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A2 verb #2,500 最常用 11分钟阅读

انتخاب کردن

entekhab kardan
At the A1 level, learners are introduced to the most basic and fundamental uses of the verb انتخاب کردن. This verb is absolutely essential for everyday survival and simple communication in Persian-speaking environments. When you are at a basic level, you need to express your preferences, and this verb allows you to do exactly that in a straightforward manner. For instance, when you go to a restaurant, you must choose what to eat. You can point to the menu and use this verb to indicate your selection to the waiter. Similarly, when shopping for clothes, you will frequently need to state which shirt or pants you have decided to buy. The structure at this level is kept very simple, usually involving just the subject, the direct object with the marker 'ra', and the conjugated verb. You do not need to worry about complex subordinate clauses or advanced prepositions yet. Just focus on mastering the present and simple past tense forms for the first and second person. I choose, you choose, I chose, you chose. These are the building blocks of interaction. Furthermore, understanding this verb helps you comprehend simple questions directed at you, such as 'Which one do you choose?' This empowers you to engage in basic dialogues, make purchases, and express your daily needs. The vocabulary associated with these choices at the A1 level typically includes common nouns like food items, colors, days of the week, and basic objects. By practicing these simple combinations, you build a strong foundation for more complex expressions later on. Remember that repetition is key at this stage. Practice saying 'I choose the red apple' or 'I chose the blue book' repeatedly until the conjugation of the light verb 'kardan' becomes second nature. This will significantly boost your confidence and fluency in basic Persian conversations, paving the way for further linguistic development and cultural integration.
As you progress to the A2 level, your use of انتخاب کردن becomes more nuanced and integrated into slightly more complex sentence structures. You are no longer just pointing and choosing; you are beginning to explain the reasons behind your choices. At this stage, you will start using conjunctions like 'چون' (chon - because) or 'برای اینکه' (barāy-e inke - because) to justify why you selected a particular item or course of action. For example, 'من این کفش را انتخاب کردم چون راحت است' (I chose this shoe because it is comfortable). This ability to connect a choice with a reason is a hallmark of A2 proficiency. Additionally, you will become more comfortable using the preposition 'از بین' (az beyn-e - from among) to specify the options you are choosing from, adding detail to your descriptions. You will also start encountering and using the verb in future contexts, expressing what you plan to choose: 'فردا لباس جدیدم را انتخاب می‌کنم' (Tomorrow I will choose my new clothes). The contexts in which you use the verb expand from simple shopping to discussing daily routines, travel plans, and basic personal preferences with friends. You might discuss choosing a movie to watch or a place to meet. Furthermore, your grasp of conjugation improves, allowing you to comfortably use all persons (I, you, he/she, we, you all, they) in both present and past tenses without hesitation. This broader application of the verb allows for more meaningful and sustained conversations, moving beyond mere transactional exchanges to actual interpersonal communication. You will also begin to recognize the passive form 'انتخاب شدن' in simple news headlines or announcements, broadening your receptive skills.
Reaching the B1 level marks a significant shift in how you utilize انتخاب کردن. You move beyond concrete, physical objects and begin applying the verb to abstract concepts, life decisions, and future aspirations. At this intermediate stage, you are expected to discuss topics such as choosing a university major (انتخاب رشته), selecting a career path, or making moral choices. The language becomes more reflective and subjective. You will frequently use the subjunctive mood with this verb, following expressions of necessity, desire, or possibility. For instance, 'باید یک مسیر جدید انتخاب کنم' (I must choose a new path) or 'می‌خواهم دوستم را انتخاب کنم' (I want to choose my friend). This demonstrates a solid command of Persian modal verbs and complex sentence structures. Moreover, you will engage in discussions where you compare different options, weighing the pros and cons before stating your choice. You will use comparative and superlative adjectives in conjunction with the verb: 'من ارزان‌ترین گزینه را انتخاب کردم' (I chose the cheapest option). The ability to narrate past events involving choices also improves; you can tell a story about a difficult decision you had to make, using appropriate past continuous or past perfect tenses if necessary. In social contexts, you can politely navigate group decisions, suggesting options and asking for others' choices using appropriate polite forms. Your vocabulary expands to include related terms like 'تصمیم گرفتن' (to decide) and you can distinguish between the act of deciding and the act of choosing. Understanding these nuances allows you to express your thoughts, opinions, and personal history with much greater clarity and sophistication.
