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سختگیر

A2 adjective 9分钟阅读

سختگیر

sakhtgir

开始练习例句笔记与提示 سختگیر 30秒了解

解析 سختگیر in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'sakhtgir' means 'strict.' You can use it in very simple sentences to describe people you know. For example, 'My teacher is strict' or 'My mom is not strict.' At this stage, don't worry about the complex grammar or the adverbial forms. Just remember it as a single word to describe a personality. It is the opposite of 'kind' (mehrabān) or 'easy' (āsan-gir) in a child's vocabulary. You might hear it in school or at home. Just focus on the basic 'Noun is Adjective' pattern: [Person] + [sakhtgir] + [ast]. This will help you describe the people in your life using basic Persian. Remember the sound: SAKHT-GIR.

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At the A2 level, you start to use 'sakhtgir' with more detail. You can now use the preposition 'nesbat be' (towards) to say what someone is strict about. For example, 'He is strict towards students.' You should also be able to use the 'ezafe' to link it directly to a noun, like 'mo'allem-e sakhtgir' (the strict teacher). You are beginning to understand that this word is a compound of 'sakht' (hard) and 'gir' (taker). This helps you remember it. You can also start using the comparative form 'sakhtgirtar' (stricter) to compare two people, like 'My father is stricter than my mother.' This level is about expanding the basic description into more useful, everyday comparisons and specific details.

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'sakhtgir' in various contexts, including the workplace and social situations. You can now distinguish between being 'strict' (sakhtgir) and being 'serious' (jeddi). You should also start using the noun form 'sakhtgiri' (strictness). For example, 'The strictness of the teacher was good for us.' You can use it to describe not just people, but also systems like 'strict rules' or 'strict discipline.' You are also introduced to the adverbial form 'sakhtgirane' (strictly), which allows you to describe actions: 'He spoke strictly.' At this level, your sentences should be more complex, using conjunctions like 'because' or 'although' to explain why someone is strict or how you feel about it.

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At the B2 level, you use 'sakhtgir' with nuance. You understand the cultural implications—how strictness is often seen as a sign of caring or high standards in Iranian society. You can participate in discussions about whether strict parenting or teaching is effective. You should be familiar with synonyms like 'moghararati' (by-the-book) and 'khoshk' (inflexible/dry) and know when to use them instead of 'sakhtgir.' You can use the word in professional settings to discuss management styles or corporate policies. Your vocabulary includes collocations like 'sakhtgiraneh-tarin sharāyet' (the strictest conditions). You are able to use the word in more abstract ways, such as being strict with oneself in pursuit of a goal.

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At the C1 level, you use 'sakhtgir' and its derivatives with native-like precision. you can use it in academic or literary contexts. You understand the etymological roots and can use related words from the 'gereftan' root effortlessly. You can discuss the philosophical aspects of 'sakhtgiri' in literature or social commentary. You are familiar with idioms related to strictness, like 'moo rā az māst keshidan' (being extremely meticulous/strict). You can write formal reports or essays using 'sakhtgirane' to describe rigorous methodologies or stringent government regulations. You understand the subtle difference between 'sakhtgiri' (strictness) and 'estebdād' (tyranny) and can navigate these sensitive topics in conversation.

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At the C2 level, 'sakhtgir' is just one of many tools in your vast vocabulary. You can use it to analyze complex characters in Persian cinema or literature, discussing the 'sakhtgiri' of a protagonist as a tragic flaw or a source of strength. You can use the word in high-level legal or political discourse, perhaps discussing the 'sakhtgirane' interpretation of constitutional law. You have a feel for the rhythm of the word in poetry or formal oratory. You can use it ironically or sarcastically in social settings. You are also aware of regional variations in how the word might be used or perceived across the Persian-speaking world (Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan). Your mastery is such that you can explain the nuances of this word to other learners.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

سختگیر 30秒了解

Sakhtgir means strict or rigorous, used for people like teachers or parents.
It is a compound word: Sakht (hard) + Gir (taker/stem of gereftan).
It can be positive (high standards) or negative (harsh/inflexible) depending on context.
The adverbial form is 'sakhtgirane,' used for rules, laws, or behaviors.

