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B2 noun 13分钟阅读

kuvio

例句
解析 kuvio in your Level:
At the A1 level, you should learn kuvio as a simple word for a 'shape' or a basic 'pattern'. Imagine you are looking at a drawing or a piece of clothing. If you see circles, squares, or triangles, you can call them 'kuvioita'. For example, you might say 'Tämä on hieno kuvio' (This is a nice pattern/figure). At this stage, don't worry about the abstract meanings. Just focus on visual things you can point to. You might encounter it in simple math exercises when identifying shapes like 'kolmio' (triangle) or 'neliö' (square). Think of it as a basic building block for describing the world around you. You can use it to describe your favorite shirt: 'Minun paidassa on sininen kuvio' (My shirt has a blue pattern). It is a noun, and it follows the same rules as 'talo' (house). If you have many patterns, you say 'paljon kuvioita'. Keeping it simple and visual is the key at this introductory stage. You will mostly see it in the nominative case (kuvio) or the partitive case (kuviota) when you are talking about what you see.
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At the A2 level, you can start using kuvio to describe things in more detail, especially in the context of shopping and hobbies. You will learn to use it in compound words, which are very common in Finnish. For example, 'kukkakuvio' (flower pattern) or 'raitakuvio' (stripe pattern). If you are buying a present, you might say: 'Etsin sellaista kukkakuviota' (I am looking for that kind of flower pattern). You also start to see the word in textbooks as 'kuvio 1' or 'kuvio 2', meaning 'figure 1' or 'figure 2'. This helps you navigate instructions or simple articles. You should also be able to use the genitive form 'kuvion' to show possession or as an object. For example: 'Piirsin pienen kuvion paperille' (I drew a small figure on the paper). At this level, you are moving from just identifying shapes to describing the decoration of objects and following simple visual references in texts. It is a very useful word for everyday life in Finland, where design is everywhere.
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At the B1 level, you begin to explore the abstract and metaphorical uses of kuvio. You will hear Finns use it to describe situations or plans. For instance, 'uudet kuviot' (new patterns/plans) is a very common phrase when someone is starting a new job or moving to a new city. You might say: 'Hänellä on uudet kuviot elämässä' (He has new plans/circumstances in life). You also start to recognize 'kuvio' in more formal contexts, like news reports describing a 'rikoskuvio' (a crime scheme or pattern). You are expected to use the word more flexibly in different cases, such as the inessive 'kuviossa' (in the pattern/figure) or the elative 'kuviosta' (from the pattern/figure). You can also use it to describe human behavior: 'Tämä on mielenkiintoinen kuvio' (This is an interesting pattern/situation). At B1, you understand that 'kuvio' isn't just about what you see with your eyes, but also about how things are organized or how they happen over time.
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At the B2 level, which is where kuvio is most robustly used, you should be comfortable with its technical, professional, and idiomatic applications. You use 'kuvio' to describe complex diagrams in professional presentations or academic papers. You can discuss 'markkinakuviot' (market patterns) or 'toimintakuviot' (operational patterns) with ease. You understand the subtle difference between 'kuvio' (a pattern/figure) and 'kaavio' (a chart/diagram). In social situations, you can use the word idiomatically to talk about the 'lay of the land'. For example, 'Selvitetäänpä nämä kuviot ennen kuin aloitetaan' (Let's clear up these arrangements before we start). You are also aware of compound words like 'suhdekuviot', which refers to the complex and often messy dynamics of human relationships. Your grammar should be precise, correctly applying cases like the partitive plural 'kuvioita' or the illative plural 'kuvioihin'. You see 'kuvio' as a tool for analysis, helping you describe both the physical world and the structural logic of systems and events.
At the C1 level, your use of kuvio is sophisticated and nuanced. You can use it in academic writing to describe intricate sociological or psychological patterns. You might discuss the 'toistuvat kuviot historiassa' (recurring patterns in history) or 'diskursiiviset kuviot' (discursive patterns). You understand the word's role in various specialized fields, from 'kuviolomake' (a patterned form/document) in bureaucracy to 'kuvioluistelu' in sports history. You can use the word to describe the 'texture' of a situation, capturing the subtle interplay of different factors. You might use it in literary analysis to discuss the 'kuviointi' (patterning) of a poem's rhythm or imagery. Your vocabulary includes rare compounds and you can even create new ones that sound natural to native speakers. You are also sensitive to the register, knowing when 'kuvio' sounds too casual and when it provides the perfect level of descriptive precision. You can participate in deep discussions about 'valtapelien kuviot' (the schemes of power games) in politics with a high degree of fluency.
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At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of kuvio and can use it with absolute precision in any context, including high-level diplomacy, philosophy, or technical engineering. You can use it to describe the most abstract concepts, such as the 'olemuskuvio' (the pattern of essence) in a philosophical argument. You are completely comfortable with the word's idiomatic range, using phrases like 'olla mukana kuvioissa' (to be in the loop/picture) or 'sekoittaa kuviot' (to mess up the plans) with perfect timing and tone. You can write complex technical manuals where 'kuvio' is used to refer to multi-dimensional diagrams or structural motifs. You also appreciate the word's aesthetic value in high-end design and art criticism, where you might describe the 'hienovarainen kuviointi' (subtle patterning) of a masterpiece. At this level, 'kuvio' is no longer just a word; it is a versatile conceptual tool that you use to map out and communicate the structure of reality, whether it is physical, social, or intellectual.
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例句
The Finnish word kuvio is a multifaceted noun that primarily translates to 'pattern', 'figure', or 'design' in English. At its most basic level, it describes a visual arrangement of shapes, colors, or lines on a surface. However, its utility in the Finnish language extends far beyond simple aesthetics. In a geometric context, kuvio refers to a two-dimensional shape or figure, such as a triangle, square, or circle. When you move into the realm of arts and crafts, particularly the world-renowned Finnish textile industry (think Marimekko), kuvio is the standard term for the motifs and prints that adorn fabrics.
Visual Design
In interior design and fashion, 'kuvio' describes the specific ornamentation of a surface. Whether it is a floral print on a dress or a geometric tiling on a floor, this word covers all repetitive or singular decorative elements.
Beyond the physical, kuvio is frequently used metaphorically to describe abstract structures, arrangements, or situations. For instance, in social or professional contexts, one might speak of 'uudet kuviot' (new patterns/arrangements), referring to a change in life circumstances, a new job, or a fresh set of plans. This abstract usage is incredibly common in colloquial Finnish, where people use it to describe the 'lay of the land' or the 'current setup' of a project or relationship.

