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پرنمک

B1 adjective #9,000 最常用 11分钟阅读

پرنمک

por namak 前9,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 پرنمک 30秒了解

解析 پرنمک in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn basic words for food and tastes. 'Por-namak' is a useful word because it combines two simple concepts: 'por' (meaning 'a lot' or 'full') and 'namak' (meaning 'salt'). Think of it like saying 'lots of salt'. You can use this word to tell someone if you don't like a food because it has too much salt. For example, 'این غذا پرنمک است' (This food is high-salt). It is a very direct and helpful word to use in a restaurant or at home. You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet; just remember that 'por' means 'full' and 'namak' means 'salt'. This will help you understand other words later, like 'por-ab' (full of water/juicy). At this stage, focus on the literal meaning: too much salt in the food. It's a great way to start describing the things you eat every day in a simple but clear way.

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As an A2 learner, you can start using 'por-namak' to make more detailed sentences. You already know how to use basic adjectives, and 'por-namak' is a great example of a compound adjective in Persian. At this level, you should practice using it with the Ezafe construction. For example, instead of just saying 'The food is salty', you can say 'من غذای پرنمک دوست ندارم' (I don't like high-salt food). Notice the 'ye' sound between 'ghaza' and 'por-namak'. This is the Ezafe. You can also start comparing things. If you have two types of cheese, you can say 'این پنیر پرنمک‌تر است' (This cheese is saltier). The '-tar' at the end makes it a comparison. This word is very common in daily life in Iran, especially when shopping for snacks like chips or nuts. Learning it now will help you navigate a Persian menu or a grocery store much more easily.

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At the B1 level, 'por-namak' becomes an important word for discussing health and lifestyle, which are common topics in this stage of learning. You are now expected to talk about your habits and concerns. You might use 'por-namak' when talking to a doctor or explaining why you are on a diet. For instance, 'پزشک گفته است که نباید غذاهای پرنمک بخورم' (The doctor said I shouldn't eat high-salt foods). You should also be aware of the difference between 'por-namak' (high salt content) and 'shoor' (salty taste). While 'shoor' is a reaction to a flavor, 'por-namak' is more about the ingredient itself. You can also use this word to understand public health messages in Persian media. This level requires you to understand the nuance of the 'por-' prefix, which is used in many other B1-level words like 'por-masraf' (high-consumption) or 'por-jam'iyat' (populous). Understanding 'por-namak' helps you master this word-building pattern.

For B2 learners, 'por-namak' is used in more complex grammatical structures and formal contexts. You might encounter it in newspaper articles about the food industry or in scientific discussions about nutrition. At this level, you should be comfortable using it in passive sentences or within complex clauses. For example, 'تولید مواد غذایی پرنمک توسط دولت محدود شده است' (The production of high-salt food items has been limited by the government). You should also understand the cultural implications of salt in Iran. While 'por-namak' is literal, salt itself has many idiomatic uses. Being able to distinguish 'por-namak' from 'ba-namak' (funny/charming) and 'namak-gir' (indebted to someone's kindness) is essential for a B2 speaker. You can also use 'por-namak' to describe specific traditional Iranian preservation methods, such as 'namak-sood' (salt-cured) items, which are inherently 'por-namak'. Your vocabulary should now include these subtle distinctions.

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At the C1 level, you should use 'por-namak' with complete precision in both formal and informal registers. You might use it in a debate about public health policy or when analyzing the nutritional content of traditional versus modern diets. A C1 speaker understands that 'por-namak' can sometimes be used in a slightly more abstract way in literature, though it remains primarily culinary. You should be able to discuss the chemical and health impacts of a 'rejim-e por-namak' (high-salt diet) using advanced medical terminology like 'fashar-e khon' (blood pressure) and 'bimari-haye ghalbi' (heart diseases). You also understand the stylistic choice between using 'por-namak' and more technical terms like 'ba darsad-e namak-e bala' (with a high percentage of salt). Your mastery of the word includes knowing exactly when to use it to achieve a specific tone, whether you are writing a formal essay or engaging in a sophisticated culinary discussion.

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As a C2 learner, you have a near-native grasp of 'por-namak' and its place in the Persian lexicon. You can identify the word in any context, from the most technical medical journal to the most informal slang. You understand the historical etymology of both 'por' and 'namak' and how they have evolved in the Persian language. You can use the word in creative writing to evoke the sensory experience of a traditional Iranian bazaar or a seaside village where salt-cured fish is a staple. You are also aware of the sociolinguistic aspects of the word—how different social classes might use 'por-namak' versus 'shoor' or how health-conscious urban populations use the term differently than rural communities. At this level, 'por-namak' is not just a vocabulary word; it is a small part of a vast linguistic and cultural web that you navigate with ease, using it to express complex ideas about health, tradition, and modern life in the Persian-speaking world.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

پرنمک 30秒了解

Por-namak means 'high-salt' or 'full of salt' in Persian.
It is a compound adjective used for food, health, and ingredients.
It is different from 'ba-namak', which means 'funny' or 'charming'.
It is commonly heard in medical advice and culinary discussions.