The Persian word سختگیر (sakhtgir) is a compound adjective that is fundamental to describing personality traits, professional standards, and disciplinary approaches in Iranian culture. At its core, it translates to 'strict,' 'rigorous,' or 'harsh.' The word is formed by combining sakht (meaning hard or difficult) with the present stem of the verb gereftan (to take or to catch), which is gir. Literally, it describes someone who 'takes things hard' or 'holds a hard line.' This linguistic construction perfectly captures the essence of a person who does not easily overlook mistakes or deviate from established rules. In the Iranian social fabric, being sakhtgir is often viewed with a complex mixture of respect and trepidation. For instance, a mo'allem-e sakhtgir (strict teacher) is often credited with the academic success of their students, even if those students found the experience taxing at the time.

The Academic Context: In schools and universities, this word describes professors who grade harshly or have very high expectations for assignments. It is not necessarily a negative term; it implies a commitment to excellence and a refusal to accept mediocrity.

استاد ما در تصحیح ورقه‌ها خیلی سختگیر است.
(Our professor is very strict in grading the papers.)

The Parental Context: When describing parents, sakhtgir refers to those who enforce strict curfews, demand high grades, and maintain traditional values. It suggests a lack of flexibility in household rules.

Beyond individuals, the word can extend to institutions or processes. For example, ghavanin-e sakhtgirane (strict laws) or mo'ayeneh-ye fanni-ye sakhtgirane (strict technical inspection). In these cases, the suffix '-ane' is added to turn the adjective into an adverbial or descriptive form for inanimate objects. In professional settings, a manager might be sakhtgir regarding punctuality or the quality of reports. This trait is often contrasted with being āsan-gir (easy-going), which is its direct antonym. Understanding the nuance of this word requires recognizing that it spans a spectrum from 'disciplined' to 'tyrannical,' depending on the context and the speaker's tone of voice. In Persian literature and daily conversation, the concept of 'sakhtgiri' is often debated: is it a necessary tool for growth, or a barrier to creativity? This cultural duality makes it a rich word for any learner to master.

پدرم نسبت به ساعت آمد و رفت من خیلی سختگیر بود.
(My father was very strict regarding my coming and going hours.)

Self-Discipline: One can also be sakhtgir toward oneself. This implies a high level of self-control and a refusal to indulge in laziness or excuses.

Using سختگیر correctly in a sentence requires an understanding of Persian adjective placement and the use of prepositions. In Persian, adjectives typically follow the noun they modify, connected by the ezafe (the short 'e' sound). For example, 'a strict teacher' becomes mo'allem-e sakhtgir. When the adjective functions as a predicate (e.g., 'The teacher is strict'), it comes at the end of the sentence before the verb 'to be' (ast or hast).

Grammatical Structure: Noun + (ezafe) + سختگیر + [Verb]. Example: مدیر سختگیر آمد (The strict manager came).

او نسبت به کارمندانش بسیار سختگیر است.
(He is very strict towards his employees.)

A crucial preposition often used with sakhtgir is nesbat be (towards/regarding). When you want to specify what or who the person is strict about, you use this construction. For instance, 'strict about food' would be nesbat be ghazā sakhtgir. Another common construction is using the word as a noun by adding the suffix '-i' to form sakhtgiri (strictness/rigor). This allows you to talk about the concept itself, such as 'The strictness of the law' (sakhtgiri-ye ghānun).

Comparison and Superlatives: To say 'stricter,' add '-tar' (sakhtgirtar). To say 'strictest,' add '-tarin' (sakhtgirtarin). Example: سختگیرترین معلم مدرسه (The strictest teacher in the school).

In more formal or literary contexts, you might see the word paired with verbs like boodan (to be), shodan (to become), or nemoodan (to appear/show - formal). For example, 'Don't be so strict' is in-ghadr sakhtgir nabāsh. If you are describing an action that was done in a strict manner, you would use the adverbial form sakhtgirane. For instance, 'He behaved strictly' (او سختگیرانه رفتار کرد). This distinction between the person (sakhtgir) and the manner (sakhtgirane) is vital for reaching an intermediate level of Persian proficiency.

قوانین سختگیرانه ای برای مهاجرت وضع شده است.
(Strict laws have been enacted for immigration.)

