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A1 verb #2,500 最常用 5分钟阅读

تمرین کردن

tamrin kardan
开始练习 例句 笔记与提示 تمرین کردن 30秒了解
解析 تمرین کردن in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'تمرین کردن' (tamrin kardan) is introduced as a basic action verb meaning 'to practice'. Learners use it in simple present and past tenses to describe daily routines. For example, 'I practice Persian' (Man Farsi tamrin mikonam). The focus is on the compound structure where 'tamrin' stays the same and 'kardan' changes. It is often paired with hobbies like music, sports, or language learning. Learners at this stage should recognize it in simple instructions like 'Tamrin konid' (Practice!). The goal is to associate the word with the concept of doing something repeatedly to learn it.
At the A2 level, learners expand their use of 'تمرین کردن' to include more specific objects and basic prepositions. They can describe how long or how often they practice (e.g., 'I practice for two hours'). They begin to use the present continuous ('Daram tamrin mikonam') to describe what they are doing right now. They also learn the noun form 'tamrin' as 'homework' or 'exercise' in a textbook. The distinction between 'tamrin kardan' (practicing a skill) and 'varzesh kardan' (general exercise) becomes important at this stage to avoid common errors.
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At the B1 level, 'تمرین کردن' is used in more complex sentence structures, including the subjunctive and perfect tenses. Learners can express necessity ('Bayad tamrin konam' - I must practice) and past experiences ('Tamrin kardeh-am' - I have practiced). They start using the word in the context of goals and intentions, such as 'I am practicing to participate in a competition'. The vocabulary surrounding the verb expands to include adverbs like 'regularly' (be surat-e monazzam) or 'hard' (sakht). They also understand the word in professional or academic contexts beyond simple hobbies.
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At the B2 level, the learner uses 'تمرین کردن' with nuance, discussing the effectiveness of different practice methods. They might use it in the context of 'deliberate practice' or 'mental rehearsal'. They are comfortable with passive constructions (though rare for this verb) and can use the word in more abstract ways, like 'practicing patience' (sabr tamrin kardan). They can distinguish between 'tamrin' (the act) and 'mumarasat' (the persistent habit). Their ability to conjugate the verb in all moods (imperative, conditional, etc.) is fluent, and they can handle complex objects.
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At the C1 level, 'تمرین کردن' is integrated into sophisticated discourse about skill acquisition, pedagogy, and performance psychology. The learner can discuss the etymology of the word and its Arabic roots. They use the word in idiomatic expressions and can switch between 'tamrin kardan' and more formal synonyms like 'mumarasat varzidan' depending on the register. They understand the nuances of 'tamrin' in legal or medical contexts (e.g., practicing a profession, though 'tebabat kardan' is more specific for medicine). They can write essays about the importance of practice in achieving 'ostadi' (mastery).
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At the C2 level, the speaker has a complete grasp of 'تمرین کردن' in all its literary, historical, and colloquial dimensions. They can appreciate the use of the root in Persian poetry or classical prose. They use the verb to discuss high-level concepts like 'praxis' or 'ascetic practice' (riyazat). The distinction between various light verbs used with 'tamrin' (e.g., tamrin dadan - to coach/train someone else) is handled with native-like precision. They can use the word to critique training systems or to provide expert advice on skill development, using a rich array of collocations and sophisticated grammar.
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开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

تمرین کردن 30秒了解

  • Core meaning: To practice or exercise a skill.
  • Structure: Compound verb (Tamrin + Kardan).
  • Usage: Education, sports, music, and habits.
  • Key distinction: Specific skill practice vs. general exercise.

The Persian compound verb تمرین کردن (tamrin kardan) is a foundational pillar of the Persian language, essential for learners at every stage of their journey. At its core, it signifies the act of repeating an activity, skill, or exercise to improve proficiency, gain mastery, or maintain a certain level of performance. Derived from the Arabic root 'm-r-n' (مرن), which relates to flexibility and training, the word 'tamrin' (تمرین) serves as the non-verbal element, while 'kardan' (کردن) acts as the light verb meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. Together, they encompass a wide spectrum of meanings ranging from simple school homework to rigorous athletic training or professional musical rehearsal.

Linguistic Root
Arabic origin (m-r-n), meaning to become habituated or flexible through repetition.
Grammar Category
Compound Verb (Light Verb Construction) - The primary meaning is carried by the noun 'tamrin'.
Semantic Range
Includes academic study, physical exercise, musical practice, and professional drills.

