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C1 noun 10分钟阅读

precursore

例句 笔记与提示 precursore 30秒了解
解析 precursore in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'precursore' is a very difficult word that you probably won't use. It's much better to use simple words like 'prima' (before) or 'primo' (first). For example, instead of saying 'He is a precursor of the car,' you would say 'Lui ha fatto la prima macchina' (He made the first car). 'Precursore' is a big word for people who study history or science. If you see it, just remember it means someone or something that came before and helped start a new idea. You might see it in a museum in Italy when they talk about old inventions. It's masculine, so we say 'il precursore'. If you are a beginner, focus on learning how to say 'before' and 'after' first. This word is like a 'super' version of 'primo'. It's not common in daily life, like buying bread or asking for directions. It's a word for books and smart people talking about important things from the past.
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At the A2 level, you are starting to learn more about the past and how to describe people. 'Precursore' is still very advanced, but you might hear it if you watch a simple documentary or read a short biography of a famous Italian like Leonardo da Vinci. It means 'precursor'—someone who did something early that led to something bigger later. Think of it as 'the person who came before the modern version'. For example, 'Galileo è il precursore della scienza moderna' (Galileo is the precursor of modern science). You can use it to sound more formal. Remember that it's a noun. If you want to talk about a woman, the word changes to 'precorritrice', but that is very hard, so most people just use 'precursore' for everyone at this level, though it's not perfectly correct. Focus on the idea of 'influence'—a precursore isn't just someone who was there first, but someone who helped create the future.
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At the B1 level, you should begin to recognize 'precursore' in articles and educational materials. This word is useful when you want to discuss history, art, or technology. It is more specific than 'predecessore' (predecessor). A predecessor is just someone who had a job before you, but a 'precursore' is a visionary. For example, 'Ivanoe Bonomi è stato un precursore della democrazia in Italia.' You use it when there is a connection between an old idea and a new one. It's a masculine noun: 'un precursore', 'il precursore', 'i precursori'. At this level, you can start using it in your writing to improve your score. Instead of saying 'He was the first to do this,' you can say 'È stato un precursore di questa tecnica.' It shows you have a larger vocabulary. You will also see it in science, like 'precursore chimico'. It means a substance that comes before another substance in a reaction. It's a very 'adult' word that makes your Italian sound more professional and precise.
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At the B2 level, 'precursore' should be part of your active vocabulary for formal discussions. You should understand the difference between 'precursore' and 'pioniere'. A 'pioniere' is the first person to do something, often with difficulty. A 'precursore' is someone whose work anticipated future developments. You might say, 'Steve Jobs è stato un precursore del design moderno.' You should also be aware of the feminine form 'precorritrice', even if you don't use it often. This word is very common in Italian cultural criticism. If you read a review of a movie, the critic might say the director was a 'precursore' of a certain style. It's also used for signs: 'I lampi sono precursori del tuono' (Lightning is the precursor to thunder). At B2, you should be able to use the preposition 'di' correctly after it: 'precursore di un'idea', 'precursore di un movimento'. It's an essential word for passing exams like CILS or CELI at the B2 level, especially in the 'produzione scritta' (writing) section where you need to show variety in your word choices.
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At the C1 level, you are expected to use 'precursore' with nuance and precision. You should understand its etymological roots (from the Latin 'praecurrere', to run before) and how this influences its meaning. You should use it to describe complex historical links. For instance, you might analyze how Petrarch was a 'precursore dell'umanesimo' because his focus on the self and classical antiquity paved the way for the Renaissance. At this level, you must use the feminine 'precorritrice' correctly when referring to women. You should also be comfortable using the word in metaphorical and scientific contexts, such as 'precursori sismici' (seismic precursors like small tremors before an earthquake). You can distinguish it from 'anticipatore', 'progenitore', and 'avanguardia'. Your ability to use 'precursore' in an essay about social change or scientific progress will demonstrate a high level of literacy. It's not just about knowing the definition, but about understanding the weight the word carries—it's a tribute to someone's influence on the future. You should also recognize it in fixed phrases like 'precursore dei tempi' (ahead of one's time).
At the C2 level, 'precursore' is a tool for sophisticated rhetorical expression. You use it to weave together historical and conceptual threads. You might discuss the 'precursori letterari' of a specific genre, analyzing how subtle motifs in 18th-century texts were precursori of 20th-century existentialism. You understand the subtle shift in meaning when 'Il Precursore' is used as an epithet for Saint John the Baptist and how that religious history colors the word's usage in Italian culture. You can use it in academic papers, high-level journalism, or legal arguments. You are also aware of its technical applications in fields like biochemistry or seismology without confusion. At this level, you might even use the verb 'precorrere' (e.g., 'L'artista ha precorso i tempi') to complement the noun. You can debate whether a certain figure was a true 'precursore' or merely a 'contemporaneo' who was misunderstood. Your mastery includes knowing when not to use it to avoid sounding pretentious in casual settings. It's about total control over the word's register, gender forms, and historical connotations, allowing you to speak and write with the authority of a native intellectual.
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例句 笔记与提示