At the B2 level, your command of انتخاب کردن is expected to be highly fluent, accurate, and adaptable to a wide range of professional and academic contexts. You are now capable of participating in complex discussions regarding selections and elections. In a business environment, you can confidently discuss the process of selecting candidates for a job, choosing vendors, or determining strategic directions. You can articulate detailed criteria for making a choice and defend your selections against counterarguments. The vocabulary surrounding the verb becomes more specialized; you will use terms like 'معیار' (criterion), 'گزینه' (option), and 'اولویت' (priority) naturally alongside 'entekhāb kardan'. Furthermore, you are fully comfortable with the passive voice, using 'انتخاب شدن' (to be chosen/elected) to discuss political elections, committee appointments, or award recipients without needing to specify the agent. For example, 'او به عنوان مدیر جدید انتخاب شد' (He was elected as the new manager). Your understanding of register allows you to switch between informal, everyday usage and the formal, objective tone required in reports or presentations. You can also comprehend and produce hypothetical scenarios using conditional sentences: 'اگر من جای تو بودم، این را انتخاب نمی‌کردم' (If I were in your place, I would not have chosen this). At this level, errors in basic conjugation or the use of 'ra' are rare. You demonstrate a native-like intuition for when to use 'entekhāb kardan' versus its synonyms like 'bargozidan' or 'golchin kardan' based on the subtle stylistic requirements of the discourse. You can read and understand opinion pieces or news articles that critically analyze the choices made by public figures or governments.
Entering the C1 level, your use of انتخاب کردن transcends basic communication and enters the realm of sophisticated, nuanced, and stylistically refined discourse. You possess a deep understanding of the cultural, political, and literary connotations of the verb. In political discussions, you can analyze the intricacies of 'انتخابات' (elections), discussing electoral systems, voter behavior, and the implications of collective choices. You can effortlessly navigate complex academic texts where 'selection' is a methodological concept, such as in scientific research or sociological studies. Your vocabulary is rich with idiomatic expressions and collocations related to choosing. You can employ synonyms like 'برگزیدن' (bargozidan) naturally in formal writing or speeches to elevate your tone. You are adept at using the verb in highly abstract philosophical or psychological contexts, discussing concepts like free will (اراده آزاد), determinism, and the burden of choice. You can express subtle shades of meaning, such as a reluctant choice, a forced choice, or an arbitrary selection, using appropriate adverbs and complex syntactic structures. For example, 'او ناگزیر به انتخاب این مسیر دشوار شد' (He was inevitably forced to choose this difficult path). Your mastery of Persian grammar allows you to play with sentence structure for rhetorical effect, perhaps fronting the object for emphasis: 'این دقیقاً همان چیزی است که من انتخاب کردم' (This is exactly the very thing that I chose). At this advanced stage, you are not just conveying information; you are using the language to persuade, analyze, and express complex intellectual concepts with precision and elegance, demonstrating a near-native command of the lexical field of choice.
At the C2 level, the mastery of انتخاب کردن is absolute, characterized by an effortless, intuitive, and highly sophisticated command of the verb in all its possible manifestations. You operate at the level of a highly educated native speaker. You can deconstruct the semantic and pragmatic layers of the word in literary criticism, analyzing how a poet or author uses the concept of choice to develop character or theme. You are intimately familiar with classical Persian literature and can recognize and utilize archaic or highly formal variations of the concept of selection. In contemporary discourse, you can engage in high-level debates on ethics, jurisprudence, or political philosophy where the definition of 'choice' is central to the argument. You can manipulate the verb to create irony, sarcasm, or profound emphasis. Your speech and writing exhibit a flawless integration of 'entekhāb kardan' with the most complex grammatical structures Persian has to offer, including intricate nested clauses and subtle modal variations. You understand the sociolinguistic implications of how different social groups in Iran might express choices and preferences. You can effortlessly coin new phrases or adapt the verb to novel situations in a way that sounds completely natural to native ears. At this pinnacle of language proficiency, the verb is merely a tool that you wield with artistic precision to articulate the deepest and most complex facets of human thought and experience, reflecting a profound internalization of the Persian language and its cultural underpinnings.
开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

