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A2 adjective 8分钟阅读

단순하다

dansunhada
例句 단순하다 30秒了解
解析 단순하다 in your Level:
At the A1 level, you can think of 단순하다 as a basic word to describe things that are not 'hard' or 'busy.' While you might first learn '쉽다' (easy), '단순하다' is useful for talking about things like a 'simple drawing' or a 'simple game.' At this stage, focus on using it in its most basic forms: '단순해요' (It is simple) and '단순한' (simple [noun]). You can use it to describe your hobbies or things you see. For example, '이 게임은 단순해요' (This game is simple). It helps you describe the world around you in a basic way without needing complex grammar. You might also hear it when people talk about food or clothes. Just remember that it means there aren't many parts or colors or details. It is a very helpful word for building your first descriptive sentences in Korean. Try to practice it by looking at objects in your room and deciding if they are '단순해요' or '복잡해요' (complex/busy). This will help you get used to the feeling of the word in real-life situations.
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For A2 learners, 단순하다 becomes a key part of your descriptive vocabulary. You should start to see the difference between 'simple' as in 'easy' (간단하다) and 'simple' as in 'uncomplicated structure' (단순하다). At this level, you can use it to describe people's personalities in a friendly way. For example, '제 친구는 성격이 단순해요' (My friend has a simple/straightforward personality). You can also use the adverb form '단순하게' to give simple instructions or advice, like '단순하게 생각하세요' (Think simply). You will encounter this word in reading passages about daily life, hobbies, and basic problem-solving. It's important to practice the negative form '단순하지 않다' (to not be simple) because it's a very natural way to express that a situation is more involved than you thought. You should also be able to use the connecting form '단순하고' (simple and...) to link descriptions together, such as '단순하고 예뻐요' (It's simple and pretty).
At the B1 level, you should begin to explore the nuanced meanings of 단순하다. You will notice that in more complex conversations, this word can be used to describe logic, theories, and social phenomena. For instance, you might hear someone say '단순한 문제가 아니에요' (It's not a simple problem), implying that there are deep social or emotional factors at play. You should also become comfortable with the noun form '단순성' (simplicity) and how it's used in contexts like '단순성의 원리' (the principle of simplicity). This is also the stage where you should be careful with the potential negative connotations when describing people. Understand that calling someone '단순하다' can be a way of saying they are 'thoughtless' if used in a critical context. You will see this word frequently in news articles or essays discussing modern lifestyle trends, such as minimalism or the 'simple life' movement. Practice using the word to explain your opinions on design, technology, or even political issues that you believe are being over-complicated by others.
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B2 learners should have a firm grasp of the stylistic and rhetorical uses of 단순하다. You can use it to critique arguments or to simplify complex data. For example, in a debate, you might say, '그 논리는 너무 단순해서 현실을 반영하지 못합니다' (That logic is too simple/reductive, so it fails to reflect reality). Here, '단순하다' takes on a slightly more technical or critical tone. You should also be able to distinguish it from more formal synonyms like '간결하다' (concise) or '명료하다' (clear). In literature or advanced reading, you might see '단순' used as a prefix in words like '단순 노동' (simple/unskilled labor) or '단순 변심' (a simple change of heart). These are fixed expressions that you should begin to memorize. You should also be able to use the word to discuss abstract concepts, such as the beauty of simplicity in art or the necessity of simple solutions in engineering. Your ability to use '단순하게' as a transition or a summarizing tool in your speech will also improve your naturalness in Korean.
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At the C1 level, your understanding of 단순하다 should include its philosophical and psychological implications. You might study texts that discuss the '단순함의 미학' (the aesthetics of simplicity) or the psychological benefits of a '단순한 삶' in a hyper-complex society. You should be able to use the word in high-level discussions about policy, science, or philosophy, where '단순하다' might refer to Occam's Razor or the elegance of a mathematical proof. At this level, you should also be sensitive to the subtle sarcasm or irony that can be conveyed with this word. For instance, calling a complex geopolitical situation '단순하다' could be a way of being dismissive or highlighting a single overlooked truth. You should also master the use of related Hanja-based words like '단순화하다' (to simplify/generalize) and '단순명료하다' (to be simple and clear). Your usage should move beyond basic description and into the realm of nuanced analysis and sophisticated expression.
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For C2 learners, 단순하다 is a tool for precision and rhetorical flair. You understand that in the highest levels of discourse, simplicity is often the ultimate sophistication. You can use the word to discuss the interplay between complexity and simplicity in systems theory, linguistics, or classical literature. You are aware of the historical evolution of the word and its Hanja roots, and you can explain these to others. You can use '단순하다' in creative writing to evoke a specific mood—perhaps a nostalgic or Zen-like atmosphere. You are also fully aware of the sociolinguistic implications of the word, such as how it might be used in different Korean dialects or how its usage has changed with the rise of digital culture. At this level, you don't just use the word; you can play with its meanings, using it to build metaphors or to deconstruct complex ideas in a way that is both profound and accessible. You can also perfectly navigate the fine line between 'simple' as a virtue and 'simple' as a deficiency in any formal or informal setting.
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例句

단순하다 30秒了解

  • 단순하다 means 'to be simple' or 'uncomplicated,' coming from Hanja for 'single' and 'pure.' It is used for design, logic, and human personality.
  • It is a descriptive verb (adjective) in Korean, meaning it conjugates like a verb (단순해요) and uses the form 단순한 to modify nouns.
  • While often positive (meaning clean or honest), calling a person 단순하다 can sometimes imply they are naive or lack deep thinking depending on context.
  • It differs from 간단하다 (brief/easy) by focusing more on the internal structure or nature of something rather than the effort or time required.