من هر روز برای یادگیری بهتر، فارسی تمرین می‌کنم.

Translation: I practice Persian every day for better learning.

In a broader philosophical sense, tamrin kardan represents the bridge between potential and realization. Whether you are a child practicing handwriting or an athlete preparing for the Olympics, the verb remains the same. It suggests a deliberate effort. Unlike 'varzesh kardan' (to exercise physically), 'tamrin kardan' is more specific to the goal of improvement through repetition. You can 'tamrin' a specific move in football, whereas 'varzesh' is the general act of playing the sport. This distinction is crucial for nuanced communication in Persian-speaking environments.

تیم ملی فوتبال امروز در ورزشگاه آزادی تمرین کرد.

Translation: The national football team practiced at Azadi Stadium today.
Context: Music
Used for rehearsing instruments or vocals (e.g., tamrin-e piano).
Context: Education
Used for homework or repetitive learning tasks.

او ساعت‌ها برای کنسرت تمرین کرده است.

Translation: He has practiced for hours for the concert.

Using تمرین کردن correctly requires understanding its structure as a compound verb. In Persian, compound verbs consist of a non-verbal element (noun or adjective) and a light verb. Here, 'tamrin' is the noun and 'kardan' is the light verb. When conjugating, only the 'kardan' part changes. For example, in the past tense, you say 'tamrin kardam' (I practiced), and in the present tense, 'tamrin mi-konam' (I practice). The stress usually falls on the last syllable of the non-verbal element 'tamrin'.

  • Present Continuous: دارم تمرین می‌کنم (I am practicing).
  • Future: تمرین خواهم کرد (I will practice).
  • Subjunctive: باید تمرین بکنم (I must practice).

When specifying what you are practicing, you often use the preposition 'ra' (را) if the object is definite, or simply place the object before the verb. For instance, 'piano tamrin mikonam' (I practice piano). However, it is also common to use the 'ezafe' construction with the noun form: 'tamrin-e piano' (practice of piano). If you are 'practicing to do something', you use the subjunctive: 'Tamrin mikonam ke behtar benevisam' (I practice so that I write better).

باید هر روز لغات جدید را تمرین کنی.

Translation: You must practice new vocabulary every day.

In formal writing, you might encounter 'mumarasat kardan' or 'varzidan', but 'tamrin kardan' remains the most versatile and widely used term across all registers. It is also used in the imperative form 'tamrin kon!' (practice!) to encourage students or athletes. In negative forms, the 'na-' prefix attaches to the light verb: 'tamrin ne-mikonam' (I do not practice).

You will encounter تمرین کردن in various social and professional settings in Iran and other Persian-speaking regions. In an educational setting, it is perhaps the most common verb. Teachers constantly remind students to 'tamrin konid' to master mathematics, calligraphy, or literature. In the world of sports, from the local 'zorkhaneh' to modern gyms in Tehran, coaches use this verb to describe the daily grind of athletes. If you visit a 'farhangsara' (cultural center), you will hear musicians in soundproof rooms 'tamrin' their 'setar' or 'daf'.

On Iranian television, especially during sports news, you will hear phrases like 'Tim-e melli akharin tamrin-e khod ra anjam dad' (The national team performed its last practice). In the workplace, it might be used during training sessions or 'kargah-amuzeshi' (educational workshops) where employees 'tamrin' new software or protocols. Even in casual conversation, a friend might say, 'Daram tamrin mikonam ke sigar ra tark konam' (I am practicing/trying to quit smoking), showing its use as a synonym for 'trying' or 'working on' a habit.

One of the most frequent mistakes for English speakers is confusing تمرین کردن with 'varzesh kardan'. While 'varzesh' refers to physical exercise or sports in general, 'tamrin' refers to the specific act of practicing a skill. If you say 'Man daram piano varzesh mikonam', it sounds like you are lifting the piano for exercise rather than playing it! Always use 'tamrin' for skills, instruments, and specific drills.

Another mistake involves the placement of the 'mi-' prefix. Learners often try to say 'mi-tamrin konam', which is incorrect. The 'mi-' must always be attached to the light verb 'kardan'. Similarly, in the negative, it is 'tamrin ne-mikonam', not 'ne-tamrin mikonam'. Additionally, don't confuse 'tamrin' (practice) with 'tajrobeh' (experience). You 'tamrin' to gain 'tajrobeh'. Lastly, avoid using 'tamrin kardan' when you mean 'to repeat' (tekrar kardan) in a literal sense, like repeating a word after a teacher, though 'tamrin' can involve repetition.

