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B2 verb 11分钟阅读

valmistella

例句 valmistella 30秒了解
解析 valmistella in your Level:
At the A1 level, the word 'valmistella' might be a bit complex because it's a long verb with a specific ending. However, beginners can understand it as a way to say 'getting things ready'. At this stage, you mostly use simple verbs like 'tehdä' (to do) or 'laittaa' (to put/fix). But if you want to sound more advanced, you can use 'valmistella' when talking about food. For example, 'Minä valmistelen ruokaa' (I am preparing food). It shows that you are doing the work right now. You don't need to worry about all the complex grammar yet, just remember that it's a verb you use when you are in the middle of a task. It's like 'prepping' in English. You might see it in a cookbook or on a menu. The most important thing for A1 is to recognize that the root 'valmis' means 'ready'. So 'valmistella' is the action of making something 'valmis'. It's a useful word to know if you are helping someone in the kitchen or getting ready for a small party with friends. Even at A1, using this word correctly shows you are paying attention to how Finns describe processes. Just keep it simple: 'Minä valmistelen', 'Sinä valmistelet'. Focus on the present tense and common items like food, a bag, or a room. It’s a great 'building block' word that will become much more useful as you progress to higher levels of Finnish.
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At the A2 level, you are starting to handle more everyday situations, and 'valmistella' becomes a very handy tool for describing your daily routines and work. You can use it to talk about preparing for a trip, a meeting, or a lesson. For example, 'Valmistelen matkaa' (I am preparing for a trip). Notice that the object 'matkaa' is in the partitive case because the preparation is a process that takes time. At A2, you should also start to see the difference between 'valmistella' and 'valmistaa'. 'Valmistaa' is for making something (like a factory making a car), while 'valmistella' is for the steps you take to get ready. You might say, 'Valmistelen esitystä kouluun' (I am preparing a presentation for school). This is a very common sentence for students. You are also learning about verb types, and 'valmistella' is a Type 3 verb. This means it ends in -lla, and when you conjugate it, you get 'valmistele-'. Practice saying 'Minä valmistelen', 'Hän valmistelee'. It's also a good time to learn the word 'valmistelu', which is the noun 'preparation'. You might hear someone say 'Valmistelut ovat käynnissä' (Preparations are underway). This level is all about expanding your vocabulary to describe actions more accurately, and 'valmistella' is much more specific than just saying 'tehdä' (to do). It shows that there is a plan and a process involved in what you are doing.
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At the B1 level, you are becoming an independent user of Finnish, and 'valmistella' is a word you should use frequently in professional and academic contexts. You are now expected to understand the nuance of frequentative verbs. 'Valmistella' is frequentative, meaning it emphasizes that the action is repeated or lasts for a while. This is why it's so common in work life. You don't just 'make' a report; you 'prepare' it over several days. You should be comfortable using it in different tenses: 'Valmistelin raporttia koko eilisen päivän' (I was preparing the report all day yesterday). You also start to use it in the passive voice, which is very common in Finnish news and official documents: 'Asiaa valmistellaan parhaillaan' (The matter is currently being prepared). This level also requires you to distinguish between 'valmistella' and 'valmistautua'. Remember, 'valmistella' takes an object (you prepare something), while 'valmistautua' is reflexive (you prepare yourself). For example: 'Valmistelen kokousta' (I am preparing the meeting) vs. 'Valmistaudun kokoukseen' (I am preparing myself for the meeting). Understanding this difference is a key sign of B1 proficiency. You can also start using it with more abstract objects, like 'valmistella muutosta' (to prepare for a change) or 'valmistella sopimusta' (to draft an agreement). It's a versatile verb that helps you describe complex workflows and organizational tasks clearly and naturally.
