Ziehen 30秒了解
- To pull something towards oneself or in a direction.
- Used for physical actions like pulling doors or suitcases.
- Can also describe drafts of air or aching sensations.
- Irregular verb; learn its forms like 'zog' and 'gezogen'.
The German verb "ziehen" is a fundamental word with a core meaning of "to pull." It's used in a wide variety of everyday situations, from physical actions to more abstract concepts. When you want to describe the act of exerting force to move something towards yourself or in a particular direction, "ziehen" is the word you'll use. Think about pulling a door open, tugging on a rope, or even dragging a suitcase. It can also describe the sensation of something being drawn, like a draft of air or a feeling of pain. Because it's such a common and versatile verb, understanding "ziehen" is crucial for building a solid foundation in German. Its versatility means you'll encounter it frequently in basic conversations and texts, making it a high-priority word for learners.
- Physical Action
- Describes the act of applying force to move an object towards oneself or in a specific direction. This is the most literal and common use.
- Movement of Objects
- Can refer to dragging, hauling, or towing something, such as furniture, a cart, or an animal.
- Sensation/Feeling
- Used to describe the feeling of something being drawn, like a draft of cold air, or a persistent, dull pain.
- Abstract Concepts
- Can be used metaphorically to describe attraction, influence, or the process of drawing something out, like a conclusion.
Ich muss die Tür ziehen, um sie zu öffnen.
Der Wind zieht durch das offene Fenster.
Mastering "ziehen" involves seeing it in action across various sentence structures. At the A1 level, you'll primarily encounter its most direct meanings. You'll learn to use it with subjects performing the action of pulling and objects being pulled. Common constructions involve simple present tense sentences, describing habitual actions or actions happening now. As you progress, you'll see "ziehen" used in different tenses (past and future) and with various prepositions that refine its meaning. For instance, "etwas aus dem Regal ziehen" means to pull something out of a shelf, while "an der Leine ziehen" means to pull on a leash. The verb can also be used reflexively, as in "sich anziehen" (to get dressed), which introduces a new dimension to its usage. Understanding these different contexts will allow you to express a wider range of ideas and comprehend more complex sentences. Practice conjugating "ziehen" in all its forms and try to build your own sentences using the examples provided. This active learning approach is key to internalizing the verb's usage.
- Basic Subject-Verb-Object
- The most straightforward usage: Subject + ziehen + Object. Example: "Ich ziehe den Koffer." (I pull the suitcase.)
- With Prepositions
- Often used with prepositions like 'an', 'aus', 'in', 'durch' to specify the direction or manner of pulling. Example: "Er zieht an der Tür." (He pulls on the door.)
- Reflexive Use
- As in "sich anziehen" (to get dressed), where the action is performed by the subject on itself.
- Figurative Meanings
- Used in idiomatic expressions or for abstract concepts like attraction or influence.
Bitte ziehen Sie die Tür zu sich heran.
Der Hund zieht an der Leine.
You will hear "ziehen" constantly in everyday German life, reflecting its broad applicability. In a household setting, parents might tell their children to "zieh deine Schuhe an" (put on your shoes), using the reflexive form. If you're shopping, a store employee might ask if you need help "die Tür aufzuziehen" (pulling the door open). Outdoors, you'll hear it in contexts like "an der Hand ziehen" (pulling by the hand), perhaps when guiding someone or when a child tugs on a parent's hand. In public transport, announcements might warn passengers to "nicht die Notbremse ziehen" (do not pull the emergency brake). Even in more abstract contexts, you might hear about a "Luftzug, der durch das Zimmer zieht" (a draft of air that is pulling through the room). Listen for it when people describe physical effort, movement, or even when they talk about feeling a cold draft. In a medical context, a doctor might ask about a pain that "zieht" (pulls or aches). These are just a few examples, but they illustrate how "ziehen" is woven into the fabric of daily communication. Pay attention to the surrounding words to understand the specific nuance of "ziehen" in each instance.
- Home and Family
- Parents telling children to get dressed ("sich anziehen"), or to pull something closer.
- Shopping and Public Spaces
- Describing how to open doors, or warnings about pulling handles.
- Outdoors and Travel
- Talking about pulling a cart, a dog on a leash, or guiding someone by hand.
- Weather and Comfort
- Describing drafts of cold air moving through a space.
- Health and Sensations
- Describing a persistent ache or pain that feels like it's pulling.
