धृष्टता 30秒了解
- Dhṛṣṭatā is a formal Hindi noun meaning 'audacity' or 'impudence.'
- It is a feminine noun and usually carries a negative connotation of disrespect.
- It is commonly used in literature, news, and formal social confrontations.
- Synonyms include 'Gustakhi' and 'Dhithai,' while 'Vinamrata' is its opposite.
The Hindi word धृष्टता (Dhṛṣṭatā) is a sophisticated noun that translates to 'audacity,' 'impudence,' or 'boldness.' However, unlike the English word 'boldness,' which can often carry a positive connotation of courage, धृष्टता almost exclusively leans toward the negative. It describes a type of boldness that is perceived as disrespectful, intrusive, or socially inappropriate. It is the act of overstepping one's boundaries or showing a lack of proper modesty and respect towards elders, superiors, or established social norms. When you use this word, you are often pointing out a breach of etiquette or a shocking display of nerve.
- Social Context
- In traditional Indian society, where 'Lihaz' (respectful restraint) is highly valued, any act that ignores hierarchy is labeled as Dhṛṣṭatā. It is used in formal literature, historical dramas, and serious debates to criticize someone's 'cheekiness' or 'gall.'
- Nuance of Disrespect
- It is not just about being brave; it is about being 'brazen.' It implies that the person acting should have known better but chose to be arrogant or insolent anyway.
"क्षमा करें, पर आपकी यह धृष्टता असहनीय है।" (Forgive me, but this audacity of yours is unbearable.)
The word originates from the Sanskrit root 'Dhṛṣ' (धृष्), which means to dare or to be bold. When the suffix '-tā' is added, it transforms into an abstract noun representing the quality of being 'Dhrisht' (impudent). In modern Hindi, while you might hear 'badtamizi' (rudeness) in casual street slang, धृष्टता remains the preferred choice for formal writing, news broadcasting, and high-register conversations. It carries a weight of moral judgment that simpler words lack.
"उसने राजा के सामने सिर न झुकाकर अपनी धृष्टता का परिचय दिया।" (By not bowing before the king, he introduced his audacity.)
- Literary Depth
- In Hindi poetry and prose, this word is often paired with 'kshama' (forgiveness). A speaker might start a bold statement by saying 'Dhṛṣṭatā kshama ho' (May my audacity be forgiven), which is a polite way of saying 'Excuse me for being so blunt.'
Using धृष्टता correctly requires understanding its grammatical role as a feminine noun. Because it ends in 'ā', it follows the standard feminine noun patterns in Hindi. When you use it as the subject or object of a sentence, the verbs and adjectives around it must agree with its feminine gender. For example, you would say 'Badi dhṛṣṭatā' (Great audacity) rather than 'Bada dhṛṣṭatā'.
- The Verb 'Karna' (To Do)
- Most commonly, people 'do' audacity. The phrase 'धृष्टता करना' (Dhṛṣṭatā karnā) is the standard way to describe the act of being impudent. Example: 'उसने मुझसे ऐसे सवाल पूछने की धृष्टता कैसे की?' (How did he have the audacity to ask me such questions?)
- The Verb 'Dikhaana' (To Show)
- Another common usage is 'धृष्टता दिखाना' (Dhṛṣṭatā dikhānā), meaning to display impudence. This is used when the audacity is visible in someone's body language or attitude. Example: 'नौकर ने मालिक को धृष्टता दिखाई।' (The servant showed audacity to the master.)
"मेरी धृष्टता के लिए मुझे क्षमा करें, पर आप गलत हैं।" (Forgive me for my audacity, but you are wrong.)
In formal letters or speeches, धृष्टता is often used in a self-deprecating way to soften a harsh truth. By labeling your own upcoming statement as 'audacity,' you are signaling to the listener that you are aware of the social hierarchy and are intentionally choosing to bypass it for a specific reason. This is a classic 'politeness strategy' in high-level Hindi communication.
"तुम्हारी इतनी धृष्टता कि तुम मेरे काम में दखल दो?" (You have so much audacity that you interfere in my work?)