The word سختگیر is ubiquitous in Iranian daily life, appearing in various domains from the dining table to the courtroom. One of the most common places you will hear it is in the context of family discussions. Iranian parents, often deeply invested in their children's educational and moral upbringing, are frequently described by their children (or by each other) as sakhtgir. You might hear a teenager complaining to a friend, 'My dad is so sakhtgir about my grades,' or a mother defending her husband's discipline by saying it's necessary for their future.

In the Workplace: Employees often use this word to describe a boss (modir) who is uncompromising about deadlines or office protocol. It’s a standard topic of 'water cooler' conversation in Tehran offices.

همه می‌دانند که او رئیس سختگیری است.
(Everyone knows he is a strict boss.)

In the realm of media and news, sakhtgir and its derivatives are used to describe government policies, international sanctions, or judicial rulings. News anchors might report on 'strict regulations' (mogharrarāt-e sakhtgirane) regarding environmental protection or financial transactions. In sports, a coach (morabbi) who puts their players through intense training regimes is invariably labeled sakhtgir. Fans might debate whether a coach's sakhtgiri is the reason for the team's victory or the cause of the players' exhaustion.

Another interesting context is the 'selective' or 'picky' nature of a person. While vasvasi is more common for 'obsessive/picky,' sakhtgir can be used for someone who has very high standards for choosing a partner or buying a house. A friend might say, 'Don't be so sakhtgir, this apartment is great!' (In-ghadr sakhtgir nabāsh...). This usage highlights the word's connection to high standards and the refusal to settle for less than perfection. Whether in a movie dialogue, a university hallway, or a corporate boardroom, sakhtgir is the go-to word for expressing the presence of high, unyielding standards.

او در انتخاب دوست خیلی سختگیر است.
(He is very strict/picky in choosing a friend.)

For English speakers learning Persian, the most frequent mistake is confusing سخت (sakht) with سختگیر (sakhtgir). While they share the same root, their usage is distinct. Sakht is a general adjective meaning 'hard' or 'difficult' and is used for objects, tasks, or situations. Sakhtgir is specifically for people or entities that *enforce* hardness or have high standards. You can say a 'hard exam' (emtehān-e sakht), but you cannot say a 'strict exam' using sakhtgir; instead, you would say the *teacher* is sakhtgir.

Mistake: Using 'Sakhtgir' for Objects: Incorrect: این صندلی خیلی سختگیر است (This chair is very strict).
Correct: این صندلی خیلی سفت/سخت است (This chair is very hard/stiff).

اشتباه متداول: نباید به جای کلمه «دشوار» از سختگیر استفاده کرد.
(Common mistake: One should not use 'strict' instead of 'difficult'.)

Another common error is the placement of the preposition. English speakers often want to use 'with' (bā) because we say 'strict with someone.' In Persian, while bā is sometimes used, the more natural and common preposition is nesbat be (towards/regarding). Saying bā man sakhtgir ast is understandable, but nesbat be man sakhtgir ast sounds much more native. Additionally, learners often forget to use the adverbial form sakhtgirane when describing an action, mistakenly using the base adjective instead.

Mistake: Adjective vs. Adverb: Incorrect: او سختگیر رفتار کرد (He behaved strict).
Correct: او سختگیرانه رفتار کرد (He behaved strictly).

Lastly, there is the confusion between sakhtgir and jeddi (serious). While a strict person is usually serious, a serious person is not always strict. Jeddi refers to a lack of humor or a focused demeanor, whereas sakhtgir specifically refers to the imposition of rules and high standards. A teacher can be funny and lighthearted but still sakhtgir when it comes to grading. Distinguishing between these two personality traits will significantly improve your descriptive capabilities in Persian.

To truly master the concept of strictness in Persian, it is helpful to look at the synonyms and related terms that offer different shades of meaning. While سختگیر is the most common all-purpose word, others might be more appropriate depending on whether you want to emphasize discipline, lack of emotion, or legalistic adherence to rules.

سختگیر (Sakhtgir) vs. جدی (Jeddi): Sakhtgir: Focuses on high standards and enforcement of rules. (e.g., a strict grader).
Jeddi: Focuses on a serious, non-joking demeanor. (e.g., a serious doctor).

او در کارش بسیار جدی است، اما آدم سختگیری نیست.
(He is very serious in his work, but he is not a strict person.)

