die allergische Beziehung des Individuums zur Technik.

In his new novel, he addresses the allergic relationship of the individual to technology.

Highly abstract literary use.

Man muss zwischen einer echten Allergie und einer allergisch anmutenden Unverträglichkeit differenzieren.

One must differentiate between a true allergy and an intolerance that appears allergic.

Adverbial use 'allergisch anmutend'.

Die allergische Diathese beschreibt die Neigung zu Überempfindlichkeitsreaktionen.

The allergic diathesis describes the tendency toward hypersensitivity reactions.

Technical medical term 'Diathese'.

Die Politik reagierte allergisch auf den Vorschlag, die Steuern drastisch zu senken.

The political sphere reacted allergically to the proposal to drastically cut taxes.

Metaphorical use in a political context.

Die allergische Komponente spielt bei dieser Autoimmunerkrankung eine untergeordnete Rolle.

The allergic component plays a subordinate role in this autoimmune disease.

Complex subject with adjective.

Einige Kritiker reagierten geradezu allergisch auf die unkonventionelle Inszenierung des Stücks.

Some critics reacted almost allergically to the unconventional staging of the play.

Die Desensibilisierung ist eine gängige Therapie für allergisch bedingte Beschwerden.

Desensitization is a common therapy for complaints caused by allergies.

Compound adjective 'allergisch bedingt'.

常见搭配

allergisch reagieren

allergischer Schock

gegen etwas allergisch sein

allergische Reaktion

hochgradig allergisch

leicht allergisch

allergische Beschwerden

allergisch bedingt

allergische Veranlagung

allergische Symptome

常用短语

Ich bin allergisch gegen...

— The standard way to announce an allergy.

Ich bin allergisch gegen Erdbeeren.

Allergisch auf Kritik reagieren

— To be very sensitive to being criticized.

Er reagiert immer allergisch auf Kritik.

Eine allergische Reaktion zeigen

— To manifest symptoms of an allergy.

Der Patient zeigte eine allergische Reaktion.

Gegen alles allergisch sein

— To be sensitive to many things (often hyperbolic).

Im Frühling bin ich gefühlt gegen alles allergisch.

Allergisch gegen Lügen sein

— To have a strong moral dislike for lying.

Ich bin allergisch gegen Lügen und Unwahrheiten.

Eine allergische Erkrankung haben

— To suffer from a chronic allergy.

Viele Kinder haben heute eine allergische Erkrankung.

Allergisch auf den Wirkstoff sein

— To be allergic to a specific chemical in medicine.

Prüfen Sie, ob Sie allergisch auf den Wirkstoff sind.

Einen Allergie-Pass haben

— To carry a medical card listing allergies.

Ich habe meinen Allergie-Pass immer dabei.

Allergisch gegen Tierhaare

— A very common specific allergy phrase.

Wir können keinen Hund haben, weil ich allergisch gegen Tierhaare bin.

Allergisch auf Stress

— A common figurative way to say one hates stress.

Mein Körper reagiert allergisch auf zu viel Stress.

容易混淆的词

allergisch vs ansteckend

Allergies are not contagious, but beginners sometimes confuse 'allergic' with 'infectious'.

allergisch vs giftig

Something can be toxic (giftig) without being an allergen; an allergy is an individual reaction.

allergisch vs krank

Being 'allergisch' is a condition, but you aren't necessarily 'krank' (ill) in the traditional sense.

习语与表达

"Allergisch auf jemanden reagieren"

— To find someone's presence or behavior unbearable.

Seit dem Streit reagiert sie allergisch auf ihn.

informal

"Gegen Arbeit allergisch sein"

— A humorous way to say someone is lazy.

Er scheint gegen jede Form von Arbeit allergisch zu sein.

slang

"Allergisch gegen Veränderungen sein"

— To be very resistant to any kind of change.

Die Abteilung reagiert allergisch gegen Veränderungen.

neutral

"Eine allergische Pustel bekommen"

— Sometimes used figuratively for getting annoyed.

Bei diesem Thema bekomme ich eine allergische Pustel.

informal

"Allergisch gegen 'Denglisch' sein"

— To dislike the mixing of German and English.

Manche Sprachschützer sind allergisch gegen Denglisch.

neutral

"Allergisch auf das Wort... reagieren"

— To hate hearing a specific word or concept.

