When you want to excuse someone for a mistake, or to forgive them, you can use the verb perdonar.
For example, if someone bumps into you, you might say Te perdono (I forgive you).
It's also used in the phrase Perdona or Perdone (Excuse me) when you want to get someone's attention or apologize for a minor inconvenience.
You can also use it to say you forgive a debt, like Perdoné la deuda (I forgave the debt).
When using perdonar at a B2 level, you'll want to understand its nuances in more complex social interactions. While it still means 'to forgive' or 'to excuse,' it can also imply pardoning a minor offense or overlooking a fault, especially in spoken language. For example, you might hear "Perdona que te interrumpa," meaning 'Excuse me for interrupting you,' which is a polite way to interject. It's often used reflexively, such as "Perdonarse a sí mismo" (to forgive oneself), highlighting a deeper internal process. Additionally, it can be used in more formal contexts when discussing legal pardons or clemency.
难度评级
short
short
short
short
接下来学什么
前置知识
接下来学习
高级
按水平分级的例句
Perdóname por haber actuado de esa manera tan irreflexiva; prometo que no volverá a ocurrir.
Forgive me for acting so thoughtlessly; I promise it won't happen again.
Here, 'perdonar' is used as a reflexive verb, 'perdonarse', meaning 'to forgive oneself' or 'to ask for forgiveness from someone'.
Aunque fue un error garrafal, decidió perdonar a su colega para mantener la armonía en el equipo.
Although it was a colossal mistake, he decided to forgive his colleague to maintain harmony in the team.
'Perdonar' is used transitively with a direct object 'a su colega'.
Es fundamental aprender a perdonar, no tanto por el otro, sino por la propia paz mental.
It's essential to learn to forgive, not so much for the other person, but for one's own peace of mind.
Used in the infinitive form as the object of 'aprender a'.
No puedo perdonarme el haber perdido una oportunidad tan valiosa por mi indecisión.
I can't forgive myself for having lost such a valuable opportunity due to my indecision.
Reflexive use of 'perdonar' combined with the perfect infinitive 'haber perdido'.
Ella siempre ha tenido la capacidad de perdonar incluso las ofensas más profundas, lo cual admiro mucho.
She has always had the ability to forgive even the deepest offenses, which I admire greatly.
'Perdonar' is used transitively with the direct object 'las ofensas más profundas'.
Si no eres capaz de perdonar los errores ajenos, te resultará muy difícil avanzar en la vida.
If you're not capable of forgiving others' mistakes, you'll find it very difficult to move forward in life.
Used after the preposition 'de' in the structure 'ser capaz de + infinitive'.
A veces, lo más difícil es perdonarse a uno mismo por las decisiones equivocadas del pasado.
Sometimes, the hardest thing is to forgive oneself for past wrong decisions.
Reflexive use of 'perdonar' with the indefinite pronoun 'uno mismo' for emphasis.
Aunque le costó mucho, finalmente decidió perdonar a quienes le habían traicionado, buscando cerrar ese capítulo.
Although it cost him a lot, he finally decided to forgive those who had betrayed him, seeking to close that chapter.
Used transitively with the relative pronoun 'quienes' as the object.
容易混淆的词
While 'perdonar' can mean 'to excuse someone for a mistake,' this often leads to confusion with 'disculpar' or 'excusar,' which are used in different contexts for less severe situations or for providing reasons.
Many learners think 'perdonar' means 'to apologize.' The correct phrase for 'to apologize' is 'pedir perdón' or 'disculparse.' 'Perdonar' is the act of granting forgiveness.
The English idiom 'forgive and forget' sometimes causes learners to incorrectly link 'perdonar' with 'olvidar.' 'Perdonar' is about forgiveness, 'olvidar' is about forgetting.
容易混淆
'Pedir perdón' is often confused with 'perdonar' because both relate to apologies or forgiveness. However, 'pedir perdón' specifically means 'to ask for forgiveness' or 'to apologize,' focusing on the act of seeking pardon.
'Perdonar' means 'to forgive,' an action taken by the person who was wronged. 'Pedir perdón' means 'to ask for forgiveness,' an action taken by the person who committed the wrong.
Yo pido perdón por mi error. (I apologize for my mistake.)