Tämä kangas on tunnettu sen rohkeasta kuviosta.

In sports, specifically figure skating (taidoluistelu), the word is part of the sport's very identity in Finnish, as the 'figures' skated on the ice are called kuviot. Similarly, in military or dance contexts, it refers to the formation or sequence of movements performed by a group. In mathematical and scientific literature, kuvio serves as the label for diagrams, charts, and illustrations. If you are reading a textbook and it says 'katso kuvio 1' (see figure 1), it is directing your attention to a visual aid.
Mathematical Context
In geometry, a 'tasokuvio' is a plane figure. The term is essential for students learning about area, perimeter, and spatial relations.
Furthermore, the word appears in psychological and sociological discussions to describe patterns of behavior. If a person repeatedly makes the same mistakes, a Finn might say there is a recognizable toistuva kuvio (recurring pattern) in their actions. This versatility makes it one of the most useful nouns to master at the B2 level, as it bridges the gap between concrete observation and abstract analysis.

Meidän on ymmärrettävä markkinoiden kuviot ennen investointia.

Social Dynamics
'Suhdekuviot' refers to the complex web of relationships and interactions between people, often implying a degree of complication or drama.

Hän piirsi monimutkaisen kuvion hiekkaan.

Tämä on tuttu kuvio historiassa.

Hänellä on uudet kuviot työelämässä.