The Persian word پرنمک (pronounced as por-namak) is a compound adjective that literally translates to 'full of salt' or 'high-salt'. In the linguistic structure of the Persian language, the prefix por- (پر) functions as an intensifier or a quantifier meaning 'full', 'much', or 'high', while namak (نمک) is the noun for 'salt'. When combined, they describe a state where the concentration of salt in a substance—typically food—is notably high. This word is essential for anyone navigating the culinary landscape of Iran or discussing dietary requirements and health. While the word shoor (شور) also means salty, پرنمک specifically highlights the quantity of the ingredient added rather than just the resulting flavor profile, although they are often used interchangeably in casual conversation.

Culinary Context: In Iranian kitchens, salt is a fundamental seasoning, but modern health consciousness has made the term por-namak a frequent warning. If you are at a restaurant and find the stew too intense, you would describe it as por-namak.

این سوپ خیلی پرنمک است و برای فشار خون من خوب نیست. (This soup is very high-salt and is not good for my blood pressure.)

Beyond the kitchen, the word carries weight in medical and health-related discussions. In Iran, public health campaigns often use por-namak to describe processed foods like chips, snacks, and certain types of traditional bread that might contain excessive sodium. Understanding this word allows a learner to express preferences, ask about ingredients, and understand nutritional warnings. It is a practical, everyday term that bridges the gap between basic food vocabulary and more advanced health and lifestyle discussions. It is also important to note that while namak (salt) is often associated with wit and charm in the idiom ba-namak (funny/charming), پرنمک is rarely used metaphorically to mean 'very funny'; it almost exclusively stays within the realm of literal salt content.

Grammatical Note: As an adjective, por-namak usually follows the noun it modifies, connected by the Ezafe (the short 'e' sound). For example, ghazaye por-namak (salty food).

پنیرهای سنتی معمولاً بسیار پرنمک هستند. (Traditional cheeses are usually very high-salt.)

The word is composed of two very common Persian roots. Por comes from Middle Persian purr, which traces back to the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fill'. Namak has similar ancient roots and is used in many neighboring languages. Because salt was historically a valuable commodity used for preservation, many traditional Iranian foods like Torshi (pickles) or Khiar-shoor (pickled cucumbers) are naturally por-namak. In modern times, the word serves as a linguistic tool for moderation. It is often contrasted with kam-namak (low-salt), providing a spectrum of description for taste and health. Whether you are reading a label at a supermarket in Tehran or ordering 'Chelo Kabab', being able to identify and use por-namak ensures you can manage your diet and communicate your palate's needs effectively.

Using پرنمک correctly involves understanding its role as an adjective within the Persian sentence structure. In Persian, adjectives typically follow the noun they describe, linked by the 'Ezafe' construction. For instance, to say 'high-salt diet', you would say rejim-e por-namak. Here, the 'e' at the end of rejim is the Ezafe that glues the noun to its descriptor. This is the most common way you will encounter the word in writing and formal speech. However, in a predicate position—where you are saying 'the food IS high-salt'—the Ezafe is not used. Instead, you would say ghaza por-namak ast. This distinction is crucial for learners moving from basic A1 levels to B1 proficiency, where sentence variety becomes more important.

Comparative and Superlative: To compare two things, you add the suffix -tar. For example, por-namaktar means 'saltier' or 'higher in salt'. To say 'the saltiest', you add -tarin, as in por-namaktarin ghaza.

این آجیل از آن یکی پرنمک‌تر است. (These nuts are saltier than those ones.)

Contextual usage varies between formal and informal registers. In a formal medical report, you might see masraf-e mavad-e ghazayi-ye por-namak (the consumption of high-salt food items). In an informal setting, like a family dinner, you might simply hear someone exclaim, cheghadr por-namake! (How high-salt/salty it is!). Note that in spoken Persian, the 'ast' (is) often shortens to a simple 'e' sound attached to the adjective. Another important aspect is the negation. To say something is NOT high-salt, you use por-namak nist. If you want to describe something as specifically 'low-salt', the antonym kam-namak is preferred over a negative construction. This allows for more precise communication, especially when dealing with dietary restrictions or specific recipes.

When describing people's habits, پرنمک can also describe a preference. A person might be described as por-namak khor (a salt-eater/someone who likes high-salt food). This is a common compound noun phrase used in social circles to describe someone's palate. Furthermore, in the world of food manufacturing and labeling in Iran, you will see por-namak listed on the traffic light labeling system (red for high, yellow for medium, green for low). This makes the word a vital part of functional literacy for any English speaker living in or visiting Iran. By mastering the placement and the comparative forms of this word, you transition from simply knowing a vocabulary word to being able to use it dynamically in real-world Persian conversations.

پزشک به او هشدار داد که از غذاهای پرنمک پرهیز کند. (The doctor warned him to avoid high-salt foods.)

