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B2 verb 9分钟阅读

esaminare

例句 esaminare 30秒了解
解析 esaminare in your Level:
At the A1 level, learners are introduced to basic verbs that describe daily actions. While 'esaminare' might seem advanced, it is often encountered early because of its similarity to the English word 'examine'. At this stage, you should understand that 'esaminare' means to look at something very carefully. You might use it in very simple sentences like 'Il dottore esamina il bambino' (The doctor examines the child). It is important to focus on the present tense and understand that the word describes a focused action. You don't need to worry about complex nuances yet; just think of it as a 'serious' version of 'guardare' (to look). For example, if you are looking at a picture to find a hidden detail, you are 'esaminando' the picture. Learning this word early helps you build a more professional vocabulary than just using 'guardare' for everything. It also introduces you to the '-are' verb group, which is the largest and most regular group of verbs in Italian. Practice saying it slowly: e-sa-mi-na-re. Notice how the stress falls on the second-to-last syllable in most forms. Even at A1, knowing this word can help you understand what a teacher means when they say 'Esaminiamo questo esempio' (Let's examine this example) in class.
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At the A2 level, you begin to expand your ability to describe professional and educational situations. 'Esaminare' becomes more useful as you talk about work, health, and studies. You should be able to conjugate it in the present tense and perhaps the 'passato prossimo' (past tense). For example, 'Ho esaminato il libro' (I examined the book). At this level, you should also understand the difference between 'esaminare' and 'vedere'. While 'vedere' is just the physical act of seeing, 'esaminare' implies a purpose. You are looking at something to find information or to check if it is correct. You might hear it in a shop if a clerk is checking a banknote: 'Il cassiere esamina la banconota'. You should also start to recognize the noun 'esame' (exam) and how it relates to the verb. In Italy, students 'fanno un esame' (do an exam), but the professor 'esamina gli studenti'. This distinction is important for describing school life. You can also use it for simple problem-solving: 'Dobbiamo esaminare il problema'. This shows you are moving beyond basic survival Italian and starting to express more analytical thoughts.
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At the B1 level, you are expected to handle more complex social and work-related interactions. 'Esaminare' is a key verb for expressing opinions and describing processes. You should be comfortable using it in various tenses, including the 'imperfetto' for past descriptions and the 'futuro' for plans. For example, 'L'anno prossimo, la commissione esaminerà il progetto' (Next year, the commission will examine the project). At this stage, you should understand the transitive nature of the verb perfectly—no prepositions needed! You can also start using it with adverbs to add detail: 'Esaminare attentamente' (to examine carefully) or 'Esaminare velocemente' (to examine quickly). This level also introduces the idea of 'esaminare' in a metaphorical sense, such as 'esaminare le possibilità' (to examine the possibilities). You might use it in a letter or an email to sound more professional: 'Ho esaminato la vostra proposta e sono interessato'. This sounds much better than 'Ho visto la vostra proposta'. It shows a level of seriousness and professional courtesy that is highly valued in Italian culture.
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At the B2 level, which is the target level for this word, you should have a nuanced understanding of 'esaminare'. You should be able to use it in complex sentence structures, including the 'congiuntivo' (subjunctive) and 'condizionale' (conditional). For instance, 'Spero che il tecnico esamini la caldaia al più presto' (I hope the technician examines the boiler as soon as possible). You should understand its role in academic and formal discourse. B2 learners should be able to distinguish 'esaminare' from its synonyms like 'analizzare', 'ispezionare', and 'scrutare'. You should know that 'esaminare' is the broad term, while 'ispezionare' is for official checks and 'scrutare' is for intense peering. You should also be aware of the reflexive form 'esaminarsi', used for self-reflection or physical self-examination. At this level, you can use the word to discuss social issues, scientific research, or legal matters with confidence. You understand that when a politician says they are 'esaminando la situazione', they might be buying time or being genuinely thorough. The word carries a certain weight of responsibility and formal process that you should be able to convey in your own speaking and writing.
At the C1 level, your use of 'esaminare' should be precise and sophisticated. You should be able to use it in highly formal contexts, such as academic papers, legal documents, or high-level business negotiations. You understand the stylistic impact of choosing 'esaminare' over 'controllare'. For a C1 learner, 'esaminare' is not just about looking; it's about the methodology of inquiry. You might use it in phrases like 'Esaminare criticamente le fonti' (to critically examine sources), which is essential for academic writing. You are also familiar with more obscure or literary uses, and you can comfortably use the passive voice to maintain a formal tone: 'Tali ipotesi devono essere esaminate alla luce delle nuove scoperte'. Your vocabulary is rich enough to pair 'esaminare' with specific technical terms. You also understand the cultural implications of 'esaminare' in the context of the Italian 'esami di stato' or 'concorsi pubblici', which are central to Italian professional life. You can use the word to describe deep psychological or philosophical inquiry, such as 'esaminare l'animo umano'. At this level, the word is a tool for precision, allowing you to specify exactly the type of analytical attention being applied to a subject.
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At the C2 level, you have complete mastery of 'esaminare' and its entire word family. You can use it with total native-like fluency, including in idiomatic and highly abstract ways. You are aware of its etymological roots (from the Latin 'examinare', to weigh) and how this history informs its current usage. You can use it in complex rhetorical structures and understand its nuances in historical or classical Italian literature. A C2 speaker might use 'esaminare' to dissect a complex philosophical argument or to describe the minute details of a legal precedent. You can effortlessly switch between 'esaminare', 'vagliare', 'setacciare', and 'visurare' depending on the exact nuance required. You understand the subtle irony if someone says they are 'esaminando' something that clearly doesn't require such scrutiny. Your use of the word is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker, whether you are writing a technical manual, a literary critique, or engaging in a high-level debate. You also possess the cultural knowledge to understand how 'esaminare' fits into the broader Italian tradition of 'l'esame di coscienza' or the rigorous standards of Italian bureaucracy and academia.
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例句