انتخاب کردن 30秒了解

  • Means 'to choose' or 'to select' in Persian.
  • A compound verb: 'entekhāb' (choice) + 'kardan' (to do).
  • Only the 'kardan' part changes for tense and person.
  • Requires the object marker 'ra' for specific choices.
The Persian compound verb انتخاب کردن (entekhāb kardan) is a fundamental vocabulary item that every learner must master early on. It translates directly to 'to choose', 'to select', or 'to elect' in English. This verb is formed by combining the Arabic loanword انتخاب (entekhāb), meaning 'choice' or 'selection', with the versatile Persian light verb کردن (kardan), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. Understanding this structure is crucial because Persian relies heavily on compound verbs. When you use this verb, you are literally saying 'to do a choice' or 'to make a selection'. This concept is deeply embedded in everyday Persian communication, from picking out groceries at the local bazaar to participating in national elections. Let us delve deeper into the morphological and syntactic properties of this essential verb. The noun part, انتخاب, remains invariant, while the light verb, کردن, carries all the inflectional morphology for tense, aspect, mood, and person. For instance, in the present tense, you say انتخاب می‌کنم (entekhāb mikonam - I choose), and in the past tense, انتخاب کردم (entekhāb kardam - I chose). Notice how the prefix می‌ (mi) attaches to the light verb.
Morphology
Compound verb consisting of a non-verbal element and a light verb.

من این کتاب را انتخاب کردم.

The semantic range of this verb is vast. It encompasses everything from mundane daily decisions to significant life choices. In cognitive linguistics, choosing implies a selection from a set of alternatives. In Persian, this set of alternatives is often introduced by the preposition از بین (az beyn-e), meaning 'from among'. Therefore, the complete syntactic frame is often 'X را از بین Y انتخاب کردن' (to choose X from among Y). This framing is essential for achieving native-like fluency. Furthermore, the verb can be used in both active and passive voices. The passive form is انتخاب شدن (entekhāb shodan), meaning 'to be chosen' or 'to be elected'. This is particularly common in news reports and formal discourse regarding political elections or award ceremonies.
Syntax
Requires the direct object marker 'ra' for definite objects.

او بهترین لباس را انتخاب کرد.

Beyond its literal meaning, the act of choosing carries cultural weight. In Iranian culture, hospitality often involves offering guests a variety of choices, and the guest is expected to politely navigate these options using this very verb. The nuances of politeness (ta'arof) can also intersect with how one expresses a choice, often downplaying one's own preference to accommodate others.
Pragmatics
Used extensively in polite offers and acceptances.

شما کدام رنگ را انتخاب می‌کنید؟

رئیس جمهور جدید انتخاب شد.

ما مسیر سخت‌تر را انتخاب کردیم.

Mastering this verb opens up a significant portion of the Persian lexicon, as the pattern of combining an Arabic noun with a Persian light verb is one of the most productive word-formation processes in the language. By understanding 'entekhab kardan', you are not just learning a single word, but unlocking a grammatical template that applies to thousands of other verbs. This foundational knowledge is indispensable for any serious student of the Persian language, providing the necessary tools to navigate both simple conversations and complex texts with confidence and accuracy.
Using انتخاب کردن (entekhāb kardan) correctly requires an understanding of Persian sentence structure, specifically regarding direct objects and prepositions. Because choosing inherently involves an object being chosen, this verb is highly transitive. When the object you are choosing is specific or definite, you must use the direct object marker را (rā) immediately after the noun phrase and before the verb. For example, 'I chose the red apple' translates to 'من سیب قرمز را انتخاب کردم' (man sib-e ghermez rā entekhāb kardam). If the object is indefinite, such as 'I chose an apple', the 'rā' is omitted: 'من یک سیب انتخاب کردم' (man yek sib entekhāb kardam). This distinction is a fundamental rule of Persian grammar and applies universally to transitive verbs.
Definiteness
The use of 'ra' depends on whether the chosen item is specific.

دانشجو واحدها را انتخاب کرد.

When you want to express the group or category from which a selection is made, Persian utilizes specific prepositions. The most common is از بین (az beyn-e), meaning 'from among' or 'out of'. For instance, 'I chose this book from among those books' is 'من این کتاب را از بین آن کتاب‌ها انتخاب کردم'. Another option is simply using از (az), meaning 'from', though 'az beyn-e' is more precise for selections.
Prepositions
Use 'az beyn-e' to indicate the pool of options.

او یکی را از بین همه انتخاب کرد.

Conjugation is another critical aspect. Since it is a compound verb, only the light verb کردن (kardan) is conjugated. The non-verbal part, انتخاب, remains completely unchanged regardless of tense or person. In the present indicative, you use the present stem کن (kon) with the prefix می‌ (mi) and personal endings: انتخاب می‌کنم (I choose), انتخاب می‌کنی (you choose), انتخاب می‌کند (he/she chooses). In the simple past, you use the past stem کرد (kard): انتخاب کردم (I chose), انتخاب کردی (you chose), انتخاب کرد (he/she chose). For the subjunctive mood, which is used after verbs of wanting, needing, or possibility, the prefix می‌ is dropped, and optionally replaced by ب (be), though with compound verbs starting with a vowel sound, the 'be' is often omitted in speech: می‌خواهم انتخاب کنم (I want to choose).
Conjugation
Only 'kardan' changes; 'entekhab' is static.