Finally, in technical drawing and engineering, 'kuvio' can denote a cross-section or a specific diagrammatic representation of a component. Its role is to provide a clear, structured visual summary of information. Understanding 'kuvio' is about understanding how things are organized, whether they are lines on a page or the events of a human life.
Using kuvio correctly requires an understanding of its declension and the specific verbs it typically pairs with. As a standard noun ending in -o, it follows a very predictable pattern of case endings. The most common case you will encounter is the accusative or genitive form kuvion, often used as the object of a verb. For example, 'piirtää kuvio' (to draw a pattern) or 'suunnitella kuvio' (to design a pattern).
Transitive Verbs
Verbs like 'nähdä' (to see), 'havaita' (to observe), and 'muodostaa' (to form) are frequently used with 'kuvio'. For instance: 'Havaitsimme datassa selkeän kuvion' (We observed a clear pattern in the data).
When describing what something contains, the inessive case kuviossa is used. 'Tässä kuviossa on kolme väriä' (There are three colors in this pattern). Conversely, if you are talking about something being on the pattern, you would use the adessive kuviolla.

Verhojen kuvio on saanut inspiraationsa luonnosta.

One of the most important aspects for B2 learners is the use of 'kuvio' in compound words. Finnish is famous for its long compounds, and 'kuvio' is a prolific building block. You will see 'pallokuvio' (dot pattern), 'raitakuvio' (stripe pattern), and 'kukkakuvio' (flower pattern). In more abstract contexts, you might see 'toimintakuvio' (pattern of operation) or 'ajatuskuvio' (thought pattern). In the plural, kuviot often takes on the meaning of 'plans' or 'the current situation'. A common idiomatic sentence is 'Selvitetäänpä nämä kuviot' (Let's clear up these arrangements/plans). Here, the word acts as a collective noun for all the moving parts of a project or event.
Abstract Usage
When used abstractly, 'kuvio' often describes a sequence of events. 'Sama kuvio toistuu joka vuosi' (The same pattern repeats every year).

Hän ei halunnut sotkeutua hämäriin kuvioihin.

If you are describing a person's involvement in something, you might say they are 'mukana kuvioissa' (involved in the scene/arrangements). This is a very natural way to say someone is 'in the picture' or 'part of the group'.
Prepositional Phrases
'Kuvion mukaan' means 'according to the pattern' or 'following the diagram'. This is common in instructional manuals.

Matossa on kaunis geometrinen kuvio.

Onko sinulla jo uudet kuviot ensi vuodelle?

Tämä kuvio selittää prosessin kulun.

In summary, to use 'kuvio' effectively, you must identify whether you are speaking about a literal visual design, a geometric shape, or an abstract set of circumstances. Once the context is clear, apply the standard Finnish case endings and consider if a compound word would be more precise.
In daily Finnish life, kuvio is omnipresent, appearing in professional, academic, and casual settings alike. If you are shopping at a store like Stockmann or browsing the aisles of a home decor shop, you will constantly hear customers and staff discussing 'kankaan kuviot' (fabric patterns). Finnish design is famous for its bold, often nature-inspired patterns, and 'kuvio' is the central word in that vocabulary. You might hear someone say, 'Pidän tästä kuviosta, mutta väri on liian kirkas' (I like this pattern, but the color is too bright).
Professional Environment
In office meetings, particularly in marketing or data analysis, 'kuvio' is used to describe trends. 'Näemme tässä selvän kuvion' means 'We see a clear pattern here' regarding sales or user behavior.
In the educational system, from primary school to university, 'kuvio' is the word for any diagram or figure in a book. A teacher might say, 'Katsokaa kuviota sivulla kymmenen' (Look at the figure on page ten). Students in geometry class will spend hours calculating the properties of various 'tasokuviot' (plane figures).

Uutisten mukaan rikollisliigan kuviot ovat paljastumassa.