The word پرنمک resonates through various sectors of Iranian daily life, from the domestic kitchen to the clinical setting of a hospital. One of the most common places you will hear this word is at the dining table. Iranians are known for their hospitality, and food is the center of social interaction. However, because traditional Persian cuisine often relies on salt for the perfect balance of flavors (especially in rice preparation where salt is used in the soaking process), guests or family members might use por-namak to describe a dish that has exceeded the usual threshold. You might hear a grandmother telling her daughter-in-law, خورشت کمی پرنمک شده (The stew has become a bit high-salt), which is a polite way of saying it is too salty.

At the Doctor's Office: Healthcare professionals in Iran frequently use this term when discussing hypertension (high blood pressure). You will hear phrases like rejim-e ghazayi-ye por-namak (high-salt diet) as something to avoid.

بسیاری از تنقلات بازاری پرنمک هستند. (Many market snacks are high-salt.)

Another significant location is the grocery store or the 'Bazaar'. When buying bulk items like nuts (ajil) or olives, customers often ask the shopkeeper if the items are por-namak or kam-namak. In Iran, the 'Ajil' (mixed nuts) can vary significantly in salt content; some are roasted with heavy salt (often called do-atash-e), making them very por-namak. Similarly, when buying 'Khiar-shoor' (pickled cucumbers), the level of saltiness is a primary concern for buyers. In these commercial interactions, the word acts as a quality and health indicator. You will also see the word on television during health segments or cooking shows where chefs might discuss the dangers of using too much salt in everyday cooking, emphasizing the transition to a healthier, less por-namak lifestyle.

In the media, specifically in news reports about food safety and public health, پرنمک is used to describe the products of certain factories that do not comply with national health standards. The Iranian Ministry of Health often publishes lists of 'unhealthy' snacks, frequently citing por-namak as a reason for their warning. Therefore, hearing this word in a news context usually carries a negative or cautionary connotation. Whether it is a mother warning her child about eating too many chips or a cardiologist advising a patient, پرنمک is a ubiquitous term that reflects the intersection of Iranian culinary tradition and modern health awareness. Mastering its use in these contexts will make your Persian sound much more natural and culturally attuned.

نان‌های پرنمک می‌توانند باعث افزایش فشار خون شوند. (High-salt breads can cause an increase in blood pressure.)

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when learning Persian is confusing پرنمک (por-namak) with با‌نمک (ba-namak). While they both contain the root word for salt (namak), their meanings are worlds apart in a metaphorical sense. Ba-namak literally means 'with salt', but idiomatically, it means 'funny', 'charming', or 'cute'. For example, you would call a funny comedian or a cute baby ba-namak. If you accidentally call a person por-namak, you are literally saying they are 'full of salt', which doesn't make sense in Persian as a compliment and might sound like you are describing them as a piece of salted meat! Always remember: use ba-namak for personality and por-namak for food content.

Confusion with 'Shoor': Another common error is using por-namak when you really mean shoor. Shoor is the direct translation of 'salty' as a taste. While a por-namak dish is usually shoor, the latter is a reaction to the flavor, while the former is a description of the ingredients.

اشتباه: این بچه خیلی پرنمک است. (Wrong: This child is very high-salt.) -> درست: این بچه خیلی بانمک است.

Grammatically, learners often forget the Ezafe when using por-namak as an attributive adjective. Saying ghaza por-namak instead of ghaza-ye por-namak is a hallmark of a beginner. The Ezafe is the 'connective tissue' of Persian grammar, and omitting it makes the speech sound fragmented and 'robotic'. Another mistake involves the placement of the intensifier kheyli (very). Some students might say por-kheyli-namak, which is incorrect. The intensifier must come before the entire compound adjective: kheyli por-namak. Understanding that por-namak is a single lexical unit is key to avoiding these structural errors.

Finally, learners sometimes over-rely on por-namak and forget its opposite, kam-namak. In a culture where health awareness is rising, being able to ask for kam-namak options is just as important as identifying por-namak ones. Using the wrong one in a restaurant could lead to a very different dining experience than intended! Also, avoid using por-namak to describe the sea; the sea is shoor (salty), but we don't usually call it por-namak unless we are discussing the chemical salinity in a scientific context. By keeping these distinctions in mind—personality vs. food, taste vs. content, and correct Ezafe usage—you will avoid the most common pitfalls associated with this word.

اشتباه: من غذای پرنمک نمی‌خورم (بدونِ کسره). (Missing Ezafe: I don't eat high-salt food.)

Understanding پرنمک requires looking at its place within the family of salt-related words in Persian. The most obvious alternative is shoor (شور). While both can be translated as 'salty', shoor is more about the sensory experience. If you take a bite of food and it's unpleasant because of the salt, you say shoore!. Por-namak is more objective, often used to describe the recipe or the dietary content. Another related word is namaki (نمکی). This can mean 'salty' (like 'namaki' snacks), but it's also a term of endearment or a description of a certain brownish-tan color. It is much less common than por-namak when discussing health or cooking specifics.

Por-namak vs. Shoor: Por-namak: High salt content (Objective/Ingredient-focused).
Shoor: Salty taste (Subjective/Flavor-focused).