Several words share a semantic field with تمرین کردن. مشق کردن (Mashgh kardan) is a traditional term often used for calligraphy or school homework, though it feels slightly more old-fashioned or specific than 'tamrin'. تکرار کردن (Tekrar kardan) means 'to repeat' and is a core component of practice, but lacks the connotation of 'improvement' that 'tamrin' carries. کارآموزی (Kar-amuzi) refers to an internship or practical training in a professional context.

In more formal or literary contexts, you might see ممارست (Mumarasat), which implies persistence and long-term practice. ورزیدن (Varzidan) is another formal verb, often seen in the context of 'skill-building' (e.g., maharat varzidan). For physical training specifically, بدنسازی (Badansazi) is used for bodybuilding, while آمادگی جسمانی (Amadegi-ye jesmani) refers to physical fitness training. Understanding these nuances helps in choosing the right word for the right situation.

How Formal Is It?

难度评级

需要掌握的语法

Compound verb conjugation

Subjunctive mood with 'bayad'

Present continuous with 'dashtan'

Ezafe construction in noun phrases

Object marker 'ra'

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按水平分级的例句

1

من هر روز فارسی تمرین می‌کنم.

I practice Persian every day.

Present simple of a compound verb.

2

آیا تو پیانو تمرین می‌کنی؟

Do you practice piano?

Question form in present tense.

3

ما در مدرسه ریاضی تمرین می‌کنیم.

We practice math at school.

First person plural.

4

او دیروز فوتبال تمرین کرد.

He practiced football yesterday.

Past simple tense.

5

لطفاً این کلمات را تمرین کنید.

Please practice these words.

Imperative mood (formal/plural).

6

آن‌ها زیاد تمرین نمی‌کنند.

They don't practice much.

Negative present tense.

7

من باید بیشتر تمرین کنم.

I must practice more.

Subjunctive with 'bayad'.

8

تمرین کردن خوب است.

Practicing is good.

Gerund/Infinitive as subject.

1

من دارم برای امتحان تمرین می‌کنم.

I am practicing for the exam.

Present continuous tense.

2

او دو ساعت در روز گیتار تمرین می‌کند.

She practices guitar two hours a day.

Frequency and duration.

3

ما قبل از بازی تمرین کردیم.

We practiced before the game.

Prepositional phrase 'ghabl az'.

4

تو باید تلفظ را تمرین کنی.

You should practice pronunciation.

Subjunctive mood.

5

آن‌ها در حیاط تمرین می‌کردند.

They were practicing in the yard.

Past continuous tense.

6

من تمرین کردن را دوست دارم.

I like practicing.

Infinitive as an object.

7

کدام تمرین را باید انجام دهیم؟

Which exercise should we do?

Noun use of 'tamrin'.

8

او خیلی سخت تمرین کرد تا برنده شود.

He practiced very hard to win.

Adverbial use 'sakht'.

1

اگر بیشتر تمرین کنی، موفق می‌شوی.

If you practice more, you will succeed.

Conditional sentence Type 1.

2

من سال‌هاست که خوشنویسی تمرین می‌کنم.

I have been practicing calligraphy for years.

Present perfect continuous sense.

3

او به جای بازی کردن، تمرین کرد.

Instead of playing, he practiced.

Compound preposition 'be jay-e'.

4

تمرین کردن مداوم کلید یادگیری است.

Continuous practice is the key to learning.

Noun phrase as subject.

5

آن‌ها تمرینات نظامی سختی را پشت سر گذاشتند.

They went through difficult military exercises.

Plural noun 'tamrinat'.

6

او تمرین می‌کرد تا صدایش بهتر شود.

He used to practice so his voice would get better.

Past habitual/imperfect.

7

آیا تا به حال در گروه تمرین کرده‌ای؟

Have you ever practiced in a group?

Present perfect tense.

8

بدون تمرین نمی‌توانی پیشرفت کنی.

Without practice, you cannot progress.

Preposition 'bedun-e'.

1

او با ممارست و تمرین به این جایگاه رسید.

He reached this position through persistence and practice.

Hendiadys (mumarasat va tamrin).

2

تمرین کردن در شرایط سخت باعث تقویت روحیه می‌شود.