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At the B2 level, you should have a firm grasp of 'valmistella' and use it with precision in both speech and writing. This is the level where you move beyond basic meanings and start to understand the 'administrative' and 'legal' weight the word carries in Finnish culture. You will encounter it in news reports about government legislation ('Hallitus valmistelee uutta lakia') and in corporate strategy documents. You should be able to use it to describe complex, multi-stage processes. For instance, you might discuss how a project is being 'valmisteltu huolellisesti' (prepared carefully), implying that all risks and options have been considered. At B2, you should also be comfortable with the noun 'valmistelu' and its various compounds, like 'valmistelutyö' (preparatory work). You understand that in a Finnish context, 'valmistelu' is a formal stage in decision-making. If a matter is 'valmistelussa', it means it is not yet ready for a final decision but is being actively worked on by experts. You can also use the verb to describe psychological preparation, such as 'valmistella yleisöä tulevaan uutiseen' (to prepare the audience for the coming news). Your grammar should be near-perfect with this verb, correctly choosing between partitive and accusative objects to signal whether the preparation is a continuous process or a completed task. You are also expected to know synonyms like 'luonnostella' (to draft) or 'suunnitella' (to plan) and choose 'valmistella' when the focus is specifically on the practical steps of getting something ready for a specific purpose.
For C1 learners, 'valmistella' is a tool for nuanced professional and academic expression. You should be able to use it to discuss the intricacies of policy-making, strategic planning, and complex project management. At this level, you recognize that 'valmistella' often implies a consultative and thorough process, which is highly valued in Finnish society. You might use it in sentences like 'Työryhmän tehtävänä on valmistella ehdotus uuden organisaatiomallin käyttöönottamiseksi' (The task of the working group is to prepare a proposal for the implementation of a new organizational model). You are also sensitive to the register of the word; while it's common in neutral and formal Finnish, you know when to use more specific verbs like 'hahmotella' (to outline), 'kehittää' (to develop), or 'perustella' (to justify) alongside it to create a sophisticated argument. You can also handle complex grammatical structures involving 'valmistella', such as using it in participle forms: 'huolellisesti valmisteltu puhe' (a carefully prepared speech). You understand the subtle difference between 'valmistella jotakin' and 'tehdä valmisteluja' (to make preparations), and you can use both to vary your language. In discussions, you can use the verb to steer the conversation, for example, by asking about the 'valmisteluvaihe' (preparation phase) of a project. Your understanding of the word is not just linguistic but also cultural, recognizing that 'hyvin valmisteltu on puoliksi tehty' (well prepared is half done) is a guiding principle in Finnish work life.
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At the C2 level, you have mastered 'valmistella' to the point where it is a natural part of your sophisticated vocabulary. You use it effortlessly in high-level academic writing, legal drafting, or nuanced literary analysis. You understand the historical and etymological roots of the word family and how 'valmistella' functions within the broader system of Finnish frequentative verbs to convey a sense of meticulous, ongoing effort. You can use it to describe the most abstract processes, such as 'valmistella maaperää uusille aatteille' (to prepare the ground for new ideologies) or 'valmistella henkisesti tulevaa koitosta' (to mentally prepare for the coming ordeal). You are also aware of the very rare instances where the choice between 'valmistella' and its base form 'valmistaa' can change the entire legal or formal implication of a text. Your usage is indistinguishable from a native speaker's, and you can even play with the word in creative writing or rhetoric. You might use it in a passive-aggressive or ironic way in a professional context to suggest that something is being 'prepared' forever without ever reaching a conclusion. You are also fully conversant with all its derivatives and can use them to build complex, multi-clause sentences that are grammatically perfect and stylistically elegant. At this level, 'valmistella' is not just a verb; it's a reflection of your deep understanding of the Finnish mindset, which prioritizes order, planning, and the steady, deliberate process of bringing an idea to fruition.
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例句