Komm, zieh mich nicht am Ärmel!
Ich fühle einen Schmerz, der zieht.
Learners often make a few predictable mistakes with "ziehen." One common error is confusing it with verbs that describe pushing or moving away. Remember, "ziehen" is always about movement *towards* or *in a specific direction* by pulling. Another frequent mistake involves misconjugating the verb, especially in past tenses. Since it's an irregular verb, simply adding '-t' or '-ed' is incorrect. You must learn the correct forms like "zog" (past tense) and "gezogen" (past participle). Furthermore, learners sometimes struggle with the reflexive use of "sich anziehen" (to get dressed). They might use "anziehen" (to put on clothes, but not necessarily referring to the act of dressing oneself) incorrectly, or forget to include the reflexive pronoun "sich." The prepositions used with "ziehen" can also be a pitfall. For example, using "ziehen zu" instead of "ziehen an" when referring to pulling something towards oneself can change the meaning or sound unnatural. Finally, some learners might try to use "ziehen" for concepts that require a different verb, such as "tragen" (to carry) or "bewegen" (to move in a general sense). Always consider if the action specifically involves pulling. Paying close attention to context and practicing the irregular conjugations are key to avoiding these errors.
- Confusing with 'Pushing'
- Mistaking "ziehen" (to pull) for a verb meaning "to push" (like "schieben").
- Incorrect Conjugation
- Failing to use the irregular past tense forms ("zog") and past participle ("gezogen").
- Misusing Reflexive Forms
- Incorrectly using "sich anziehen" (to get dressed) or confusing it with "anziehen" (to put on).
- Preposition Errors
- Using the wrong preposition with "ziehen," altering the intended meaning.
Falsch: Ich schiebe die Tür zu mir. Richtig: Ich ziehe die Tür zu mir.
Falsch: Ich habe die Tür gezogen. Richtig: Ich zog die Tür.
While "ziehen" is the primary verb for "to pull," German offers other words that might seem similar but have distinct meanings. One common alternative is "schieben," which means "to push." It's the direct opposite of "ziehen." For example, you "ziehen" a door open towards you, but you "schieben" it away from you. Another related verb is "reißen," which means "to tear" or "to rip." While you might "ziehen" on something, if it breaks under the force, it has "gerissen." In the context of movement, "bewegen" is a more general term meaning "to move." You can "bewegen" an object by pulling it, pushing it, or lifting it. "Ziehen" specifically describes the pulling action. For clothing, "anziehen" means "to put on" (clothing), and "sich anziehen" means "to get dressed." While "ziehen" is part of "anziehen," the latter is more specific to wearing clothes. When something is drawn or attracted, "anziehen" can also be used. For instance, "Der Magnet zieht Eisen an" (The magnet attracts iron). This "an-" prefix often indicates attraction or drawing towards. In the context of travel, "fahren" means "to drive" or "to travel," but you might "einen Wagen ziehen" (pull a cart) while "fahren." Understanding these distinctions is crucial for precise communication. "Ziehen" is about the physical act of pulling, "schieben" about pushing, "reißen" about tearing, "bewegen" about general movement, and "anziehen" about putting on or attracting.
- Ziehen vs. Schieben
- "Ziehen" means to pull, while "schieben" means to push. They are direct antonyms describing opposite directions of force application.
- Ziehen vs. Reißen
- "Ziehen" is the act of pulling. "Reißen" means to tear or rip, which can be the result of too much pulling.
- Ziehen vs. Bewegen
- "Ziehen" is a specific type of "bewegen" (to move). "Bewegen" is a general term for causing motion.
- Ziehen vs. Anziehen
- "Ziehen" is the verb 'to pull'. "Anziehen" can mean 'to put on' (clothes) or 'to attract'. "Sich anziehen" means 'to get dressed'.
Ich ziehe den Wagen. Mein Bruder schiebt den Einkaufskorb.
Er zieht seinen Pullover an.
How Formal Is It?
趣味小知识
The word 'ziehen' is so fundamental that it forms the basis for many related words and phrases in German. For example, 'der Zug' can mean a train (something that pulls others), a draft (air being pulled), or a pull itself. This illustrates how a core verb can branch out to describe various concepts.
发音指南
- Pronouncing 'z' as a voiced 'z' like in 'zoo'. It should be an unvoiced 'ts' sound.