On the news or in crime dramas, you will often hear about 'rikoskuviot' (crime patterns/schemes). This refers to the organized way a crime was committed or the network of people involved. It implies a level of complexity and planning. Similarly, in politics, journalists might analyze 'valtapelien kuviot' (the patterns/schemes of power games), referring to the strategic moves made by politicians. In the world of sports, beyond the aforementioned figure skating, 'kuvio' is used in team sports like floorball (salibandy) or ice hockey to describe set plays or tactical formations. A coach might draw a 'kuvio' on a whiteboard to show players where they should move during a power play.
Conversational Slang
In casual speech, 'kuvio' can be almost synonymous with 'juttu' (thing) or 'homma' (job/business). 'Se on se sama vanha kuvio' (It's the same old story/pattern).

Meillä on tässä pieni kuvio meneillään.

You will also hear the word in the context of weather or nature, such as 'pilvikuviot' (cloud patterns) or the patterns formed by frost on a window ('kuurankukat' are a type of 'kuvio'). In all these contexts, the word conveys a sense of organized visual or conceptual information. Whether it's the intricate 'kuviot' of a traditional Finnish sweater or the 'kuviot' of a complex legal case, the word is essential for describing how different elements fit together to form a whole.
Digital Context
In IT and user interface design, 'kuvio' is used to describe design patterns (suunnittelukuvio). Programmers often discuss 'toistuvia kuvioita' in code architecture.

Tutkijat yrittävät tunnistaa kuvioita tähtitaivaalla.

Tämä kuvio on osa laajempaa kokonaisuutta.

Hän selitti minulle yrityksen uudet kuviot.

Understanding these varied contexts allows a learner to move beyond a dictionary definition and grasp the cultural and practical weight the word 'kuvio' carries in Finland.
For English speakers, the primary challenge with kuvio is distinguishing it from other similar Finnish words like malli, muoto, and kaava. A very common mistake is using 'kuvio' when you actually mean 'malli' (model/template). While a 'kuvio' is the pattern *on* a shirt, the 'malli' is the cut or the design of the shirt itself. If you say 'Pidän tästä mallista', you like the shape and fit. If you say 'Pidän tästä kuviosta', you like the print.
Kuvio vs. Muoto
'Muoto' means 'shape' in a general sense. While 'kuvio' can mean a geometric figure, 'muoto' is used for the three-dimensional form of an object. You wouldn't call the shape of a car a 'kuvio', but you might call the decals on it 'kuvioita'.
Another frequent error involves the word kaava (formula/pattern). In sewing, the 'pattern' you cut out of paper is a 'kaava', not a 'kuvio'. 'Kuvio' is what is printed on the fabric. In mathematics, 'kaava' is a formula (like E=mc²), while 'kuvio' is the diagram illustrating the problem. Confusing these can lead to significant misunderstandings in technical or hobbyist contexts.

Väärin: Tarvitsen mekon kuvion. Oikein: Tarvitsen mekon kaavan.

Learners also struggle with the abstract use of 'kuviot'. In English, we might say 'What's the deal?' or 'What's the plan?'. Translating these literally into Finnish often fails. Using 'kuviot' in the plural is the idiomatic way to express this, but learners often use the singular 'kuvio', which sounds unnatural in this context. 'Mikä on kuvio?' sounds like you are asking about a specific drawing, whereas 'Mitkä ovat kuviot?' asks about the situation.
Case Misuse
Learners often forget the object rules. 'Piirsin kuvio' is incorrect; it must be 'Piirsin kuvion' (I drew the pattern) because it is a completed action on a whole object.

Väärin: Tämä on hieno kuvio autosta. Oikein: Tämä on hieno malli autosta.

Väärin: Katso tätä kuviota (when showing a photograph). Oikein: Katso tätä kuvaa.

Väärin: Hänellä on uusi kuvio (meaning a new boyfriend/girlfriend). Oikein: Hänellä on uusi suhde tai 'uudet kuviot' (plural, meaning new circumstances).