سختگیر (Sakhtgir) vs. مقرراتی (Moghararati): Sakhtgir: Can be personally demanding or harsh.
Moghararati: Specifically means someone who follows regulations (mogharrarāt) to the letter, often translated as 'by-the-book.'

Other alternatives include khoshk (literally 'dry'), which is used for someone who is stiff, formal, and lacks flexibility in social interactions. This has a more negative connotation than sakhtgir. Then there is ghāte' (decisive/resolute), which is a positive way to describe someone who is firm and doesn't change their mind easily. For legal or technical contexts, shadid (intense/severe) might be used for punishments, though not for people's personalities. For example, mojāzāt-e shadid (severe punishment) is more common than mojāzāt-e sakhtgirane.

In summary, while sakhtgir is your 'Swiss Army knife' word for strictness, using moghararati for a bureaucrat, khoshk for an unfriendly official, or ghāte' for a strong leader will make your Persian sound much more nuanced and sophisticated. Understanding these differences allows you to describe people's characters with much greater precision.

پلیس راهنمایی و رانندگی در این شهر خیلی مقرراتی است.
(The traffic police in this city are very by-the-book/rule-oriented.)

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The 'gir' part comes from the ancient root 'grab-' (to seize), which is also the ancestor of the English word 'grab'. So a 'sakhtgir' is literally someone who 'grabs hard'.

发音指南

UK sæxtˈɡiːr

US sæxtˈɡɪr

The primary stress is on the second syllable: sakht-GIR.

押韵词

Dargir (involved) Pishgir (preventive) Zanjir (chain) Taksir (reproduction) Tagh-ir (change) Shamsir (sword) Tasvir (picture) Kavir (desert)

常见错误

Pronouncing the 'kh' (خ) as a simple 'k'. It should be a raspy sound like the 'ch' in 'Bach'.
Making the 'i' too short. It should be a long 'ee' sound.
Forgetting the 't' in the middle cluster 'xt'.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Easy to recognize once the root 'sakht' is known.

写作 3/5

Requires remembering the compound structure and the 'kh' sound.

口语 3/5

Pronouncing 'xtg' cluster clearly can be tricky for beginners.

听力 2/5

Usually clearly enunciated in both formal and informal speech.

接下来学什么

前置知识

سخت (hard) گرفتن (to take) معلم (teacher) پدر (father)

接下来学习

مقرراتی (rule-oriented) جدی (serious) منضبط (disciplined) گذشت (forgiveness)

高级

انضباط (discipline) اقتدار (authority) وسواس (obsession/meticulousness)

需要掌握的语法

Ezafe Construction

معلمِ سختگیر (The strict teacher)

Adjective Comparison

سختگیرتر (Stricter)

Adverb Formation with -ane

سختگیرانه (Strictly)

Noun Formation with -i

سختگیری (Strictness)

Preposition 'nesbat be'

نسبت به او سختگیر است.

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按水平分级的例句

معلم من سختگیر است.

My teacher is strict.

Simple Subject + Adjective + Verb structure.

پدر او سختگیر نیست.

His/her father is not strict.

Negative form using 'nist'.

آیا شما سختگیر هستید؟

Are you strict?

Interrogative form for 'you' (plural/formal).

مادر من کمی سختگیر است.

My mother is a little strict.

Using 'kami' (a little) as an adverb of degree.

او یک مدیر سختگیر است.

He is a strict manager.

Using ezafe to link noun and adjective.

برادرم خیلی سختگیر است.

My brother is very strict.

Using 'kheyli' (very) for emphasis.

من سختگیر نیستم.

I am not strict.

First person singular negative.

آنها سختگیر هستند.

They are strict.

Third person plural.

او نسبت به بچه‌ها سختگیر است.

He is strict towards the children.

Using the preposition 'nesbat be'.

این معلم از آن معلم سختگیرتر است.

This teacher is stricter than that teacher.

Comparative form with '-tar'.

سختگیرترین فرد خانواده کیست؟

Who is the strictest person in the family?

Superlative form with '-tarin'.

پدرم در مورد درس‌ها سختگیر بود.

My father was strict about lessons.

Past tense 'bood'.

چرا اینقدر سختگیر هستی؟

Why are you so strict?

Using 'inghadr' (this much/so).

او مدیر سختگیری است.

He is a strict manager (indefinite).