Finally, notice how it often appears in the structure '[X] ki dhṛṣṭatā' (The audacity of [X]). This is the most common way to attribute this quality to someone. Whether it's the audacity of a criminal, the audacity of a student, or the audacity of an opponent, this 'ki' (of) connector is essential for natural-sounding Hindi.
You will not likely hear धृष्टता at a vegetable market or while hanging out with friends at a cafe. It is a word of 'shuddh' (pure) Hindi and high culture. Its natural habitats are diverse but specific. One major area is Historical and Mythological Television Dramas. In shows like 'Mahabharat' or 'Ramayan,' or dramas about the Mughal era, characters frequently accuse each other of 'Dhṛṣṭatā' when someone speaks out of turn in court.
- News and Politics
- Hindi news anchors use this word when reporting on international relations or political scandals. For instance, if a foreign nation violates a border, the anchor might describe it as a 'Dhṛṣṭatā' against the country's sovereignty. It adds a layer of formal indignation to the reporting.
- Courts and Legal Proceedings
- While English is dominant in higher Indian courts, in lower courts or in Hindi legal documents, an act of contempt might be characterized using this term. It implies a willful disregard for the law's majesty.
"विपक्ष ने सरकार की नीतियों पर सवाल उठाकर धृष्टता की है—ऐसा सत्ता पक्ष का कहना है।" (The opposition has shown audacity by questioning the government's policies—so says the ruling party.)
Literature is another bastion for this word. If you read the works of Premchand or modern Hindi novelists, धृष्टता is used to describe the tension between social classes. A poor character standing up to a wealthy landlord is often described through the lens of 'Dhṛṣṭatā' from the landlord's perspective, highlighting the power dynamics at play. It is a word that carries the history of Indian social hierarchy within its three syllables.
Because धृष्टता is a high-level word, learners often make mistakes regarding its register, gender, and pronunciation. The most common error is using it in a casual setting where it feels out of place. If you tell a friend 'Tumne dhṛṣṭatā ki' (You showed audacity) because they ate your fries, it will sound like you are performing in a 19th-century play. In that case, 'badtamizi' or 'sharaarat' is better.
- Pronunciation Pitfalls
- The first letter 'धृ' (Dhṛ) is tricky. It is the 'Dh' sound combined with the vocalic 'ṛ' (like the 'ri' in 'rhythm' but shorter). Many learners mispronounce it as 'Drishtata' or 'Dhrushtata.' The correct sound is a soft, flicking 'ri' sound after the aspirated 'Dh'.
- Confusing with 'Saahas'
- Learners often think 'Dhṛṣṭatā' and 'Saahas' (Courage) are synonyms. They are not. 'Saahas' is a virtue; 'Dhṛṣṭatā' is usually a vice. You praise someone for their 'Saahas,' but you condemn them for their 'Dhṛṣṭatā.'
❌ उसने अपनी धृष्टता से शेर को मार डाला। (He killed the lion with his audacity.)
✅ उसने अपने साहस से शेर को मार डाला। (He killed the lion with his courage.)
Another mistake is the spelling. The 'sh' sound in the middle is the cerebral 'ष' (ṣa), not the dental 'स' (sa) or palatal 'श' (sha). Writing it as 'धृस्तता' is a common spelling error among native speakers as well, but in formal exams, it is marked wrong. Precision in both script and speech is vital for this particular word.
Hindi is rich with words for 'boldness' and 'rudeness,' each with its own flavor. Understanding the alternatives to धृष्टता will help you choose the right word for the right situation. While धृष्टता is formal and Sanskrit-based, there are Urdu-origin and colloquial alternatives that might be more appropriate in daily life.
- गुस्ताखी (Gustākhi)
- This is the Urdu equivalent. It is extremely common in poetry and Bollywood songs. It has a slightly more romantic or poetic feel than the clinical 'Dhṛṣṭatā.' Example: 'Gustākhi Maaf' (Forgive my impertinence).
- ढिठाई (Ḍhiṭhāī)
- This word implies stubbornness along with boldness. It's often used for children or people who repeatedly do something they are told not to do. It feels more 'earthy' and less 'courtly' than Dhṛṣṭatā.
