At the A1 level, 'unpünktlich' is introduced as a basic descriptive word. Students learn it as the opposite of 'pünktlich'. The focus is on simple sentences like 'Ich bin unpünktlich' or 'Der Bus ist unpünktlich'. It's important for beginners to recognize the prefix 'un-' as a way to say 'not'. At this stage, learners are not expected to master complex adjective endings, but should understand the word's meaning in the context of time and daily routines. They will mostly use it in the predicative position (after the verb 'sein'). The concept is vital because time and punctuality are among the first cultural topics discussed in German classes. Beginners should also learn to distinguish it from the simple word 'spät' (late). Examples at this level are very concrete and relate to immediate surroundings like school, work, or transportation.
At the A2 level, learners start using 'unpünktlich' in more varied sentence structures, including simple subordinate clauses. They begin to apply basic adjective endings, such as 'ein unpünktlicher Freund'. The focus shifts to being able to describe habits and provide simple reasons for being late. Students learn to use the word with frequency adverbs like 'immer' (always), 'oft' (often), or 'manchmal' (sometimes). They also begin to understand the social implications of being 'unpünktlich' in German-speaking countries. Exercises might include comparing the punctuality of different people or transport methods. At A2, the learner can express frustration about something being 'unpünktlich' and can use the word in simple past or perfect tenses, e.g., 'Gestern war der Zug unpünktlich'.
By B1, learners are expected to use 'unpünktlich' fluently in conversations about work, travel, and social obligations. They should be comfortable with all adjective declensions and use the word as an adverb without hesitation. B1 students learn to incorporate the word into more complex sentences with conjunctions like 'weil', 'obwohl', or 'dass'. For example, 'Ich ärgere mich, weil mein Kollege immer unpünktlich ist.' They also start to learn related nouns like 'die Unpünktlichkeit'. The cultural nuance becomes more important; students discuss the 'German' view on punctuality and contrast it with their own cultures. They also learn to use 'unpünktlich' in professional contexts, such as writing a formal email to apologize for a delay or to complain about a late delivery.
At the B2 level, 'unpünktlich' is used to discuss more abstract concepts and systemic issues. Students might talk about the 'unpünktliche Lieferung von Waren' in a business context or the 'unpünktliche Umsetzung von politischen Reformen'. They are expected to use a wider range of synonyms and nuances, distinguishing clearly between 'unpünktlich', 'verspätet', and 'verzögert'. The use of the word in idiomatic expressions or as part of more sophisticated rhetorical structures is common. B2 learners should be able to argue about the pros and cons of strict punctuality and use the word in debates. They also handle the superlative and comparative forms with ease in complex environments, such as 'Je unpünktlicher du bist, desto schlechter ist dein Ruf.'
At the C1 level, the word 'unpünktlich' is used with high precision in various registers. Learners can analyze the etymology and the psychological impact of 'Unpünktlichkeit' in society. They understand the word in literary texts, where it might be used metaphorically or to characterize a person's inner chaos. C1 students can use the word in academic or highly formal writing, such as 'Die unpünktliche Bereitstellung der Daten gefährdet das gesamte Forschungsprojekt.' They are also aware of regional variations and the subtle emotional undertones when someone is called 'unpünktlich'. The word is no longer just a vocabulary item but a tool for nuanced social and professional commentary.
At the C2 level, the learner has a near-native command of 'unpünktlich'. They can use it in complex philosophical discussions about the nature of time and social expectations. They can play with the word in creative writing or use it in high-level negotiations where subtle wording is key. A C2 speaker might use 'unpünktlich' to describe an 'unpünktliches Erscheinen' in a historical analysis or a critique of a theatrical performance. They are fully aware of the irony and sarcasm often associated with the word in modern German discourse, especially concerning public services. They can effortlessly switch between 'unpünktlich' and its more obscure synonyms like 'säumig' or 'verbummelt' depending on the exact shade of meaning they wish to convey.

unpünktlich 30秒了解

  • Unpünktlich means 'unpunctual' or 'not on time' and is the negation of 'pünktlich'.
  • It is used for people, transport, and events that fail to meet a schedule.
  • In German culture, being unpünktlich is often seen as disrespectful and unprofessional.
  • It can be used as an adjective (unpünktlicher Gast) or an adverb (er kommt unpünktlich).

The German adjective unpünktlich is much more than a simple translation of "late" or "unpunctual." To understand this word, one must first understand the cultural gravity of its root, pünktlich. In German-speaking cultures, particularly in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria, punctuality is often viewed as a fundamental social contract. Therefore, being unpünktlich is frequently perceived as a sign of unreliability, a lack of respect for others' time, or even a character flaw. While in some cultures a fifteen-minute delay is considered "on time," in Germany, arriving five minutes after the agreed-upon time without a valid excuse is definitively unpünktlich.

Core Meaning
The state of not arriving or occurring at the precisely designated or expected time. It negates the quality of being 'on the dot' (auf den Punkt).