Er reagiert allergisch auf das Wort 'Überstunden'.

neutral

"Gegen Dummheit allergisch sein"

— To have no patience for foolishness.

Ich bin leider allergisch gegen Dummheit.

informal

"Allergisch gegen frühes Aufstehen"

— To be a night owl who hates mornings.

Ich bin morgens einfach allergisch gegen alles.

informal

"Eine allergische Distanz wahren"

— To keep a very large distance from something one dislikes.

Er wahrt eine allergische Distanz zu Social Media.

literary

"Allergisch auf Autorität reagieren"

— To have a rebellious streak against rules.

Teenager reagieren oft allergisch auf Autorität.

neutral

容易混淆

allergisch vs unverträglich

Both involve bad reactions to food.

'Allergisch' involves the immune system; 'unverträglich' is usually a digestive issue.

Laktoseunverträglichkeit vs. Erdnussallergie.

allergisch vs empfindlich

Both describe sensitivity.

'Empfindlich' is general sensitivity; 'allergisch' is a specific medical reaction.

Empfindliche Augen vs. allergische Bindehautentzündung.

allergisch vs sensibel

Cognates with English 'sensible' and 'sensitive'.

'Sensibel' means sensitive (emotional/physical); 'allergisch' is a reaction.

Ein sensibler Junge vs. ein allergischer Junge.

allergisch vs gereizt

Physical irritation can look like an allergy.

'Gereizt' means irritated; 'allergisch' is the cause of the irritation.

Gereizte Haut durch Reibung.

allergisch vs hypochondrisch

Sometimes people who claim many allergies are mocked.

'Hypochondrisch' is a mental health state; 'allergisch' is a physical one.

Er ist nicht hypochondrisch, er ist wirklich allergisch.

句型

Ich bin allergisch gegen [Substantiv].

Ich bin allergisch gegen Katzen.

Bist du gegen [Artikel] [Substantiv] allergisch?

Bist du gegen den Staub allergisch?

Er reagiert allergisch auf [Substantiv].

Er reagiert allergisch auf Pollen.

Ich habe eine allergische [Substantiv].

Ich habe eine allergische Reaktion.

Trotz der [Adjektiv] [Substantiv]...

Trotz der allergischen Symptome...

Es ist [Adjektiv] bedingt.

Es ist allergisch bedingt.

[Substantiv] reagiert allergisch auf [Abstraktum].

Die Börse reagiert allergisch auf Unsicherheit.

Die [Adjektiv] Diathese...

Die allergische Diathese...

词族

名词

动词

形容词

如何使用

frequency

Very common in daily life and media.

常见错误

Ich bin allergisch zu Katzen. → Ich bin allergisch gegen Katzen.
English speakers often translate 'to' directly, but German requires 'gegen'.
Ich bin allergisch gegen dem Hund. → Ich bin allergisch gegen den Hund.
'Gegen' takes the accusative case, not the dative.
Haben Sie allergisch Essen? → Haben Sie allergikerfreundliches Essen?
'Allergisch' describes a person or a reaction, not the food itself.
Ich habe eine allergisch Reaktion. → Ich habe eine allergische Reaktion.
Adjectives must be declined when used before a noun.
Er reagiert allergisch gegen Pollen. → Er reagiert allergisch auf Pollen.
With the verb 'reagieren', the preposition is 'auf', not 'gegen'.

小贴士

Case Mastery

Always follow 'gegen' with the accusative. Practice: 'gegen den Apfel', 'gegen die Katze', 'gegen das Kind'.

Cognate Advantage

Use the fact that it sounds like English to remember the meaning, but don't let the English preposition 'to' trick you.

Dining Out

In Germany, don't be shy about your allergies. It is standard to mention them, and restaurants are legally required to help.

Emphasis

Put the emphasis on the 'LER' part of the word to sound more natural.

Figurative Flair

Use 'allergisch' in your writing to show a strong opinion without using the word 'hassen' (to hate).

Weather Reports

Listen to German weather reports in spring. They often mention 'Allergiker' and 'Pollenflug'.

Emergency

Learn the phrase 'Ich habe einen allergischen Schock' for emergencies.

Labeling

Look for the letter 'A' or bold text on German menus to find allergy information.

G-Force

Think: 'Allergisch' is 'Against' (Gegen) the substance. Both start with a hard sound.

