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A2 adjective #2,000 最常用 5分钟阅读

جزئی

At the A1 level, you can think of 'joz-i' as a word for 'very small' or 'not big'. While you might not use it often, you will hear it when people talk about small problems or small things. It is like saying 'a little bit' but as a description. For example, if you have a small headache, it is 'joz-i'. It is a good word to know so you don't get scared when a doctor says a problem is 'joz-i'—it means it's not a big deal! Focus on the idea of 'small' and 'unimportant'.
At the A2 level, 'joz-i' becomes more useful for describing everyday situations. You use it to describe minor things that happen, like a 'minor change' in your schedule or a 'minor mistake' in your homework. It helps you be more precise than just saying 'small'. You also start to see it in shops. If a shop says 'faroosh-e joz-i', it means you can buy just one item, not a whole box. This is very helpful for shopping in Iran. You should practice using it with the Ezafe: 'moshkel-e joz-i'.
At the B1 level, you should understand 'joz-i' as 'partial' or 'detailed'. You can use it to explain that you only have a partial understanding of a topic or that there are minor details to consider. It is very common in work environments. If you are discussing a project, you might say 'we have some minor (joz-i) issues to fix'. You also learn the opposite, 'kolli' (general), and how to contrast them. You can describe a person as 'joz-i bin' if they pay a lot of attention to small things.
At the B2 level, you use 'joz-i' in more formal and technical contexts. In business, you distinguish between 'retail' (joz-i) and 'wholesale' (omdeh). In academic writing, you use it to describe specific components of a study. You understand the nuance that 'joz-i' can sometimes mean 'trivial' in a dismissive way. You can use it in complex sentences to qualify your statements, such as 'While the overall (kolli) plan is good, the minor (joz-i) aspects need revision.' You also become familiar with its use in legal and medical terminology.
At the C1 level, you master the philosophical and abstract uses of 'joz-i'. You can discuss the relationship between the 'part' (joz-i) and the 'whole' (kolli) in literature or philosophy. You use the word to describe subtle nuances in meaning or behavior. You are comfortable with all its derivations and can use it to express precision in professional reports. You recognize it in classical poetry where it might represent the individual soul versus the universal whole. Your usage is fluid and contextually perfect.
At the C2 level, 'joz-i' is a tool for extreme precision. You use it to navigate complex legal, scientific, or philosophical discourses where the distinction between a 'partial' truth and a 'total' truth is critical. You understand its etymological roots deeply and can appreciate its use in high-level rhetoric. You can use it to deconstruct arguments, pointing out 'joz-i' flaws that others might miss. It is no longer just a word for 'small', but a fundamental concept of categorization and analysis in your Persian vocabulary.
开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

جزئی 30秒了解

  • Joz-i means minor or small in importance, often used to describe problems, changes, or injuries that are not serious.
  • In business, it specifically means 'retail', allowing you to buy individual items rather than buying in bulk.
  • It is the direct opposite of 'kolli' (general/total) and 'omdeh' (wholesale), forming a key conceptual pair in Persian.
  • Grammatically, it follows the noun with an Ezafe and can be used in formal, academic, and everyday contexts.

The Persian word جزئی (pronounced 'joz-i') is a versatile adjective derived from the Arabic root 'joz' (part). At its core, it describes something that is not the whole, but rather a small, minor, or specific portion of a larger entity. In everyday Persian, it is most frequently used to describe things that are insignificant or minor in scale, such as a 'minor change' or a 'small detail'. However, its utility extends far beyond simple size descriptions. It serves as a crucial technical term in commerce, where it distinguishes 'retail' (selling in parts) from 'wholesale' (selling as a whole). Understanding this word requires grasping the duality between the 'part' (joz) and the 'whole' (koll). When you call a problem 'joz-i', you are downplaying its importance, suggesting it is just a tiny fragment that doesn't affect the overall system. This nuance is vital for navigating social situations where minimizing a mistake or a favor is culturally appropriate.

Etymological Root
Derived from the Arabic 'Juz' (جزء), meaning part or portion. In Persian, the 'i' suffix transforms it into an adjective.
Commercial Context
Used to denote retail sales (foroushe joz-i) as opposed to wholesale (foroushe kolli).
Mathematical Usage
In calculus and advanced math, it refers to partial derivatives or components of a vector.