خیارشورهای این مغازه خیلی پرنمک هستند. (The pickled cucumbers of this shop are very high-salt.)

On the opposite end of the spectrum, we have kam-namak (کم‌نمک), meaning 'low-salt'. This is the direct antonym and is used in the same contexts—health, cooking, and preferences. For those who don't want any salt at all, the term is bi-namak (بی‌نمک). Interestingly, bi-namak also has a metaphorical meaning: 'bland' or 'not funny' (the opposite of ba-namak). So, if someone tells a bad joke, you might call them bi-namak. However, you would never call them kam-namak. This highlights the unique idiomatic path that salt words take in Persian. Another word you might encounter in technical or formal settings is shoor-mazzeh (شورمزه), which simply means 'having a salty taste', though it is less common in daily speech than por-namak.

In summary, while shoor is your go-to for taste, por-namak is the essential term for discussing nutrition and the quantity of ingredients. Using por-namak shows a higher level of Persian proficiency as it demonstrates an understanding of compound adjectives using the por- prefix. Other examples of this prefix include por-rang (intense color/dark), por-harf (talkative), and por-kar (hard-working). By learning por-namak, you aren't just learning one word; you are learning a pattern of word formation that will unlock hundreds of other Persian adjectives. This makes it a high-value word for any B1 level student looking to expand their vocabulary systematically and naturally.

Comparison Table

Por-namak: High salt (Health/Recipe)
Shoor: Salty (Taste)
Ba-namak: Funny (Personality)
Bi-namak: Bland/Not funny

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

Salt was so valuable in ancient Iran that it was used to seal oaths, which is why 'eating someone's salt' implies a bond of loyalty today.

发音指南

UK /poɾnæˈmæk/

US /pɔːrnæˈmæk/

The primary stress falls on the final syllable '-mak'.

押韵词

کم‌نمک (kam-namak) بی‌نمک (bi-namak) تک‌تک (tak-tak) قلک (ghollak) عینک (eynak) اردک (ordak) دلقک (dalghak) کودک (koodak)

常见错误

Pronouncing 'por' like 'poor' (too long).
Putting stress on 'por' instead of 'mak'.
Confusing the vowel in 'namak' with 'u' or 'o'.
Not rolling the 'r' in 'por'.
Missing the glottal stop if followed by a vowel.

难度评级

阅读 3/5

Easy to read if you know 'por' and 'namak'.

写作 4/5

Requires knowledge of compound word spelling (spacing).

口语 3/5

Simple pronunciation, but stress is important.

听力 4/5

Can be confused with 'ba-namak' in fast speech.

接下来学什么

前置知识

نمک (salt) پر (full) غذا (food) شور (salty) خیلی (very)

接下来学习

کم‌نمک (low-salt) فشار خون (blood pressure) سلامتی (health) ادویه (spice) چاشنی (seasoning)

高级

سدیم (sodium) فشار خون بالا (hypertension) نمک‌سود (salt-cured) املاح (minerals) ذائقه (palate)

需要掌握的语法

Ezafe Construction

غذایِ پرنمک (Ghazaye por-namak)

Compound Adjectives with 'Por-'

پرکار، پرحرف، پرنمک

Comparative Suffix '-tar'

پرنمک‌تر (por-namaktar)

Superlative Suffix '-tarin'

پرنمک‌ترین (por-namaktarin)

Intensifier Placement

خیلی پرنمک (Kheyli por-namak)

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按水平分级的例句

این برنج پرنمک است.

This rice is high-salt.

Simple Subject + Adjective + Verb 'ast'.

پنیر پرنمک را دوست ندارم.

I don't like high-salt cheese.

Direct object with 'ra'.

آیا این سوپ پرنمک است؟

Is this soup high-salt?

Question form using 'aya'.

خیارشور خیلی پرنمک است.

The pickled cucumber is very high-salt.

Use of 'kheyli' as an intensifier.

غذا پرنمک بود.

The food was high-salt.

Past tense 'bud'.

نان پرنمک نخور.

Don't eat high-salt bread.

Imperative negative 'nakhor'.

این ماهی پرنمک است.

This fish is high-salt.

Simple adjective usage.

سیب‌زمینی سرخ‌کرده پرنمک است.

The French fries are high-salt.

Compound noun 'sib-zamini sorkh-karde'.

من همیشه غذای پرنمک می‌خوردم اما الان نه.

I used to always eat high-salt food, but not now.

Imperfect tense 'mikhoordam' for past habits.

این آجیل از آن یکی پرنمک‌تر است.

These nuts are saltier than those ones.

Comparative form '-tar'.

او به دنبال نان کم‌نمک است، نه پرنمک.

He is looking for low-salt bread, not high-salt.

Contrast between 'kam-namak' and 'por-namak'.

غذاهای پرنمک برای بچه‌ها خوب نیستند.

High-salt foods are not good for children.

Plural subject and verb.

چرا اینقدر خورش را پرنمک کردی؟

Why did you make the stew so high-salt?