- प्रगल्भता (Pragalbhatā)
- This is an even higher-level Sanskrit word. It refers to 'maturity' or 'boldness in speech.' Unlike Dhṛṣṭatā, it can sometimes be positive, referring to a speaker who is very confident and eloquent.
Word Nuance Best For धृष्टता Formal Audacity Books, News गुस्ताखी Poetic Impertinence Songs, Movies बदतमीजी Pure Rudeness Daily Slang
In summary, धृष्टता is your 'power word' for calling out significant arrogance in a dignified manner. By learning its synonyms, you can navigate the complex social landscape of India, where the way you describe an offense is often as important as the offense itself.
How Formal Is It?
趣味小知识
The root 'Dhṛṣ' is cognate with the English word 'dare.' They share the same Proto-Indo-European ancestor (*dhers-).
发音指南
- Pronouncing 'Dhṛ' as 'Dri' (missing the aspiration).
- Pronouncing 'ṣ' as 's' (dental instead of retroflex).
- Pronouncing 'tā' as 'ta' (short vowel instead of long).
- Mistaking the word for 'Drishtata' (vision-related).
- Skipping the 'h' in 'Dh'.
难度评级
Requires knowledge of the 'ṛ' vowel and 'ṣ' consonant.
The conjunct 'ष्ट' (ṣṭa) and the vowel 'ृ' (ṛ) are difficult to write.
Aspiration and retroflex sounds need practice.
Can be confused with 'Drishti' (vision) if not heard clearly.
接下来学什么
前置知识
接下来学习
高级
需要掌握的语法
Feminine Noun Agreement
Badi (F) dhṛṣṭatā (F).
Abstract Noun Suffix '-tā'
Dhrisht (Adj) + tā = Dhṛṣṭatā (Noun).
Possessive 'ki'
Ram ki dhṛṣṭatā.
Oblique Case with Postpositions
Dhṛṣṭatā ke karan (no change because it ends in 'ā' feminine).
Compound Verbs
Dhṛṣṭatā kar baithna (to end up acting audaciously).
按水平分级的例句
यह उसकी धृष्टता है।
This is his audacity.
Simple 'is' sentence with feminine noun.
धृष्टता मत करो।
Do not show audacity.
Imperative sentence with 'mat' (don't).
वह धृष्टता करता है।
He acts audaciously.
Present simple tense.
बड़ी धृष्टता!
Great audacity!
Exclamatory phrase using feminine adjective 'badi'.
उसकी धृष्टता देखो।
Look at his audacity.
Imperative 'dekho' (look).
यह धृष्टता अच्छी नहीं है।
This audacity is not good.
Negative sentence with feminine adjective 'acchi'.
राम धृष्टता नहीं करता।
Ram does not act audaciously.
Negative present simple.
क्या यह धृष्टता है?
Is this audacity?
Interrogative sentence.
उसने मुझसे सच छुपाने की धृष्टता की।
He had the audacity to hide the truth from me.
Past tense 'ki' agreeing with feminine noun.
इतनी धृष्टता कहाँ से आई?
Where did so much audacity come from?
Wh-question with 'itni' (so much).
तुम्हारी धृष्टता सबको पता है।
Everyone knows your audacity.
Subject-verb agreement.
धृष्टता करना गलत बात है।
Showing audacity is a bad thing.
Infinitive as a subject.
मैंने उसकी धृष्टता देखी।
I saw his audacity.
Transitive verb in past tense.
वह अपनी धृष्टता के लिए प्रसिद्ध है।
He is famous for his audacity.
Use of postposition 'ke liye'.
क्या तुम धृष्टता कर रहे हो?
Are you being audacious?
Present continuous tense.
उसकी धृष्टता ने मुझे चौंका दिया।
His audacity shocked me.
Compound verb 'chaunka diya'.
मेरी धृष्टता को क्षमा करें, पर आप गलत कह रहे हैं।
Forgive my audacity, but you are saying it wrong.
Formal apology structure.
उस छोटे से लड़के की धृष्टता तो देखो!
