The pronoun 'oni' is the default plural 'they' for masculine and mixed-gender groups in Croatian.
30秒词汇
- Third-person plural pronoun meaning 'they' for masculine or mixed groups.
- Functions as a subject and changes through seven grammatical cases.
- Used for masculine objects or groups containing at least one male.
Pregled
Zamjenica 'oni' jedna je od osnovnih osobnih zamjenica u hrvatskom jeziku. Ona se odnosi na treće lice množine i ima ključnu ulogu u svakodnevnoj komunikaciji. Kao i sve osobne zamjenice, 'oni' se mijenja kroz sedam padeža, što je važno za pravilno slaganje s glagolima i prijedlozima.
Obrasci uporabe
U rečenici 'oni' najčešće služi kao subjekt. Važno je napomenuti da se u hrvatskom jeziku subjekt često izostavlja (elipsa) ako je iz glagolskog nastavka jasno o kome se radi (npr. 'Oni rade' postaje samo 'Rade'). Međutim, zamjenica se koristi kada želimo naglasiti tko obavlja radnju ili kada uvodimo novi subjekt u razgovor.
Uobičajeni konteksti
Koristi se u svim kontekstima, od neformalnih razgovora o prijateljima do formalnih izvještaja. Specifičnost hrvatskog jezika je 'gramatički muški rod' – ako se grupa sastoji od muškaraca i žena (npr. 99 žena i 1 muškarac), gramatički ispravna zamjenica je i dalje 'oni'.
Usporedba sličnih riječi
'Oni' se razlikuje od 'one' (ženski rod množina) i 'ona' (srednji rod množina). Dok 'one' koristimo isključivo za grupe u kojima su samo osobe ili predmeti ženskog roda, 'oni' je univerzalniji jer pokriva i mješovite skupine. Također, ne smije se miješati s pokaznim zamjenicama poput 'onaj' ili 'oni' (u smislu 'oni tamo'), iako dijele isti korijen.
例句
Oni idu na more svakog ljeta.
everydayThey go to the seaside every summer.
Oni su imenovani članovima povjerenstva.
formalThey have been appointed as members of the commission.
Ma pusti njih, oni uvijek kasne.
informalForget them, they are always late.
Oni ispitanici koji su završili test...
academicThose participants who finished the test...
常见搭配
常用短语
Oni i mi
Them and us
Baš oni
Exactly them
Oni tamo
Those people over there
容易混淆的词
Used only for feminine plural nouns or groups of only females.
Can mean 'she' (singular) or 'they' (plural for neuter nouns like 'djeca' or 'polja').
语法模式
How to Use It
使用说明
The pronoun 'oni' is neutral and suitable for all levels of formality. In spoken language, it's frequently dropped unless the speaker wants to emphasize the subject or avoid ambiguity. When used with prepositions, it changes to its oblique forms (e.g., 's njima', 'o njima').
常见错误
English speakers often forget that 'oni' covers mixed groups and try to use 'one' if the majority is female. Another mistake is using the full pronoun 'oni' in every sentence, which sounds repetitive and unnatural in Croatian; use it once to establish the subject, then rely on verb endings.
Tips
Use 'oni' for any mixed group
In Croatian, if a group has both genders, always use the masculine plural 'oni' regardless of the ratio.
Don't confuse with 'ona' plural
Remember that 'ona' is 'she' in singular, but it also means 'they' for neuter nouns in plural (like 'sela').
Masculine as the default gender
Traditional Croatian grammar uses the masculine plural as a collective form for all people, reflecting historical linguistic structures.
词源
Derived from the Proto-Slavic pronoun *onъ, which was originally a demonstrative pronoun indicating something distant from the speaker.
文化背景
In Croatian culture, like many others, the use of the masculine plural as a default for mixed groups is a standard linguistic feature, though modern discussions on gender-neutral language are beginning to surface in academic circles.
记忆技巧
The letter 'i' in 'oni' looks like a single person; imagine 'oni' as a group of 'individuals' where at least one is a man.
常见问题
4 个问题'Oni' koristimo za muškarce ili mješovite grupe, dok 'one' koristimo isključivo za grupe žena ili imenice ženskog roda.
Da, 'oni' se koristi za sve imenice muškog roda u množini, npr. 'stolovi - oni su drveni'.
Ne, u hrvatskom jeziku zamjenica se često izostavlja jer glagolski nastavak (npr. -ju, -u) već otkriva subjekt.
To su oblici za akuzativ i genitiv, koji glase 'njih' (dugi oblik) ili 'ih' (kratki oblik).
自我测试
Marko i Ana su u kinu. ___ gledaju film.
Budući da se radi o mješovitoj grupi (muškarac i žena), koristimo 'oni'.
Gdje su prozori? ___ su otvoreni.
Imenica 'prozor' je muškog roda, pa je množina 'prozori' zamijenjena sa 'oni'.
Oni / sutra / putovati / u Zagreb.
Glagol 'putovati' u 3. licu množine glasi 'putuju'.
得分： /3
Summary
The pronoun 'oni' is the default plural 'they' for masculine and mixed-gender groups in Croatian.
- Third-person plural pronoun meaning 'they' for masculine or mixed groups.
- Functions as a subject and changes through seven grammatical cases.
- Used for masculine objects or groups containing at least one male.
Use 'oni' for any mixed group
In Croatian, if a group has both genders, always use the masculine plural 'oni' regardless of the ratio.
Don't confuse with 'ona' plural
Remember that 'ona' is 'she' in singular, but it also means 'they' for neuter nouns in plural (like 'sela').
Masculine as the default gender
Traditional Croatian grammar uses the masculine plural as a collective form for all people, reflecting historical linguistic structures.
例句
4 / 4Oni idu na more svakog ljeta.
They go to the seaside every summer.
Oni su imenovani članovima povjerenstva.
They have been appointed as members of the commission.
Ma pusti njih, oni uvijek kasne.
Forget them, they are always late.
Oni ispitanici koji su završili test...
Those participants who finished the test...