Pronunciation Pitfall
Ensure you emphasize the first syllable 'KU-vio'. English speakers often try to put the stress on the second syllable, which can make it harder for Finns to recognize the word.
Finally, avoid overusing 'kuvio' for things that are better described as 'järjestelmä' (system) or 'rakenne' (structure). While 'kuvio' works for patterns, it doesn't always capture the functional essence of a complex system. Use it when the emphasis is on the visual or repetitive nature of the arrangement.
To truly enrich your Finnish vocabulary, you must understand how kuvio relates to its synonyms and near-synonyms. The most direct alternative for a visual pattern is ornamentti, but this is much more formal and usually refers to historical or architectural decoration. In the context of repetitive designs on textiles, printti is sometimes used as a loanword, but 'kuvio' remains the more standard and elegant Finnish choice.
Kuvio vs. Kaava
As mentioned, 'kaava' is a formula or a template. Use 'kaava' for logic, math, or sewing templates. Use 'kuvio' for the resulting visual pattern or a diagram.
When talking about a person's silhouette or a vague figure seen in the distance, hahmo is the correct term. 'Hahmo' implies a character or a form, whereas 'kuvio' implies a design or a geometric shape. If you see a shadow that looks like a man, it's a 'miehen hahmo', not a 'miehen kuvio'.

Hän näki tumman hahmon sumussa.

For abstract patterns in data or behavior, trendi (trend) or suuntaus (tendency) can be more precise if you are specifically talking about directionality. However, 'kuvio' is better if you are describing the structure of the behavior itself. In the context of diagrams, kaavio is a very close relative. While 'kuvio' is a general figure, 'kaavio' is specifically a chart, graph, or flowchart. If you are presenting data in a bar chart, it is a 'pylväskaavio'. If it's a general illustration, it's a 'kuvio'.
Kuvio vs. Piirros
'Piirros' is a drawing or sketch, often more artistic. 'Kuvio' is more structured, repetitive, or schematic. A child makes a 'piirros' of a cat; a scientist makes a 'kuvio' of a cell.

Tämä kaavio osoittaa lämpötilan nousun.

Another interesting comparison is with motiivi (motif). In art and literature, 'motiivi' is the recurring theme or idea. 'Kuvio' can be the visual representation of that motif. For example, a bird might be a 'motiivi' in a poem, and a bird-shaped 'kuvio' might appear on the book's cover.

Kankaan kuviointi on tehty käsin.

Hän loi uuden toimintamallin yritykselle.

Summary of Choice
Choose 'kuvio' for visual patterns, geometric shapes, diagrams, and abstract life arrangements. Choose 'kaava' for formulas/templates. Choose 'hahmo' for figures/characters. Choose 'kaavio' for charts.
By mastering these distinctions, you will sound more precise and professional in your Finnish communication.
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按水平分级的例句

1

Tämä on ympyrä.

This is a circle.

Nominative singular.

2

Katso tätä kuviota.

Look at this pattern.

Partitive singular after the verb 'katsoa'.

3

Onko tämä neliö?

Is this a square?

Simple question with nominative.

4

Paidassa on tähti.

There is a star on the shirt.

Inessive case 'paidassa'.

5

Pidän tästä väristä.

I like this color.

Elative case after 'pitää'.

6

Tässä on kaksi kuviota.

Here are two patterns/figures.

Partitive singular after a number.

7

Se on pieni kuvio.

It is a small pattern/figure.

Adjective-noun agreement.

8

Piirrä kuvio.

Draw a figure.

Imperative verb with accusative object.

1

Etsin kukkakuviota.

I am looking for a flower pattern.

Compound word in partitive.

2

Tämä kuvio on kaunis.

This pattern is beautiful.

Nominative subject.

3

Katso kuviota yksi.

Look at figure one.

Directing attention to a diagram.

4

Paidassa on raitakuvio.

The shirt has a stripe pattern.

Compound word 'raitakuvio'.

5

Hän piirsi kuvion paperille.

He drew a figure on the paper.

Accusative object 'kuvion'.

6

Onko sinulla uudet kuviot?

Do you have new plans?

Plural idiomatic use.

7

Matossa on iso kuvio.

The rug has a big pattern.

Inessive case 'matossa'.

8

Tämä kuvio toistuu.

This pattern repeats.