precursore 30秒了解

  • Precursore means precursor or forerunner in Italian.
  • It is a C1-level word used in formal and academic contexts.
  • The masculine form is precursore; the feminine is precorritrice.
  • It implies influence and a link to future developments.

The Italian word precursore is a sophisticated noun that translates primarily to 'precursor' or 'forerunner' in English. It belongs to the higher registers of the Italian language, typically appearing in academic, historical, scientific, and artistic contexts. At its core, a precursore is someone or something that precedes a later development, often laying the groundwork or signaling the arrival of what is to come. In the world of art, for instance, a painter might be described as a precursore dell'impressionismo if their technique hinted at the movement before it was formally recognized. In science, a specific discovery might be the precursore of a revolutionary theory. The word carries a sense of visionary importance, suggesting that the subject had the foresight or the characteristics that paved the way for future progress.

Historical Context
In Italian history, Dante Alighieri is often cited as a precursore of the modern Italian language, as his works established the Tuscan dialect as the literary standard long before the country was unified.
Scientific Usage
A precursore chimico is a compound that participates in a chemical reaction that produces another compound. This is a very literal application of the term in laboratory settings.

When you use precursore, you are not just saying someone came first; you are attributing a level of influence or causal connection to them. It is different from 'predecessore' (predecessor), which simply refers to someone who held a position before another. A precursore implies innovation and a link to the future. If a tech company creates a touch-screen device in the 1990s, they are a precursore of the smartphone era. The term is masculine (il precursore), and its feminine counterpart is la precorritrice, although in modern usage, you might occasionally hear la precursore in less formal settings, though it is grammatically less precise.

Giotto è considerato il vero precursore del Rinascimento italiano per il suo uso della prospettiva.

Understanding the nuance of precursore requires looking at the Latin root praecursor, from praecurrere (to run before). This imagery of someone running ahead of the pack to announce arrival or clear the path is essential to the word's Italian soul. It evokes a sense of leadership and temporal priority. Whether discussing a precursore dei tempi (someone ahead of their time) or a precursore di una malattia (a symptom that precedes a disease), the word always points forward from a point in the past.

Questo prototipo è il precursore di tutta la tecnologia indossabile che vediamo oggi.

Artistic Influence
Critics often identify precursori in literature to show how certain themes were explored by minor authors before being perfected by giants like Manzoni or Leopardi.

Using precursore correctly involves placing it within a context of development or chronology. Since it is a noun, it usually follows an article and is often followed by the preposition di (of) to specify what the person or thing is a precursor to. For example, il precursore della modernità (the precursor of modernity). It can function as a subject, an object, or a complement. Because it is a C1-level word, it is rarely used in simple everyday sentences like 'I ate breakfast'; instead, it appears in analytical discussions about history, science, or progress.

Molti studiosi vedono in Epicuro un precursore dell'empirismo moderno.

One common structure is essere il precursore di... (to be the precursor of...). This is used to define the role of a historical figure or a discovery. You can also use it in the plural: i precursori del cinema (the precursors of cinema). When referring to a woman, while precursore is sometimes used as a gender-neutral professional noun in modern Italian, the traditional and more elegant form is precorritrice. For example, Artemisia Gentileschi fu una grande precorritrice del femminismo nell'arte.

Abstract Concepts
The word can also describe abstract signs. 'Questi venti freddi sono i precursori dell'inverno' (These cold winds are the precursors of winter).