Der Bus war heute wieder extrem unpünktlich, weshalb ich meinen Anschlusszug verpasst habe.

The word is composed of the prefix un- (meaning 'not' or 'non-') and the adjective pünktlich. It can describe people, transportation systems, events, or even payments. If a person is described as unpünktlich, it usually implies a habitual behavior rather than a one-time occurrence. For a single instance of being late, Germans often use the participle verspätet, though unpünktlich can still be used to describe the nature of the arrival.

Usage Context
Used in daily life to complain about public transport, criticize a colleague's habits, or apologize for one's own shortcomings.

Es ist unhöflich, unpünktlich zu einer Hochzeit zu erscheinen.

When discussing the Deutsche Bahn (German Railways), the word unpünktlich is a staple of conversation. It has become a common trope in German humor that the trains, once the epitome of German efficiency, are now notoriously unpünktlich. In this context, the word carries a heavy load of irony and frustration. Linguistically, it is an adjective that can be declined (e.g., "ein unpünktlicher Kollege") or used as an adverb (e.g., "er kommt immer unpünktlich").

Sein unpünktliches Erscheinen sorgte für Unmut im Team.

Warum bist du bei unseren Verabredungen immer so unpünktlich?

Die Lieferung war leider unpünktlich, was den Bauprozess verzögerte.

Social Consequence
Chronic 'Unpünktlichkeit' (the noun form) can lead to social exclusion or the termination of employment contracts in Germany.

Using unpünktlich correctly requires an understanding of German adjective endings and its role as an adverb. As an adjective, it must agree with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case. As an adverb, it remains undeclined. This section explores the various syntactic roles the word plays in everyday German communication.

Predicative Use
When the word follows a verb like 'sein' (to be) or 'werden' (to become), it does not take an ending. Example: 'Der Lehrer ist unpünktlich.'

Wenn du weiterhin so unpünktlich bist, wirst du deinen Job verlieren.

In its attributive form, unpünktlich precedes a noun and changes its ending. For example, in the nominative masculine form: "Ein unpünktlicher Mitarbeiter" (An unpunctual employee). In the feminine: "Eine unpünktliche Schülerin." In the neuter: "Ein unpünktliches Flugzeug." These endings are crucial for sounding natural and correct in German.

Adverbial Use
When describing how an action is performed. Example: 'Er kommt immer unpünktlich zum Training.'

Die Züge in diesem Land verkehren leider sehr unpünktlich.

We also use unpünktlich in comparative and superlative forms. If someone is more unpunctual than another, they are unpünktlicher. The person who is the latest of all is am unpünktlichsten. Note that while being late is usually a binary state, Germans use these degrees to emphasize the severity of the habit.

Von allen meinen Freunden ist Markus am unpünktlichsten.

With Modal Verbs
Often used with 'dürfen' or 'sollen' to express rules. Example: 'Man darf hier nicht unpünktlich sein.'

Du solltest nicht so unpünktlich sein, wenn du einen guten Eindruck machen willst.

Finally, consider the word in passive or impersonal constructions. "Es ist unpünktlich" refers to a situation or a thing. "Er gilt als unpünktlich" means he is considered to be unpunctual. These structures help nuance the description of time-related behavior in various social registers.

In dieser Firma wird unpünktliches Verhalten nicht toleriert.

The word unpünktlich echoes through many corridors of German life. From the frustration of a commuter on a platform to the stern reprimand of a school teacher, it is a word that carries weight. Understanding where you will encounter it helps you grasp its pragmatic use in real-world scenarios.

Public Transportation
This is perhaps the most common context. You will hear it in announcements or see it in news reports about transit reliability. 'Die Deutsche Bahn war im letzten Quartal wieder sehr unpünktlich.'

Wegen einer Signalstörung ist der Regionalexpress leider unpünktlich.

In the workplace, unpünktlich is a serious descriptor. It appears in performance reviews (Mitarbeitergespräche) and is a frequent topic of water-cooler gossip. If a colleague is often late for meetings, they will be labeled as unpünktlich. This isn't just a description; it's a judgment of their professional integrity.

Education
Teachers use it to admonish students. 'Wer unpünktlich zum Unterricht kommt, stört die ganze Klasse.'

Solltest du noch einmal unpünktlich sein, gibt es einen Eintrag ins Klassenbuch.

Socially, among friends, the word is used both seriously and jokingly. If a group is waiting for one person at a restaurant, the conversation will inevitably turn to how unpünktlich that person always is. In Southern Germany or Austria, you might hear variations, but the standard unpünktlich remains the universal term for this behavior across all dialects.

Wir können nicht immer auf Thomas warten; er ist einfach zu unpünktlich.

Es tut mir leid, dass ich so unpünktlich war, der Verkehr war schrecklich.

Media and News
Headlines often use the word to critique government projects or delayed infrastructure. 'Der neue Flughafen ist nicht nur teuer, sondern auch unpünktlich fertig geworden.'