این یک مشکل جزئی است و به زودی حل می‌شود.

Translation: This is a minor problem and will be solved soon.

تغییرات جزئی در برنامه ایجاد شده است.

او به مسائل جزئی خیلی اهمیت می‌دهد.

فروش جزئی کالا در این مغازه ممنوع است.

اختلافات جزئی نباید باعث جدایی شود.

Using جزئی correctly involves understanding the scale of the object or concept you are describing. It functions as a standard adjective, usually following the noun it modifies with an Ezafe (the '-e' sound). For example, 'taghyir-e joz-i' (minor change). It is essential to distinguish between its use as 'minor' and its use as 'retail'. When you go to a bazaar, you might ask if they sell 'joz-i' or 'omdeh' (wholesale). If you are a student of science, you will encounter 'joz-i' in the context of partial components. In social interactions, using 'joz-i' can be a form of politeness—downplaying a gift or a service you've provided to show humility. It is a word that balances precision with modesty. When describing a person, calling them 'joz-i bin' means they are detail-oriented, which can be a compliment or a critique depending on the context.

Grammatical Placement
Placed after the noun with an Ezafe: [Noun] + -e + جزئی.
Comparative Form
جزئی‌تر (joz-i tar) - more minor/detailed.
Superlative Form
جزئی‌ترین (joz-i tarin) - the most minor/detailed.

لطفاً وارد مسائل جزئی نشوید.

Translation: Please do not get into minor/detailed issues.

You will encounter جزئی in various settings across Iran and Persian-speaking communities. In the news, it is often used to describe 'minor injuries' (jaraahat-e joz-i) after an accident or 'minor damage' (khosaarat-e joz-i) after a storm. In the marketplace, shopkeepers use it to specify their business model. If you hear 'faroosh-e joz-i nadarim', it means they only sell in bulk. In academic lectures, professors use it to discuss specific parts of a theory. In literature, it might describe a 'partial' eclipse or a 'minor' character in a story. It is a staple of bureaucratic language, appearing in contracts to describe 'minor clauses' or 'partial payments'. Even in medical contexts, a doctor might describe a symptom as 'joz-i' to reassure a patient that it is not life-threatening. Its frequency in daily speech makes it an essential word for reaching fluency.

News Media
Reporting on minor incidents or small economic fluctuations.
Legal Documents
Referring to specific, non-fundamental parts of an agreement.

او فقط جراحت جزئی برداشته است.

One of the most common mistakes learners make with جزئی is using it when they actually mean 'small' in physical size (koochak). While 'joz-i' can imply smallness, it specifically refers to being a 'part' or being 'insignificant' in importance. You wouldn't call a small cat a 'gorbe-ye joz-i' unless you were describing it as a minor part of a larger cat collection. Another error is confusing it with the noun 'joz' (part) or 'joziyat' (details). Remember that 'joz-i' is an adjective. Additionally, in the context of 'retail', learners sometimes use 'khorde' (which also means small/fragmented) interchangeably with 'joz-i'. While 'khorde-foroushi' is a common term for retail, 'faroosh-e joz-i' is the more formal counterpart. Finally, ensure you use the correct Ezafe; saying 'joz-i' without the preceding noun's connector makes the sentence grammatically incomplete in most contexts.

Joz-i vs. Koochak
Use 'koochak' for physical size; use 'joz-i' for importance or partiality.
Noun vs. Adjective
Don't say 'in joz-i ast' when you mean 'this is a detail' (in yek joziyat ast).

Understanding جزئی is easier when compared to its synonyms and antonyms. Its closest synonym is 'andak' (a little) or 'na-chiz' (insignificant). However, 'na-chiz' has a stronger connotation of worthlessness, whereas 'joz-i' is more neutral. 'Mofassal' (detailed) is often seen as an opposite in terms of depth, while 'kolli' (general/total) is its direct logical antonym. In a commercial sense, 'omdeh' (wholesale) is the primary opposite. In technical fields, 'fare'i' (subsidiary/branch) might be used similarly to describe something that is not the main focus. Below is a comparison to help clarify these distinctions.