In a sentence, you can modify it with adjectives like diretto (direct), inconsapevole (unconscious), or visionario (visionary). This adds depth to the description. Saying someone was an inconsapevole precursore suggests they did something groundbreaking without realizing how much it would change the future. This nuance is vital for C1 learners who want to express complex thoughts about causality and legacy.

L'uso della luce in Caravaggio lo rende un precursore della fotografia.

Finally, consider the use of precursore in medical or biological contexts. In these fields, it refers to a cell or substance from which another is formed. 'Questa cellula è il precursore dei globuli rossi.' Here, the sentence structure remains the same, but the domain changes from humanities to hard science. This versatility is what makes precursore a powerful tool for advanced Italian speakers.

You are most likely to encounter precursore in formal environments. If you are watching a documentary on Rai Cultura or reading an editorial in Corriere della Sera, the word will appear frequently when discussing innovators. It is a staple of Italian intellectual discourse. In university lectures—especially those concerning storia dell'arte, filosofia, or scienze politiche—professors use it to link different eras and thinkers. It creates a narrative of continuity and evolution.

Durante la conferenza, il professore ha definito l'architetto un precursore del design sostenibile.

In the business world, particularly in the startup and tech sectors in Milan or Rome, you might hear it during keynote speeches or product launches. A CEO might claim their company is a precursore di nuove tendenze di mercato (a precursor of new market trends). In this context, it is used to project authority and innovation. Similarly, in journalism, when a famous person passes away, obituaries often describe them as a precursore of their field to emphasize their lasting legacy.

Religious Context
In Italy, 'Il Precursore' (with a capital P) is a common title for Saint John the Baptist (San Giovanni Battista), as he is believed to have preceded and announced Jesus.

You will also find it in legal and political texts. When discussing a law that served as a model for future legislation, it is called a norma precursore (though usually, it stays as a noun phrase: una legge che è stata il precursore di...). It is less common in casual bars or family dinners unless the conversation turns toward a serious topic like the history of a specific invention or a family member who was 'ahead of their time'.

La radio è stata il precursore della televisione e dei moderni podcast.

Finally, in the field of meteorology, weather reports might mention segni precursori of a storm or a heatwave. This technical usage highlights the word's ability to describe natural phenomena that act as warnings or indicators. For a C1 learner, being able to recognize precursore in these diverse settings—from a church in Rome to a science lab in Turin—is a sign of true linguistic integration.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make is confusing precursore with predecessore. While they both refer to things that come before, they are not interchangeable. A predecessore is simply the person who held a job or title before the current person (e.g., 'The previous president'). A precursore is someone who influenced the future through their ideas or actions. If you call your former boss a precursore, you are implying they were a visionary who changed the company forever, which might be more praise than you intended!

Incorrect: Il mio precursore in ufficio era molto gentile. (Unless he invented a new way of working!)

Correct: Il mio predecessore in ufficio era molto gentile.

Another mistake involves gender agreement. As mentioned, the feminine form is precorritrice. Many learners try to say la precursora, which is incorrect and sounds very unnatural to an Italian ear. While la precursore is gaining some ground in very progressive circles, precorritrice remains the standard for formal writing and high-level exams. Using the wrong feminine form can signal a lack of mastery over Italian noun morphology.

False Friend Alert
Do not confuse 'precursore' with 'percorso' (path). They sound similar but have completely different meanings.

Learners also tend to use precursore in contexts that are too informal. You wouldn't say 'The appetizer is the precursore of the main course' during a casual dinner. That would sound overly dramatic or even slightly ridiculous. In that case, antipasto or precedente would be better. Reserve precursore for things that have a significant impact or historical weight.

Incorrect: Questo caffè è il precursore del mio risveglio.

Correct: Questo caffè mi serve per svegliarmi.

Finally, be careful with the plural. The plural of precursore is precursori, and the plural of precorritrice is precorritrici. Mixing these up—for example, saying le precursori—is a common error for those who haven't fully internalized Italian's noun classes. Always double-check your endings when speaking about groups of influential figures.