Indefinite 'i' at the end of the adjective.

ما به یک مربی سختگیر نیاز داریم.

We need a strict coach.

Using 'niyāz dārim' (we need).

او اصلاً سختگیر نیست.

He is not strict at all.

Using 'aslan' (at all) for negation.

سختگیری او باعث شد من بیشتر درس بخوانم.

His strictness caused me to study more.

Noun form 'sakhtgiri' as the subject.

او سختگیرانه با من صحبت کرد.

He spoke strictly with me.

Adverbial form 'sakhtgirane'.

من نسبت به خودم خیلی سختگیر هستم.

I am very strict with myself.

Reflexive use with 'khod'.

قوانین این کتابخانه خیلی سختگیرانه است.

The rules of this library are very strict.

Applying the adjective to an abstract noun (rules).

او به دلیل سختگیری زیاد، دوستان کمی دارد.

Because of too much strictness, he has few friends.

Cause and effect using 'be dalil-e'.

نباید در مورد مسائل کوچک سختگیر بود.

One shouldn't be strict about small issues.

Impersonal 'nabāyad' (one shouldn't).

مدیر جدید از مدیر قبلی سختگیرتر به نظر می‌رسد.

The new manager seems stricter than the previous one.

Using 'be nazar mi-resad' (seems).

او با لحنی سختگیرانه دستور داد.

He gave orders with a strict tone.

Using 'lahn' (tone) with the adjective.

جامعه نسبت به زنان بسیار سختگیر است.

Society is very strict towards women.

Social context with abstract subject 'jāme'eh'.

این پروژه به نظارت سختگیرانه‌ای نیاز دارد.

This project needs strict supervision.

Adjective modifying 'nezārat' (supervision).

او علی‌رغم ظاهر سختگیرش، قلبی مهربان دارد.

Despite his strict appearance, he has a kind heart.

Contrast using 'ali-raghm-e' (despite).

سختگیری‌های بی‌مورد باعث دلسردی کارمندان می‌شود.

Unnecessary strictness causes discouragement in employees.

Plural noun 'sakhtgiri-hā'.

او در رعایت رژیم غذایی بسیار سختگیر است.

He is very strict about following his diet.

Specific context of self-discipline.

دولت قوانین سختگیرانه‌ای برای مالیات وضع کرده است.

The government has enacted strict laws for taxes.

Political/Legal context.

او همیشه به روش‌های سختگیرانه سنتی معتقد بود.

He always believed in strict traditional methods.

Combining 'sakhtgirane' with 'sonnati' (traditional).

ما باید در انتخاب منابع علمی سختگیر باشیم.

We must be strict in choosing scientific sources.

Academic context.

نقد سختگیرانه او بر کتاب، نویسنده را شوکه کرد.

His rigorous/harsh critique of the book shocked the author.

Complex noun phrase as subject.

انضباط سختگیرانه ارتش، شخصیت او را تغییر داد.

The army's strict discipline changed his character.

Describing institutional influence.

او با سختگیری تمام، جزئیات قرارداد را بررسی کرد.

With total rigor, he examined the details of the contract.

Using 'bā sakhtgiri-ye tamām' for emphasis.

سختگیری در اجرای عدالت، پایه ثبات هر جامعه‌ای است.

Strictness in the execution of justice is the foundation of any society's stability.

Formal/Philosophical register.

او نسبت به اشتباهات دستوری بسیار سختگیر است.

He is very strict regarding grammatical errors.

Context of linguistic precision.

این معیارها برای پذیرش، بیش از حد سختگیرانه هستند.

These criteria for admission are excessively strict.

Using 'bish az had' (excessively).

او به عنوان یک منتقد سختگیر در سینما شناخته می‌شود.

He is known as a strict critic in cinema.

Describing professional reputation.

سختگیری‌های مذهبی در آن دوران بسیار شدید بود.

Religious strictness was very intense in that era.

Historical context.

رویکرد سختگیرانه او به اپیستمولوژی، بحث‌های زیادی برانگیخت.

His rigorous approach to epistemology sparked many debates.

High-level academic vocabulary.

او در گزینش واژگان، وسواسی سختگیرانه به خرج می‌دهد.

He exercises a strict obsession in the selection of words.

Metaphorical use of 'sakhtgirane'.