For English speakers, the most common mistake is confusing unpünktlich with spät. While both relate to time, they are used differently. Spät generally refers to the time of day or a general state of being late, whereas unpünktlich specifically refers to missing a set appointment or failing to meet a scheduled time.

Spät vs. Unpünktlich
'Ich bin spät dran' (I'm running late) vs. 'Ich bin unpünktlich' (I am an unpunctual person/I missed the mark).

Fehler: Ich bin unpünktlich für die Party. (Correct: Ich bin spät dran für die Party.)

Another mistake involves the use of verspätet. Verspätet is a past participle used as an adjective, often for one-off delays, like a flight. Unpünktlich is more about the quality of the service or the person. If you say a train is unpünktlich, you might be describing its general reputation. If you say it is verspätet, you are likely referring to its current status on the board.

Word Order
Placing the adverb incorrectly. 'Er kommt unpünktlich immer' is wrong. It should be 'Er kommt immer unpünktlich.'

Richtig: Er ist ein unpünktlicher Mensch. Falsch: Er ist ein unpünktlich Mensch.

Learners also sometimes forget the negation. They might say someone is "nicht pünktlich" which is grammatically fine, but unpünktlich is the more common, idiomatic way to express the negative trait. Using the prefix un- makes your German sound more sophisticated and natural.

Es ist unpünktlich, nicht nur 'nicht pünktlich'.

Register Confusion
Using 'unpünktlich' when 'säumig' (delinquent/late with payments) is required in legal/financial contexts.

German offers a variety of words to describe the concept of being late, each with its own nuance. Choosing the right one depends on whether you are talking about a person's character, a specific delay, or a formal situation.

Verspätet
Refers to a specific delay. 'Der Zug hat Verspätung' (The train is delayed). 'Ich komme verspätet' (I am arriving late).
Säumig
Used for late payments or failing to fulfill a duty. 'Ein säumiger Zahler' (A late payer).
Trödelig
Informal. Describes someone who is slow and dawdles, which often leads to being unpünktlich.

Sei nicht so trödelig, sonst kommen wir wieder unpünktlich an!

In more formal or literary contexts, you might encounter verspätet or verzögert. Verzögert implies that something has been held up by external forces. While unpünktlich places the blame more squarely on the subject, verzögert is more neutral.

Überfällig
Overdue. Used for library books, babies, or long-awaited changes. 'Die Reform ist längst überfällig.'

Das Paket ist bereits drei Tage überfällig.

For slang or very informal speech, one might say someone is "eine Schlafmütze" (a sleepyhead) if their lateness is due to oversleeping, or that they "trödeln" (dawdle). However, unpünktlich remains the most precise and commonly used term for describing the failure to be on time.

Hör auf zu trödeln, wir sind schon unpünktlich!

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The concept of punctuality as a national trait in Germany only really took off with the advent of the railway system in the 19th century.

发音指南

UK /ˈʊnˌpʏŋktlɪç/
US /ˈʊnˌpʏŋktlɪç/
Primary stress on the first syllable 'un-', secondary stress on 'pünkt-'.
押韵词
pünktlich hinderlich veränderlich unermüdlich unglaublich (slant) ausdrücklich unglücklich erfreulich (slant)
常见错误
  • Pronouncing 'un-' like the English 'un-' in 'under'. In German, it's a short 'u'.
  • Missing the 't' in the middle. It's 'pünkt-lich', not 'pünklich'.
  • Pronouncing 'ch' like 'k'. It should be a soft 'ich' sound.
  • Stress on the second syllable. It must be on the 'un'.
  • Merging 'nk' into a single 'n' sound.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Easy to recognize due to the 'un-' prefix and the common root 'Punkt'.

写作 3/5

Endings can be tricky for beginners, and the spelling 'nktl' is unusual.

口语 3/5

Pronunciation of 'ü' and 'ch' requires practice for English speakers.

听力 2/5

Clearly articulated in most contexts, especially announcements.

接下来学什么

前置知识

pünktlich Punkt Zeit Uhr spät

接下来学习

verspätet die Verspätung die Unpünktlichkeit zuverlässig höflich

高级

säumig überfällig verzögert fristgerecht ordnungsgemäß

需要掌握的语法

Prefix 'un-' for Negation

pünktlich -> unpünktlich, glücklich -> unglücklich

Adjective Declension (Weak/Strong/Mixed)

ein unpünktlicher (strong), der unpünktliche (weak)

Adverbial Position

Er kommt (Verb) unpünktlich (Adverb).

Comparative and Superlative

unpünktlich, unpünktlicher, am unpünktlichsten

Nominalization

unpünktlich -> die Unpünktlichkeit

按水平分级的例句

1

Der Bus ist unpünktlich.

The bus is unpunctual.

Predicative adjective, no ending.

2

Ich bin nicht unpünktlich.

I am not unpunctual.

Negation with 'nicht' before the adjective.

3

Bist du unpünktlich?

Are you unpunctual?

Question structure with verb-first.

4

Mein Freund ist immer unpünktlich.

My friend is always unpunctual.