esaminare 30秒了解

  • Esaminare means to inspect or analyze something in detail.
  • It is a regular -are verb used in formal and professional contexts.
  • Commonly used in medicine, law, and education (meaning to test students).
  • It is transitive, meaning it takes a direct object without a preposition.

The Italian verb esaminare is a sophisticated and versatile term that goes far beyond a simple look or glance. At its core, it describes the action of inspecting, analyzing, or scrutinizing something with a high degree of attention and precision. In the Italian language, this verb is deeply rooted in the concept of evaluation. When you esaminare something, you are not just seeing it; you are weighing its components, checking its validity, and searching for underlying truths or flaws. This word is a staple in academic, professional, and scientific environments, but it also finds its way into everyday life when a situation requires careful thought or a thorough check. For an English speaker, it translates most directly to 'to examine,' 'to inspect,' 'to scrutinize,' or 'to review.' However, the Italian nuance often carries a weight of authority or academic rigor that 'examine' sometimes lacks in casual English. Whether it is a doctor checking a patient, a professor grading a student, or a detective looking for clues at a crime scene, esaminare is the verb of choice for professional scrutiny.

Academic Context
In Italian universities and schools, this verb is used to describe the process of testing a student's knowledge. A professor doesn't just 'test' a student; they 'examine' them, implying a deep, often oral, interrogation of the subject matter.
Medical and Scientific Usage
Doctors use this word when performing physical checkups or analyzing laboratory results. It suggests a methodical approach to identifying symptoms or biological markers.
Legal and Investigative Scrutiny
Lawyers and judges 'examine' evidence or witnesses. Here, the word implies a search for consistency and truth within a legal framework.

Il medico ha dovuto esaminare attentamente i risultati delle analisi prima di formulare una diagnosi definitiva.

Dobbiamo esaminare ogni singola clausola del contratto per evitare spiacevoli sorprese in futuro.

La commissione ha il compito di esaminare i candidati per il posto di ricercatore universitario.

È necessario esaminare il problema da diverse prospettive per trovare una soluzione efficace.

L'ispettore ha iniziato a esaminare la scena del crimine alla ricerca di impronte digitali.

Using esaminare correctly involves understanding its grammatical structure and the specific nuances it brings to a sentence. As a first-conjugation verb ending in -are, it follows the standard pattern of regular Italian verbs, making it relatively straightforward to conjugate in various tenses. However, the complexity lies in its application. It is almost always used transitively. For example, you would say 'Esamino il documento' (I examine the document). The subject is the one performing the scrutiny, and the object is what is being looked at. In more formal or scientific writing, you might encounter the passive form: 'Il campione viene esaminato in laboratorio' (The sample is being examined in the laboratory). This shifts the focus to the object being scrutinized, which is common in technical reports. Another important aspect is the use of adverbs. Because esaminare implies a process, it is frequently paired with adverbs like attentamente (carefully), minuziosamente (minutely/thoroughly), or superficialmente (superficially) to indicate the depth of the inspection.