To truly master precursore, you should know its synonyms and how they differ in nuance. The most common alternative is pioniere (pioneer). While a precursore simply comes before and influences, a pioniere is someone who is the first to enter a new territory or field, often with a sense of struggle or discovery. You might say 'Marconi was a pioniere of the radio' to emphasize his first-time achievement, whereas you'd call him a precursore of modern telecommunications to emphasize the long-term impact.

Precursore vs. Pioniere
Precursore emphasizes chronological and causal priority. Pioniere emphasizes the act of being first and the bravery/innovation involved.
Precursore vs. Antenato
Antenato means ancestor. It is usually used for biological lineage or very old historical links, whereas precursore is more conceptual.
Precursore vs. Avanguardia
Avanguardia (vanguard) refers to a movement or group that is ahead of its time, while precursore usually refers to an individual or a specific event/thing.

Another useful word is anticipatore. This is very close to precursore but focuses specifically on the act of anticipating a future trend. If a writer describes a dystopian future that actually happens, they are an anticipatore of those events. Precursore is slightly more formal and 'heavy' than anticipatore. For something more literal, you might use precedente, which simply means 'previous' or 'preceding,' without any implication of influence or vision.

Sebbene fosse un precursore, non fu mai riconosciuto come un pioniere nel suo campo.

In scientific contexts, you might hear progenitore (progenitor), especially when talking about evolutionary biology or the development of specific technologies. However, progenitore carries a stronger sense of 'parentage' or 'direct origin' than precursore. Choosing between these words depends on whether you want to emphasize the influence (precursore), the first-ness (pioniere), the prediction (anticipatore), or the origin (progenitore).

Finally, for a very high-level literary term, consider prodromo. A prodromo is a sign or symptom that heralds the approach of something else, often used in medicine or to describe the beginning of a political crisis. While a precursore is an entity, a prodromo is often an event or a sign. Mastering these distinctions will elevate your Italian from 'fluent' to 'sophisticated'.

趣味小知识

In ancient Rome, 'praecursores' were specific military units that cleared the way for the main legion. Today, the word has shifted from physical running to intellectual and historical priority.

发音指南

UK /pre.kurˈso.re/
US /pre.kurˈso.re/
The stress is on the penultimate syllable: pre-cur-SO-re.
押韵词
attore amore calore colore dolore errore fiore onore
常见错误
  • Pronouncing the 'r' like an English 'r'.
  • Making the final 'e' silent like in English 'precursor'.
  • Stressing the first syllable.
  • Pronouncing 'u' as 'yu' (it should be 'oo').
  • Confusing it with 'percorso'.
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按水平分级的例句

1

Lui è il precursore di questa idea.

He is the precursor of this idea.

Simple noun usage with 'il'.

2

Questo è un precursore importante.

This is an important precursor.

Using 'un' (indefinite article).

3

Il precursore arriva prima.

The precursor arrives before.

Subject of the sentence.

4

Chi è il precursore?

Who is the precursor?

Interrogative sentence.

5

Lui è un precursore famoso.

He is a famous precursor.

Adjective 'famoso' follows the noun.

6

I precursori sono qui.

The precursors are here.

Plural form 'precursori'.

7

Vedo il precursore del futuro.

I see the precursor of the future.

Object of the verb 'vedere'.

8

Lei è la precorritrice.

She is the (female) precursor.

Feminine form 'precorritrice'.

1

Leonardo fu un precursore del volo.

Leonardo was a precursor of flight.

Passato remoto 'fu' used with the noun.

2

Questo libro è il precursore del romanzo moderno.

This book is the precursor of the modern novel.

Noun phrase with 'del' (di + il).

3

Molti scienziati sono precursori di nuove scoperte.

Many scientists are precursors of new discoveries.

Plural agreement.

4

La radio è stata il precursore della TV.

The radio was the precursor of the TV.

Passato prossimo 'è stata'.

5

Incontriamo il precursore della medicina.

We meet the precursor of medicine.

Direct object.

6

L'arte greca è il precursore dell'arte romana.

Greek art is the precursor of Roman art.

Comparison of historical periods.

7

Lei è una precorritrice nel suo lavoro.

She is a pioneer/precursor in her work.

Feminine indefinite article 'una'.

8

Questi segni sono precursori della pioggia.

These signs are precursors of rain.

Metaphorical/Natural usage.