Use of the frequency adverb 'immer'.

5

Der Lehrer kommt unpünktlich.

The teacher is coming late.

Used as an adverb here.

6

Wir sind heute unpünktlich.

We are unpunctual today.

Plural form of the verb 'sein'.

7

Das ist ein unpünktliches Auto.

That is an unpunctual car (metaphorical/humorous).

Attributive adjective, neuter nominative ending '-es'.

8

Warum ist der Zug unpünktlich?

Why is the train unpunctual?

Interrogative sentence with 'warum'.

1

Er ist ein unpünktlicher Mensch.

He is an unpunctual person.

Masculine nominative ending '-er'.

2

Ich mag keine unpünktlichen Leute.

I don't like unpunctual people.

Plural accusative ending '-en'.

3

Gestern war der Zug sehr unpünktlich.

Yesterday the train was very unpunctual.

Simple past tense (Präteritum) of 'sein'.

4

Sie ist unpünktlicher als ihre Schwester.

She is more unpunctual than her sister.

Comparative form with '-er'.

5

Ich versuche, nie unpünktlich zu sein.

I try never to be unpunctual.

Infinitive clause with 'zu'.

6

Wegen des Regens war die Bahn unpünktlich.

Because of the rain, the train was unpunctual.

Genitive preposition 'wegen'.

7

Ein unpünktlicher Start ist schlecht.

An unpunctual start is bad.

Attributive adjective modifying 'Start'.

8

Komm bitte nicht unpünktlich zum Essen.

Please don't come late to dinner.

Imperative with 'bitte' and 'nicht'.

1

Es ist ärgerlich, wenn Kollegen unpünktlich sind.

It is annoying when colleagues are unpunctual.

Subordinate clause with 'wenn'.

2

Obwohl er unpünktlich war, hat er den Job bekommen.

Although he was unpunctual, he got the job.

Concessive clause with 'obwohl'.

3

Die Unpünktlichkeit der Post ist ein Problem.

The unpunctuality of the mail is a problem.

Noun form 'Unpünktlichkeit'.

4

Er entschuldigte sich dafür, dass er unpünktlich war.

He apologized for being unpunctual.

Verbal phrase 'sich entschuldigen für'.

5

In Deutschland gilt man schnell als unpünktlich.

In Germany, one is quickly considered unpunctual.

Passive-like construction with 'gelten als'.

6

Wegen seiner unpünktlichen Art hat er viele Freunde verloren.

Because of his unpunctual nature, he lost many friends.

Adjective in a prepositional phrase with genitive ending.

7

Ich finde es unhöflich, unpünktlich zu erscheinen.

I find it rude to appear unpunctual.

Infinitive construction with 'finden es'.

8

Das unpünktliche Erscheinen der Gäste störte die Feier.

The unpunctual arrival of the guests disturbed the party.

Nominalized infinitive 'Erscheinen' modified by adjective.

1

Chronisch unpünktliche Mitarbeiter riskieren eine Abmahnung.

Chronically unpunctual employees risk a formal warning.

Use of the intensifier 'chronisch'.

2

Die Bahn ist bekannt für ihre unpünktlichen Züge.

The railway is known for its unpunctual trains.

Adjective in a prepositional phrase with 'bekannt für'.

3

Je unpünktlicher das Projekt fertig wird, desto teurer wird es.

The more unpunctually the project is finished, the more expensive it becomes.

Double comparative 'je... desto'.

4

Seine unpünktliche Bezahlung der Miete führte zur Kündigung.

His unpunctual payment of the rent led to the termination.

Attributive adjective in a complex noun phrase.

5

Man sollte unpünktliches Verhalten nicht persönlich nehmen.

One should not take unpunctual behavior personally.

Modal verb 'sollte' with negation.

6

Trotz der unpünktlichen Lieferung war die Qualität gut.

Despite the unpunctual delivery, the quality was good.

Preposition 'trotz' with genitive.

7

Er ist am unpünktlichsten, wenn er gestresst ist.

He is most unpunctual when he is stressed.

Superlative form 'am unpünktlichsten'.

8

Die unpünktliche Abfahrt des Schiffes verursachte Chaos.

The unpunctual departure of the ship caused chaos.

Feminine nominative with definite article.

1

Die unpünktliche Bereitstellung der Fördermittel verzögerte den Bau.

The unpunctual provision of subsidies delayed construction.

Formal noun-heavy style (Nominalstil).

2

Es ist eine unpünktliche Ära, in der wir leben.

It is an unpunctual era in which we live.

Metaphorical use of the adjective.

3

Die unpünktliche Reaktion der Regierung wurde scharf kritisiert.

The government's unpunctual reaction was sharply criticized.

Passive voice with past participle.

4

Seine Tendenz, unpünktlich zu sein, wurzelt in seiner Kindheit.

His tendency to be unpunctual is rooted in his childhood.

Abstract noun 'Tendenz' followed by infinitive clause.

5

Ein unpünktliches Eingreifen hätte katastrophale Folgen gehabt.