Direct Object Usage
The verb takes a direct object. Example: 'Dobbiamo esaminare la proposta' (We must examine the proposal). No preposition is used between the verb and the noun.
Gerund and Continuous Action
Using 'stare + esaminando' emphasizes that the process of inspection is currently underway. Example: 'Sto esaminando le opzioni' (I am currently examining the options).
Reflexive Form (Rare)
'Esaminarsi' is used when someone examines themselves, often metaphorically, like 'esaminarsi la coscienza' (to examine one's conscience/soul-searching).

Prima di firmare, ti consiglio di esaminare bene tutte le scritte in piccolo.

Gli archeologi stanno continuando a esaminare i reperti trovati durante lo scavo.

Se vogliamo vincere la causa, dobbiamo esaminare il testimone con estrema cautela.

You will encounter esaminare in various formal and semi-formal settings across Italy. It is a word that signals a transition from casual observation to serious analysis. In the media, news anchors often use it when discussing government policies or economic data: 'Il governo sta esaminando le nuove misure economiche' (The government is examining the new economic measures). In the workplace, it’s the standard term for reviewing reports, applications, or project plans. If you are applying for a job in Italy, the HR manager might tell you, 'Esamineremo il suo curriculum e le faremo sapere' (We will examine your resume and let you know). In a more specialized sense, it is ubiquitous in Italian 'Gialli' (detective novels) and crime dramas like 'Il Commissario Montalbano', where forensic experts esaminano the evidence. It is also a fundamental word in the Italian education system. From the first years of school through university, the concept of being 'esaminati' is a constant presence in a student's life. Even in everyday conversations, if a friend is making a big decision, like buying a house, you might hear them say, 'Devo esaminare bene la situazione finanziaria' (I need to examine the financial situation well).

Professional Meetings
Used when discussing strategy, auditing, or quality control. 'Dobbiamo esaminare i costi di produzione.'
News and Media
Used by journalists to describe parliamentary debates or scientific breakthroughs. 'Gli esperti esaminano l'impatto del cambiamento climatico.'
Medical Consultations
Used by doctors during physical exams. 'Mi permetta di esaminare la gola.'

Il perito deve ancora esaminare l'auto per valutare i danni dell'incidente.

I critici d'arte hanno iniziato a esaminare il dipinto per verificarne l'autenticità.

One of the most frequent errors English speakers make when using esaminare is the incorrect use of prepositions. In English, we often say 'to examine into something' or 'to look into something,' which leads learners to try and add a preposition like in or su after esaminare. In Italian, esaminare is almost always transitive and takes a direct object. Saying 'Esaminare su un problema' is incorrect; it should simply be 'Esaminare un problema'. Another common mistake is confusing esaminare with testare or provare. While they all involve checking something, testare is more about performance (like testing a car's engine), provare is about trying something out (like trying on clothes or trying a new recipe), and esaminare is about analytical inspection. Using esaminare when you mean 'to try on' would sound very strange. Furthermore, students often confuse the noun esame (exam) with the verb. Remember that esame is the result or the event, while esaminare is the action. Finally, be careful with the formal 'Lei' form. In a professional setting, you might say 'Posso esaminare i documenti?' but if you are asking the person to examine them, it would be 'Può esaminare i documenti?'. Mixing up the subject and object in these formal interactions can lead to confusion about who is supposed to be doing the work.

Preposition Overuse
Avoid: 'Esaminare di...' or 'Esaminare su...'. Correct: 'Esaminare [oggetto]'. Example: 'Esaminiamo la situazione', not 'Esaminiamo sulla situazione'.
Semantic Confusion
Don't use 'esaminare' for trying food or clothes. Use 'assaggiare' for food and 'provare' for clothes.
Spelling Errors
Ensure you don't add an extra 'i' where it doesn't belong. The root is 'esamin-', so the endings are -o, -i, -a, -iamo, -ate, -ano.

Errore: Devo esaminare di questo libro. Corretto: Devo esaminare questo libro.

Errore: Voglio esaminare la pizza. Corretto: Voglio assaggiare la pizza.