Practicing in difficult conditions strengthens the spirit.

Complex gerund phrase.

3

او قصد دارد تمرینات خود را فشرده‌تر کند.

He intends to make his practices more intensive.

Comparative adjective 'feshordeh-tar'.

4

به نظر می‌رسد که تیم به اندازه کافی تمرین نکرده است.

It seems that the team hasn't practiced enough.

Impersonal construction 'be nazar mi-rasad'.

5

او مهارت‌های ارتباطی خود را در محیط کار تمرین می‌کند.

She practices her communication skills in the workplace.

Abstract object 'maharat-ha'.

6

باید تمرین کنیم که در مواقع بحرانی آرام بمانیم.

We must practice staying calm in critical situations.

Subjunctive clause.

7

این تمرینات برای تقویت عضلات کمر مفید هستند.

These exercises are useful for strengthening back muscles.

Specific medical/physical context.

8

او هر شب قبل از خواب، مدیتیشن تمرین می‌کند.

He practices meditation every night before bed.

Adverbial of time.

1

تمرین آگاهانه تفاوت بین آماتور و حرفه‌ای را رقم می‌زند.

Deliberate practice marks the difference between amateur and professional.

Academic register.

2

او با تمرینات مستمر، بر ناتوانی‌های جسمی خود غلبه کرد.

With continuous practice, he overcame his physical disabilities.

Formal prepositional phrase.

3

روانشناسان بر اهمیت تمرین ذهنی در موفقیت تأکید دارند.

Psychologists emphasize the importance of mental practice in success.

Scientific/Psychological context.

4

این هنرمند دهه‌ها صرف تمرین و صیقل دادن هنر خود کرده است.

This artist has spent decades practicing and refining his art.

Metaphorical use 'seyghal dadan'.

5

تمرین کردن فضایل اخلاقی بخشی از فلسفه اوست.

Practicing moral virtues is part of his philosophy.

Philosophical abstraction.

6

او در حال تدوین برنامه‌ای جامع برای تمرینات تیم است.

He is drafting a comprehensive plan for the team's practices.

Progressive aspect with 'dar hal-e'.

7

اثربخشی این تمرینات در مطالعات اخیر به اثبات رسیده است.

The effectiveness of these exercises has been proven in recent studies.

Passive voice 'be esbat resideh ast'.

8

او همواره شاگردانش را به تمرین تفکر انتقادی وا می‌داشت.

He always urged his students to practice critical thinking.

Causative sense 'va-dashtan'.

1

تجلی نبوغ بدون ممارست و تمرینِ طاقت‌فرسا میسر نمی‌گردد.

The manifestation of genius is not possible without grueling practice and persistence.

Highly formal/literary register.

2

او در ریاضت‌های خود، تمرین سکوت را برگزیده بود.

In his ascetic practices, he had chosen the practice of silence.

Mystical/Sufi context.

3

تمرینِ مداومِ هنر، صیقل‌گرِ روح و جان آدمی است.

The constant practice of art is the polisher of the human soul and spirit.

Poetic/Metaphorical construction.

4

وی با تمرینِ فنونِ بلاغت، به سخنوری چیره‌دست بدل گشت.

By practicing the arts of rhetoric, he turned into a master orator.

Archaic/Formal vocabulary.

5

این تمریناتِ بدنی، استعاره‌ای از انضباطِ درونی اوست.

These physical exercises are a metaphor for his internal discipline.

Abstract metaphorical link.

6

او به تمرینِ عملیِ نظریاتِ پیچیده علمی می‌پردازد.

He engages in the practical exercise of complex scientific theories.

Formal verb 'pardakhtan'.

7

عدمِ تمرینِ کافی منجر به اضمحلالِ مهارت‌های اکتسابی می‌شود.

Lack of sufficient practice leads to the decay of acquired skills.

Academic/Technical terminology.

8

او در پیِ تمرینِ زیستنی آگاهانه و مبتنی بر اخلاق است.

He is in pursuit of practicing a conscious and ethics-based living.

Existential/Philosophical use.