Just look at the audacity of that little boy!
Emphasis using 'to'.
बिना अनुमति के अंदर आना धृष्टता है।
Coming inside without permission is audacity.
Gerundial phrase as subject.
उसने अपने गुरु से बहस करने की धृष्टता की।
He had the audacity to argue with his teacher.
Complex object with 'ki'.
समाज ऐसी धृष्टता को स्वीकार नहीं करता।
Society does not accept such audacity.
Abstract subject 'samaj'.
उसकी धृष्टता की कोई सीमा नहीं है।
There is no limit to his audacity.
Possessive 'ki' and 'koi' (any).
क्या आपको उसकी धृष्टता पर गुस्सा नहीं आया?
Did you not get angry at his audacity?
Interrogative with postposition 'par'.
यह उसकी धृष्टता ही थी जिसने उसे मुसीबत में डाला।
It was his audacity alone that got him into trouble.
Relative clause with 'jisne'.
न्यायालय में इस प्रकार की धृष्टता दंडनीय है।
This kind of audacity is punishable in court.
Formal vocabulary like 'nyayalaya' and 'dandaniya'.
उसने अपनी धृष्टता से पूरे परिवार का नाम खराब कर दिया।
He ruined the whole family's name with his audacity.
Instrumental 'se' (with/by).
यह केवल आत्मविश्वास नहीं, बल्कि धृष्टता है।
This is not just self-confidence, but audacity.
Contrastive 'nahi, balki' (not, but).
उसकी धृष्टता ने शांति वार्ता को विफल कर दिया।
His audacity made the peace talks fail.
Causal relationship.
इतनी बड़ी धृष्टता के बाद वह माफी की उम्मीद कैसे कर सकता है?
After such great audacity, how can he expect forgiveness?
Rhetorical question.
लेखक ने समाज की धृष्टता पर तीखा प्रहार किया है।
The author has made a sharp attack on society's audacity.
Metaphorical usage.
अधिकारी की धृष्टता के कारण जनता में रोष है।
There is anger among the public due to the official's audacity.
Compound postposition 'ke karan'.
उसने राजा के आदेश की अवहेलना करने की धृष्टता की।
He had the audacity to defy the king's order.
Formal verb 'avahelna' (defiance).
उसकी धृष्टता की पराकाष्ठा तब दिखी जब उसने मंच पर झूठ बोला।
The height of his audacity was seen when he lied on stage.
Noun 'parakashta' (height/pinnacle).
ऐसी धृष्टता करना विनाश को निमंत्रण देना है।
To act with such audacity is to invite destruction.
Metaphorical idiom.
राजनीतिक गलियारों में उसकी धृष्टता की चर्चा आम है।
His audacity is a common topic of discussion in political circles.
Idiomatic 'charcha aam hai'.
उसकी धृष्टता ने सिद्ध कर दिया कि उसे किसी का भय नहीं।
His audacity proved that he fears no one.
Subordinate clause with 'ki'.
धृष्टता और स्वाभिमान के बीच एक महीन रेखा होती है।
There is a thin line between audacity and self-respect.
Comparative structure.
उसकी धृष्टता का उत्तर मौन से देना ही उचित था।
It was appropriate to answer his audacity with silence.
Infinitive phrase.
इतिहास गवाह है कि धृष्टता का अंत हमेशा बुरा होता है।
History is witness that the end of audacity is always bad.
Proverbial style.
उसकी बातों में धृष्टता की गूँज सुनाई देती थी।
An echo of audacity could be heard in his words.
Abstract imagery.
उसकी धृष्टता का यह प्रदर्शन उसकी हताशा का प्रतीक है।
This display of his audacity is a symbol of his desperation.
Complex noun phrases.
क्या यह धृष्टता नहीं है कि वह अपने कुकृत्यों का बचाव कर रहा है?
Is it not audacity that he is defending his misdeeds?
Negative interrogative with abstract nouns.
उसकी धृष्टता ने कूटनीतिक संबंधों में दरार पैदा कर दी।
His audacity created a rift in diplomatic relations.