valmistella 30秒了解

  • Valmistella means 'to prepare' or 'to draft', focusing on the ongoing process of getting something ready.
  • It is a Type 3 verb with the stem 'valmistele-', often taking an object in the partitive case.
  • Commonly used in professional, academic, and political contexts for drafting laws, reports, or plans.
  • Distinct from 'valmistaa' (to manufacture/finish) and 'valmistautua' (to prepare oneself).

The Finnish verb valmistella is a cornerstone of Finnish linguistic expression when it comes to the process of getting something ready. At its core, it translates to 'to prepare', 'to draft', or 'to make preparations for'. However, in the rich landscape of Finnish grammar, it carries a specific frequentative or process-oriented nuance that distinguishes it from its close relative, valmistaa. While valmistaa often implies making something from start to finish or manufacturing a concrete object, valmistella focuses on the preparatory stages—the thinking, the drafting, the organizing, and the preliminary steps taken before the final action occurs.

Semantic Nuance
It emphasizes the ongoing nature of preparation. If you are 'valmistella'-ing a speech, you are in the phase of researching, outlining, and drafting, rather than the final delivery or the physical printing of the notes.

Hallitus alkoi valmistella uutta lakiesitystä heti vaalien jälkeen.

In everyday life, you will encounter this word in professional, academic, and domestic contexts. A teacher might be preparing a lesson plan (valmistella oppituntia), a chef might be prepping ingredients (valmistella aineksia), or a diplomat might be drafting a treaty (valmistella sopimusta). The beauty of this verb lies in its flexibility; it covers both the physical preparation of items and the mental preparation of ideas. It is particularly common in administrative Finnish, where 'valmistelu' (the noun form) refers to the official preparation of matters for decision-making. This is a crucial distinction in Finnish governance: the 'valmistelija' is the person who researches and writes the proposal, whereas the 'päättäjä' is the one who votes on it.

Grammatical Context
Because it is a process verb, the object is very frequently in the partitive case, emphasizing that the preparation is ongoing or incomplete.

Meidän täytyy valmistella tätä projektia huolellisesti.

Furthermore, the word is used when preparing oneself or others for a future event, especially one that might be difficult or significant. For instance, a doctor might 'valmistella' a patient for surgery, or a parent might 'valmistella' a child for the start of school. In these instances, it carries a sense of emotional or psychological bracing. This versatility makes it one of the most useful verbs for B2 level learners to master, as it allows for more precise descriptions of work and planning processes than the simpler A1-level verbs like 'tehdä' (to do/make).

Register
While usable in spoken Finnish, it sounds slightly more formal and structured than synonyms like 'laittaa' (to put/fix/prepare food). It is the standard choice for professional writing.

Oletko jo ehtinyt valmistella esityksesi?

Using valmistella correctly requires an understanding of Finnish verb types and case government. As a Type 3 verb ending in -lla, it undergoes consonant gradation where the 'st' remains stable, but the internal structure of the word changes during conjugation. For example: minä valmistelen (I prepare), hän valmistelee (he/she prepares). The most critical aspect of using this verb is the relationship with its object. Because preparation is usually seen as a continuous process, the object is typically in the partitive case.

The Partitive Rule
When the action of preparing is ongoing, use the partitive: 'Valmistelen kokousta' (I am preparing the meeting). Using the accusative 'Valmistelen kokouksen' is rarer and implies the preparation itself is a completed unit of work.

Hän valmistelee parhaillaan vastaustaan sähköpostiin.

Another common structure involves the illative case (-an/-en/-iin) or the 'varten' postposition to indicate what the preparation is for. For example, 'valmistautua kokeeseen' (to prepare oneself for an exam) uses a different but related reflexive verb, but 'valmistella jotakin jotakin varten' (to prepare something for something) is very common. You might prepare a room for a guest: Valmistellaan huone vierasta varten. This allows you to specify both the thing being worked on and the ultimate purpose.

Passive Usage
In formal reports, the passive form 'valmistellaan' is ubiquitous. 'Asiaa valmistellaan' means 'the matter is being prepared/under consideration'.

Uutta budjettia valmistellaan valtiovarainministeriössä.

When dealing with food, valmistella is used for 'prepping'—chopping, marinating, or planning the menu. If you say 'valmistelen illallista', you are likely in the kitchen with a knife and a cutting board. If you were to say 'valmistan illallisen', you are focusing on the fact that you will make the whole meal happen. This distinction is subtle but helps you sound more like a native speaker who understands the 'flow' of Finnish actions. Additionally, the verb can take an infinitive in certain constructions, though it is primarily followed by a noun object.

Negative Forms
In the negative, the final 'e' of the stem remains: 'En valmistele' (I am not preparing).

Älä valmistele asioita liian kiireessä.

Finally, consider the time aspect. Because valmistella is frequentative, it pairs well with adverbs of duration or manner, such as 'huolellisesti' (carefully), 'pitkään' (for a long time), or 'yhdessä' (together). These combinations emphasize that the preparation is a deliberate, often collaborative, effort that takes up a significant portion of the workflow.