常见搭配

تمرین سخت
تمرین مداوم
تمرین روزانه
تمرین موسیقی
تمرین ورزشی
تمرین نظامی
تمرین ذهنی
تمرین زیاد
برنامه تمرین
وقت تمرین

常用短语

تمرین کردن لازم است
باید بیشتر تمرین کنی
تمرین کردن جواب می‌دهد
وقت تمرین تمام شد
تمرین کردن را شروع کن
بدون تمرین نمی‌شود
تمرین کردن خسته‌کننده است
تمرین کردن لذت‌بخش است
تمرین کردن مداوم
تمرین کردن اصولی

容易混淆的词

تمرین کردن vs ورزش کردن (Physical exercise)

تمرین کردن vs تکرار کردن (Simple repetition)

تمرین کردن vs تجربه کردن (To experience)

习语与表达

"کار نیکو کردن از پر کردن است (Practice makes perfect)"
"تمرین، استاد می‌سازد"
"دست به تمرین داشتن"
"در تمرین سوختن"
"تمرینِ صبر کردن"
"تمرینِ زندگی کردن"
"تمرینِ خط کردن"
"تمرینِ نفس کردن"
"تمرینِ سکوت"
"تمرینِ مدارا"

容易混淆

تمرین کردن vs تمیز

تمرین کردن vs تعمیر

تمرین کردن vs تصمیم

تمرین کردن vs تغییر

تمرین کردن vs تبیین

句型

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如何使用

nuance

Use 'tamrin dadan' to mean 'to train someone else' (to coach).

formality

'Tamrin kardan' is universal; 'mumarasat' is for books.

常见错误
  • Using 'varzesh kardan' for piano practice.
  • Saying 'mi-tamrin konam' instead of 'tamrin mi-konam'.
  • Confusing 'tamrin' (practice) with 'ta'mir' (repair).
  • Omitting the 'kardan' and just using 'tamrin' as a verb.
  • Using 'tamrin' for 'repeating' a sentence after a teacher (use 'tekrar').

小贴士

Daily Routine

Add 'tamrin kardan' to your daily checklist to build a habit of using the word while you actually practice.

Light Verbs

Remember that 'kardan' is one of the most common light verbs. Mastering 'tamrin kardan' helps you understand hundreds of other verbs.

Imperatives

Use 'tamrin kon' with friends to encourage them in their hobbies.

Synonyms

Learn 'mashgh' alongside 'tamrin' to sound more like a native student.

Sports News

Watch Iranian sports news; you will hear 'tamrin' mentioned in almost every segment.

Spelling

Note the 'ye' and 'nun' at the end of 'tamrin'. It's a common ending for Arabic-derived nouns.

Songs

Listen for this word in songs about perseverance or learning.

Workshops

In a professional setting, 'tamrin-e amali' means 'practical exercise'.

Visualization

Visualize yourself practicing an instrument while saying the word.

Mumarasat

Try using 'mumarasat' in your writing to impress Persian teachers.

记住它

记忆技巧

Tamrin sounds like 'Train' - you train by practicing.

词源

文化背景

Calligraphy (khoshnevisi) requires years of 'mashgh' and 'tamrin'.

Wrestling is the national sport, and 'tamrin-e koshti' is a common phrase.

The Iranian school system emphasizes repetitive exercises (tamrinat).

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"چند ساعت در روز تمرین می‌کنی؟"

"بهترین راه برای تمرین فارسی چیست؟"

"آیا امروز تمرین فوتبال داری؟"

"کدام تمرین برای تو سخت‌تر است؟"

"کجا تمرین می‌کنی؟"

日记主题

امروز چه چیزی تمرین کردی؟

چرا تمرین کردن مهم است؟

یک برنامه تمرینی برای خودت بنویس.

احساست بعد از تمرین کردن چیست؟

چه مهارتی را دوست داری تمرین کنی؟

常见问题

10 个问题

No, it is used for any skill, including academic, musical, and mental skills. For general physical fitness, 'varzesh kardan' is more common.

You can say 'Man khayli tamrin daram' or 'Mashgh-e ziadi daram'.

Yes, 'tamrin' is a noun meaning 'practice' or 'exercise'. It becomes a verb when combined with 'kardan'.

Yes, but 'kar-amuzi' or 'amuzesh' might be more specific for job training.

The plural is 'tamrin-ha' or the Arabic-style 'tamrinat'.

The closest Persian proverb is 'Kar niku kardan az por kardan ast'.

It is better to say 'piano tamrin mikonam' (Object-Verb order).

It is used in both formal and informal Persian.

It usually refers to a national team's practice session.

Usually, 'amal kardan' (acting upon) or 'anjam dadan' is used for religious duties.

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