- Shortening the 'ie' vowel sound, making it sound like 'ih' instead of 'ee'.
- Adding an 'h' sound after the 'i' or before the 'e'.
难度评级
At A1/A2, 'ziehen' is straightforward. As complexity increases with figurative meanings and compound verbs at B1+, difficulty rises. Understanding context is key.
Basic usage is easy. Mastering irregular conjugations and figurative uses requires practice.
Pronunciation is manageable. Using it correctly in varied contexts takes time and exposure.
Recognizing the sound is easy. Distinguishing meaning based on context is crucial.
接下来学什么
前置知识
接下来学习
高级
需要掌握的语法
Conjugation of strong verbs (irregular verbs).
"Ziehen" is a strong verb. Its past tense is "zog" and its past participle is "gezogen", not formed by adding '-t' or '-ed'.
Use of reflexive pronouns with verbs.
When "ziehen" is used reflexively (e.g., "sich anziehen"), the reflexive pronoun (mich, dich, sich, uns, euch, sich) must agree with the subject.
Prepositional phrases with verbs of motion.
"Ziehen" is often followed by prepositions like 'an', 'aus', 'in', 'durch', which specify the direction or manner of pulling.
Formation of perfect tense.
The perfect tense of "ziehen" uses the auxiliary verb "haben" and the past participle "gezogen" (e.g., "Ich habe gezogen.").
Imperative mood.
For informal singular 'du', the imperative is 'Zieh!' For plural 'ihr', it's 'Zieht!'. For formal 'Sie', it's 'Ziehen Sie!'.
按水平分级的例句
Ich ziehe die Tür auf.
I pull the door open.
Simple present tense, subject-verb-object structure.
Er zieht den Koffer.
He pulls the suitcase.
Subject-verb-object, present tense.
Bitte ziehe den Stuhl näher.
Please pull the chair closer.
Imperative form of "ziehen" with an adverb."näher" (closer).
Der Hund zieht an der Leine.
The dog pulls on the leash.
Verb "ziehen" with preposition "an" (on).
Sie zieht das Kind am Arm.
She pulls the child by the arm.
Subject-verb-object with a prepositional phrase indicating the body part.
Wir ziehen den Tisch.
We pull the table.
Plural subject, present tense."ziehen" is the plural form.
Zieh die Jacke an.
Put on the jacket.
Imperative form of the reflexive verb "sich anziehen" (to get dressed).
Der Wind zieht.
The wind is blowing/pulling.
Simple subject-verb, used for wind movement.
Er zog den schweren Koffer hinter sich her.
He pulled the heavy suitcase behind him.
Past tense (Präteritum) of "ziehen"; "hinter sich her" indicates pulling something along.
Sie hat sich schnell angezogen.
She got dressed quickly.
Perfect tense (Perfekt) of the reflexive verb "sich anziehen".
Der Lehrer zieht die Kinder in den Unterricht.
The teacher draws the children into the lesson.
Figurative use of "ziehen" with "in" to mean drawing attention or interest.
Wir müssen den Wagen aus der Garage ziehen.
We have to pull the car out of the garage.
Modal verb "müssen" with infinitive "ziehen"; preposition "aus" (out of).
Ein kalter Luftzug zog durch das Zimmer.
A cold draft pulled through the room.
Past tense of "ziehen" used to describe a draft of air.
Kannst du bitte die Tür für mich aufziehen?
Can you please pull the door open for me?
Modal verb "können" with infinitive "aufziehen" (to pull open).
Sie zieht ihre Schuhe aus.
She takes off her shoes.
Reflexive verb "sich ausziehen" (to get undressed/take off clothes).
Der Maler zieht eine Linie auf die Leinwand.
The painter draws a line on the canvas.
Verb "ziehen" used for drawing a line.
Die neue Ausstellung zieht viele Besucher an.
The new exhibition attracts many visitors.
Figurative use of "anziehen" (to attract), related to "ziehen."
Er musste sich aus der Situation ziehen.
He had to extricate himself from the situation.
Figurative use of "sich ziehen" meaning to withdraw or extricate oneself.
Der Schmerz zieht in meinem Bein.
The pain is pulling/aching in my leg.
Describing a persistent, dull pain that feels like it's pulling or throbbing.
Sie zog die Schlussfolgerung, dass er unschuldig war.
She drew the conclusion that he was innocent.