جزئی vs. کلی
Joz-i is specific/partial; Kolli is general/total.
جزئی vs. ناچیز
Joz-i is small/minor; Na-chiz is worthless/nothing.
جزئی vs. اندک
Joz-i is an adjective of quality/scale; Andak is often a quantifier (a small amount).

How Formal Is It?

正式

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非正式

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俚语

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难度评级

需要掌握的语法

按水平分级的例句

1

این یک مشکل جزئی است.

This is a minor problem.

Uses 'joz-i' as a simple predicate adjective.

2

او درد جزئی دارد.

He has a minor pain.

Adjective following the noun with Ezafe.

3

تغییر جزئی در کلاس.

A minor change in the class.

Noun phrase.

4

یک خراش جزئی روی ماشین.

A minor scratch on the car.

Descriptive adjective.

5

باران جزئی می‌بارد.

It is raining slightly (minor rain).

Used to describe intensity.

6

اشتباه جزئی بود.

The mistake was minor.

Simple past tense.

7

هزینه جزئی دارد.

It has a minor cost.

Economic context.

8

او کمی جزئی حرف می‌زند.

He talks a bit about small things.

Adverbial use.

1

ما فروش جزئی نداریم.

We don't have retail sales.

Commercial term for retail.

2

لطفاً به موارد جزئی دقت کنید.

Please pay attention to minor items.

Imperative sentence.

3

این فقط یک اختلاف جزئی است.

This is just a minor disagreement.

Use of 'faghat' (just) to emphasize smallness.

4

او جراحت جزئی دید.

He sustained a minor injury.

Formal verb 'did' (saw/sustained).

5

برنامه تغییرات جزئی داشت.

The schedule had minor changes.

Plural noun with singular adjective.

6

قیمت جزئی این کالا چقدر است؟

What is the retail price of this item?

Interrogative sentence.

7

او به جزئیات جزئی اهمیت می‌دهد.

He cares about minor details.

Redundant but common for emphasis.

8

این یک نقص جزئی در طراحی است.

This is a minor flaw in the design.

Compound noun phrase.

1

باید بین مسائل کلی و جزئی تفاوت قائل شد.

One must distinguish between general and minor issues.

Contrast between 'kolli' and 'joz-i'.

2

این گزارش شامل اطلاعات جزئی است.

This report includes detailed/partial information.

Formal 'shamel-e' (includes).

3

او به صورت جزئی به سوالات پاسخ داد.

He answered the questions in a detailed/partial manner.

Adverbial phrase 'be soorat-e'.

4

فروشنده جزئی کالا را گران‌تر می‌فروشد.

The retailer sells the goods more expensively.

Agentive noun phrase.

5

این یک راهکار جزئی برای مشکلی بزرگ است.

This is a partial solution for a big problem.

Contrast 'joz-i' vs 'bozorg'.

6

او از لحاظ جزئی بررسی کرد.

He examined it from a detailed perspective.

Prepositional phrase 'az lehaz-e'.

7

تغییرات جزئی در ساختار شرکت لازم است.

Minor changes in the company structure are necessary.

Formal 'lazem ast'.

8

این فقط یک بخش جزئی از کل ماجراست.

This is just a small part of the whole story.

Part-whole relationship.

1

در قرارداد، شروط جزئی ذکر شده است.

In the contract, minor conditions are mentioned.

Passive voice 'zekr shode ast'.

2

او به تحلیل جزئی داده‌ها پرداخت.

He proceeded to a detailed analysis of the data.

Formal verb 'pardakht' (proceeded to).

3

این نوسانات جزئی در بازار طبیعی است.

These minor fluctuations in the market are normal.

Plural subject with singular adjective.

4

فروش جزئی و عمده در این مرکز انجام می‌شود.

Retail and wholesale sales are conducted in this center.

Commercial antonym pair.

5

او یک نقص جزئی در موتور پیدا کرد.

He found a minor defect in the engine.

Technical context.

6

این مسئله در مقایسه با بقیه، جزئی است.

This issue is minor compared to the rest.

Comparative structure.

7

او به صورت جزئی در پروژه مشارکت دارد.

He is partially involved in the project.

Abstract partiality.

8

جزئی‌ترین خطا می‌تواند فاجعه‌بار باشد.

