A2 adjective 中性 #4,000 最常用 2分钟阅读

만성적이다

manseongjeogida mansŏngjŏgida
开始练习

Overview

The Korean word '만성적이다' (manseongjeogida) is a descriptive adjective that translates to 'to be chronic' or 'to be long-lasting.' It is primarily used to describe conditions, particularly illnesses or problems, that persist over a prolonged period rather than being acute or sudden.

Let's break down its components and usage:

  • 만성 (manseong): This is a Sino-Korean word meaning 'chronic.' It's derived from the Chinese characters 慢 (man), meaning 'slow' or 'leisurely,' and 性 (seong), meaning 'nature' or 'character.' Together, they convey the idea of something developing slowly and lasting for a long time.
  • 적 (jeok): This is a suffix that turns nouns into adjectives, indicating a characteristic or tendency. So, '만성적' means 'chronic in nature' or 'having a chronic characteristic.'
  • 이다 (ida): This is the Korean copula, meaning 'to be' or 'is/are.' When attached to '만성적,' it forms the descriptive adjective '만성적이다,' meaning 'to be chronic.'

Usage and Nuances:

  1. 1Medical Context: Its most common application is in a medical context to describe diseases or conditions. For example:
  • 만성 질환 (manseong jilhwan): chronic disease
  • 만성 통증 (manseong tongjeung): chronic pain
  • 만성 피로 (manseong piro): chronic fatigue
  • 그는 만성 기침을 앓고 있습니다. (Geuneun manseong gichimeul alkko itseupnida.) - He suffers from a chronic cough.
  1. 1General Problems/Issues: Beyond medicine, '만성적이다' can also describe persistent problems or states in other areas:
  • 만성적인 문제 (manseongjeogin munje): a chronic problem/issue
  • 그 회사는 만성적인 적자에 시달리고 있다. (Geu hoesaneun manseongjeogin jeokjae sidalligo itda.) - That company is suffering from chronic deficits.
  • 만성적인 교통 체증 (manseongjeogin gyotong chejeung): chronic traffic congestion
  1. 1Contrast with '급성적이다' (geupseongjeogida): '만성적이다' is often contrasted with '급성적이다' (to be acute or sudden). While '만성적이다' implies a gradual onset and long duration, '급성적이다' refers to something that appears suddenly and is typically short-lived but intense.
  1. 1Conjugation: Like other descriptive adjectives, '만성적이다' can be conjugated into various forms depending on formality and tense. For instance:
  • Present formal polite: 만성적입니다 (manseongjeogimnida)
  • Present informal polite: 만성적이에요 (manseongjeogieyo)
  • Past tense: 만성적이었다 (manseongjeogieotda)
  • Adverbial form (to describe a verb): 만성적으로 (manseongjeogeuro) - chronically

In essence, '만성적이다' emphasizes the enduring and long-term nature of a state or condition, suggesting a persistent presence over time.

例句

1

그는 만성적인 질병으로 고통받고 있습니다.

health

He is suffering from a chronic illness.

2

만성적인 피로는 일상생활에 큰 영향을 미칩니다.

health

Chronic fatigue greatly affects daily life.

3

이 지역은 만성적인 물 부족에 시달리고 있습니다.

environment

This region is suffering from a chronic water shortage.

4

그 문제는 만성적인 사회 문제로 남아 있습니다.

society

That problem remains a chronic social issue.

5

만성적인 실업은 경제 성장을 저해합니다.

economy

Chronic unemployment hinders economic growth.

常见搭配

만성적인 통증
만성적인 질병
만성적인 피로
만성적인 문제

容易混淆的词

만성적이다 对比 만성

만성 is a noun meaning 'chronic' or 'chronicity', while 만성적이다 is an adjective meaning 'to be chronic'.