باید یک راه را انتخاب کنیم.

آنها هنوز نماینده خود را انتخاب نکرده‌اند.

اگر من را انتخاب می‌کردی، برنده می‌شدیم.

Negative forms are created by adding the negative prefix ن (na/ne) to the conjugated part of the light verb. In the present tense, it becomes انتخاب نمی‌کنم (entekhāb nemikonam - I do not choose). In the past tense, it is انتخاب نکردم (entekhāb nakardam - I did not choose). Proper placement of stress is also important; in compound verbs, the primary stress usually falls on the last syllable of the non-verbal element (en-te-KHAB), while the light verb carries secondary stress. Practicing these syntactic and morphological patterns is essential for achieving natural and accurate speech in Persian.
The verb انتخاب کردن (entekhāb kardan) is ubiquitous in Persian-speaking environments, appearing across a wide spectrum of contexts from the highly informal to the strictly formal. One of the most common places you will hear this verb is in commercial settings, such as bazaars, shopping malls, and restaurants. When a shopkeeper shows you different fabrics, they might ask, 'کدام را انتخاب می‌کنید؟' (Which one do you choose?). Similarly, when dining out, the waiter will wait for you to select your meal from the menu using this verb.
Commerce
Frequently used when buying goods or ordering food.

مشتری یک فرش زیبا انتخاب کرد.

Another major domain for this verb is the academic and professional world. University students in Iran use this verb specifically when registering for classes, a process known as انتخاب واحد (entekhāb-e vāhed - literally 'unit selection'). In the workplace, managers and human resources departments use it when hiring candidates or selecting project leaders. 'ما او را برای مدیریت انتخاب کردیم' (We chose him for management). This demonstrates the verb's utility in formal, structured decision-making processes.
Academia
Crucial for course registration and academic choices.

دانشجویان باید دروس خود را انتخاب کنند.

In the realm of politics and civic life, the verb is absolutely central. The noun form, انتخابات (entekhābāt), means 'elections'. During election seasons, the verb is broadcast continuously on television and radio. Citizens discuss who they will elect: 'شما چه کسی را انتخاب می‌کنید؟' (Who are you electing/choosing?). News anchors report on the results using the passive form: 'نمایندگان جدید انتخاب شدند' (The new representatives were elected). This political usage highlights the verb's capacity to convey collective, consequential decision-making.
Politics
The core verb for voting and democratic processes.

مردم رئیس جمهور را انتخاب می‌کنند.

کمیته داوران برنده را انتخاب کرد.

من این رشته تحصیلی را با علاقه انتخاب کردم.

Furthermore, the verb appears frequently in literature, poetry, and philosophical discussions regarding free will and life paths. Characters in novels face dilemmas where they must choose between love and duty, utilizing this verb to express their internal struggles. In everyday interpersonal relationships, people talk about choosing friends, choosing a spouse, or choosing a place to live. The versatility of 'entekhāb kardan' makes it an indispensable tool for expressing the human experience of navigating options and making decisions, ensuring that learners will encounter it constantly in both spoken and written Persian across all registers and contexts.
While انتخاب کردن (entekhāb kardan) is a straightforward compound verb, learners frequently make several specific errors due to native language interference or a misunderstanding of Persian grammar rules. The most prevalent mistake is attempting to conjugate the noun portion of the verb instead of the light verb. Beginners might incorrectly say 'انتخابم کرد' instead of 'انتخاب کردم' (I chose). It is vital to remember that in Persian compound verbs, the non-verbal element (انتخاب) is frozen and immutable; all grammatical changes for person, tense, and negation must occur on the light verb (کردن).
Conjugation Error
Modifying the noun instead of the light verb.

Incorrect: من انتخابم. Correct: من انتخاب می‌کنم.

Another very common error involves the omission or misplacement of the direct object marker را (rā). Because 'choosing' usually involves a specific item, the object is often definite. English speakers, who do not have an equivalent particle, frequently forget to include it. Saying 'من ماشین انتخاب کردم' implies 'I chose a car' (any car, indefinite), whereas if you mean 'I chose the car' (a specific one), you must say 'من ماشین را انتخاب کردم'. Placing 'rā' after the entire verb phrase is also a mistake; it must immediately follow the noun phrase being chosen.
Missing 'Ra'
Forgetting the definite object marker.

Incorrect: کتاب انتخاب کردم (when meaning 'the book'). Correct: کتاب را انتخاب کردم.