If you tune into Finnish news, particularly political or economic segments, you will hear valmistella constantly. The Finnish government operates on a principle of thorough preparation before any legislation is presented to the Parliament (Eduskunta). Journalists will report on how ministers are 'valmistelemassa' (in the process of preparing) a new reform. This gives the word a slightly professional and authoritative aura. In a corporate environment, during a 'palaveri' (meeting), a project manager might ask, 'Kuka valmistelee esityslistan?' (Who is preparing the agenda?).

Professional Contexts
In offices, it refers to drafting documents, preparing presentations, or setting up logistics for events. It implies a level of professional responsibility.

Tiimi valmistelee raporttia ensi viikon johtoryhmän kokoukseen.

In the educational system, teachers use this word when discussing their curriculum planning. A teacher doesn't just 'make' a lesson; they 'prepare' it, which involves pedagogical consideration. Students, too, are often told to 'valmistella' their homework or a presentation, suggesting that they should put thought and effort into the draft stages. You might also hear it in the kitchen of a restaurant. While the final cooking might be 'kokata' or 'valmistaa', the 'mise en place'—the meticulous preparation of ingredients—is often described as 'ainesten valmistelu'.

Social and Family Life
When planning a big party, like a 'lakkiaiset' (graduation party) or a wedding, the months of planning are referred to as 'valmistelu'.

Olemme jo kuukausia valmistelleet tätä juhlaa.

Another interesting place to hear this word is in sports. Coaches 'valmistelevat' the team for a match. This isn't just physical training (treenata), but the strategic preparation—studying the opponent, deciding on the starting lineup, and mental coaching. In all these contexts, the word signals that the activity is not accidental; it is the result of a deliberate, structured process. For a learner, using valmistella instead of a more generic verb immediately signals a higher level of fluency and a better grasp of Finnish work culture and social norms.

Media Usage
Headlines like 'EU valmistelee uusia pakotteita' (EU is preparing new sanctions) are common in Finnish newspapers like Helsingin Sanomat.

Lehti valmistelee laajaa artikkelia aiheesta.

One of the most frequent errors English speakers make is confusing valmistella with valmistaa. While both mean 'to prepare', the choice between them changes the meaning of the sentence. If you say 'Valmistelen kakun', you are saying you are in the process of prepping the cake (getting the flour out, greasing the pan). If you say 'Valmistan kakun', you are saying you are making/baking the cake. Using 'valmistella' for a completed, manufactured product can sound slightly off, as if you are perpetually stuck in the planning phase and never actually finish the object.

Valmistella vs. Valmistaa
Valmistella = Process-oriented, drafting, prepping. Valmistaa = Result-oriented, manufacturing, final production.

Väärin: Valmistelen tämän auton tehtaassa. (Should be: Valmistan - manufacturing).

Another common pitfall is the confusion with the reflexive verb valmistautua. This verb means 'to prepare oneself'. A learner might say 'Valmistelen kokeeseen', which sounds like they are drafting the exam questions for the students. If they mean they are studying for the exam themselves, they must use 'Valmistaudun kokeeseen'. This distinction between 'preparing something' (transitive) and 'preparing oneself' (reflexive) is a major hurdle for B-level students. Remember: if you are the one getting ready, use valmistautua.

Case Errors
Using the wrong case for the object. 'Valmistelen suunnitelman' (accusative) is not 'wrong', but 'Valmistelen suunnitelmaa' (partitive) is almost always more natural because preparation is a process.

Oikein: Alan valmistella ruokaa. (Partitive object for process).

Lastly, learners often forget the stem change in the plural. They might say 'me valmistelemme' (which is correct) but struggle with the 'lla' ending in the infinitive. It is a Type 3 verb, so the infinitive is 'valmistella', but the stem is 'valmistele-'. Don't forget that extra 'e'! Also, avoid overusing it for simple tasks. If you are just making a quick sandwich, 'tehdä voileipä' is better. 'Valmistella voileipää' sounds like you are writing a thesis on how to layer the cheese and ham.

Summary of Confusion
1. Valmistella (to prep things) vs. Valmistautua (to prep oneself). 2. Valmistella (process) vs. Valmistaa (result/manufacture). 3. Valmistella (to prep) vs. Valmistua (to graduate/be finished).

Varoitus: Älä sekoita sanaan valmistua (to graduate). 'Valmistelen koulusta' is nonsensical.