Advanced vocabulary 'kutnitik' (diplomatic).
धृष्टता की आड़ में वह अपनी कमियों को छिपाना चाहता है।
Under the guise of audacity, he wants to hide his shortcomings.
Idiomatic 'ki aad mein' (under the guise of).
विद्वानों ने उसकी धृष्टता को अज्ञानता का परिणाम बताया।
Scholars described his audacity as a result of ignorance.
Passive-style construction.
उसने व्यवस्था को चुनौती देने की जो धृष्टता की, उसका फल उसे मिला।
He received the fruit of the audacity he showed in challenging the system.
Relative-correlative 'jo... uska'.
बिना किसी ठोस आधार के आरोप लगाना सरासर धृष्टता है।
Levelling allegations without any solid basis is sheer audacity.
Adverb 'sarasar' (sheer/absolute).
उसकी धृष्टता ने उसे अपनों से ही दूर कर दिया।
His audacity distanced him from his own people.
Reflexive 'apno se' (from his own).
常见搭配
常用短语
— A very formal way to say 'Please excuse my boldness.'
Dhṛṣṭatā kshama ho, par main jana chahta hoon.
容易混淆的词
Drishtata refers to visibility or the state of being seen. It is often confused due to the similar sound.
Saahas is positive courage, while Dhṛṣṭatā is negative audacity.
Dhrisht is the adjective (impudent), whereas Dhṛṣṭatā is the noun (impudence).
习语与表达
— To cross the limit of audacity/decency.
Usne dhṛṣṭatā ki seema langh di hai.
Formal— To have a brazen or defiant look in one's eyes.
Uski aankhon mein dhṛṣṭatā saaf dikhti hai.
Literary— To adopt a persona of audacity (guise).
Usne dhṛṣṭatā ka chola odh liya hai.
Literary— To be consumed by one's own arrogance (rare).
Vah apni hi dhṛṣṭatā ki aag mein jal raha hai.
Poetic— To openly proclaim one's audacity.
Vah har jagah apni dhṛṣṭatā ka danka bajata hai.
Informal— To invite someone to be audacious.
Tumhari narmi use dhṛṣṭatā ki dawat deti hai.
Neutral— To endure someone's audacity (rare).
Main kab tak uski dhṛṣṭatā ka ghunt piyunga?
Literary— To follow the path of impudence.
Vah dhṛṣṭatā ki raah par chal raha hai.
Neutral容易混淆
Similar spelling in the first syllable.
Drishti means vision or sight. Dhṛṣṭatā means audacity.
Uski drishti kamzor hai (His vision is weak) vs Uski dhṛṣṭatā badi hai (His audacity is great).
Both start with 'Dh'.
Dhairya means patience, which is a virtue. Dhṛṣṭatā is a vice.
Dhairya rakho (Have patience).
Similar meaning.
Dhithai is more colloquial and implies stubbornness. Dhṛṣṭatā is more formal and implies disrespect.
Bachhe ki dhithai.
Exact synonyms.
Gustakhi is Urdu-origin and used in poetry. Dhṛṣṭatā is Sanskrit-origin and used in formal prose.
Gustakhi maaf.
Both involve being bold.
Saahas is bravery in the face of fear. Dhṛṣṭatā is boldness that ignores respect.
Sainik ka saahas (Soldier's courage).
句型
यह [Noun] है।
यह धृष्टता है।
[Person] ने धृष्टता की।
उसने धृष्टता की।
[Verb-Infinitive] की धृष्टता करना।
बोलने की धृष्टता करना।
[Possessive] धृष्टता [Adjective] है।
तुम्हारी धृष्टता असहनीय है।
धृष्टता की [Noun] ...
धृष्टता की सीमा लांघना।
धृष्टता के [Postposition] ...
धृष्टता के वशीभूत होकर।
मेरी धृष्टता को [Verb] ...
मेरी धृष्टता को क्षमा करें।
धृष्टता और [Noun] ...
धृष्टता और अहंकार।
词族
名词
动词
形容词
相关
如何使用
Medium (Common in specific genres like news/lit, rare in daily talk).