Informal 'kardi' (you made).

ما در رستوران غذای پرنمک نخوردیم.

We didn't eat high-salt food at the restaurant.

Simple past negative.

پنیرهای تبریزی معمولاً پرنمک هستند.

Tabrizi cheeses are usually high-salt.

Adverb 'ma'mulan' (usually).

لطفاً برای من سیب‌زمینی پرنمک نیاورید.

Please do not bring high-salt fries for me.

Polite imperative negative.

پزشک به مادرم گفت که از مصرف غذاهای پرنمک خودداری کند.

The doctor told my mother to avoid consuming high-salt foods.

Use of 'khoddari kardan' (to avoid).

بسیاری از غذاهای آماده و کنسروی بسیار پرنمک هستند.

Many ready-made and canned foods are very high-salt.

Compound adjectives 'amade' and 'konservi'.

اگر غذا پرنمک شد، می‌توانید کمی آب به آن اضافه کنید.

If the food becomes high-salt, you can add some water to it.

Conditional 'agar' clause.

رژیم غذایی پرنمک یکی از دلایل اصلی فشار خون بالا است.

A high-salt diet is one of the main causes of high blood pressure.

Abstract noun 'dalil' (reason).

در این فروشگاه، خیارشورهای پرنمک و کم‌نمک جدا شده‌اند.

In this store, high-salt and low-salt pickles are separated.

Passive voice 'joda shode-and'.

او همیشه به شور بودن غذا اعتراض می‌کند، مخصوصاً اگر پرنمک باشد.

He always complains about the food being salty, especially if it's high-salt.

Subordinate clause with 'agar'.

آیا می‌دانستید که نان‌های سنتی گاهی بیش از حد پرنمک هستند؟

Did you know that traditional breads are sometimes excessively high-salt?

Phrase 'bish az had' (excessively).

مصرف میان‌عده‌های پرنمک در مدارس ممنوع شده است.

Consumption of high-salt snacks in schools has been banned.

Formal passive 'mamnu shode ast'.

کاهش مصرف محصولات پرنمک می‌تواند خطر سکته قلبی را کاهش دهد.

Reducing the consumption of high-salt products can decrease the risk of heart attack.

Gerund 'kahesh' (reduction) as subject.

برچسب‌های سلامت روی بسته‌بندی‌ها، میزان پرنمک بودن کالا را نشان می‌دهند.

Health labels on packaging show how high-salt the product is.

Nominalization 'por-namak budan'.

با وجود هشدارهای بهداشتی، هنوز بسیاری از مردم به تنقلات پرنمک علاقه دارند.

Despite health warnings, many people still have an interest in high-salt snacks.

Prepositional phrase 'ba vojud-e' (despite).

صنایع غذایی موظف شده‌اند که از تولید چیپس‌های پرنمک خودداری کنند.

The food industries have been mandated to avoid producing high-salt chips.

Formal 'movazzaf shodan' (to be mandated).

تغییر ذائقه از غذاهای پرنمک به کم‌نمک زمان‌بر است.

Changing the palate from high-salt to low-salt foods is time-consuming.

Compound adjective 'zaman-bar' (time-consuming).

در برخی مناطق، آب چاه‌ها به دلیل خشکسالی پرنمک شده است.

In some areas, well water has become high-salt due to drought.

Causal phrase 'be dalil-e' (due to).

این ماهی‌ها در محیطی بسیار پرنمک پرورش یافته‌اند.

These fish have been raised in a very high-salt environment.

Present perfect passive 'parvaresh yafte-and'.

باید از خریدن آجیل‌های کهنه و پرنمک که برای سلامتی مضر هستند پرهیز کرد.

One must avoid buying old and high-salt nuts that are harmful to health.

Impersonal 'bayad ... kard' construction.

تحقیقات اخیر نشان می‌دهند که رابطه‌ای مستقیم میان رژیم‌های پرنمک و بیماری‌های کلیوی وجود دارد.

Recent research shows a direct link between high-salt diets and kidney diseases.

Complex sentence with 'mian' (between).

سیاست‌های مالیاتی جدید بر کالاهای پرنمک، با هدف بهبود سلامت عمومی وضع شده‌اند.

New tax policies on high-salt goods have been enacted with the aim of improving public health.

Formal 'vaz' shodan' (to be enacted).

غلظت بالای املاح در این تالاب، آن را به محیطی پرنمک و غیرقابل زیست برای بسیاری از گونه‌ها تبدیل کرده است.

The high concentration of minerals in this lagoon has turned it into a high-salt and uninhabitable environment for many species.

Scientific terminology like 'ghhelzat' and 'amlah'.

در متون طب سنتی، مصرف بیش از حد مواد پرنمک به عنوان عاملی برای خشکی بدن ذکر شده است.

In traditional medicine texts, excessive consumption of high-salt substances is mentioned as a factor for body dryness.

Reference to 'Teb-e Sonnati'.

تولیدکنندگان مواد غذایی ملزم به درج هشدار بر روی محصولات پرنمک خود هستند.