فیلترهای سختگیرانه گزینش، مانع ورود نخبگان می‌شود.

Strict selection filters prevent the entry of elites.

Political/Sociological critique.

او با نگاهی سختگیرانه، پارادایم‌های موجود را به چالش کشید.

With a rigorous gaze, he challenged existing paradigms.

Abstract intellectual context.

سختگیری‌های بوروکراتیک، مانع اصلی رشد اقتصادی است.

Bureaucratic rigors are the main obstacle to economic growth.

Economic/Formal register.

او در رعایت پروتکل‌های دیپلماتیک بسیار سختگیر بود.

He was very strict in observing diplomatic protocols.

Diplomatic context.

این اثر هنری نیازمند تحلیلی سختگیرانه و ساختاریافته است.

This artwork requires a rigorous and structured analysis.

Art criticism context.

سختگیری‌های اخلاقی او گاهی به دگماتیسم پهلو می‌زد.

His moral strictness sometimes bordered on dogmatism.

High-level psychological/moral analysis.

常见搭配

معلم سختگیر

پدر سختگیر

قوانین سختگیرانه

مدیر سختگیر

رژیم سختگیرانه

نظارت سختگیرانه

شرایط سختگیرانه

انضباط سختگیرانه

برخورد سختگیرانه

معیارهای سختگیرانه

常用短语

اینقدر سختگیر نباش

— Don't be so strict/hard on someone.

بچه است، اینقدر سختگیر نباش.

سختگیری بیجا

— Unnecessary or misplaced strictness.

سختگیری بیجا باعث فرار جوانان می‌شود.

آدم سختگیری بودن

— To be a strict person.

او کلاً آدم سختگیری است.

سختگیری کردن

— To act strictly or to be hard on someone.

استاد در نمره دادن سختگیری می‌کند.

از روی سختگیری

— Out of strictness.

او این کار را از روی سختگیری انجام داد.

با وجود سختگیری‌ها

— Despite the strictness/rigors.

با وجود سختگیری‌ها، او موفق شد.

سختگیری در کار

— Strictness in work/professionalism.

سختگیری در کار لازم است.

سختگیری والدین

— Parental strictness.

سختگیری والدین همیشه بد نیست.

سختگیری بیش از حد

— Excessive strictness.

سختگیری بیش از حد نتیجه عکس می‌دهد.

سختگیری منطقی

— Logical/reasonable strictness.

ما به کمی سختگیری منطقی نیاز داریم.

容易混淆的词

سختگیر vs سخت (Sakht)

Sakht means hard/difficult (for tasks). Sakhtgir is for people (strict).

سختگیر vs جدی (Jeddi)

Jeddi is serious/not joking. Sakhtgir is about rules/standards.

سختگیر vs بدجنس (Bad-jens)

Bad-jens means mean or malicious. A sakhtgir person isn't necessarily mean.

习语与表达

"مو را از ماست کشیدن"

— To be extremely meticulous, detailed, or strict to the point of being fussy.

او در حسابرسی مو را از ماست می‌کشد.

Informal/Idiomatic

"سخت گرفتن"

— To be hard on someone or to take something too seriously/strictly.

زندگی را انقدر سخت نگیر.

General

"خط و نشان کشیدن"

— To set strict boundaries or threaten someone with consequences.

مدیر برای کارمندان خط و نشان کشید.

Informal

"چشم پوشی نکردن"

— Not to overlook anything (a trait of a sakhtgir person).

او از هیچ خطایی چشم‌پوشی نمی‌کند.

Formal

"مته به خشخاش گذاشتن"

— To be over-scrupulous or unnecessarily strict about details.

در تصحیح کتاب مته به خشخاش نگذار.

Literary/Idiomatic

"با کسی تعارف نداشتن"

— To be blunt and strict with someone without social pleasantries.

من در مورد نمره با کسی تعارف ندارم.

Informal

"حساب و کتاب داشتن"

— To have strict accounting or order (implies strictness).

این شرکت حساب و کتاب دقیقی دارد.

General

"گربه را دم حجله کشتن"

— To be very strict from the very beginning to establish authority.

از روز اول گربه را دم حجله کشت تا همه حساب ببرند.

Informal/Proverb

"سفت و سخت ایستادن"

— To stand firm and strict on a position.