Figurative use of "ziehen" for drawing conclusions or inferences.
Die Bundesregierung versucht, mehr Investitionen ins Land zu ziehen.
The federal government is trying to attract more investments into the country.
Figurative use of "ziehen" to mean attract or draw in.
Er fühlte, wie die Kälte tief in seine Knochen zog.
He felt the cold penetrate deep into his bones.
Describing the sensation of cold seeping in.
Die Band zog ein riesiges Publikum an.
The band attracted a huge audience.
Use of "anziehen" (to attract) related to "ziehen."
Man muss das Beste aus jeder Situation ziehen.
One must make the best of every situation.
Idiomatic use of "ziehen" to mean derive or gain from.
Die neue Technologie zieht eine Reihe von Herausforderungen nach sich.
The new technology entails a series of challenges.
Use of "nach sich ziehen" meaning to entail or bring about.
Er zog sich aus der Affäre, indem er die Schuld auf sich nahm.
He extricated himself from the affair by taking the blame.
Figurative use of "sich ziehen" meaning to withdraw or get out of a difficult situation.
Die Geschichte zieht den Leser sofort in ihren Bann.
The story immediately captivates the reader.
Figurative use of "in den Bann ziehen" meaning to captivate or fascinate.
Die Wirtschaftspolitik muss darauf abzielen, Kapital ins Land zu ziehen.
Economic policy must aim to draw capital into the country.
Figurative use of "ziehen" to attract economic capital.
Die anhaltende Trockenheit zieht den Pflanzen zu schaffen.
The persistent drought is taking its toll on the plants.
Figurative use of "zu schaffen ziehen" meaning to cause problems or take a toll.
Er hat versucht, die Wahrheit aus ihr herauszuziehen.
He tried to extract the truth from her.
Use of "herausziehen" meaning to pull out or extract.
Die Debatte zog sich über mehrere Stunden.
The debate dragged on for several hours.
Use of "sich ziehen" meaning to drag on or last a long time.
Die Entscheidung, das Projekt einzustellen, zog weitreichende Konsequenzen nach sich.
The decision to discontinue the project entailed far-reaching consequences.
Use of "nach sich ziehen" meaning to entail or result in.
Die ungeklärten Umstände zogen eine Welle der Spekulationen nach sich.
The unresolved circumstances triggered a wave of speculation.
Sophisticated use of "nach sich ziehen" to describe the causation of events.
Er bemühte sich, seine wahren Gefühle nicht nach außen ziehen zu lassen.
He endeavored not to let his true feelings show.
Figurative use of "nach außen ziehen lassen" meaning to reveal or betray.
Die Kunstform zog ihn tief in ihren Bann, sodass er Stunden vergaß.
The art form captivated him deeply, causing him to forget hours.
Intensified figurative use of "in seinen Bann ziehen."
Die politische Entwicklung zog eine Verlegung der Produktionsstätten nach sich.
The political development led to the relocation of production sites.
Complex causal relationship described by "nach sich ziehen."
Sie versuchte, sich aus der metaphorischen Umklammerung seiner Worte zu ziehen.
She tried to extricate herself from the metaphorical grip of his words.
Highly figurative use of "sich ziehen" in a psychological context.
Der Autor zog Parallelen zwischen den beiden historischen Epochen.
The author drew parallels between the two historical epochs.
Figurative use of "ziehen" for establishing connections or comparisons.
Das Buch zieht den Leser unaufhaltsam in eine düstere Welt.
The book relentlessly draws the reader into a dark world.
Emphasizing the irresistible nature of being drawn in.
Die Entdeckung zog eine Neubewertung der wissenschaftlichen Theorien nach sich.
The discovery necessitated a re-evaluation of scientific theories.
Formal and academic use of "nach sich ziehen."
Die subtilen Nuancen der Prosa zogen ihn in eine Welt jenseits des Greifbaren.
The subtle nuances of the prose drew him into a world beyond the tangible.
Highly poetic and abstract use of "ziehen" to describe literary immersion.
Der philosophische Diskurs zog eine kritische Auseinandersetzung mit den Grundfesten des Denkens nach sich.
The philosophical discourse entailed a critical examination of the foundations of thought.
Advanced academic usage of "nach sich ziehen" in a highly theoretical context.
Die Melancholie des Stücks zog sich wie ein roter Faden durch die gesamte Handlung.
The melancholy of the play ran like a common thread through the entire plot.