Food producers are required to include warnings on their high-salt products.

Formal 'molzam be' (required to).

بررسی‌های اپیدمیولوژیک حاکی از آن است که جوامع با مصرف بالای نان پرنمک، نرخ بالاتری از فشار خون را تجربه می‌کنند.

Epidemiological studies indicate that societies with high consumption of high-salt bread experience higher rates of blood pressure.

Academic phrase 'haki az an ast' (indicates that).

اصلاح الگوی مصرف و دوری از تنقلات پرنمک نیازمند آموزش‌های گسترده فرهنگی است.

Modifying the consumption pattern and staying away from high-salt snacks requires extensive cultural education.

Abstract nouns 'eslah' and 'olgu'.

برخی از پنیرهای محلی به قدری پرنمک هستند که باید پیش از مصرف در آب خیسانده شوند.

Some local cheeses are so high-salt that they must be soaked in water before consumption.

Result clause 'be ghadri ... ke'.

پارادوکس موجود در ذائقه ایرانی، تمایل به طعم‌های اصیل در کنار وفور محصولات فرآوری‌شده‌ی پرنمک است.

The paradox in the Iranian palate is the desire for authentic flavors alongside the abundance of high-salt processed products.

Sophisticated vocabulary like 'paradox' and 'vofur'.

تحلیل‌های شیمیایی نشان‌دهنده اشباع خاک منطقه از ترکیبات پرنمک است که کشاورزی را با چالش مواجه کرده است.

Chemical analyses indicate the saturation of the region's soil with high-salt compounds, which has challenged agriculture.

Technical use of 'por-namak' in geology/agriculture.

پدیده 'پنهان‌کاری نمک' در فست‌فودها باعث می‌شود مصرف‌کننده متوجه نشود که یک وعده غذایی تا چه حد پرنمک است.

The phenomenon of 'salt hiding' in fast foods prevents the consumer from realizing how high-salt a meal is.

Complex noun phrase 'penhan-kari-ye namak'.

در بستر تاریخ، نمک‌سود کردن به عنوان روشی برای بقا، منجر به شکل‌گیری ذائقه‌ای متمایل به خوراک‌های پرنمک گشته است.

Throughout history, salt-curing as a survival method has led to the formation of a palate inclined toward high-salt foods.

Historical/Sociological register.

تلاش‌های نهادهای بین‌المللی برای کاهش سدیم در رژیم‌های پرنمک با مقاومت‌های فرهنگی در برخی مناطق روبرو شده است.

International organizations' efforts to reduce sodium in high-salt diets have faced cultural resistance in certain regions.

Global/Political context.

گذار از سنت‌های آشپزی پرنمک به سوی تغذیه سالم، مستلزم بازتعریف استانداردهای چشایی در جامعه است.

The transition from high-salt culinary traditions toward healthy nutrition requires a redefinition of taste standards in society.

Philosophical/Societal register.

تاثیرات مخرب محیط‌های پرنمک بر زیرساخت‌های بتنی، هزینه‌های هنگفتی را بر اقتصاد ساحلی تحمیل می‌کند.

The destructive effects of high-salt environments on concrete infrastructure impose huge costs on the coastal economy.

Engineering context.

ادبیات معاصر گاه از استعاره 'نان پرنمک' برای توصیف سختی معیشت و رنج‌های طبقه کارگر بهره می‌برد.

Contemporary literature sometimes uses the metaphor of 'high-salt bread' to describe the hardship of livelihood and the suffering of the working class.

Literary analysis.

常见搭配

رژیم پرنمک

غذای پرنمک

آجیل پرنمک

نان پرنمک

خیارشور پرنمک

پنیر پرنمک

تنقلات پرنمک

آب پرنمک

بسیار پرنمک

کمی پرنمک

常用短语

پرنمک کردن

— To make something high-salt during cooking.

آشپز غذا را پرنمک کرد.

پرنمک شدن

— To become high-salt (often by accident).

برنج کمی پرنمک شده است.

عادت به غذای پرنمک

— Being used to high-salt food.

او به غذای پرنمک عادت دارد.

مضرات غذای پرنمک

— The harms of high-salt food.

همه مضرات غذای پرنمک را می‌دانند.

پرهیز از پرنمک

— Avoiding high-salt (items).

پرهیز از پرنمک برای بیماران ضروری است.

طعم پرنمک

— A high-salt taste.

این پنیر طعم پرنمک خاصی دارد.

فرهنگ پرنمک

— A culture of high salt consumption.

فرهنگ پرنمک در این منطقه شایع است.

محصولات پرنمک

— High-salt products.

محصولات پرنمک باید مالیات بیشتری بدهند.

بسته‌بندی پرنمک

— High-salt packaging (referring to the content).

این بسته‌بندی پرنمک به نظر می‌رسد.

تولید پرنمک

— High-salt production.

تولید پرنمک در نانوایی‌ها کاهش یافته است.

容易混淆的词

پرنمک vs بانمک (ba-namak)

Means funny/charming. Never use 'por-namak' for a person's personality.