Learners also struggle with the correct prepositions. When translating 'to choose from', learners might literally translate 'from' as از (az) and say 'از اینها انتخاب کن'. While understandable, the much more natural and grammatically precise phrasing is to use از بین (az beyn-e), meaning 'from among'. Using incorrect light verbs is another pitfall. Some learners might try to use داشتن (dāshtan - to have) or دادن (dādan - to give) with 'entekhāb', creating nonsensical phrases like 'انتخاب داشتن'. The pairing of 'entekhāb' with 'kardan' is a fixed lexical item that must be memorized as a single unit.
Wrong Light Verb
Using verbs other than 'kardan'.

Incorrect: انتخاب دارم. Correct: انتخاب می‌کنم.

لطفاً یکی را از بین اینها انتخاب کن.

او راه درست را انتخاب کرد.

Finally, pronunciation errors can obscure meaning. The word انتخاب is pronounced with the stress on the final syllable: en-te-KHAB. Placing the stress on the first or second syllable sounds unnatural and marks the speaker as a foreigner. Furthermore, the 'kh' sound (خ) must be pronounced as a voiceless uvular fricative, similar to the 'ch' in Scottish 'loch' or German 'Bach'. Pronouncing it as a simple 'k' or 'h' will lead to miscommunication. By being aware of these common morphological, syntactic, lexical, and phonological pitfalls, learners can significantly accelerate their mastery of this essential Persian verb.
The Persian language offers a rich tapestry of vocabulary for expressing the concept of choosing, allowing speakers to convey subtle nuances in meaning and register. While انتخاب کردن (entekhāb kardan) is the most common and versatile term, several synonyms exist that are used in specific contexts. One important synonym is برگزیدن (bargozidan). This is a pure Persian (non-Arabic) simple verb. It carries a more formal, literary, or elevated tone compared to 'entekhāb kardan'. You will frequently encounter 'bargozidan' in classical poetry, formal literature, and official texts. For example, 'خداوند او را برگزید' (God chose him). It implies a selection based on high merit or a special calling.
برگزیدن (bargozidan)
Formal, literary synonym meaning to select or elect.

هیئت داوران بهترین شعر را برگزید.

Another interesting synonym is گلچین کردن (golchin kardan). Literally translating to 'to pick flowers' (gol = flower, chin = pick), this compound verb is used metaphorically to mean 'to cherry-pick', 'to handpick', or 'to select the very best'. It implies a careful, meticulous selection process where only the highest quality items are chosen from a larger group. You might use this when talking about selecting the best songs for a playlist or the best fruits from a basket. 'من بهترین آهنگ‌ها را گلچین کردم' (I handpicked the best songs).
گلچین کردن (golchin kardan)
To handpick or select the best items carefully.

او میوه‌های تازه را گلچین کرد.

The verb پسندیدن (pasandidan) is also closely related, though it translates more accurately to 'to like', 'to approve of', or 'to find pleasing'. However, in many contexts, finding something pleasing is the prerequisite to choosing it, so the meanings overlap. If you are shopping and you say 'این را پسندیدم' (I liked this one), it often functions pragmatically as 'I choose this one'.
پسندیدن (pasandidan)
To like or approve, often leading to a choice.

من این طرح را بیشتر پسندیدم.

او همسر آینده‌اش را برگزید.

مشتری جنس‌های مرغوب را گلچین می‌کند.

Understanding these synonyms allows learners to elevate their Persian from basic communication to nuanced expression. While 'entekhāb kardan' will serve you perfectly well in 95% of everyday situations, knowing when to drop in a 'bargozidan' during a formal speech or a 'golchin kardan' when discussing a curated collection demonstrates a deep, native-like command of the language's lexical breadth. It shows an appreciation for the subtle shades of meaning that differentiate a simple choice from a meticulous selection or a divine calling.

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1

من سیب را انتخاب می‌کنم.

I choose the apple.

Present tense, first person singular. Uses 'ra' for definite object.

2

تو کدام رنگ را انتخاب کردی؟

Which color did you choose?

Past tense, second person singular. Question format.

3

او لباس آبی را انتخاب کرد.

He/She chose the blue dress/shirt.

Past tense, third person singular.

4

ما این ماشین را انتخاب می‌کنیم.

We choose this car.

Present tense, first person plural.

5

شما چه چیزی انتخاب می‌کنید؟

What do you choose? (formal/plural)

Present tense, second person plural/formal.

6

آنها کتاب را انتخاب کردند.

They chose the book.

Past tense, third person plural.

7

من چای انتخاب می‌کنم، نه قهوه.