语法模式

만성적인 + noun (e.g., 만성적인 질병 - chronic disease) verb + 게 만성적이다 (e.g., 피곤하게 만성적이다 - to be chronically tired) noun + 이/가 만성적이다 (e.g., 문제가 만성적이다 - the problem is chronic)

如何使用

使用说明

'만성적이다' (manseongjeogida) is an adjective primarily used to describe something that is chronic, long-lasting, or persistent. It is most commonly applied to illnesses or health conditions, such as '만성적인 질병' (manseongjeogin jilbyeong - chronic disease) or '만성적인 통증' (manseongjeogin tongjeung - chronic pain). However, its usage is not limited to medical contexts. It can also describe ongoing problems, situations, or even habits. For example, '만성적인 피로' (manseongjeogin piro - chronic fatigue) or '만성적인 경제 침체' (manseongjeogin gyeongje chimche - chronic economic recession). When using this word, it implies a duration that is significant and often suggests a difficulty in resolution or a recurring nature. It can be used formally in medical or academic settings, as well as in more casual conversation to describe persistent issues in daily life. It is often followed by a noun that it modifies, taking the form '만성적인 [noun].'

常见错误

A common mistake might be confusing this with terms that simply mean 'old' or 'duration.' While '만성적이다' implies a long duration, its core meaning is about a condition being chronic or persistent, often in a negative sense like an illness or a problem. It's not typically used to describe things that are just 'old' in a neutral way, like an old chair, or to describe a short period of time. For example, you wouldn't say '만성적인 의자' (manseongjeogin uija) for an old chair. Instead, you'd use words like '오래된' (oraedoen) meaning 'old' or 'aged.' Also, make sure to use it as an adjective describing a noun, or as a verb with the '-이다' (ida) ending, rather than incorrectly trying to use it as a standalone noun for 'chronicity.' The word itself already conveys the 'to be chronic' idea.

小贴士

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Usage Tips

'만성적이다' (manseongjeogida) describes something as chronic or long-lasting. It is frequently used in medical contexts to describe illnesses or conditions that persist over a long period. Beyond health, it can also describe problems or situations that are habitually occurring or difficult to resolve, indicating a deep-rooted or persistent nature. It’s important to note that while it literally means 'to be chronic,' in general usage, it often carries a connotation of being problematic or undesirable due to its persistence.

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Common Pitfalls

A common pitfall is overusing '만성적이다' for temporary or short-term issues. This word specifically denotes a long-lasting or chronic nature, so applying it to transient problems would be inaccurate. Another mistake is to use it for positive, long-term states; it generally carries a negative or neutral-to-negative connotation, particularly when describing problems. Ensure the context truly implies a persistent, often difficult, or ingrained situation before using it. For example, you wouldn't typically describe a 'long-term friendship' as '만성적인 우정' (manseongjeogin ujeong) because friendship is usually viewed positively.

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Contextual Nuances

In a medical context, '만성적이다' clearly refers to chronic diseases (e.g., 만성 질환 - chronic disease). In social or economic contexts, it can describe persistent problems like '만성적인 실업' (manseongjeogin sireop - chronic unemployment) or '만성적인 적자' (manseongjeogin jeokja - chronic deficit). When applied to personal habits or characteristics, it can describe something deeply ingrained, such as '만성적인 게으름' (manseongjeogin geeureum - chronic laziness). The nuance here is that while 'long-lasting' is the core meaning, the specific context often adds a layer of difficulty, negativity, or ingrained nature to the persistence.

词源

The Korean word '만성적이다' (manseongjeogida) is composed of two main parts: '만성' (manseong) and the adjectival suffix '적이다' (-jeogida). '만성' (manseong) itself is a Sino-Korean word, derived from Chinese characters. The character '만' (萬) means 'ten thousand' or 'all/every', and '성' (性) means 'nature', 'character', or 'tendency'. In this context, '만성' is often used to denote something that is long-standing, habitual, or chronic. It is frequently seen in medical terminology, directly translating to 'chronic' in many compounds like '만성 질환' (manseong jilhwan, 'chronic disease'). The concept of 'ten thousand natures' can be interpreted as something that has been present for a very long time, as if through countless transformations or occurrences, thus becoming deeply ingrained or long-lasting. The suffix '적이다' (-jeogida) is a common Korean adjectival suffix that transforms a noun or a Sino-Korean word into an adjective, meaning 'to be ~-like', 'to be ~-ish', or 'to be characteristic of ~'. It effectively describes the quality or nature of the preceding word. For instance, '과학적이다' (gwahak-jeogida) means 'to be scientific', and '객관적이다' (gaekgwan-jeogida) means 'to be objective'. Therefore, when '만성' (chronic/long-standing) is combined with '적이다' (to be ~-like), '만성적이다' literally means 'to be chronic-like' or 'to have a chronic nature', which translates to 'to be chronic' or 'to be long-lasting' in English. The word emphasizes the prolonged and persistent nature of a condition, often an undesirable one like an illness or a problem. Its use in modern Korean maintains this medical and general sense of protracted existence.