پرنمک vs شور (shoor)

Means salty taste. 'Por-namak' is about the amount of salt added.

پرنمک vs بی‌نمک (bi-namak)

Means bland. Sometimes learners use 'kam-namak' when they mean 'bi-namak'.

习语与表达

"نان و نمک کسی را خوردن"

— To be indebted to someone's hospitality. While 'por-namak' isn't the idiom, it uses the root.

ما نان و نمک او را خورده‌ایم.

Cultural/Traditional

"نمک به زخم پاشیدن"

— To rub salt in the wound. Making a bad situation worse.

با این حرفت نمک به زخمم پاشیدی.

Common

"نمک‌گیر شدن"

— To feel obligated to someone after receiving their kindness/food.

من نمک‌گیر محبت‌های شما هستم.

Polite

"بی‌نمک"

— Bland or not funny.

جوک او خیلی بی‌نمک بود.

Informal

"بانمک"

— Funny, cute, or charming.

آن گربه خیلی بانمک است.

Informal

"نمک‌نشناس"

— Ungrateful. Someone who forgets the 'salt' (kindness) they received.

او آدم نمک‌نشناسی است.

Neutral

"شورِ چیزی را درآوردن"

— To overdo something (related to 'shoor' - salty).

دیگر شورِ این شوخی را درآوردی.

Informal

"روی زخم کسی نمک پاشیدن"

— To aggravate someone's pain.

لطفاً روی زخمم نمک نپاش.

Common

"نمک‌پرورده"

— Raised/supported by someone (showing loyalty).

من نمک‌پرورده این خاندان هستم.

Formal/Traditional

"به اندازه نمک"

— In a very small amount (like salt).

فقط به اندازه نمک صبر کن.

Informal

容易混淆

پرنمک vs بانمک

Both share the root 'namak'.

Ba-namak is for personality/cuteness; Por-namak is for food content.

بچه بانمک است، اما سیب‌زمینی پرنمک است.

پرنمک vs شور

Both describe saltiness.

Shoor is the sensory perception (taste); Por-namak is the ingredient description.

این سوپ خیلی شور است چون آشپز آن را پرنمک کرده.

پرنمک vs نمکی

Related to salt.

Namaki often refers to a color or a specific type of salty snack.

او یک مانتوی نمکی (رنگ) پوشیده است.

پرنمک vs کم‌نمک

Opposite meanings.

Kam-namak means low salt; Por-namak means high salt.

من نان کم‌نمک می‌خواهم، نه پرنمک.

پرنمک vs بی‌نمک

Related to salt levels.

Bi-namak means no salt or boring; Por-namak is the extreme opposite.

این جوک بی‌نمک بود، اما این آجیل پرنمک است.

句型

[Noun] [Adjective] ast.

غذا پرنمک است.

Man [Noun]-e [Adjective] doost nadaram.

من پنیر پرنمک دوست ندارم.

Pezeshk goft [Noun]-e [Adjective] nakhor.

پزشک گفت غذای پرنمک نخور.

Agar [Noun] [Adjective] shod, [Action].

اگر خورش پرنمک شد، آب بریز.

Masraf-e [Noun]-haye [Adjective] khatarnak ast.

مصرف تنقلات پرنمک خطرناک است.

[Noun] az [Noun] [Adjective]-tar ast.

این آجیل از آن یکی پرنمک‌تر است.

Be dalil-e [Noun]-e [Adjective], [Result].

به دلیل رژیم پرنمک، او بیمار شد.

Eslah-e [Noun]-haye [Adjective] zaruri ast.

اصلاح الگوهای پرنمک ضروری است.

词族

名词

نمک (salt)

نمکدان (salt shaker)

نمکزار (salt flat)

نمک‌سود (salt-cured food)

动词

نمک زدن (to salt)

نمک‌سود کردن (to cure with salt)

شور کردن (to make salty)

形容词

نمکین (salty/charming)

بانمک (funny)

بی‌نمک (bland/boring)

کم‌نمک (low-salt)

شور (salty)

如何使用

frequency

Common in daily conversation and health media.

常见错误

Calling a funny person 'por-namak'. → Calling them 'ba-namak'.
'Por-namak' is literal (high salt), 'ba-namak' is idiomatic (funny).
Saying 'ghaza por-namak'. → Saying 'ghaza-ye por-namak'.
You must use the Ezafe to connect the noun and adjective.
Using 'por-namak' for the sea. → Using 'shoor'.
Natural bodies of water are described as 'shoor'.
Putting 'kheyli' inside the word. → Putting 'kheyli' before the word.
It's 'kheyli por-namak', not 'por-kheyli-namak'.
Confusing 'por-namak' with 'namak-dan'. → Use 'por-namak' as the adjective and 'namak-dan' as the noun (shaker).
One is a description, the other is an object.

小贴士

Use Ezafe

Always remember the 'e' sound when putting 'por-namak' after a noun. Say 'ghaza-ye por-namak'.