Many learners confuse 'disculpar' with 'perdonar' because both can be used when apologizing or excusing someone. While 'disculpar' can mean 'to excuse' or 'to pardon' (often for minor offenses), 'perdonar' carries a stronger sense of forgiving a more significant wrong.
'Disculpar' is more commonly used for minor apologies or to excuse someone for a small inconvenience. 'Perdonar' is used for deeper forgiveness, often involving moral or emotional offenses.
Disculpa la interrupción. (Excuse the interruption.)
Sometimes, learners might mistakenly associate 'olvidar' with 'perdonar' due to the English phrase 'forgive and forget.' However, 'olvidar' strictly means 'to forget,' and does not imply forgiveness.
'Perdonar' means to let go of resentment or anger towards someone for a wrong they committed. 'Olvidar' means to lose remembrance of something.
Olvidé mi cartera en casa. (I forgot my wallet at home.)
This phrase can be confused with 'perdonar' because accepting an apology is a step towards forgiveness. However, 'aceptar una disculpa' specifically means to acknowledge and accept someone's apology, not necessarily to grant full forgiveness.
'Aceptar una disculpa' is the act of receiving an apology. 'Perdonar' is the act of granting forgiveness, which may or may not immediately follow accepting an apology.
Acepto tu disculpa. (I accept your apology.)
The English definition of 'perdonar' includes 'to excuse someone for a mistake,' which can lead to confusion with the direct Spanish equivalent 'excusar.' While 'excusar' can mean 'to excuse,' it often refers to providing a reason for something or getting someone out of an obligation, rather than forgiving a moral wrong.
'Excusar' often means to justify or provide an excuse for an action, or to exempt someone from a duty. 'Perdonar' means to absolve someone of blame or resentment for a wrong.
Él excusó su tardanza con el tráfico. (He excused his lateness with the traffic.)
自我测试 36 个问题
Yo no puedo ___ tu error.
The sentence means 'I cannot forgive your mistake.' The verb 'perdonar' fits the context.
¿Puedes ___me, por favor?
The sentence asks 'Can you forgive me, please?' 'Perdonar' means to forgive.
Ella quiere ___ a su hermano.
The sentence means 'She wants to forgive her brother.' 'Perdonar' is the correct verb.
Necesitas ___ a tus amigos.
The sentence means 'You need to forgive your friends.' 'Perdonar' is the appropriate verb here.
Él no sabe cómo ___.
The sentence means 'He doesn't know how to forgive.' 'Perdonar' completes the sentence meaningfully.
Vamos a ___lo todo.
The sentence means 'We are going to forgive everything.' 'Perdonar' fits the context.
I forgive my friend.
Can you forgive me?
She doesn't want to forgive.
Read this aloud:
Perdona mi error.
Focus: peh-r-doh-nah
你说的：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Él perdona rápido.
Focus: peh-r-doh-nah
你说的：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Nosotros perdonamos.
Focus: peh-r-doh-nah-mohs
你说的：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Write a short sentence asking someone to forgive you for a small mistake, like being late. Use 'perdonar'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Perdona que llegué tarde.
Imagine your friend spilled coffee. Write a simple sentence telling them you forgive them. Use 'perdonar'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Te perdono, no importa.
Write a sentence in Spanish about asking for forgiveness from a parent for a minor error. Use 'perdonar'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Perdóname, mamá, por mi error.
¿Qué hace Pedro?
Read this passage:
Ana dice: 'Lo siento mucho, Pedro.' Pedro responde: 'Está bien, te perdono.'
¿Qué hace Pedro?
Pedro dice 'te perdono', que significa 'I forgive you'.
Pedro dice 'te perdono', que significa 'I forgive you'.
¿Qué recomienda la profesora?
Read this passage:
La profesora dice a los estudiantes: 'Es importante perdonar a los amigos cuando cometen errores.'
¿Qué recomienda la profesora?
La profesora dice 'es importante perdonar a los amigos'.
La profesora dice 'es importante perdonar a los amigos'.
¿Qué quería Juan que hiciera María?
Read this passage:
Juan le dijo a María: 'Por favor, perdóname por llegar tarde.' María sonrió y dijo: 'No hay problema.'