-
Usne bada dhṛṣṭatā dikhaya.
→
Usne badi dhṛṣṭatā dikhai.
Dhṛṣṭatā is feminine, so adjectives and verbs must be feminine.
-
Mujhe tumhara saahas (dhṛṣṭatā) pasand nahi.
→
Mujhe tumhari dhṛṣṭatā pasand nahi.
If you mean audacity/rudeness, use dhṛṣṭatā. Saahas is a positive word.
-
Drishtata (pronouncing without 'h').
→
Dhṛṣṭatā.
The 'Dh' is aspirated. Without it, the word is mispronounced.
-
Writing it as धृस्तता.
→
धृष्टता.
The middle consonant is the retroflex 'ष', not the dental 'स'.
-
Using it for a toddler's mischief.
→
Sharaarat.
Dhṛṣṭatā is too formal and heavy for a small child's innocent mistakes.
小贴士
Check the Gender
Always remember धृष्टता is feminine. This is the most common mistake. Say 'itni dhṛṣṭatā' not 'itna dhṛṣṭatā'.
Keep it Formal
Save this word for formal letters, speeches, or when you are really angry and want to sound dignified. Don't use it for minor things.
Learn the Root
Knowing that 'Dhṛṣ' means to dare helps you understand related words like 'Dhrisht' (the person who is audacious).
Aspiration is Key
The 'Dh' in Dhṛṣṭatā must be aspirated. If you say it without the 'h' sound, it sounds like 'Drishtata,' which isn't a common word.
The Retroflex 'ṣ'
In the Devanagari script, use 'ष' (the cerebral sha) for the middle sound. Using 'स' or 'श' is a spelling error.
Dare Connection
Remembering that it's related to the English word 'dare' can help you remember the meaning: daring but in a bad way.
Listen for Tone
When you hear this word in movies, notice the tone of indignation or shock that usually accompanies it.
Look for Postpositions
It often appears before 'ki' or 'ke liye.' Identifying these markers helps you find the noun in a sentence.
Hierarchy Matters
This word is all about hierarchy. Use it when someone lower in rank is being rude to someone higher.
Audacity vs Courage
Never use Dhṛṣṭatā to praise someone's bravery. Use 'Saahas' for praise and 'Dhṛṣṭatā' for criticism.
记住它
记忆技巧
Think of 'Dhṛṣ' as 'Dress.' If someone wears a very 'Dhrisht' (bold/rude) dress to a funeral, they are showing 'Dhṛṣṭatā' (Audacity).
视觉联想
Imagine a small mouse standing up and shouting at a lion. That 'nerve' is Dhṛṣṭatā.
Word Web
挑战
Try to use 'Dhṛṣṭatā' in a sentence today when you see someone being surprisingly rude on TV or in a book.
词源
Derived from the Sanskrit root 'Dhṛṣ' (धृष्) meaning 'to dare, to be bold, to venture.'
原始含义： The quality of daring or boldness, often in a defiant sense.
Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit-derived Hindi).文化背景
Be careful using this word to a person's face; it is very strong and can be seen as a grave insult.
In English, 'audacity' can sometimes be used admiringly (e.g., 'The Audacity of Hope'). In Hindi, 'Dhṛṣṭatā' is almost never admiring.
在生活中练习
真实语境
In a Courtroom
- न्यायालय की धृष्टता
- धृष्टतापूर्ण व्यवहार
- अवमानना और धृष्टता
- धृष्टता के लिए दंड
In History Books
- शत्रु की धृष्टता
- धृष्टता का जवाब
- राजा के सामने धृष्टता
- धृष्टता का अंत
In Formal Debates
- तार्किक धृष्टता
- धृष्टता मत कीजिए
- मेरी धृष्टता क्षमा करें
- प्रश्नों की धृष्टता
In Literature
- नायक की धृष्टता
- धृष्टता का वर्णन
- चरित्र की धृष्टता
- धृष्टता और गर्व
In Personal Conflicts
- तुम्हारी धृष्टता
- धृष्टता की सीमा
- इतनी धृष्टता!