An unpunctual intervention would have had catastrophic consequences.

Konjunktiv II (conditional) for hypothetical scenarios.

6

Die Unpünktlichkeit ist ein Symptom tieferer organisatorischer Mängel.

Unpunctuality is a symptom of deeper organizational flaws.

Noun 'Unpünktlichkeit' as a subject.

7

Er pflegt einen unpünktlichen Lebensstil.

He maintains an unpunctual lifestyle.

Collocation 'einen Lebensstil pflegen'.

8

Unpünktlich zu erscheinen, gilt in diesen Kreisen als Affront.

Appearing unpunctual is considered an affront in these circles.

Infinitive clause as a subject.

1

Die ontologische Unpünktlichkeit des Seins ist ein zentrales Thema.

The ontological unpunctuality of being is a central theme.

Highly academic/philosophical usage.

2

Er kokettiert mit seinem unpünktlichen Wesen.

He flirts with (shows off) his unpunctual nature.

Nuanced verb 'kokettieren mit'.

3

Die unpünktliche Zustellung des Urteils führte zu einer Revision.

The unpunctual delivery of the verdict led to an appeal.

Technical legal context.

4

In seinem Werk thematisiert er die unpünktliche Liebe.

In his work, he addresses unpunctual love (love that comes at the wrong time).

Literary analysis context.

5

Die unpünktliche Taktung der Ampeln stört den Verkehrsfluss.

The unpunctual timing of the traffic lights disrupts the flow of traffic.

Technical terminology 'Taktung'.

6

Es ist die Unpünktlichkeit des Augenblicks, die uns verzweifeln lässt.

It is the unpunctuality of the moment that makes us despair.

Poetic/Existential usage.

7

Sein unpünktliches Erscheinen war kalkulierte Respektlosigkeit.

His unpunctual appearance was calculated disrespect.

Psychological nuance 'kalkuliert'.

8

Die unpünktliche Veröffentlichung des Berichts löste Spekulationen aus.

The unpunctual publication of the report triggered speculation.

Complex sentence with cause and effect.

近义词

verspätet säumig trödelig nachlässig zu spät unzeitgemäß verbummelt unzuverlässig

反义词

pünktlich zeitig überpünktlich rechtzeitig

常见搭配

chronisch unpünktlich
extrem unpünktlich
unpünktlich erscheinen
unpünktlich abfahren
unpünktliche Lieferung
unpünktliche Bezahlung
unpünktlicher Mitarbeiter
hoffnungslos unpünktlich
unpünktlich ankommen
unpünktliche Antwort

常用短语

Wie immer unpünktlich!

— A common exclamation when someone is late yet again. It expresses frustration.

Der Bus ist wie immer unpünktlich!

Sei nicht so unpünktlich.

— A request or command to be more on time. Used with friends or children.

Sei nicht so unpünktlich, wir müssen los.

Unpünktlichkeit ist eine Zier.

— An ironic saying, suggesting that lateness is a 'decoration' (it is not).

Na toll, Unpünktlichkeit ist wohl deine Zier.

Entschuldigung für das unpünktliche Erscheinen.

— A formal apology for arriving late. Used in professional settings.

Entschuldigung für das unpünktliche Erscheinen, der Stau war enorm.

Er ist bekannt dafür, unpünktlich zu sein.

— Used to describe someone's reputation for lateness. It's a character assessment.

Er ist leider bekannt dafür, unpünktlich zu sein.

Das ist unpünktlich!

— A direct observation that something is late. Often said with a tone of annoyance.

Zehn Minuten drüber? Das ist unpünktlich!

Warum bist du so unpünktlich?

— A direct question asking for a reason for lateness. Can be confrontational.

Warum bist du heute so unpünktlich?

Unpünktlich wie die Maurer.

— An old idiom (now less common) suggesting that bricklayers are always late.

Du bist mal wieder unpünktlich wie die Maurer.

Lieber unpünktlich als gar nicht.

— Better late than never. A way to excuse someone's arrival.

Naja, lieber unpünktlich als gar nicht.

Das unpünktliche Ende.

— Referring to an event that didn't finish on time. Often used for meetings.

Das unpünktliche Ende der Sitzung war nervig.

容易混淆的词

unpünktlich vs spät

Spät is a general time (It is late). Unpünktlich is failing a specific time (He is late for the meeting).

unpünktlich vs verspätet

Verspätet is usually a one-time delay; unpünktlich can be a habit.

unpünktlich vs säumig

Säumig is specifically for bills or formal duties, not for showing up late to a party.

习语与表达

"Fünf Minuten vor der Zeit ist des Deutschen Pünktlichkeit."

— This implies that being 'on time' actually means being five minutes early. Being exactly on time is almost unpünktlich.

Denk dran: Fünf Minuten vor der Zeit...

proverbial
"Auf die Minute genau."

— The exact opposite of being unpünktlich. To be precisely on time.

Er war auf die Minute genau da.

neutral
"Die akademische Viertelstunde."