Idiomatic and sophisticated use of "sich ziehen wie ein roter Faden" (to run like a common thread).
Er versuchte, sich von der bedrückenden Atmosphäre des Ortes zu ziehen, doch sie schien ihn festzuhalten.
He tried to pull himself away from the oppressive atmosphere of the place, but it seemed to hold him fast.
Intense and evocative use of "sich ziehen" to describe resistance against an encompassing force.
Die Verflechtung der Ereignisse zog eine Kaskade von unvorhergesehenen Entwicklungen nach sich.
The intertwining of events triggered a cascade of unforeseen developments.
Highly descriptive and advanced use of "nach sich ziehen" to convey complex causality.
Die Lyrik zog ihn unwiderstehlich in den Sog ihrer Wortgewalt.
The lyricism irresistibly drew him into the vortex of its verbal power.
Poetic and intense use of "ziehen" to describe being overwhelmed by language.
Die historische Kontinuität zog sich durch die Jahrhunderte und formte die Identität der Nation.
The historical continuity extended through the centuries, shaping the nation's identity.
Elegant and comprehensive use of "sich ziehen" to describe long-term influence.
Die verborgene Bedeutung des Textes zog sich wie ein Moiré-Effekt durch die vielschichtigen Interpretationen.
The hidden meaning of the text ran like a moiré effect through the multifaceted interpretations.
Highly metaphorical and sophisticated use of "sich ziehen" to describe the pervasive nature of a meaning.
常见搭配
常用短语
— That's amazing! / That blows my mind! (Literally: That pulls my shoes off!)
Was für ein Konzert! Das zieht mir die Schuhe aus!
— Something entails or causes something else.
Die neue Regelung zieht Änderungen nach sich.
容易混淆的词
'Ziehen' means to pull, while 'schieben' means to push. They are opposite actions.
'Ziehen' is the base verb 'to pull'. 'Anziehen' can mean 'to put on' (clothing) or 'to attract'. 'Sich anziehen' specifically means 'to get dressed'.
'Ziehen' is the action of pulling. 'Reißen' means to tear or rip, which can be a consequence of pulling too hard.
习语与表达
— Time is passing very slowly, often due to boredom or impatience.
Ich warte schon eine Stunde, die Zeit zieht sich.
Neutral— To captivate, fascinate, or enchant someone.
Der Zauberer zog das Publikum mit seinen Tricks in den Bann.
Neutral/Slightly formal— To draw a conclusion or inference from information or events.
Aus den vorliegenden Beweisen können wir einen klaren Schluss ziehen.
Neutral/Formal— To attract attention, to become the center of notice.
Sein auffälliges Outfit zog die Aufmerksamkeit aller auf sich.
Neutral— To extricate oneself from a difficult or compromising situation.
Er versuchte, sich aus der unangenehmen Situation zu ziehen, aber es gelang ihm nicht.
Neutral/Informal— To entail, to bring about, to result in.
Die Entscheidung des Gerichts zog weitreichende Konsequenzen nach sich.
Formal— To be a recurring theme or element throughout something (e.g., a book, a speech).
Die Idee der Gerechtigkeit zog sich wie ein roter Faden durch seinen Roman.
Neutral— To make the best of a situation, to derive the maximum benefit from it.
Auch in schwierigen Zeiten muss man versuchen, das Beste daraus zu ziehen.
Neutral— To invent or make something up; to fabricate a story.
Seine Ausreden klangen, als hätte er sie sich gerade aus den Fingern gezogen.
Informal— To put pressure on someone, to increase demands or restrictions.
Die Bank zieht die Daumenschrauben an und fordert sofortige Rückzahlung.
Informal/Figurative容易混淆
Both verbs describe actions of moving objects and are often used in contrast to each other.
'Ziehen' means to pull something towards oneself or in a specific direction. 'Schieben' means to push something away from oneself or in a specific direction. For example, you 'ziehen' a door open towards you, but you 'schieben' it closed away from you.
Ich ziehe den Tisch zu mir heran. Du schiebst den Schrank zur Seite.
Both involve a sense of movement and 'ziehen' is part of 'anziehen'.
'Ziehen' is the general verb 'to pull'. 'Anziehen' has two main meanings: 1. To put on clothing ('Ich ziehe meinen Mantel an' - I put on my coat). 2. To attract ('Der Magnet zieht Eisen an' - The magnet attracts iron). 'Sich anziehen' means 'to get dressed'.