The most minor error can be catastrophic.

Superlative form.

1

نویسنده به توصیف جزئی صحنه‌ها می‌پردازد.

The author engages in a detailed description of the scenes.

Literary analysis.

2

این تفاوت‌های جزئی، هویت فرهنگی را می‌سازند.

These minor differences construct cultural identity.

Sociological context.

3

او با نگاهی جزئی‌نگر به مسائل می‌نگرد.

He looks at issues with a detail-oriented gaze.

Compound adjective 'joz-i negar'.

4

حتی یک تغییر جزئی در متغیرها، نتیجه را عوض می‌کند.

Even a minor change in variables alters the result.

Scientific precision.

5

او از ورود به مباحث جزئی خودداری کرد.

He refrained from entering into minor/detailed discussions.

Formal 'khoddari kard'.

6

درک جزئی از حقیقت، کل آن نیست.

A partial understanding of the truth is not the whole of it.

Philosophical usage.

7

این یک اصلاحیه جزئی بر نظریه قبلی است.

This is a minor amendment to the previous theory.

Academic context.

8

او به شکلی جزئی به نقد اثر پرداخت.

He critiqued the work in a detailed/partial manner.

Art criticism.

1

دیالکتیک بین امر کلی و امر جزئی در فلسفه هگل مشهود است.

The dialectic between the universal and the particular is evident in Hegel's philosophy.

High-level philosophical terminology.

2

او با دقت وسواس‌گونه‌ای به امور جزئی می‌پرداخت.

He attended to minor matters with obsessive precision.

Nuanced character description.

3

این تناقضات جزئی، بنیاد نظریه را به چالش می‌کشد.

These minor contradictions challenge the foundation of the theory.

Critical analysis.

4

تجلی حقیقت در ساحت‌های جزئی زندگی روزمره.

The manifestation of truth in the particular realms of everyday life.

Poetic/Mystical register.

5

او از منظر حقوقی، به تخلفات جزئی رسیدگی کرد.

From a legal perspective, he addressed the minor infractions.

Legal jargon.

6

تمایز میان ذات و عرض در امور جزئی.

The distinction between essence and accident in particular matters.

Classical philosophy.

7

او به تبیین جزئیات جزئی واقعه همت گماشت.

He strove to explain the most minute details of the event.

Archaic/Formal verb 'hemmat gomasht'.

8

هر جزء جزئی، بازتابی از کل هستی است.

Every tiny part is a reflection of the whole of existence.

Metaphysical statement.

常见搭配

تغییرات جزئی (minor changes)
فروش جزئی (retail sale)
مشکل جزئی (minor problem)
جراحت جزئی (minor injury)
اختلاف جزئی (minor difference)
هزینه جزئی (minor cost)
بخش جزئی (partial part)
نقص جزئی (minor flaw)
اطلاعات جزئی (detailed/partial info)
موارد جزئی (minor items)

常用短语

به صورت جزئی (in a partial way)

مسائل جزئی (minor issues)

خسارت جزئی (minor damage)

جزئی و کلی (part and whole)

قیمت جزئی (retail price)

نگاه جزئی (detailed look)

بررسی جزئی (detailed examination)

خطای جزئی (minor error)

نقش جزئی (minor role)

درد جزئی (minor pain)

容易混淆的词

جزئی vs کوچک (koochak)

Koochak is for physical size; Joz-i is for importance or being a part.

جزئی vs جزء (joz)

Joz is the noun (part); Joz-i is the adjective (partial/minor).

جزئی vs جزئیات (joziyat)

Joziyat is the plural noun (details); Joz-i is the adjective.

习语与表达

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容易混淆

جزئی vs

جزئی vs

جزئی vs

جزئی vs

جزئی vs

句型

词族

名词

动词

如何使用

Note 1

Can mean 'retail' in business.

Note 2

Can mean 'minor' in general contexts.

Note 3

Often contrasted with 'kolli'.

常见错误
  • Using it for physical height.
  • Forgetting the Ezafe.
  • Confusing it with the noun 'joziyat'.
  • Using it as a synonym for 'bad' or 'low quality'.
  • Using it when 'omdeh' (wholesale) is intended.