To truly master valmistella, you should understand how it sits within a family of related verbs. Finnish has a very logical system of word formation, and 'valmistella' is part of a cluster based on the adjective valmis (ready). Depending on the context, you might want to use a more specific or a more general word to express preparation. Here we compare it to its most common alternatives to help you choose the right word for the right situation.

Valmistaa vs Valmistella
'Valmistaa' is used for producing, manufacturing, or making something concrete (e.g., manufacturing a car, making a meal). 'Valmistella' is for the preliminary work, drafting, or the 'getting ready' phase (e.g., drafting a plan, prepping ingredients).

Tehdas valmistaa koneita, mutta insinöörit valmistelevat piirustuksia.

Another synonym is suunnitella (to plan/design). While 'valmistella' implies doing the work to get something ready, 'suunnitella' is more about the mental or creative design phase. You might 'suunnitella' a house (draw the blueprints) and then 'valmistella' the construction site (clear the land, get the permits). In a business context, luonnostella (to sketch/draft) is a more specific version of 'valmistella' used specifically for writing documents or drawing initial designs. It is more limited in scope than the broader 'valmistella'.

Valmistautua
This is the reflexive form. Use this when you are the one getting ready for an event. 'Valmistaudun tenttiin' (I'm preparing for the exam).

Meidän täytyy valmistautua talveen.

Lastly, consider järjestellä (to arrange/organize). If your preparation is mostly about moving physical objects around or organizing a schedule, 'järjestellä' might be more descriptive. For example, 'järjestellä huonekaluja' (to arrange furniture). However, if that arrangement is specifically for a purpose (like preparing for a party), then 'valmistella' becomes appropriate again. Understanding these nuances allows you to express your intentions with the precision that Finnish speakers appreciate, moving beyond basic communication into the realm of nuanced, professional language.

Quick Comparison
  • Valmistaa: To make/manufacture.
  • Valmistella: To prep/draft.
  • Valmistautua: To get oneself ready.
  • Suunnitella: To plan/design.

Kokki valmisteli raaka-aineet ennen kuin hän valmisti annoksen.

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按水平分级的例句

1

Minä valmistelen ruokaa.

I am preparing food.

Present tense, 1st person singular.

2

Valmistelen kassin.

I am preparing the bag.

Object 'kassin' is in the genitive/accusative case here, implying a specific bag.

3

Hän valmistelee huonetta.

He/she is preparing the room.

Partitive object 'huonetta' suggests ongoing action.

4

Valmisteletko sinä aamiaista?

Are you preparing breakfast?

Question form with -ko suffix.

5

Me valmistelemme juhlaa.

We are preparing a party.

1st person plural.

6

Äiti valmistelee kahvia.

Mother is preparing coffee.

3rd person singular.

7

He valmistelevat pöytää.

They are preparing the table.

3rd person plural.

8

En valmistele ruokaa vielä.

I am not preparing food yet.

Negative present tense.

1

Valmistelen matkaa Suomeen.

I am preparing for a trip to Finland.

Partitive object 'matkaa'.

2

Opettaja valmistelee uutta tuntia.

The teacher is preparing a new lesson.

Noun + adjective object in partitive.

3

Oletko jo valmistellut läksyt?

Have you already prepared the homework?

Perfect tense (past participle).

4

Meidän täytyy valmistella tämä esitys.

We must prepare this presentation.

Necessive structure with 'täytyy'.

5

Hän valmistelee vastausta kirjeeseen.

He is preparing a reply to the letter.

Illative case 'kirjeeseen' (to the letter).

6

Valmistelen salaattia illalliseksi.

I am preparing a salad for dinner.

Translative case 'illalliseksi' showing purpose.

7

He valmistelevat huonetta vieraita varten.

They are preparing the room for guests.

Postposition 'varten' (for).

8

En ehtinyt valmistella kaikkea.

I didn't have time to prepare everything.

Negative past tense with 'ehtiä' (to have time).

1

Tiimi valmistelee raporttia kokousta varten.

The team is preparing a report for the meeting.

Professional context, partitive object.

2

Hallitus valmistelee uutta lakiehdotusta.

The government is preparing a new law proposal.

Political/Administrative context.

3

On tärkeää valmistella asiat huolellisesti.

It is important to prepare matters carefully.

Infinitive as subject complement.

4

Hän on valmistellut tätä projektia pitkään.