¿Qué quería Juan que hiciera María?
Juan dice 'por favor, perdóname', pidiendo perdón.
Juan dice 'por favor, perdóname', pidiendo perdón.
Yo no puedo ___ tu error esta vez. (I cannot ___ your mistake this time.)
The verb 'perdonar' means to forgive or excuse, which fits the context of not being able to excuse an error.
¿Puedes ___me por llegar tarde? (Can you ___ me for being late?)
To ask for forgiveness for being late, 'perdonar' is the correct verb.
Ella decidió ___ a su amigo después de la discusión. (She decided to ___ her friend after the argument.)
After an argument, deciding to forgive someone is a common action, so 'perdonar' fits well.
Le pedí que me ___ por lo que hice. (I asked him to ___ me for what I did.)
The subjunctive form 'perdonara' is used here because it follows 'pedir que' (to ask that), expressing a request for forgiveness.
Es importante aprender a ___ a los demás. (It's important to learn to ___ others.)
Learning to forgive others is a common ethical concept, making 'perdonar' the appropriate verb.
Él no puede ___ sus propios errores. (He cannot ___ his own mistakes.)
Inability to forgive one's own mistakes is a common struggle, and 'perdonar' conveys this meaning.
No puedo creer que me haya olvidado de tu cumpleaños. Por favor, ___.
'Perdóname' is the imperative form used to ask for forgiveness directly from 'tú' (you).
Después de tanto tiempo, creo que es hora de ___ y seguir adelante.
Here, 'perdonar' is used as an infinitive, indicating the general act of forgiving.
Aunque la ofensa fue grande, ella decidió ___ a su hermano.
'Perdonarle' means 'to forgive him/her'. The 'le' refers to 'su hermano'.
No sé si alguna vez podré ___ lo que me hiciste.
'Perdonarte' means 'to forgive you', referring to the person who did something.
Él es incapaz de ___ a quienes le fallan, lo que le causa mucho resentimiento.
The infinitive 'perdonar' is used here after 'incapaz de' (incapable of).
Es difícil ___ un error que ha causado tanto daño.
Similar to the previous example, the infinitive 'perdonar' is used here to express the general act of forgiving an error.
Choose the most appropriate synonym for "perdonar" in the context of legal clemency.
"Absolver" means to acquit or pardon, which aligns with legal clemency. The other options imply punishment or judgment.
In a philosophical discussion about existential forgiveness, which of these concepts is most closely related to "perdonar"?
Existential forgiveness often involves a transcendent reconciliation with oneself or others, which aligns with the deeper meaning of "perdonar" in a philosophical sense. The other options are less directly related.
Which phrase best captures the essence of "perdonar" when referring to historical injustices that require societal acknowledgment and moving forward?
For historical injustices, "perdonar" implies acknowledging the past wrongs and striving to overcome their impact, rather than simply erasing or forgetting them. "Reconocer y superar" best reflects this complex process.
To truly "perdonar" in a profound psychological sense always requires the offender to explicitly ask for forgiveness.
While an apology can aid in the process, psychological forgiveness is often an internal process that can occur regardless of whether the offender seeks it. It's about releasing personal resentment, not necessarily conditional on external actions.
In certain theological interpretations, "perdonar" can be seen as an act of divine mercy that transcends human justice.
Many theological frameworks present forgiveness as a divine attribute or act of mercy that operates beyond the strictures of human legal or retributive justice.
If someone says, "Te perdono, pero no olvido," it implies a complete and unconditional act of forgetting the offense.
The phrase "Te perdono, pero no olvido" explicitly states that while forgiveness is granted, the memory of the offense remains. It does not imply forgetting.
/ 36 correct
Perfect score!
相关内容
更多communication词汇
acento
A2A distinctive manner of pronunciation; a stress on a syllable.
aceptar
A1To accept.
acerca de
A2On the subject of; regarding; about.
acertado
A2Correct, appropriate, or well-chosen.
aclaración
A2Clarification, the action of making something clearer.
aclarar
B1To make something clearer or easier to understand; to clarify.
aconsejar
A2To advise; to give counsel or guidance.
acuerdo
A2An agreement or a mutual understanding.
de acuerdo
A1okay, agreed
Adiós
A1Goodbye