— The 'academic quarter'—a tradition where university lectures start 15 minutes late. Arriving then is not considered unpünktlich.

Ich nutze die akademische Viertelstunde.

academic
"Auf die lange Bank schieben."

— To postpone something repeatedly, which can lead to unpünktlich results.

Schieb das Projekt nicht auf die lange Bank.

informal
"In Verzug geraten."

— To fall behind schedule or become unpünktlich in a formal/legal sense.

Die Firma ist mit der Lieferung in Verzug geraten.

formal
"Den Bogen überspannen."

— To overstretch the limit, often used when someone's lateness is finally too much.

Mit deiner Unpünktlichkeit hast du den Bogen überspannt.

neutral
"Zeit ist Geld."

— Time is money. The reason why being unpünktlich is so hated in business.

Komm schon, Zeit ist Geld!

neutral
"Pünktlichkeit ist die Höflichkeit der Könige."

— Punctuality is the politeness of kings. Implies being unpünktlich is rude.

Denk an den Spruch: Pünktlichkeit ist...

proverbial
"Ewig und drei Tage."

— Taking 'forever and three days,' leading to being extremely unpünktlich.

Er braucht wieder ewig und drei Tage.

informal
"Auf den letzten Drücker."

— At the very last moment. Often the precursor to being unpünktlich.

Er kommt immer auf den letzten Drücker.

informal

容易混淆

unpünktlich vs spät

Both translate to 'late' in English.

Spät refers to the time of day or being behind in a general sense. Unpünktlich refers to a specific appointment.

Es ist schon spät. (It's already late at night.) vs. Er ist unpünktlich. (He missed the appointment.)

unpünktlich vs verspätet

Both refer to delays.

Verspätet is often a participle used for things like flights or trains. Unpünktlich is an adjective/adverb for character or service quality.

Der Zug ist verspätet. (The train is currently delayed.) vs. Die Bahn ist unpünktlich. (The railway is generally unreliable.)

unpünktlich vs langsam

Being slow often leads to being late.

Langsam refers to speed; unpünktlich refers to timing.

Er läuft langsam. vs. Er kommt unpünktlich.

unpünktlich vs trödelig

Causes of unpunctuality.

Trödelig describes the behavior of dawdling; unpünktlich is the result.

Hör auf zu trödeln! (Stop dawdling!)

unpünktlich vs überfällig

Both mean past a deadline.

Überfällig means a specific deadline has passed and it's now 'overdue'.

Das Buch ist überfällig.

句型

A1

Subjekt + sein + unpünktlich.

Ich bin unpünktlich.

A2

Subjekt + kommen + unpünktlich + zu + Dativ.

Er kommt unpünktlich zur Schule.

B1

Es ist + Adjektiv, wenn + Subjekt + unpünktlich + sein.

Es ist unhöflich, wenn man unpünktlich ist.

B2

Wegen + Genitiv + unpünktlicher + Nomen...

Wegen seiner unpünktlichen Art...

C1

Die + Nomen + ist + unpünktlich + Adjektiv.

Die Bereitstellung war unpünktlich.

C2

Partizipialkonstruktion mit unpünktlich.

Das unpünktlich erschienene Werk...

B1

Sich entschuldigen für + unpünktliches + Nomen.

Ich entschuldige mich für mein unpünktliches Erscheinen.

A2

Vergleich mit unpünktlicher.

Mein Bruder ist unpünktlicher als ich.

词族

名词

die Unpünktlichkeit
die Pünktlichkeit
der Punkt

动词

punktieren
verspäten (sich)

形容词

pünktlich
punktuell
überpünktlich

相关

die Verspätung
der Termin
die Uhrzeit
der Zeitplan
die Verzögerung

如何使用

frequency

Very high in daily life and media.

常见错误
  • Ich bin unpünktlich. Ich bin spät dran.

    If you are currently in the process of being late, use 'spät dran'. 'Ich bin unpünktlich' sounds like you are describing your personality trait.

  • Der unpünktlich Mann. Der unpünktliche Mann.

    Adjectives before a noun need an ending. Here, 'der' triggers the weak declension ending '-e'.

  • Er kommt immer zu unpünktlich. Er kommt immer unpünktlich.

    You don't need 'zu' (too) before 'unpünktlich' when using it as an adverb of manner.

  • Die Unpünktlich war schlecht. Die Unpünktlichkeit war schlecht.

    You must use the noun form 'Unpünktlichkeit' when referring to the concept as a subject.

  • Ich habe eine unpünktlich Uhr. Ich habe eine unpünktliche Uhr.

    Feminine accusative adjective ending is '-e'.

小贴士

Adjective or Adverb?

Remember that if 'unpünktlich' comes after the verb (like 'is'), it doesn't need an ending. If it comes before a noun, it does.

The 5-Minute Rule

In Germany, being 5 minutes early is being on time. Being exactly on time is cutting it close. Being 5 minutes late is 'unpünktlich'.