I choose tea, not coffee.

Simple contrast using 'na' (not).

8

لطفاً یک شماره انتخاب کن.

Please choose a number.

Imperative form, second person singular informal.

1

من این رستوران را انتخاب کردم چون غذای خوبی دارد.

I chose this restaurant because it has good food.

Using 'chon' (because) to give a reason.

2

باید یک هدیه برای مادرم انتخاب کنم.

I must choose a gift for my mother.

Subjunctive mood after 'bāyad' (must).

3

او از بین این دو پیراهن، قرمز را انتخاب کرد.

From between these two shirts, he chose the red one.

Using the preposition 'az beyn-e' (from among).

4

فردا رشته تحصیلی‌ام را انتخاب می‌کنم.

Tomorrow I will choose my field of study.

Present tense used for future action with time word 'fardā'.

5

ما هنوز هتل را انتخاب نکرده‌ایم.

We have not chosen the hotel yet.

Present perfect negative tense.

6

آیا شما مدیر جدید را انتخاب کردید؟

Did you choose the new manager?

Formal yes/no question in the past tense.

7

من دوست دارم خودم لباس‌هایم را انتخاب کنم.

I like to choose my clothes myself.

Subjunctive after 'doost dāram' (I like).

8

آنها ارزان‌ترین بلیط را انتخاب کردند.

They chose the cheapest ticket.

Using superlative adjective 'arzān-tarin'.

1

انتخاب کردن مسیر زندگی کار بسیار سختی است.

Choosing a life path is a very difficult task.

Using the infinitive as a noun subject.

2

اگر پول داشتم، ماشین بهتری انتخاب می‌کردم.

If I had money, I would have chosen a better car.

Second conditional (unreal present/future).

3

رئیس جمهور توسط مردم انتخاب می‌شود.

The president is elected by the people.

Passive voice 'entekhāb mishavad'.

4

من تصمیم گرفتم که این شغل را انتخاب نکنم.

I decided not to choose this job.

Negative subjunctive in a subordinate clause.

5

شما بر چه اساسی این گزینه را انتخاب کردید؟

On what basis did you choose this option?

Formal questioning using 'bar che asāsi'.

6

او همیشه سعی می‌کند بهترین‌ها را برای خانواده‌اش انتخاب کند.

He always tries to choose the best for his family.

Subjunctive after 'sa'y mikonad' (tries).

7

پیش از انتخاب کردن، باید همه جوانب را در نظر بگیریم.

Before choosing, we must consider all aspects.

Using 'pish az' (before) with the infinitive.

8

خوشحالم که تو را به عنوان دوستم انتخاب کردم.

I am happy that I chose you as my friend.

Complex sentence expressing emotion about a past choice.

1

معیارهای شما برای انتخاب کارمند جدید چیست؟

What are your criteria for choosing a new employee?

Advanced vocabulary 'me'yār' (criteria) with the verbal noun.

2

کمیته، پس از بررسی‌های طولانی، طرح او را انتخاب کرد.

The committee, after lengthy reviews, selected his proposal.

Formal sentence structure with an appositive phrase.

3

حق انتخاب داشتن یکی از حقوق اساسی بشر است.

Having the right to choose is one of the fundamental human rights.

Using 'hagh-e entekhāb' (right of choice).

4

فیلمی که برای جشنواره انتخاب شده بود، جوایز زیادی برد.

The film that had been selected for the festival won many awards.

Past perfect passive in a relative clause.

5

ما ناگزیر بودیم از بین بد و بدتر یکی را انتخاب کنیم.

We were inevitably forced to choose between bad and worse.

Idiomatic expression 'bad o bad-tar' and advanced adverb 'nāgozir'.

6

انتخاب شدن به عنوان نماینده مجلس مسئولیت سنگینی دارد.

Being elected as a member of parliament carries a heavy responsibility.

Passive infinitive acting as the subject of the sentence.

7

استاد به دانشجویان آزادی عمل داد تا موضوع تحقیق را خودشان انتخاب کنند.

The professor gave the students the freedom to choose the research topic themselves.

Complex sentence with purpose clause 'tā... entekhāb konand'.

8

با وجود گزینه‌های متعدد، انتخاب نهایی بسیار دشوار به نظر می‌رسید.

Despite numerous options, the final choice seemed very difficult.

Using 'bā vojood-e' (despite) and formal vocabulary.

1

در جوامع دموکراتیک، فرایند انتخاب کردن رهبران باید کاملاً شفاف باشد.

In democratic societies, the process of electing leaders must be completely transparent.