Er zieht den Wagen. Sie zieht ihre Schuhe an.
Both can involve force and movement.
'Ziehen' is the act of pulling. 'Reißen' means to tear or rip. Tearing can be the result of pulling too hard. For example, if you pull too hard on a piece of paper, it might 'reißen'.
Wenn du zu stark ziehst, reißt das Papier. Ich ziehe am Seil.
'Herausziehen' is a compound verb that includes 'ziehen'.
'Ziehen' is the general verb 'to pull'. 'Herausziehen' specifically means 'to pull out' or 'to extract' something from a confined space or a larger entity. It implies movement from inside to outside.
Er zieht den Schlüssel aus dem Schloss. (He pulls the key out of the lock.)
It's a common idiomatic phrase using the verb 'ziehen'.
'Ziehen' is the literal action of pulling. 'Nach sich ziehen' is a figurative expression meaning 'to entail', 'to bring about', or 'to result in'. It describes consequences or effects.
Die Entscheidung zog weitreichende Konsequenzen nach sich. (The decision entailed far-reaching consequences.)
句型
Subject + ziehen + Object.
Ich ziehe den Wagen.
Imperative + Object.
Zieh die Tür auf!
Subject + ziehen + an + Dativ-Object.
Der Hund zieht an der Leine.
Subject + sich + anziehen.
Wir ziehen uns jetzt an.
Subject + ziehen + (Object) + in + Akkusativ-Object.
Die Geschichte zieht mich in ihren Bann.
Subject + ziehen + (Object) + nach sich.
Das Wetter zieht Probleme nach sich.
Subject + (Modalverb) + Object + ziehen (infinitive).
Sie muss den Wagen ziehen.
Subject + ziehen + (Object) + aus + Dativ-Object.
Er zog wichtige Lehren aus der Erfahrung.
词族
名词
动词
相关
如何使用
Very high
-
Pronouncing 'z' as 'z' instead of 'ts'.
→
Pronouncing 'z' as 'ts'.
The German 'z' at the beginning of words like 'ziehen' sounds like 'ts' in English 'cats', not like the voiced 'z' in 'zoo'. This is a common pronunciation hurdle for English speakers.
-
Using regular past tense endings.
→
Using irregular past tense forms ('zog', 'gezogen').
As an irregular verb, 'ziehen' does not form its past tense by adding '-t' or '-ed'. Learners often mistakenly say 'ziehte' or 'gezoht'. The correct forms are 'zog' (Präteritum) and 'gezogen' (Partizip II).
-
Confusing 'ziehen' with 'schieben'.
→
Using 'ziehen' for pulling and 'schieben' for pushing.
'Ziehen' means to pull, while 'schieben' means to push. These are direct opposites. Mistaking them leads to incorrect descriptions of movement.
-
Incorrect use of reflexive pronoun with 'sich anziehen'.
→
Using the correct reflexive pronoun ('mich', 'dich', 'sich', etc.).
The verb 'sich anziehen' (to get dressed) is reflexive. Learners sometimes forget the reflexive pronoun or use the wrong one (e.g., 'Ich anziehen' instead of 'Ich ziehe mich an').
-
Misinterpreting figurative meanings.
→
Understanding the context to determine literal vs. figurative meaning.
Sentences like 'Die Zeit zieht sich' or 'Er zieht einen Schluss' use 'ziehen' figuratively. Beginners might try to interpret them literally as physical pulling, leading to confusion.
小贴士
Master the 'ts' Sound
The German 'z' at the beginning of 'ziehen' is pronounced like 'ts' in English words like 'cats' or 'tsunami'. Practice saying 'ts-ie-en' to get the sound right. Avoid pronouncing it like the English 'z' in 'zoo'.
Visualize the Action
When you encounter 'ziehen', picture someone physically pulling something. Imagine a strong person tugging on a rope or a child pulling a toy wagon. This visual aid can help reinforce the meaning and make it easier to recall.
Learn Irregular Forms
Since 'ziehen' is an irregular verb, make sure to learn its past tense ('zog') and past participle ('gezogen') forms. These are essential for forming past tenses and will appear frequently in texts and conversations.
Explore Compound Verbs
'Ziehen' forms many useful compound verbs like 'herausziehen' (to pull out), 'nachziehen' (to follow/pull along), and 'sich anziehen' (to get dressed). Learning these will significantly expand your vocabulary.