Un- Prefix

Notice how 'un-' is used. It's the most powerful tool in German to create opposites. Learn 'pünktlich' and you get 'unpünktlich' for free!

The 'nk' Sound

Make sure to pronounce both the 'n' and the 'k'. It's not a soft 'ng' like in 'singing', but a sharp 'nk' like in 'bank'.

Softening the Blow

If you have to tell someone they are late, use 'ein bisschen' (a little bit) to make 'unpünktlich' sound less harsh.

Formal Apologies

In a formal letter, use 'die Unpünktlichkeit' (the noun) to sound more professional when apologizing.

DB Announcements

Listen for 'unpünktlich' in train stations. If you hear it, look for the 'Verspätung' (delay) time on the board.

Punkt means Point

Pünktlich is 'point-ly'. Unpünktlich is 'NOT-point-ly'. You missed the point (the time)!

Habitual vs. One-off

Use 'unpünktlich' more for habits and 'verspätet' for one-time events to sound like a native.

Irony

Germans love to say 'Pünktlich wie die Bahn' sarcastically when something is actually very unpünktlich.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a 'Punctured' (pünktlich) tire—if you have one, you will be 'UN-punctured' or 'unpünktlich' because you'll be late!

视觉联想

Imagine a clock with a big 'X' over it, or a person running frantically after a departing train.

Word Web

Zeit Uhr Verspätung Termin Warten Stress Bahn Arbeit

挑战

Try to use 'unpünktlich' in three different sentences today: one about a person, one about a train, and one as an apology.

词源

From the Middle High German 'pünktelich', derived from the Latin 'punctus' (point/dot). The prefix 'un-' was added to negate the quality.

原始含义: Originally referred to being 'on the point' or precise in detail, later evolving to refer specifically to time.

Germanic (German), with Latin roots for the core noun.

文化背景

Be careful when calling someone 'unpünktlich' directly; it can be taken as a serious insult to their character.

In many English-speaking cultures, a 'grace period' of 5-10 minutes is common. In Germany, this is often already considered unpünktlich.

The 'Deutsche Bahn' is the most famous target of the word 'unpünktlich'. Loriot, a famous German humorist, often used punctuality as a theme in his sketches. The 'Pünktchen und Anton' book by Erich Kästner (root word connection).

在生活中练习

真实语境

Bahnhof (Train Station)

  • Der Zug ist unpünktlich.
  • Warum ist die Bahn so unpünktlich?
  • Unpünktliche Züge nerven.
  • Wieder mal unpünktlich!

Büro (Office)

  • Herr Müller ist oft unpünktlich.
  • Wir tolerieren kein unpünktliches Erscheinen.
  • Das Meeting fing unpünktlich an.
  • Entschuldigen Sie die unpünktliche Antwort.

Schule (School)

  • Du darfst nicht unpünktlich sein.
  • Ein unpünktlicher Schüler stört.
  • Warum kommst du unpünktlich?
  • Unpünktlichkeit führt zu Nachsitzen.

Freunde (Friends)

  • Sei bitte nicht unpünktlich.
  • Du bist immer so unpünktlich!
  • Echt unpünktlich von dir.
  • Kommst du wieder unpünktlich?

Einkaufen/Lieferung (Shopping/Delivery)

  • Die Lieferung war unpünktlich.
  • Unpünktliche Pakete sind ärgerlich.
  • Der Bote kam unpünktlich.
  • Beschwerde wegen unpünktlicher Lieferung.

对话开场白

"Findest du es schlimm, wenn jemand fünf Minuten unpünktlich ist?"

"Warst du heute schon einmal unpünktlich?"

"Was machst du, wenn ein Freund immer unpünktlich zum Treffen kommt?"

"Ist die Bahn in deinem Land auch so unpünktlich wie in Deutschland?"

"Glaubst du, dass unpünktliche Menschen weniger Erfolg im Leben haben?"

日记主题

Schreibe über eine Situation, in der du sehr unpünktlich warst. Was ist passiert?

Warum ist Pünktlichkeit wichtig, und warum ist es schlecht, unpünktlich zu sein?

Beschreibe deinen frustrierendsten Moment mit einem unpünktlichen Verkehrsmittel.

Wie reagierst du, wenn deine Kollegen unpünktlich zu einem Meeting erscheinen?

Ist 'unpünktlich sein' in deiner Kultur ein großes Problem oder eher normal?

常见问题

10 个问题

Yes, in German, 'unpünktlich' almost always carries a negative connotation. It implies a failure to respect a shared agreement or schedule. While you might use it jokingly with close friends, in any professional or semi-formal context, it is a criticism.

You can, but the more precise word for a late payment is 'säumig'. However, in casual conversation, saying 'Er hat unpünktlich gezahlt' is perfectly understandable and common.

'Verspätet' is usually used for a specific event that is delayed (like a train on a specific day). 'Unpünktlich' is often used as a general description of a person's character or a system's reliability. 'Er ist unpünktlich' means he is often late.