- धृष्टता मत दिखाओ
对话开场白
"क्या आपको लगता है कि आज के बच्चों में धृष्टता बढ़ गई है?"
"आपने कभी किसी की बड़ी धृष्टता देखी है?"
"धृष्टता और साहस के बीच आप कैसे फर्क करते हैं?"
"क्या राजनीति में धृष्टता एक ज़रूरी गुण है?"
"अगर कोई आपके साथ धृष्टता करे, तो आप क्या करेंगे?"
日记主题
उस समय के बारे में लिखें जब आपने किसी की धृष्टता का सामना किया और आपने क्या प्रतिक्रिया दी।
क्या धृष्टता कभी सकारात्मक हो सकती है? अपने विचार विस्तार से लिखें।
हिंदी साहित्य में धृष्टता शब्द के महत्व पर एक छोटा निबंध लिखें।
धृष्टता और विनम्रता के बीच के संघर्ष पर एक कहानी लिखें।
आज के समाचारों में धृष्टता का कोई उदाहरण ढूँढें और उसका विश्लेषण करें।
常见问题
10 个问题It is almost always negative. It describes a type of boldness that is disrespectful or socially inappropriate. Use 'saahas' if you want a positive word for boldness.
It is an aspirated 'Dh' followed by a vocalic 'r' sound. It sounds like 'Dhri' in 'Dhrish-ta-ta.' Do not skip the 'h' sound.
It is usually too formal for children. For a child's mischief or stubbornness, words like 'sharaarat' or 'dhithai' are much more common.
It is a feminine noun. This means you must use feminine adjectives (badi, acchi) and feminine possessive pronouns (meri, uski) with it.
Badtamizi is a general word for bad manners or rudeness used in daily life. Dhṛṣṭatā is a formal word specifically for audacity or impudence towards authority.
The plural form is 'धृष्टताएँ' (Dhṛṣṭatāein), but it is very rarely used because audacity is usually treated as an uncountable abstract quality.
Yes, but usually in the Urdu form 'Gustakhi.' In high-register Hindi, a lover might say 'Meri dhṛṣṭatā kshama karein' to sound very dramatic and formal.
It comes from the Sanskrit root 'Dhṛṣ,' which means to dare. It is thousands of years old and is part of the core Sanskrit vocabulary inherited by Hindi.
It is more common in historical Bollywood movies (like 'Jodhaa Akbar' or 'Bajirao Mastani') than in modern romantic comedies.
You can say 'Dhṛṣṭatā mat karo' or more formally, 'Dhṛṣṭatā na dikhayein.'
自我测试 180 个问题
Write 'Audacity' in Hindi script.
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Write 'His audacity' in Hindi.
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Translate: 'Don't show audacity.'
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Translate: 'Forgive my audacity.'
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Write a sentence using 'धृष्टता की सीमा'.
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Write a sentence about political audacity.
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Write 'Badi Dhṛṣṭatā'.
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Translate: 'This is audacity.'
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Write 'Audacious behavior' in Hindi.
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Translate: 'Audacity is punishable.'
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Translate: 'He had the audacity to lie.'
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Explain 'Dhṛṣṭatā' in Hindi (one sentence).
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Write 'Dhrishtata' in Hindi 3 times.
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Translate: 'Who showed audacity?'
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Write a sentence about a student's audacity.
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Translate: 'There is no limit to his audacity.'
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Use 'sarasar' with 'dhṛṣṭatā'.
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Write a formal letter opening with 'meri dhṛṣṭatā'.
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Translate: 'Why this audacity?'
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Translate: 'His audacity shocked me.'
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Pronounce: धृष्टता (Dhṛṣṭatā)
Read this aloud:
你说的：
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Say: 'This is his audacity.'
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Say: 'Don't show audacity to me.'
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Say: 'Forgive my audacity, sir.'
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Say: 'He crossed the limit of audacity.'
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Say: 'Audacity and pride go together.'
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Say 'Badi Dhṛṣṭatā' with shock.
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Say 'Uski Dhṛṣṭatā' clearly.
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Say 'Dhṛṣṭatā mat karo' firmly.