While esaminare is a powerful word, Italian offers several synonyms that allow for more precise expression depending on the context. Understanding the subtle differences between these alternatives will greatly enhance your fluency and ability to convey specific meanings. For instance, analizzare is very close to esaminare but emphasizes a logical or scientific breakdown of components. Ispezionare is typically used for official or formal inspections, such as a building inspector checking a site or a general reviewing troops. Scrutare, on the other hand, focuses on the physical act of looking intensely or peering, often with a sense of curiosity or suspicion. Osservare is more general and can mean simply watching or noticing something, though it can also imply careful observation. Vagliare is a beautiful, more literary term that literally means 'to sift' (like grain) but is used metaphorically to mean 'to carefully weigh' or 'to vet' options or candidates. Finally, controllare is the most common everyday alternative, meaning 'to check' or 'to verify'. Choosing the right word depends on whether you are doing a routine check (controllare), a deep analysis (analizzare), or a formal inspection (ispezionare).

Analizzare vs Esaminare
Analizzare implies breaking something down into parts to understand how it works. Esaminare is more about looking at the whole to evaluate its quality or state.
Ispezionare vs Esaminare
Ispezionare usually involves a physical walkthrough and carries a sense of authority or regulation. Esaminare can be purely mental or intellectual.
Vagliare vs Esaminare
Vagliare is often used for choosing the best out of many options. 'Vagliare le candidature' (To vet the applications).

Dobbiamo analizzare i dati statistici per capire il trend del mercato.

L'ufficiale deve ispezionare la caserma ogni lunedì mattina.

Lei continuava a scrutare l'orizzonte in cerca di un segno della nave.

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按水平分级的例句

1

Il dottore esamina il bambino.

The doctor examines the child.

Present tense, third person singular.

2

Io esamino questa foto.

I examine this photo.

Present tense, first person singular.

3

Noi esaminiamo il libro di italiano.

We examine the Italian book.

Present tense, first person plural.

4

Lei esamina il fiore.

She examines the flower.

Present tense, third person singular (feminine).

5

Voi esaminate la mappa?

Are you (plural) examining the map?

Interrogative sentence, second person plural.

6

Il gatto esamina il cibo.

The cat examines the food.

Present tense, third person singular.

7

Loro esaminano la scatola.

They examine the box.

Present tense, third person plural.

8

Tu esamini la mela.

You examine the apple.

Present tense, second person singular.

1

Ho esaminato i documenti ieri.

I examined the documents yesterday.

Passato prossimo (past tense).

2

Dobbiamo esaminare questa proposta di lavoro.

We must examine this job proposal.

Modal verb 'dovere' + infinitive.

3

Il professore esamina gli studenti alle nove.

The professor examines the students at nine.

Present tense with a specific time.

4

Puoi esaminare la mia bicicletta?

Can you examine my bicycle?

Modal verb 'potere' + infinitive.

5

Il meccanico ha esaminato il motore.

The mechanic examined the engine.

Passato prossimo with a masculine direct object.

6

Stiamo esaminando i prezzi degli hotel.

We are examining the hotel prices.

Stare + gerund (continuous action).

7

Lei esaminava sempre tutto con cura.

She always examined everything with care.

Imperfetto (habitual past action).

8

Esaminerò la tua email stasera.

I will examine your email tonight.

Futuro semplice (future tense).

1

È importante esaminare ogni dettaglio del contratto.

It is important to examine every detail of the contract.

Impersonal expression 'È importante' + infinitive.

2

Se esaminassimo meglio la situazione, troveremmo una soluzione.

If we examined the situation better, we would find a solution.

Periodo ipotetico (hypothetical sentence) with congiuntivo imperfetto.

3

Il perito sta esaminando i danni causati dal temporale.

The expert is examining the damage caused by the storm.

Present progressive with a specific professional subject.

4

Abbiamo deciso di esaminare nuove strategie di marketing.

We decided to examine new marketing strategies.

Verb 'decidere di' + infinitive.

5

Mentre esaminavo la vecchia soffitta, ho trovato questo baule.

While I was examining the old attic, I found this chest.

Mentre + imperfetto (background action in the past).

6

Spero che tu esamini la mia richiesta seriamente.

I hope that you examine my request seriously.

Congiuntivo presente after 'Spero che'.

7

Non ho ancora avuto il tempo di esaminare i campioni.

I haven't had time to examine the samples yet.

Negative past tense with 'ancora'.

8

L'avvocato ha esaminato il testimone per ore.