Academic/political register, using 'farāyand' (process).

2

نویسنده با ظرافت تمام، کلماتی را انتخاب کرده است که بار عاطفی عمیقی دارند.

The author has chosen words with utmost elegance that carry a deep emotional weight.

Literary analysis context, present perfect tense.

3

تصمیم‌گیری در شرایط بحرانی نیازمند قدرت انتخاب سریع و قاطع است.

Decision-making in crisis situations requires the power of rapid and decisive choice.

Abstract noun phrase 'ghodrat-e entekhāb-e sari''.

4

وی به دلیل شایستگی‌های بی‌نظیرش برای این پست خطیر انتخاب گردید.

He was selected for this critical post due to his unparalleled merits.

Highly formal passive using 'gardid' instead of 'shod'.

5

مفهوم جبر و اختیار همواره حول محور توانایی انسان در انتخاب کردن می‌چرخد.

The concept of determinism and free will always revolves around human's ability to choose.

Philosophical discourse, complex prepositional phrases.

6

هیئت داوران، پس از ساعت‌ها مداقه، نهایتاً اثر وی را به عنوان شاهکار بلامنازع جشنواره برگزیدند و انتخاب کردند.

The jury, after hours of scrutiny, finally selected and chose his work as the undisputed masterpiece of the festival.

Redundancy for emphasis using both 'bargozidand' and 'entekhāb kardand', highly formal.

7

انتخاب رویکرد روش‌شناختی مناسب، گام نخست در هر پژوهش علمی معتبر محسوب می‌شود.

Choosing the appropriate methodological approach is considered the first step in any valid scientific research.

Academic writing style, using 'mahsoob mishavad'.

8

آنان با چشم‌پوشی از منافع کوتاه‌مدت، استراتژی توسعه پایدار را انتخاب نمودند.

By overlooking short-term interests, they chose the strategy of sustainable development.

Formal verb ending 'nemoodand' instead of 'kardand'.

1

در غیاب هرگونه بدیل منطقی، انتخاب وی نه از سر اختیار، بلکه از روی استیصال مطلق بود.

In the absence of any logical alternative, his choice was not out of free will, but out of absolute desperation.

Highly literary and philosophical, contrasting 'ekhtiyār' and 'estisāl'.

2

تجلی اراده معطوف به قدرت را می‌توان در نحوه انتخاب کردن و حذف کردن رقبا توسط وی به وضوح مشاهده کرد.

The manifestation of the will to power can be clearly observed in his manner of choosing and eliminating rivals.

Nietzschean philosophical context, complex noun phrases.

3

منتقدان بر این باورند که انتخاب شدن او به این مقام، نشانگر زوال شایسته‌سالاری در ساختار حاکمیت است.

Critics believe that his election to this position indicates the decline of meritocracy in the governance structure.

Advanced political commentary, abstract nouns like 'shayeste-sālāri'.

4

شاعر با گزینش و انتخاب واژگانی بسامددار، سمفونی بی‌بدیلی از آواها و معانی خلق کرده است.

The poet, through the selection and choice of high-frequency words, has created an unparalleled symphony of sounds and meanings.

Literary criticism, using 'gozinesh' alongside 'entekhāb'.

5

در پارادایم پست‌مدرن، نفسِ انتخاب کردن به مثابه یک کنشِ برساخت‌گرایانه تلقی می‌گردد.

In the postmodern paradigm, the very act of choosing is perceived as a constructivist action.

Sociological/philosophical jargon ('pārādāym', 'barsākht-garāyāne').

6

قانون‌گذار با احصاء دقیق شرایط، دایره شمول افرادی را که حق انتخاب شدن دارند، مضیق نموده است.

The legislator, by precisely enumerating the conditions, has restricted the scope of individuals who have the right to be elected.

Legal/jurisprudential register, highly formal Arabic loanwords ('ehsā', 'moziyagh').

7

آنچه در این برهه تاریخی حائز اهمیت است، نه صرفاً انتخاب یک فرد، بلکه انتخاب یک گفتمان نوین است.

What is of significance at this historical juncture is not merely the election of an individual, but the choice of a novel discourse.

Rhetorical political speech style, contrasting 'fard' and 'goftemān'.

8

وی با وقوف کامل بر تبعات سهمگین این تصمیم، آگاهانه قدم در راهی نهاد که خود انتخاب کرده بود.

With full awareness of the dire consequences of this decision, he consciously stepped onto the path he had chosen himself.

Literary narrative style, dramatic tone.