1

Dante è considerato il precursore della lingua italiana.

Dante is considered the precursor of the Italian language.

Passive construction 'è considerato'.

2

Il telegrafo fu il precursore tecnologico di Internet.

The telegraph was the technological precursor of the Internet.

Adjective 'tecnologico' modifying the noun.

3

Dobbiamo studiare i precursori del Rinascimento.

We must study the precursors of the Renaissance.

Modal verb 'dobbiamo' + infinitive.

4

Quella legge è stata un precursore dei diritti civili.

That law was a precursor to civil rights.

Abstract usage.

5

Lei è stata una precorritrice della moda sostenibile.

She was a precursor of sustainable fashion.

Feminine form 'precorritrice'.

6

I precursori chimici sono necessari per la reazione.

Chemical precursors are necessary for the reaction.

Scientific terminology.

7

Il film muto è il precursore del cinema sonoro.

Silent film is the precursor of sound cinema.

Historical evolution.

8

Lui agisce come un precursore dei tempi.

He acts like someone ahead of his time.

Idiomatic expression 'precursore dei tempi'.

1

Il futurismo fu un precursore di molte correnti artistiche moderne.

Futurism was a precursor to many modern artistic currents.

Historical movement description.

2

Le piccole scosse possono essere precursori di un terremoto.

Small tremors can be precursors of an earthquake.

Plural noun in scientific context.

3

Maria Montessori fu una precorritrice dell'educazione moderna.

Maria Montessori was a precursor of modern education.

Feminine form 'precorritrice' used for a famous figure.

4

L'alchimia è spesso vista come il precursore della chimica.

Alchemy is often seen as the precursor of chemistry.

Passive 'vista come'.

5

I precursori del jazz si trovano nei canti degli schiavi.

The precursors of jazz are found in slave songs.

Plural subject with 'si trovano'.

6

Questo prototipo è il precursore della nostra linea di prodotti.

This prototype is the precursor to our product line.

Business/Design context.

7

Non tutti i precursori ricevono il merito che meritano.

Not all precursors receive the credit they deserve.

Relative clause 'che meritano'.

8

Il precursore ha aperto la strada a nuove possibilità.

The precursor paved the way for new possibilities.

Metaphorical action.

1

Vico è considerato un precursore della moderna filosofia della storia.

Vico is considered a precursor of the modern philosophy of history.

Academic register.

2

L'opera di Joyce è un precursore del postmodernismo letterario.

Joyce's work is a precursor to literary postmodernism.

Literary analysis.

3

Identificare i precursori di una crisi economica è fondamentale.

Identifying the precursors of an economic crisis is fundamental.

Gerund/Infinitive subject 'Identificare'.

4

La precorritrice del movimento suffragista fu molto coraggiosa.

The (female) precursor of the suffragette movement was very brave.

Precise feminine form.

5

Questi enzimi agiscono come precursori metabolici.

These enzymes act as metabolic precursors.

Scientific adjective 'metabolici'.

6

Il pensiero di Nietzsche è stato un precursore dell'esistenzialismo.

Nietzsche's thought was a precursor to existentialism.

Intellectual history.

7

Senza questi precursori, la rivoluzione non sarebbe mai avvenuta.

Without these precursors, the revolution would never have happened.

Conditional mood 'sarebbe avvenuta'.

8

Egli fu un precursore dei tempi, incompreso dai suoi contemporanei.

He was ahead of his time, misunderstood by his contemporaries.

Sophisticated descriptive phrase.

1

L'analisi dei precursori sismici rimane una sfida per la geofisica.

The analysis of seismic precursors remains a challenge for geophysics.

Highly technical register.

2

Machiavelli è spesso additato come il precursore della realpolitik.

Machiavelli is often pointed out as the precursor of realpolitik.

Verb 'additare' (to point out/label).

3

La precorritrice della bioetica moderna ha sollevato questioni cruciali.

The (female) precursor of modern bioethics raised crucial questions.

Complex subject and object.

4

I precursori del simbolismo si rintracciano nella poesia romantica.

The precursors of symbolism can be traced back to Romantic poetry.

Reflexive 'si rintracciano' (can be traced).

5

Certi sintomi sono chiari precursori di patologie neurodegenerative.