Sentence Building
Try to create your own sentences using 'ziehen' in different tenses and contexts. Describe actions you do at home, things you see outside, or even feelings you experience.
Listen for 'Ziehen' in Media
When watching German movies, listening to German music, or reading German news, actively listen for the verb 'ziehen'. Try to identify its meaning in context. This is a great way to improve your comprehension.
Contrast with 'Schieben'
Always remember the direct opposite: 'schieben' means 'to push'. Mentally contrasting 'ziehen' and 'schieben' can help solidify their distinct meanings.
Learn Common Idiomatic Expressions
Familiarize yourself with common idiomatic phrases like 'Die Zeit zieht sich' (Time is dragging) or 'jemanden in den Bann ziehen' (to captivate someone). These expressions are frequently used by native speakers.
Use it in Conversation
Don't be afraid to use 'ziehen' in your German conversations. Start with simple sentences and gradually incorporate more complex uses as you become more comfortable. Practice makes perfect!
记住它
记忆技巧
Imagine a strong person *pulling* a heavy wagon. The wagon is 'ziegh' (sounds like 'zieg') and the action is 'en' (like 'enduring' the effort). So, 'zieg-en' for pulling a wagon.
视觉联想
Picture a rope being pulled taut. Visualize the word 'ZIEHEN' written on the rope itself, emphasizing the act of pulling.
Word Web
挑战
Try to describe five everyday actions you perform using the verb 'ziehen'. For example, 'I pull my chair closer' or 'I pull on my socks'.
词源
The German verb 'ziehen' originates from the Proto-Germanic word *ætanìan*, which also meant 'to pull' or 'to drag'. This root is related to similar words in other Germanic languages, such as Old English 'tēon' (to draw, pull) and Old Norse 'tīna' (to draw out). The meaning has remained remarkably consistent throughout the history of the language, reflecting the fundamental nature of the action it describes.
原始含义： To pull, to drag, to draw.
Germanic文化背景
The verb 'ziehen' itself is generally neutral. However, specific contexts can make it sensitive. For example, 'an der Leine ziehen' when referring to animals can be discussed in terms of animal welfare if the pulling is excessive or harsh. Similarly, describing a painful sensation as 'ziehend' (pulling/aching) is a common way to express discomfort.
In English, 'to pull' is a very common verb. Its German counterpart, 'ziehen', carries a similar weight of everyday utility. While English might have more nuanced verbs for specific types of pulling (e.g., tug, haul, drag), 'ziehen' covers a broad spectrum in German.
在生活中练习
真实语境
Opening and closing doors.
- Die Tür aufziehen
- Die Tür zudrehen (related, but different action)
- Ziehen Sie bitte die Tür zu sich heran.
Moving objects.
- Den Koffer ziehen
- Den Wagen ziehen
- Den Tisch ziehen
Personal care and clothing.
- Sich anziehen
- Sich ausziehen
- Die Schuhe anziehen
Sensations and weather.
- Es zieht (a draft)
- Der Schmerz zieht.
Figurative meanings.
- Einen Schluss ziehen
- Die Aufmerksamkeit auf sich ziehen
- Das zieht nach sich.
对话开场白
"Was ziehst du heute an?"
"Zieh bitte die Gardine auf, damit mehr Licht hereinkommt."
"Hast du deinen Koffer schon gepackt und bist du bereit, ihn zu ziehen?"
"Wenn der Wind so stark zieht, ziehe ich lieber einen Pullover an."
"Ich habe einen komischen Schmerz, der im Arm zieht."
日记主题
Beschreiben Sie eine Situation, in der Sie etwas mit großer Kraft ziehen mussten. Was war es und warum?
Wie würden Sie den Unterschied zwischen 'ziehen' und 'schieben' einem Kind erklären?
Denken Sie an eine Zeit, in der Sie sich 'angezogen' haben. Beschreiben Sie Ihre Kleidung und warum Sie sich dafür entschieden haben.
Welche Art von Musik oder Film 'zieht Sie in seinen Bann'? Erklären Sie, was Sie daran fasziniert.
Denken Sie über eine Entscheidung nach, die Sie getroffen haben. Welche Konsequenzen hat diese Entscheidung 'nach sich gezogen'?