او سفت و سخت پای حرفش ایستاد.

General

"کلاهش پشم نداشتن"

— To lack authority (the opposite of someone who can be sakhtgir).

حرفش خریدار ندارد، کلاهش پشم ندارد.

Informal

容易混淆

سختگیر vs سخت

Shared root.

Sakht is for objects/tasks; Sakhtgir is for people.

این کار سخت است، اما رئیس من سختگیر نیست.

سختگیر vs مقرراتی

Both involve rules.

Moghararati is specifically about following written laws; Sakhtgir is a personality trait.

او آدم مقرراتی‌ای است و حتی یک دقیقه دیر نمی‌کند.

سختگیر vs خشک

Both imply lack of flexibility.

Khoshk is more about social coldness; Sakhtgir is about standards.

رفتار او خیلی خشک و سختگیرانه است.

سختگیر vs دشوار

Synonym of 'sakht'.

Doshvar is never used for people's personalities.

مسئله دشواری بود.

سختگیر vs قاطع

Both imply firmness.

Ghate' is more positive, meaning decisive and sure.

او با لحنی قاطع پاسخ داد.

句型

[Person] + سختگیر + است.

سارا سختگیر است.

[Person] + نسبت به + [Noun] + سختگیر + است.

او نسبت به غذا سختگیر است.

[Person] + [Adverb] + سختگیرانه + [Verb].

او خیلی سختگیرانه برخورد کرد.

با وجود + [Noun] + سختگیری، + [Sentence].

با وجود سختگیری والدین، او درس نخواند.

[Abstract Noun] + نیازمند + [Noun] + سختگیرانه + است.

این تحقیق نیازمند بررسی سختگیرانه است.

[Concept] + با + سختگیری + تمام + [Verb].

قانون با سختگیری تمام اجرا شد.

اگر + [Person] + سختگیر + نبود، + [Result].

اگر معلم سختگیر نبود، من قبول نمی‌شدم.

[Person] + سختگیرترین + [Noun] + است.

او سختگیرترین فرد گروه است.

词族

名词

سختگیری (sakhtgiri) - strictness

سختی (sakhti) - difficulty/hardness

动词

سخت گرفتن (sakht gereftan) - to be strict/hard on

سخت شدن (sakht shodan) - to become hard

形容词

سخت (sakht) - hard

سختگیرانه (sakhtgirane) - strict/rigorous (adverbial/adj)

如何使用

frequency

Common in all registers.

常见错误

این امتحان خیلی سختگیر است. → این امتحان خیلی سخت است.
'Sakhtgir' is for people/authorities, not tasks.
او با من سختگیر است. → او نسبت به من سختگیر است.
'Nesbat be' is the more natural preposition for strictness.
او سختگیر صحبت کرد. → او سختگیرانه صحبت کرد.
Use the adverbial form '-ane' to describe how someone speaks or acts.
معلم سختگیرِ من... → معلمِ سختگیرِ من...
Don't forget the ezafe between the noun and the adjective.
سختگیری از قانون... → سختگیری در اجرای قانون...
In formal Persian, use 'in the execution of' or similar phrases with 'sakhtgiri'.

小贴士

People vs. Things

Always remember: Sakhtgir for people, Sakht for things. You are sakhtgir, the mountain is sakht.

Preposition Power

Use 'nesbat be' to sound like a native. 'He is strict towards punctuality' sounds better than 'He is strict with punctuality'.

The 'Strict' Compliment

In professional circles, calling someone 'sakhtgir' can be a sign of respect for their high standards.

The Antonym

Learn 'āsan-gir' at the same time. It's the perfect pair to describe any personality.

The 'T' Sound

Don't drop the 't' in 'sakht'. It's 'sakht-gir', not 'sakh-gir'.

Adverbial Suffix

Use '-ane' for laws, rules, and methods. 'Ghavanin-e sakhtgirane' is a very common news phrase.

Hard Gaze

Imagine a person with a 'hard' (sakht) 'gaze' (sounds a bit like gir) watching your every move.

Complaining

When complaining about a strict person, adding 'kheyli' (very) or 'bish az had' (too much) makes your point stronger.

Root Recognition

Recognizing 'gir' as the stem of 'gereftan' (to catch) helps you understand many other Persian words.