Compound Words

Try to build your own compounds like 'Hausstauballergisch' to sound more like a native.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'ALL-ERG-ic'. 'ALL' sounds like 'ALLes' (everything) and 'ERG' sounds like 'ARG' (bad). You are reacting 'badly' to 'everything' in the air!

视觉联想

Imagine a giant 'G' (for 'gegen') standing between you and a cat. You cannot get close because you are allergisch.

Word Web

Pollen Nüsse Katzen Gegen Reaktion Arzt Ausschlag Niesen

挑战

Try to list five things you are literally or figuratively allergisch gegen in a single sentence using the correct accusative case.

词源

From the Greek words 'allos' (meaning other) and 'ergon' (meaning work or action). It was coined in 1906 by the Austrian pediatrician Clemens von Pirquet.

原始含义： The term originally referred to a 'changed reactivity' of the body in response to external substances.

Indo-European (via Greek and Modern Latin).

文化背景

Always ensure you are clear about medical allergies in a restaurant; using 'allergisch' figuratively in a medical setting can be confusing.

In English, we say 'allergic to', but Germans say 'allergic against'. This reflects a conceptual difference where the allergy is seen as a conflict 'against' a substance.

The movie 'Alles auf Zucker!' features various health obsessions. German comedy often uses the 'hypochondriac' trope who is allergisch to everything. Medical dramas like 'In aller Freundschaft' frequently feature allergic shocks.

在生活中练习

真实语境

At a Restaurant

Sind da Nüsse drin? Ich bin allergisch.
Ich bin gegen Gluten allergisch.
Haben Sie eine Liste der Allergene?
Können Sie das ohne Milch zubereiten?

At the Doctor

Ich habe eine allergische Reaktion.
Woher kommt dieser Ausschlag?
Gibt es einen Test dafür?
Ich brauche ein Antihistaminikum.

At a Friend's House

Hast du eine Katze? Ich bin leider allergisch.
Ich muss meine Tabletten nehmen.
Keine Sorge, es ist nur Heuschnupfen.
Darf ich das Fenster zumachen?

In the Office

Ich reagiere allergisch auf den Staub hier.
Können wir den Drucker woanders hinstellen?
Ich bin allergisch gegen Überstunden.
Lass uns das sachlich klären.

Shopping

Ist dieses Produkt allergikerfreundlich?
Ich suche eine Creme für allergische Haut.
Sind hier Duftstoffe enthalten?
Ich bin gegen Nickel allergisch.

对话开场白

"Bist du gegen irgendetwas allergisch, oder kannst du alles essen?"

"Leidest du im Frühling auch so unter Heuschnupfen?"

"Gegen welche Verhaltensweisen von Menschen bist du allergisch?"

"Hast du schon mal eine schlimme allergische Reaktion erlebt?"

"Glaubst du, dass Allergien heutzutage häufiger sind als früher?"

日记主题

Beschreibe eine Situation, in der du allergisch auf etwas reagiert hast (physisch oder emotional).

Warum sind so viele Menschen heutzutage allergisch gegen bestimmte Lebensmittel?

Gegen welche gesellschaftlichen Trends bist du 'allergisch' und warum?

Wie würde dein Leben aussehen, wenn du gegen dein Lieblingsessen allergisch wärst?

Schreibe einen fiktiven Dialog zwischen einem Arzt und einem Patienten mit einer neuen Allergie.

常见问题

10 个问题

You say 'Ich bin allergisch gegen Nüsse.' Remember to use 'gegen' and the plural form of nuts.

No, it is very often used figuratively to mean 'I really dislike this'. For example, 'Ich bin allergisch gegen Lügen.'

'Gegen' is used with 'sein' (state), while 'auf' is used with 'reagieren' (action/reaction). Both take the accusative case.

Only if it is at the beginning of a sentence, as it is an adjective, not a noun.

In standard German, it is a hard 'g' like in 'go'. In some northern dialects, it might sound like 'sh', but stick to the hard 'g' for clarity.

It is a pollen count forecast, very important for people who are allergisch gegen Pollen.

Technically, no. You should use 'Laktoseunverträglichkeit' or say 'Ich bin laktoseintolerant'.

It means 'highly allergic', indicating a very severe reaction.

Only if it comes before a noun. 'Ein allergischer Schock' vs. 'Ich bin allergisch'.

It is a document you carry that tells doctors what you are allergic to in case of an emergency.

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