The lawyer examined the witness for hours.

Passato prossimo used for a completed action with duration.

1

La commissione sta esaminando le candidature per la borsa di studio.

The commission is examining the applications for the scholarship.

Continuous action in a formal institutional context.

2

Bisogna esaminare la questione da un punto di vista etico.

One must examine the issue from an ethical point of view.

Impersonal 'bisogna' + infinitive.

3

Dopo aver esaminato i pro e i contro, ho scelto di partire.

After having examined the pros and cons, I chose to leave.

Infinito passato (After having...).

4

Il testo deve essere esaminato filologicamente per capirne l'origine.

The text must be examined philologically to understand its origin.

Passive voice with a modal verb.

5

Ti suggerisco di esaminarti dentro prima di giudicare gli altri.

I suggest you examine yourself inside before judging others.

Reflexive form 'esaminarsi' used metaphorically.

6

Il software esamina automaticamente migliaia di dati al secondo.

The software automatically examines thousands of data points per second.

Use of the adverb 'automaticamente'.

7

Sebbene abbiano esaminato il caso, non hanno trovato prove.

Although they examined the case, they found no evidence.

Congiuntivo passato after the conjunction 'sebbene'.

8

Potremmo esaminare la possibilità di un compromesso.

We could examine the possibility of a compromise.

Condizionale presente expressing a suggestion.

1

L'opera va esaminata nel suo contesto storico e sociale.

The work must be examined within its historical and social context.

Passive construction using 'andare' + past participle.

2

Il critico ha esaminato minuziosamente la struttura del romanzo.

The critic minutely examined the structure of the novel.

Adverbial modification 'minuziosamente'.

3

È necessario esaminare se sussistano i presupposti legali per il ricorso.

It is necessary to examine whether the legal requirements for the appeal exist.

Indirect question introduced by 'se' with congiuntivo.

4

Hanno esaminato la questione sotto ogni profilo possibile.

They examined the matter from every possible angle.

Idiomatic expression 'sotto ogni profilo'.

5

L'analisi mira a esaminare le discrepanze tra i due rapporti.

The analysis aims to examine the discrepancies between the two reports.

Verb 'mirare a' + infinitive.

6

Qualora esaminaste i fatti, capireste la mia posizione.

Should you examine the facts, you would understand my position.

Hypothetical clause with 'qualora' + congiuntivo imperfetto.

7

Il filosofo esamina il concetto di verità nel pensiero moderno.

The philosopher examines the concept of truth in modern thought.

Abstract usage in academic discourse.

8

Verranno esaminati solo i profili che soddisfano i requisiti minimi.

Only profiles that meet the minimum requirements will be examined.

Passive future tense 'verranno esaminati'.

1

Si rende imprescindibile esaminare l'ontologia dell'essere in questo saggio.

It becomes essential to examine the ontology of being in this essay.

High-register academic Italian.

2

L'indagine si propone di esaminare le ramificazioni del fenomeno corruttivo.

The investigation aims to examine the ramifications of the corruptive phenomenon.

Metaphorical use of 'ramificazioni'.

3

Sarebbe opportuno esaminare la fattibilità dell'opera prima di procedere allo stanziamento.

It would be appropriate to examine the feasibility of the work before proceeding with the allocation.

Conditional mood for professional recommendation.

4

Il comitato ha il compito di esaminare la conformità del progetto alle normative europee.

The committee is tasked with examining the project's compliance with European regulations.

Formal bureaucratic terminology.

5

Non si può esaminare la storia senza considerare il peso delle tradizioni popolari.

One cannot examine history without considering the weight of popular traditions.

Impersonal 'si' with a negative modal.

6

L'anatomopatologo procedette a esaminare i tessuti al microscopio elettronico.

The pathologist proceeded to examine the tissues under an electron microscope.

Passato remoto (historic past) indicating a formal sequence of actions.

7

Dovremmo esaminare attentamente la dialettica tra potere e libertà.

We should carefully examine the dialectic between power and freedom.

Philosophical register.

8

È stato necessario esaminare la validità dei presupposti epistemologici della ricerca.

It was necessary to examine the validity of the research's epistemological assumptions.

Advanced academic vocabulary ('epistemologici').

常见搭配

esaminare attentamente
esaminare minuziosamente
esaminare un paziente
esaminare una proposta
esaminare il caso
esaminare le prove
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