Context is King

Pay attention to whether the strictness is described as helpful or annoying in the stories you read.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a 'Sack' (Sakht) that is 'Gear'ed (Gir) up for a tough challenge. A Sakht-Gir person is always geared up to be tough.

视觉联想

Imagine a teacher holding a heavy iron ruler (hard/sakht) and catching (gir) every single tiny mistake on a paper.

Word Web

Teacher Parent Rules Discipline High Standards Strict No Mercy Excellence

挑战

Try to describe three people in your life: one who is sakhtgir, one who is āsan-gir (easy-going), and one who is in between.

词源

Persian compound word.

原始含义： Hard-taker.

Indo-European (Indo-Iranian).

文化背景

Be careful when calling someone 'sakhtgir' to their face; depending on the tone, it can be a compliment to their standards or a complaint about their harshness.

In the West, 'strict' can sometimes have a purely negative connotation of being 'mean.' in Persian, it often carries a connotation of 'rigor' and 'high expectations' which can be seen as positive.

The character of the strict teacher is a staple in Iranian cinema (e.g., in 'The Blackboard'). Poetry often discusses the 'sakhtgiri' of the Beloved or of Fate. Famous Iranian generals are often described as 'sakhtgir' in their discipline.

在生活中练习

真实语境

School/University

استاد سختگیر
نمره دادن سختگیرانه
حضور و غیاب سختگیرانه
امتحان سختگیرانه

Family

والدین سختگیر
تربیت سختگیرانه
قوانین خانه
ساعت منع تردد

Workplace

رئیس سختگیر
ارزیابی سختگیرانه
استانداردهای کاری
انضباط اداری

Law/Police

قوانین راهنمایی و رانندگی
مجازات سختگیرانه
بازرسی سختگیرانه
اجرای قانون

Health/Diet

رژیم غذایی سختگیرانه
تمرینات سختگیرانه
پزشک سختگیر
برنامه ورزشی

对话开场白

"آیا در دوران مدرسه معلم سختگیری داشتی؟ (Did you have a strict teacher in school?)"

"به نظر تو والدین باید سختگیر باشند یا آسان‌گیر؟ (Do you think parents should be strict or easy-going?)"

"آیا تو نسبت به خودت آدم سختگیری هستی؟ (Are you a strict person towards yourself?)"

"سختگیرترین رئیس که تا حالا داشتی کی بوده؟ (Who was the strictest boss you've ever had?)"

"فکر می‌کنی قوانین رانندگی در کشور تو به اندازه کافی سختگیرانه هست؟ (Do you think traffic laws in your country are strict enough?)"

日记主题

در مورد زمانی بنویسید که یک فرد سختگیر به شما کمک کرد تا پیشرفت کنید. (Write about a time a strict person helped you improve.)

آیا سختگیری در محیط کار همیشه خوب است؟ نظرات خود را بنویسید. (Is strictness in the workplace always good? Write your opinions.)

تفاوت بین سختگیری و ظلم چیست؟ (What is the difference between strictness and tyranny?)

اگر شما مدیر یک شرکت بودید، در چه مواردی سختگیر بودید؟ (If you were a company manager, what things would you be strict about?)

چگونه می‌توان بدون سختگیری، نظم را در کلاس درس حفظ کرد؟ (How can one maintain discipline in a classroom without being strict?)

常见问题

10 个问题

No, for an exam you should use 'sakht' or 'doshvār'. 'Sakhtgir' is only for the person who made the exam or the way it is graded.

Not necessarily. In many contexts, it implies high quality and discipline. However, if someone is 'too' strict, it can be negative.

'Sakhtgir' is an adjective for people (a strict teacher). 'Sakhtgirane' is an adverb or an adjective for things like laws or behavior (a strict law).

You can say 'Be khodat sakht nagir' (Don't take it hard on yourself).

The most common opposite is 'āsan-gir' (easy-going).

Yes, you can say 'regime-e sakhtgirane' for a strict/rigorous diet.

It's like the German 'ch' in 'Bach' or the Spanish 'j'. It's a voiceless velar fricative.

Yes, it is used in all registers, from daily slang to formal legal documents.

Yes, 'modir-e sakhtgir' is a very common phrase.

Not inherently. A person can be very kind but still strict about rules and standards.

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