She has been preparing this project for a long time.

Perfect tense with adverb of duration.

5

Valmistelen parhaillaan puhettani.

I am currently preparing my speech.

Adverb 'parhaillaan' (currently).

6

Meidän pitäisi valmistella varasuunnitelma.

We should prepare a backup plan.

Conditional 'pitäisi' (should).

7

Asiaa valmistellaan ministeriössä.

The matter is being prepared in the ministry.

Passive voice.

8

He valmistelivat sopimuksen luonnosta.

They prepared the draft of the contract.

Past tense, genitive/partitive combination.

1

Lääkäri valmisteli potilasta leikkaukseen.

The doctor prepared the patient for the surgery.

Illative case 'leikkaukseen' (for/into surgery).

2

Asiantuntijat valmistelevat lausuntoa ympäristövaikutuksista.

Experts are preparing a statement on environmental impacts.

Elative case 'vaikutuksista' (about/on impacts).

3

Oletko valmistellut aineiston valmiiksi?

Have you prepared the material ready?

Resultative adverb 'valmiiksi'.

4

Kaupunki valmistelee uutta kaavasuunnitelmaa.

The city is preparing a new zoning plan.

Specific administrative vocabulary.

5

Valmistelimme kampanjaa useita kuukausia.

We prepared the campaign for several months.

Past tense with duration.

6

Onko esityslista jo valmisteltu?

Has the agenda already been prepared?

Passive perfect tense.

7

Hän valmistelee itseään vaativaan tehtävään.

He is preparing himself for a demanding task.

Reflexive use of 'itseään'.

8

Valmistelen juuri muistiinpanoja huomista varten.

I am just preparing notes for tomorrow.

Adverb 'juuri' (just/right now).

1

Työryhmä valmistelee parhaillaan mietintöä uudistuksen vaikutuksista.

The working group is currently preparing a report on the effects of the reform.

High-level administrative Finnish.

2

On välttämätöntä valmistella maaperää muutokselle.

It is essential to prepare the ground for change.

Metaphorical usage.

3

Huolellisesti valmisteltu puhe teki vaikutuksen yleisöön.

The carefully prepared speech impressed the audience.

Past passive participle as an adjective.

4

Valmistelivatko he riittävästi tätä päätöstä?

Did they prepare this decision sufficiently?

Question form in past tense.

5

Olemme valmistelleet tätä siirtoa jo pitkään.

We have been preparing this move for a long time already.

Perfect tense, business/strategy context.

6

Lakia valmistellaan virkamiestyönä.

The law is being prepared as civil service work.

Essive case 'työnä' showing the capacity.

7

Hän valmistelee väitöskirjaansa Oulun yliopistossa.

She is preparing her doctoral thesis at the University of Oulu.

Academic context.

8

Valmistelen parhaillaan vastausta saatuun kritiikkiin.

I am currently preparing a response to the criticism received.

Illative case 'kritiikkiin'.

1

Teos valmistelee lukijaa vähitellen sen shokeeraavaan loppuratkaisuun.

The work gradually prepares the reader for its shocking ending.

Literary analysis context.

2

Diplomaatit valmistelevat kulisseissa uutta rauhansopimusta.

Diplomats are preparing a new peace treaty behind the scenes.

Idiomatic 'kulisseissa' (behind the scenes).

3

On ensiarvoisen tärkeää valmistella organisaatio tuleviin haasteisiin.

It is of paramount importance to prepare the organization for future challenges.

Compound adjective 'ensiarvoisen'.

4

Hän valmistelee huolella jokaista lausettaan.

He prepares each of his sentences with care.

Focus on meticulousness.

5

Valmisteltaessa uutta strategiaa on kuultava kaikkia osapuolia.

When preparing a new strategy, all parties must be heard.

Temporal construction (2nd infinitive inessive).

6

Päätöstä on valmisteltu perusteellisesti eri valiokunnissa.

The decision has been prepared thoroughly in various committees.

Passive perfect tense with adverbs.

7

Hän valmistelee henkistä irtautumistaan nykyisestä työstään.

She is preparing her mental detachment from her current job.

Abstract/Psychological context.

8

Valmistelimme iskua vihollisen selustaan.

We were preparing a strike at the enemy's rear.

Military/Strategic context.

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