Por- Prefix

Learn 'por-namak' as part of the 'por-' family (por-rang, por-harf, etc.) to expand your vocabulary quickly.

Medical Context

Use this word when talking to doctors in Iran about hypertension or diet.

Dining Etiquette

If food is too salty, saying 'kame por-namake' is a polite way to mention it.

Check the Label

Look for 'por-namak' or the red color on Iranian food labels to avoid high sodium.

Stress it Right

Put the stress on the last syllable '-mak' to sound like a native speaker.

Half-Space

In formal writing, use the Nim-fasele (half-space) between 'por' and 'namak'.

Pickle Warning

Remember that most Iranian 'Khiar-shoor' (pickles) are naturally 'por-namak'.

Antonym Use

Always keep 'kam-namak' in mind as the healthier alternative.

Using -tar

Use 'por-namaktar' when comparing different brands of snacks.

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine a 'POUR' of salt. 'POR' sounds like 'pour'. You pour too much salt, so it becomes 'POR-NAMAK'.

视觉联想

Picture a salt shaker with the cap fallen off, emptying entirely into a pot of soup.

Word Web

Namak (Salt) Por (Full) Ghaza (Food) Shoor (Salty) Fashar-e Khon (Blood Pressure) Kam-namak (Low salt) Ba-namak (Funny) Bi-namak (Bland)

挑战

Try to find three items in your kitchen that are 'por-namak' and label them in Persian.

词源

The word is a Persian compound. 'Por' comes from Middle Persian 'purr' (full), and 'namak' comes from Middle Persian 'namak' (salt).

原始含义： Literally 'full of salt'. It has maintained this literal meaning for centuries.

Indo-European (Indo-Iranian branch).

文化背景

Be careful not to call a person 'por-namak' as it sounds like a literal description of their skin or diet, not a personality trait.

In English, we just say 'salty' or 'high-sodium'. 'Por-namak' is more specific about the quantity of salt added.

Ministry of Health campaigns against 'Namak' in Iran. Traditional songs mentioning 'Nan-o-namak'. Persian proverbs about salt and loyalty.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Restaurant

لطفاً پرنمک نباشد.
این غذا خیلی پرنمک است.
آیا غذای کم‌نمک دارید؟
آشپز غذا را پرنمک کرده.

Doctor's Office

نباید غذای پرنمک بخورید.
رژیم پرنمک برای شما بد است.
فشار خون شما به خاطر نمک است.
از محصولات پرنمک دوری کنید.

Grocery Store

این آجیل پرنمک است؟
من پنیر پرنمک نمی‌خواهم.
خیارشور پرنمک کجاست؟
این برند خیلی پرنمک است.

Home Cooking

غذا پرنمک شده.
نمک زیاد نزن.
کمی آب بریز تا پرنمک نباشد.
سیب‌زمینی‌ها خیلی پرنمک هستند.

Health Seminar

کاهش مصرف نمک ضروری است.
خطرات رژیم پرنمک.
نان‌های پرنمک در نانوایی‌ها.
آموزش تغذیه سالم.

对话开场白

"آیا شما به غذاهای پرنمک علاقه دارید یا کم‌نمک؟"

"به نظر شما چرا نان‌های سنتی در ایران پرنمک هستند؟"

"اگر در رستوران غذای پرنمک برایتان بیاورند، چه می‌کنید؟"

"آیا در کشور شما هم مردم زیاد غذای پرنمک می‌خورند؟"

"کدام یک از تنقلات به نظر شما خیلی پرنمک است؟"

日记主题

درباره عادت‌های غذایی خود بنویسید؛ آیا غذاهای پرنمک را ترجیح می‌دهید؟

تجربه‌ای را توصیف کنید که در آن یک غذای بسیار پرنمک خوردید.

چگونه می‌توانیم مردم را تشویق کنیم تا کمتر از محصولات پرنمک استفاده کنند؟

تاثیرات رژیم غذایی پرنمک بر سلامتی جامعه چیست؟

تفاوت طعم بین غذای خانگی و غذای رستورانی از نظر پرنمک بودن چیست؟

常见问题

10 个问题

No, 'por-namak' only refers to the amount of salt in food or a substance. To say someone is funny or charming, use 'ba-namak'.

'Shoor' is the taste (salty), while 'por-namak' is the content (high-salt). You can say a dish is 'shoor' because it is 'por-namak'.

It is neutral and can be used in both formal (health reports) and informal (kitchen talk) situations.

Add the suffix '-tar' to get 'por-namaktar'.

Usually, we say 'shoor' for the sea. 'Por-namak' might be used in a scientific context to describe salinity levels.

The direct opposite is 'kam-namak' (low-salt) or 'bi-namak' (no-salt/bland).

It is a compound word. In modern Persian, it is often written with a half-space (پرنمک).

Yes, you can say someone has a 'rejim-e por-namak' (high-salt diet).

Generally no, it is usually a warning or a complaint about too much salt, unless someone specifically likes high-salt food.

Yes, especially in health news regarding blood pressure and food safety standards.

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