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Say 'Yeh sarasar dhṛṣṭatā hai'.
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Say 'Dhṛṣṭatā kshama ho' politely.
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Say 'Dhṛṣṭatā ki parakashta' with emphasis.
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Pronounce 'Dhṛ' carefully.
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Say 'Itni dhṛṣṭatā' with a question tone.
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Say 'Vah dhṛṣṭatā dikha raha hai'.
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Say 'Dhṛṣṭatā bura gun hai'.
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Say 'Dhṛṣṭatā ka parichay diya'.
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Say 'Dhṛṣṭatā ka dand milega'.
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Say 'Meri dhṛṣṭatā' 5 times.
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Say 'Dhṛṣṭatā ki koi seema nahi'.
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Listen to the word: Dhṛṣṭatā. (Transcribe it)
Listen: Uski dhṛṣṭatā. (What did you hear?)
Listen: Dhṛṣṭatā mat karo. (What is the command?)
Listen: Yeh sarasar dhṛṣṭatā hai. (How much audacity?)
Listen: Dhṛṣṭatā ki parakashta. (What is the key noun?)
Is the word 'Drishti' or 'Dhṛṣṭatā'?
Identify the gender: 'Badi dhṛṣṭatā'.
Listen: Meri dhṛṣṭatā kshama karein. (What is requested?)
Listen: Dhṛṣṭatā dandaniya hai. (What is the consequence?)
Listen: Dhṛṣṭatā ki seema langhna. (What was crossed?)
How many syllables did you hear in Dhṛṣṭatā?
Listen: Itni dhṛṣṭatā! (Is it a question or exclamation?)
Listen: Usne dhṛṣṭatā ki. (Who did it?)
Listen: Dhṛṣṭatā ka phal. (What is the topic?)
Listen: Dhṛṣṭatā ka chola. (What is 'chola'?)
/ 180 correct
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Summary
The word 'Dhṛṣṭatā' is your go-to term for calling out a serious lack of respect or a brazen act that violates social norms. Unlike 'courage,' it is an unwanted kind of boldness. Example: 'Uski dhṛṣṭatā kshama-yogya nahi hai' (His audacity is not forgivable).
- Dhṛṣṭatā is a formal Hindi noun meaning 'audacity' or 'impudence.'
- It is a feminine noun and usually carries a negative connotation of disrespect.
- It is commonly used in literature, news, and formal social confrontations.
- Synonyms include 'Gustakhi' and 'Dhithai,' while 'Vinamrata' is its opposite.
Check the Gender
Always remember धृष्टता is feminine. This is the most common mistake. Say 'itni dhṛṣṭatā' not 'itna dhṛṣṭatā'.
Keep it Formal
Save this word for formal letters, speeches, or when you are really angry and want to sound dignified. Don't use it for minor things.
Learn the Root
Knowing that 'Dhṛṣ' means to dare helps you understand related words like 'Dhrisht' (the person who is audacious).
Aspiration is Key
The 'Dh' in Dhṛṣṭatā must be aspirated. If you say it without the 'h' sound, it sounds like 'Drishtata,' which isn't a common word.
例句
उसकी धृष्टता ने सबको हैरान कर दिया।
相关内容
更多emotions词汇
आभार
B1感激或感谢。'我向你表达感激' 是 'Main aapka abhaar vyakt karta hoon'。
आभारी
A2感激的，感谢的。用于在正式场合表达深切的谢意。
आभारी होना
A2感激；对所收到的事物感到欣赏或表示感谢。
आभार सहित
B1Gratefully; with gratitude; thankfully.
आभारपूर्वक
B2Gratefully, thankfully, or with appreciation.
आभास होना
B1有直觉，预感到；模糊地感觉到。例如：“我预感到了危险。”
आग्रह
B1Insistence, earnest request; persistent demanding.
आघात
B1冲击，创伤。 '这个消息是一个巨大的冲击 (aaghat)。' / '对经济的打击 (aaghat)。'
आघात लगना
B1To be shocked; to be traumatized.
आघात पहुँचना
B1因严重事件而感到深受震惊或遭受创伤。