Verb 'toistua' (to repeat).

1

Huomasin kummallisen kuvion.

I noticed a strange pattern.

Accusative object.

2

Hänellä on uudet kuviot töissä.

She has new arrangements at work.

Plural idiomatic use.

3

Tämä kuvio selittää kaiken.

This diagram explains everything.

Abstract diagrammatic use.

4

Emme halua sotkea kuvioita.

We don't want to mess up the arrangements/plans.

Partitive plural object.

5

Sama kuvio toistuu historiassa.

The same pattern repeats in history.

Metaphorical use for events.

6

Hän on mukana näissä kuvioissa.

He is involved in these schemes/arrangements.

Inessive plural 'kuvioissa'.

7

Tutkimme tätä kuviota tarkasti.

We are studying this pattern closely.

Partitive object with continuous action.

8

Mikä on tämän illan kuvio?

What's the plan for tonight?

Colloquial use for 'plan'.

1

Selvitetäänpä nämä kuviot ensin.

Let's clear up these arrangements first.

Imperative with collective plural.

2

Markkinoiden kuviot muuttuvat.

Market patterns are changing.

Genitive plural 'markkinoiden'.

3

Hän piirsi monimutkaisen kuvion.

He drew a complex diagram/figure.

Accusative object.

4

Tämä on tuttu kuvio politiikassa.

This is a familiar pattern in politics.

Abstract sociological use.

5

Kuviointi on tehty silkkipainolla.

The patterning was done with silk screening.

Derived noun 'kuviointi'.

6

Hänellä on uudet kuviot kiikarissa.

He has new plans/prospects in sight.

Idiomatic expression 'kiikarissa'.

7

Rikoksen kuviot alkavat selvitä.

The patterns/schemes of the crime are starting to become clear.

Genitive singular 'rikoksen'.

8

Kuvio 3 osoittaa kasvun.

Figure 3 shows the growth.

Standard academic reference.

1

Analysoimme diskurssin kuvioita.

We are analyzing the patterns of the discourse.

Genitive plural 'diskurssin'.

2

Hän hallitsee vaikeat kuviot.

He masters the difficult patterns/maneuvers.

Can refer to physical or abstract mastery.

3

Tämä on osa laajempaa kuviota.

This is part of a larger pattern/scheme.

Partitive singular 'kuviota'.

4

Kuvioluistelu vaatii tarkkuutta.

Figure skating requires precision.

Specialized compound word.

5

Hän yritti sekoittaa vastustajan kuviot.

He tried to mess up the opponent's plans/tactics.

Idiomatic use for 'plans'.

6

Kuvio on esteettisesti puhdas.

The figure/pattern is aesthetically pure.

Formal aesthetic description.

7

Suhdekuviot voivat olla vaikeita.

Relationship dynamics can be difficult.

Compound word for social dynamics.

8

Hän hahmotteli uuden kuvion.

He outlined a new pattern/scheme.

Verb 'hahmotella' (to outline/sketch).

1

Tutkimme ontologisia kuvioita.

We are investigating ontological patterns.

High-level abstract use.

2

Tämä on valtapelin perinteinen kuvio.

This is a traditional pattern of the power game.

Genitive 'valtapelin'.

3

Hän purki monimutkaisen kuvion.

He deconstructed a complex pattern/scheme.

Verb 'purkaa' (to dismantle/deconstruct).

4

Kuviointi heijastaa aikakauden henkeä.

The patterning reflects the spirit of the era.

Derived noun 'kuviointi'.

5

Oletko jo sisällä näissä kuvioissa?

Are you already in the loop with these arrangements?

Highly idiomatic 'sisällä kuvioissa'.

6

Hän loi uuden toimintakuvion.

He created a new operational pattern/paradigm.

Compound 'toimintakuvio'.

7

Kuvio on matemaattisesti elegantti.

The figure is mathematically elegant.

Scientific aesthetic judgment.

8

Hän ei halunnut sotkeutua hämäriin kuvioihin.

He didn't want to get involved in shady dealings.

Illative plural with adjective.

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