常见问题
10 个问题The most fundamental meaning of 'ziehen' is 'to pull'. It describes the action of exerting force to move something towards yourself or in a specific direction. For example, 'Ich ziehe die Tür auf' means 'I pull the door open'.
'Ziehen' is an irregular (strong) verb. This means its past tense and past participle forms are not created by simply adding '-t' or '-ed'. You need to memorize its forms: 'zog' (past tense) and 'gezogen' (past participle).
'Sich anziehen' is a reflexive verb that means 'to get dressed'. The 'sich' indicates that the action is performed by the subject on itself. For example, 'Ich ziehe mich an' means 'I am getting dressed'.
'Ziehen' is often used with prepositions to specify the direction or manner of pulling. Common examples include 'an' (to pull on, e.g., 'an der Leine ziehen'), 'aus' (to pull out, e.g., 'etwas aus der Schublade ziehen'), and 'durch' (to pull through, e.g., 'Luft zieht durch das Zimmer').
Yes, 'ziehen' has several figurative meanings. It can mean 'to attract' (often as part of 'anziehen'), 'to draw a conclusion' ('einen Schluss ziehen'), 'to entail consequences' ('etwas nach sich ziehen'), or to describe a persistent ache ('der Schmerz zieht').
The most direct opposite of 'ziehen' (to pull) is 'schieben' (to push). They describe opposing forces applied to move an object.
The pronunciation is approximately 'TSEE-en'. The 'z' is pronounced like 'ts' (as in 'cats'), the 'ie' is a long 'ee' sound (as in 'see'), and the '-en' at the end is a soft schwa sound (like the 'a' in 'about'). The stress is on the first syllable.
Common phrases include 'Ziehen wir los!' (Let's go!), 'Die Zeit zieht sich' (Time is dragging), and 'jemanden in den Bann ziehen' (to captivate someone).
Yes, 'ziehen' can be used for drawing lines, for example, 'Der Künstler zieht eine Linie auf die Leinwand' (The artist draws a line on the canvas). However, for drawing pictures in general, 'zeichnen' is more common.
'Ziehen' is the general verb 'to pull'. 'Entziehen' is a prefixed verb that means 'to withdraw', 'to remove', or 'to deprive'. For example, 'Man kann ihm nicht die Rechte entziehen' (One cannot deprive him of his rights).
自我测试 10 个问题
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The verb 'ziehen' fundamentally means 'to pull' and is essential for describing physical actions of moving objects towards oneself or in a specific direction. Its irregular conjugation requires memorization of forms like 'zog' and 'gezogen'.
- To pull something towards oneself or in a direction.
- Used for physical actions like pulling doors or suitcases.
- Can also describe drafts of air or aching sensations.
- Irregular verb; learn its forms like 'zog' and 'gezogen'.
Master the 'ts' Sound
The German 'z' at the beginning of 'ziehen' is pronounced like 'ts' in English words like 'cats' or 'tsunami'. Practice saying 'ts-ie-en' to get the sound right. Avoid pronouncing it like the English 'z' in 'zoo'.
Visualize the Action
When you encounter 'ziehen', picture someone physically pulling something. Imagine a strong person tugging on a rope or a child pulling a toy wagon. This visual aid can help reinforce the meaning and make it easier to recall.
Learn Irregular Forms
Since 'ziehen' is an irregular verb, make sure to learn its past tense ('zog') and past participle ('gezogen') forms. These are essential for forming past tenses and will appear frequently in texts and conversations.
Context is Key for Figurative Meanings
While the literal meaning of 'pull' is common, 'ziehen' also has figurative uses (e.g., 'to entail', 'to attract', 'to draw a conclusion'). Always pay attention to the surrounding words to understand which meaning is intended.
相关内容
相关表达
更多general词汇
ab
A1从……起。 '从明天起我开始运动。' (Ab morgen treibe ich Sport.)
abends
A2在晚上 / 每天晚上。 '我晚上看书。'
aber
A1“aber”的意思是“但是”。它用于连接两个相反或对比的想法。
abgelegen
B1remote
ablehnen
A2拒绝提议或邀请。他拒绝了我的帮助。
abschließen
A2用钥匙锁门。完成学业或签署合同（如保险）。
abseits
A2abseits表示某物位于主要区域或常规路径之外。
acht
A1数字八 (8)。
Achte
A1第八（序数）。
achten
A2注意（与auf连用）或尊重（某人/某事）。