You wouldn't usually use 'unpünktlich' for this. Instead, say 'Ich bin spät dran' or 'Ich verspäte mich ein wenig'. 'Unpünktlich' sounds like you are describing your personality.

It follows standard adjective declension. For example: 'ein unpünktlicher Mann' (masculine nominative), 'eine unpünktliche Frau' (feminine nominative), 'das unpünktliche Kind' (neuter nominative).

Yes, the noun is 'die Unpünktlichkeit'. It is feminine and used to describe the general concept of being late.

Absolutely. It is very frequently used for buses, trains, planes, deliveries, and even the start of events like concerts or meetings.

It can be. It's a direct observation of a fault. If you want to be more polite, you might say 'Du bist heute etwas spät' (You are a bit late today).

The opposite is 'pünktlich'. If someone is extremely on time, you can say they are 'überpünktlich'.

To make the 'ü' sound, shape your lips as if you are going to say 'oo' (as in 'boot'), but try to say 'ee' (as in 'meet') instead.

自我测试 185 个问题

writing

Write a sentence in German: 'The train is always unpunctual.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Write a sentence in German: 'I am sorry that I am unpunctual.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Apologize formally for a late delivery.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Describe a friend who is always late.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Explain why punctuality is important in Germany.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Use 'unpünktlich' in a comparative sentence.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Write a complaint about a bus.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Use the noun 'Unpünktlichkeit' in a sentence.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Write: 'An unpunctual person has many problems.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Write: 'Why are you so unpunctual today?'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Translate: 'The meeting started unpunctually.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Write a sentence using 'am unpünktlichsten'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Write: 'I don't like unpunctual colleagues.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Apologize for being late to a party.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Write: 'The teacher was unpunctual yesterday.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Use 'unpünktlich' as an adverb with 'bezahlen'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Write: 'The unpunctual start delayed everything.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Write: 'It's rude to be unpunctual.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Translate: 'The delivery was unpunctual.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
writing

Write: 'Are the trains in Germany unpunctual?'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
speaking

Say: 'I am sorry, I am unpunctual today.'

Read this aloud:

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
speaking

Ask: 'Why is the train unpunctual?'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Tell a friend: 'Don't be unpunctual!'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say: 'He is a very unpunctual person.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say: 'Unpunctuality is rude.'

Read this aloud:

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
speaking

Say: 'The bus was unpunctual again.'

Read this aloud:

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
speaking

Complain: 'The delivery is unpunctual.'

Read this aloud:

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
speaking

Ask: 'Are you usually unpunctual?'

Read this aloud:

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
speaking

Say: 'I try to be never unpunctual.'

Read this aloud:

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
speaking

Say: 'My brother is more unpunctual than me.'

Read this aloud:

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
speaking

Say: 'The meeting started unpunctually.'

Read this aloud:

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
speaking

Say: 'I hate it when people are unpunctual.'

Read this aloud:

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
speaking

Say: 'Is the mail unpunctual today?'

Read this aloud:

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
speaking

Say: 'She is the most unpunctual student.'

Read this aloud:

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
speaking

Say: 'Sorry for the unpunctual reply.'

Read this aloud:

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
speaking

Say: 'Punctuality is better than unpunctuality.'

Read this aloud:

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
speaking

Say: 'The plane was unpunctual.'

Read this aloud:

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
speaking

Say: 'We are unpunctual because of the traffic.'

Read this aloud:

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
speaking

Say: 'Don't come unpunctually to the dinner.'

Read this aloud:

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
speaking

Say: 'He is chronically unpunctual.'

Read this aloud:

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
listening

Listen and transcribe: 'Der Zug ist unpünktlich.'

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
listening

Listen and transcribe: 'Warum bist du so unpünktlich?'

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
listening

Listen and transcribe: 'Unpünktlichkeit ist in Deutschland ein Problem.'

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
listening

Listen and transcribe: 'Er ist ein unpünktlicher Mensch.'

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
listening

Listen and transcribe: 'Die Lieferung war leider unpünktlich.'

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
listening

Listen and transcribe: 'Sei bitte nicht unpünktlich.'

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
listening

Listen and transcribe: 'Ich mag keine unpünktlichen Kollegen.'

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
listening

Listen and transcribe: 'Der Bus kommt heute unpünktlich.'

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
listening

Listen and transcribe: 'Es tut mir leid, dass ich unpünktlich bin.'

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
listening

Listen and transcribe: 'Die Bahn ist oft unpünktlich.'

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
listening

Listen and transcribe: 'Er ist unpünktlicher als ich.'

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
listening

Listen and transcribe: 'Unpünktliches Erscheinen ist unhöflich.'

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
listening

Listen and transcribe: 'Wieder mal unpünktlich!'

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
listening

Listen and transcribe: 'Die unpünktliche Post nervt.'

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
listening

Listen and transcribe: 'Warum ist die Lieferung unpünktlich?'

正确! 不太对。 正确答案:
正确! 不太对。 正确答案:

/ 185 correct

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