Certain symptoms are clear precursors of neurodegenerative pathologies.

Medical terminology.

6

Il concetto di atomo in Democrito è il precursore della fisica atomica.

The concept of the atom in Democritus is the precursor of atomic physics.

Philosophical/Scientific link.

7

Egli incarna la figura del precursore tragico, che semina senza raccogliere.

He embodies the figure of the tragic precursor, who sows without reaping.

Literary metaphor.

8

L'integrazione europea ha avuto i suoi precursori nei pensatori federalisti.

European integration had its precursors in federalist thinkers.

Political history.

常见搭配

precursore dei tempi
precursore chimico
segno precursore
precursore sismico
grande precursore
precursore della modernità
precursore incompreso
precursore diretto
precursore di tendenze
precursore metabolico

常用短语

Agire da precursore

— To act as a pioneer or someone who leads the way.

L'azienda ha agito da precursore nel settore del biologico.

Essere considerato il precursore di

— To be widely recognized as the originator of an idea.

Lui è considerato il precursore del cubismo.

Senza precursori

— Something completely new that has no previous examples.

Questa invenzione sembra nata senza precursori.

I precursori della rivoluzione

— The people who laid the intellectual groundwork for a revolution.

Gli illuministi furono i precursori della rivoluzione francese.

Un precursore visionario

— A person who saw the future before anyone else.

Tesla era un precursore visionario dell'elettricità.

Segnali precursori di crisi

— Early warning signs that a crisis is coming.

Dobbiamo monitorare i segnali precursori di crisi finanziaria.

Il precursore per eccellenza

— The ultimate or most famous example of a precursor.

Dante è il precursore per eccellenza della nostra letteratura.

Un precursore nel campo di

— Someone who was ahead of their time in a specific area.

Era un precursore nel campo della genetica.

Delineare i precursori

— To identify and describe the things that came before.

Il saggio delinea i precursori del pensiero moderno.

Il ruolo di precursore

— The function or position of being a forerunner.

Non è facile assumere il ruolo di precursore.

习语与表达

"Precorrere i tempi"

— To be ahead of one's time; to do or think something before it becomes common.

Quel pittore ha precorso i tempi con il suo stile astratto.

formal
"Il Precursore"

— Referring specifically to Saint John the Baptist in a religious context.

San Giovanni è chiamato il Precursore.

religious
"Fare da precursore"

— To serve as a model or pioneer for what follows.

La sua ricerca ha fatto da precursore a molti altri studi.

neutral
"Segno precursore"

— A harbinger or early warning sign of something to come.

Quel silenzio era un segno precursore della tempesta.

neutral
"In veste di precursore"

— Acting in the capacity or role of a precursor.

Si è presentato in veste di precursore della nuova tecnologia.

formal
"Essere un precursore nato"

— To be someone who naturally innovates or leads.

Mio nonno era un precursore nato, inventava sempre qualcosa.

neutral
"Un precursore di sventura"

— A harbinger of misfortune (rare, usually 'uccello di malaugurio').

Non voleva essere un precursore di sventura, ma disse la verità.

literary
"Cercare i precursori"

— To look for the origins or early signs of a phenomenon.

Gli storici cercano i precursori della democrazia nell'antica Grecia.

academic
"Senza un precursore"

— Spontaneously; without any prior influence.

L'idea è nata senza un precursore evidente.

formal
"Un precursore dello spirito"

— Someone who influences the intellectual or spiritual climate before a change.

Fu un precursore dello spirito romantico.

literary

词族

名词

precursore
precorritrice
precorrimento

动词

precorrere

形容词

precorritore

相关

corso
correre
percorso
soccorso
concorso
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记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a 'Pre-Cursor'. Before the cursor on a computer screen moves, someone had to invent the mouse. That inventor is the precursore.

视觉联想

Imagine a runner in ancient Roman gear running ahead of a huge crowd, holding a torch to light the way. That is the 'precursore'.

词源

Derived from the Latin 'praecursor', which is composed of 'prae' (before) and 'cursor' (runner), from the verb 'currere' (to run). It literally means 'one who runs before'.

原始含义： A scout or someone sent ahead of an army to announce arrival or gather information.

Romance (Latin root).
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