文化背景

The concept of '만성적이다' (manseongjeogida) in Korean culture often extends beyond just medical conditions. While it directly translates to 'to be chronic' or 'long-lasting,' its usage frequently carries a nuance of something being deeply ingrained, persistent, or a recurring issue within a broader context. For instance, '만성적인 문제' (manseongjeogin munje) refers to a chronic problem, implying it's not a temporary setback but rather a deeply rooted issue that has persisted for a long time. This can apply to societal issues, economic challenges, or even personal habits. There's an underlying recognition in Korean culture that some problems aren't easily solved and require sustained effort due to their chronic nature. This word can also subtly imply a sense of resignation or frustration with enduring issues, reflecting a cultural understanding of resilience and perseverance in the face of long-term difficulties.

记忆技巧

만성적이다 (manseongjeogida) sounds a bit like 'man, it's so long!' Imagine someone complaining about a chronic illness that feels like it's been going on forever. The '만' (man) part can also remind you of '만성' (manseong) which directly translates to 'chronic.'

常见问题

4 个问题

'만성적이다' (manseongjeogida) is a Korean adjective that translates to 'to be chronic' or 'to be long-lasting' in English. It is often used to describe conditions, particularly illnesses, that persist over an extended period. For instance, you might use it to talk about a chronic disease, a long-term problem, or a persistent habit. The word emphasizes the duration and ongoing nature of something rather than its severity or acuteness. Understanding this nuance is key to using it correctly in context.

'만성적이다' is commonly used to describe health conditions, economic issues, or social problems that are persistent. For example, '만성적인 질병' (manseongjeogin jilbyeong) means 'a chronic illness.' Another usage could be '만성적인 문제' (manseongjeogin munje), which translates to 'a chronic problem.' It functions like an adjective, modifying nouns to indicate their prolonged or enduring nature. You can also conjugate it into various forms depending on the grammatical structure of the sentence, such as '만성적으로' (manseongjeogeuro) for 'chronically'.

Certainly! A common example is: '그는 만성적인 두통에 시달리고 있습니다.' (Geuneun manseongjeogin dutonge sidalligo itseumnida.) This sentence translates to: 'He is suffering from chronic headaches.' Here, '만성적인' (manseongjeogin) modifies '두통' (dutong), meaning 'headache,' to specify that the headaches are chronic or long-lasting. This clearly illustrates how the word is used to describe a persistent health issue. It emphasizes the ongoing nature of the condition rather than a temporary or acute symptom.

While '만성적이다' specifically means 'chronic' or 'long-lasting,' some related terms might include '지속적이다' (jisokjeogida), which means 'to be continuous' or 'to be sustained,' and '장기적이다' (janggijeogida), meaning 'to be long-term.' However, '만성적이다' carries a stronger connotation of a persistent, often problematic, condition, particularly in medical contexts. '지속적이다' is more neutral in implying continuity, and '장기적이다' focuses on the duration without necessarily implying chronicity in the same way. The choice depends on the specific nuance you wish to convey.

自我测试

fill blank

그 병은 _____. (The illness is chronic.)

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
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그의 게으름은 _____. (His laziness is chronic.)

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
fill blank

이 지역의 가난은 _____. (The poverty in this region is chronic.)

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：

得分： /3

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