小贴士

Pair it up

Always learn 'joz-i' alongside 'kolli'. They are two sides of the same coin.

Bazaar Tip

If you see 'faroosh-e joz-i nadarim', don't try to buy just one item; they only sell in bulk.

Ezafe

Don't forget the Ezafe! It's 'moshkel-E joz-i'.

Ta'arof

Use 'joz-i' to be humble about your own help or gifts.

Nuance

Use it to show you are a precise speaker who distinguishes between scale and importance.

Academic

In essays, use 'joz-i' to discuss specific variables or components.

News

When you hear 'joz-i' in the news, it's usually good news (meaning the damage wasn't bad).

Jigsaw

Think of a jigsaw piece (joz) to remember 'joz-i'.

Context

Check if you are talking about 'importance' or 'quantity' before using it.

C1/C2

Try using it in philosophical discussions about the 'particular' vs 'universal'.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'Joz' as a 'Jigsaw' piece. A 'joz-i' thing is just one small piece of the puzzle.

词源

Arabic

文化背景

Reflects the Persian love for intricate details.

Crucial for navigating wholesale vs retail sections.

Used to downplay one's own efforts.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"آیا این یک مشکل جزئی است یا جدی؟ (Is this a minor problem or serious?)"

"شما فروش جزئی هم دارید؟ (Do you also have retail sales?)"

"ممکن است تغییرات جزئی در برنامه بدهیم؟ (Can we make minor changes to the schedule?)"

"کدام بخش جزئی از این پروژه سخت‌تر است؟ (Which minor part of this project is harder?)"

"آیا به جزئیات جزئی اهمیت می‌دهید؟ (Do you care about minor details?)"

日记主题

Write about a minor (joz-i) mistake you made today and how you fixed it.

Describe a retail (joz-i) shopping experience in your city.

Discuss why minor (joz-i) details are important in your favorite hobby.

Reflect on a time you had a minor (joz-i) injury.

Compare a 'kolli' (general) plan you had with the 'joz-i' (specific) reality.

常见问题

10 个问题

No, it can also mean 'retail' or 'partial' depending on the context. In a shop, it's about quantity. In a problem, it's about importance.

No, you should use 'koochak'. 'Joz-i' is not used for the physical size of living beings.

The most common opposites are 'kolli' (general/total) and 'omdeh' (wholesale/major).

It is used in both, but it sounds slightly more precise and formal than 'koochak' or 'kam'.

You say 'gheymat-e joz-i'.

Yes, in some contexts like 'barresi-ye joz-i' (detailed examination), it implies looking at every small part.

The root is Arabic, but the word is fully integrated into Persian.

It means someone who is detail-oriented or focuses on small parts.

Only if you are being sarcastic or trying to downplay the situation.

It is spelled 'ج-ز-ئ-ی'.

自我测试 180 个问题

writing

Write a sentence using 'تغییر جزئی'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'It is a minor matter' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Listen and identify: 'Joz-i' or 'Kolli'?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Describe a minor flaw in a product using 'نقص جزئی'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Explain the difference between retail and wholesale in Persian.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Use 'جزئی‌ترین' in a sentence.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Ask a shopkeeper if they sell retail.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Identify the word: 'Joz-i'.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write 'minor cost'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'It's a small detail'.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Listen for 'joz-i' in a sentence.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write 'minor differences'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'Don't worry, it's minor'.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Is the speaker talking about retail?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write 'minor repairs'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'minor changes'.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Does the doctor say it's serious?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write 'a partial solution'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'retail price'.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Identify the context: Shopping or Medical?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write 'minor error'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'minor problem'.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Is the news about a big accident?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write 'minor issues'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'retail sale'.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Is the speaker happy or sad?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write 'minor damage'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'minor injury'.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Is the speaker talking about a car?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write 'minor changes'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'retail price'.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Identify the word.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write 'minor problem'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'minor changes'.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Is it serious?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write 'minor cost'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'retail'.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Identify 'joz-i'.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write 'minor injury'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'minor problem'.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Is it retail?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write 'minor damage'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'minor changes'.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Identify 'joz-i'.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write 'minor issues'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'minor problem'.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Is it serious?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write 'minor cost'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'retail'.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Identify 'joz-i'.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

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