常见搭配

انتخاب درست
انتخاب غلط
انتخاب سخت
حق انتخاب
آزادی انتخاب
انتخاب واحد
انتخاب همسر
انتخاب شغل
انتخاب شدن
مورد انتخاب

常用短语

کدام را انتخاب می‌کنی؟

انتخاب با شماست.

من این را انتخاب کردم.

انتخاب خوبی بود.

حق انتخاب داری.

انتخاب سختی است.

به عنوان مدیر انتخاب شد.

از بین آنها انتخاب کن.

بدون حق انتخاب

انتخاب اول من

容易混淆的词

انتخاب کردن vs تصمیم گرفتن (to decide)

انتخاب کردن vs ترجیح دادن (to prefer)

انتخاب کردن vs جدا کردن (to separate/sort)

习语与表达

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

容易混淆

انتخاب کردن vs

انتخاب کردن vs

انتخاب کردن vs

انتخاب کردن vs

انتخاب کردن vs

句型

如何使用

note

Do not confuse 'انتخاب کردن' (to choose) with 'تصمیم گرفتن' (to decide). You decide to do an action, but you choose an object or option.

常见错误
  • Saying 'انتخابم کرد' instead of 'انتخاب کردم'.
  • Forgetting 'را' when saying 'I chose the car' (ماشین انتخاب کردم instead of ماشین را انتخاب کردم).
  • Using 'از' instead of 'از بین' for 'from among'.
  • Confusing 'انتخاب کردن' (to choose) with 'تصمیم گرفتن' (to decide).
  • Pronouncing the 'kh' (خ) as a hard 'k'.

小贴士

Conjugation Rule

Always conjugate 'kardan', never 'entekhab'.

Object Marker

Use 'ra' immediately after the specific item you chose.

Formal Synonym

Use 'bargozidan' in essays to impress your teacher.

Stress Placement

Emphasize the 'KHAB' part of the word for natural rhythm.

From Among

Memorize the phrase 'az beyn-e' to use with this verb.

Politeness

Offer choices to guests using the plural formal form 'entekhab konid'.

Right to Choose

Learn the phrase 'hagh-e entekhab' (right of choice).

Passive Voice

Swap 'kardan' for 'shodan' to say someone was elected.

Arabic Letters

Remember it is spelled with 'ت' and 'خ', not 'ط' or 'ح'.

News Context

Listen for 'entekhabat' in the news to understand political segments.

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine ENTEring a CAB (entekhab) and having to CHOOSE your destination.

词源

文化背景

It is considered rude to aggressively demand someone make a choice quickly; patience is valued.

Use formal pronouns (شما) and plural verb endings (انتخاب می‌کنید) when asking an elder or stranger to make a choice.

In colloquial Tehrani Persian, 'entekhāb' might be pronounced slightly faster, but the core pronunciation remains stable across regions.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"شما معمولاً چطور لباس‌هایتان را انتخاب می‌کنید؟"

"سخت‌ترین انتخابی که در زندگی کردید چه بود؟"

"اگر حق انتخاب داشتید، کجا زندگی می‌کردید؟"

"رشته تحصیلی‌تان را بر چه اساسی انتخاب کردید؟"

"برای شام امشب چه غذایی انتخاب کنیم؟"

日记主题

Write about a time you had to make a difficult choice.

Describe the process of choosing your current job or field of study.

If you could choose any superpower, what would you choose and why?

Write a short story about someone who makes the wrong choice.

List five things you chose to do today and explain why.

常见问题

10 个问题

No, 'entekhab' is a noun and remains unchanged. You must conjugate the light verb 'kardan'.

Only if the object you are choosing is specific or definite (e.g., 'the book'). If it is indefinite (e.g., 'a book'), you do not use 'ra'.

They mean the same thing, but 'bargozidan' is much more formal and literary, while 'entekhab kardan' is used in everyday speech.

You change the light verb from 'kardan' (to do) to 'shodan' (to become). So, 'entekhab shodan' means to be chosen or elected.

The plural Arabic form 'انتخابات' (entekhābāt) is used to mean elections.

You can say 'hagh-e entekhab dashtan' (to have the right to choose), but you cannot say 'entekhab dashtam' to mean 'I chose'.

The best preposition is 'az beyn-e' (from among). For example, 'az beyn-e inha' (from among these).

The light verb 'kardan' is slightly irregular. Its present stem is 'kon' and its past stem is 'kard'.

Add the prefix 'na' or 'ne' to the conjugated part of 'kardan'. For example, 'entekhab nemikonam' (I don't choose).

The primary stress falls on the last syllable of 'entekhab' (khab), and secondary stress on the verb ending.

自我测试 180 个问题

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

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