The Korean word 단순하다 (dansun-hada) is a versatile adjective primarily translated as 'to be simple' or 'to be uncomplicated.' At its core, it describes something that lacks complexity, consisting of few parts or involving few steps. It is derived from the Hanja characters 單 (단 - single/only) and 純 (순 - pure/unmixed). This etymological root suggests a state that is 'singly pure,' free from the clutter of unnecessary additions or intricate layers. In the Korean language, this word is used across a vast spectrum of contexts, ranging from physical design and mathematical problems to human personality traits and logical arguments. When you describe a design as 단순하다, you are highlighting its minimalism and clean lines. When you describe a plan as 단순하다, you are suggesting it is straightforward and easy to execute without many moving parts. However, the nuance can shift depending on the subject. While a simple design is often praised, calling a person's thinking '단순하다' can sometimes carry a subtle double meaning—it could mean they are refreshingly honest and uncomplicated, or it could imply they are a bit naive or lacking in depth. Understanding this balance is key to mastering the word.

Design and Aesthetics
In the world of art and architecture, '단순하다' refers to a minimalist approach where the focus is on the essence rather than the ornament. It is the opposite of '화려하다' (splendid/ornate).
Logic and Problems
When a mathematical equation or a logical puzzle is described as '단순하다', it means the solution is obvious or the structure is not convoluted. It is the direct antonym of '복잡하다' (complex).
Human Personality
Describing a person as '단순하다' suggests they wear their heart on their sleeve. They don't have hidden motives or 'black thoughts' (검은 생각). They are straightforward and perhaps a bit predictable.

이 기계의 사용법은 아주 단순하다. (The way to use this machine is very simple.)

그는 생각이 단순해서 거짓말을 못 한다. (He is simple-minded, so he cannot lie.)

이 옷은 디자인이 단순하지만 세련되었다. (This clothing has a simple design but is sophisticated.)

문제가 생각보다 단순하지 않아요. (The problem is not as simple as I thought.)

우리는 단순한 삶을 살기로 했다. (We decided to live a simple life.)

Using 단순하다 correctly requires an understanding of its adjective status in Korean grammar. Unlike English, where 'simple' is an adjective that usually precedes a noun or follows a linking verb, Korean adjectives (descriptive verbs) conjugate just like verbs. To say 'It is simple,' you would use the base form conjugated for the appropriate level of politeness: 단순해요 (polite), 단순합니다 (formal), or 단순해 (informal). When you want to use it to modify a noun directly, you must change it to the attributive form 단순한. For example, 'a simple reason' becomes 단순한 이유. It is also common to see the adverbial form 단순하게, which means 'simply.' This is used when you want to describe an action, such as 'Think simply' (단순하게 생각해). The versatility of this word allows it to be used in negative constructions as well, such as 단순하지 않다 (to not be simple), which is frequently used when someone realizes a situation is more complicated than it first appeared. In academic or technical writing, you might encounter the noun form 단순성 (simplicity), often discussed in the context of efficiency or user interface design.

Noun Modification
Structure: [단순한] + [Noun]. Example: 단순한 구조 (simple structure), 단순한 진리 (simple truth).
Describing an Action
Structure: [단순하게] + [Verb]. Example: 단순하게 설명하다 (to explain simply), 단순하게 살다 (to live simply).
Ending a Sentence
Structure: [Subject] + [단순하다] conjugated. Example: 계획이 단순해요 (The plan is simple).

그녀는 단순한 실수를 저질렀다. (She made a simple mistake.)

복잡한 문제는 단순하게 생각하는 것이 좋다. (It is good to think about complex problems simply.)

이 게임은 규칙이 매우 단순하다. (This game's rules are very simple.)

그저 단순한 호기심 때문에 시작했다. (I started just because of simple curiosity.)

이 요리는 재료가 단순해서 만들기 쉽다. (This dish is easy to make because the ingredients are simple.)

In daily Korean life, 단순하다 is heard everywhere from the workplace to casual conversations among friends. In a professional setting, a manager might criticize a report for being 'too simple' (너무 단순하다), implying it lacks necessary detail, or they might praise a new workflow for being 'simple and efficient' (단순하고 효율적이다). In the tech-savvy culture of South Korea, you will frequently hear this word in reviews of apps or gadgets. Users often prefer '단순한 인터페이스' (simple interfaces) that are intuitive to use. In the realm of K-Dramas and variety shows, you'll often hear characters described as '단순한 사람' (a simple person). This is frequently used for the 'lovable fool' archetype—someone who is easily swayed by food, easily cheered up, and doesn't hold grudges because their emotional world is not complex. You might also hear it in the context of fashion, where '단순한 스타일' refers to a classic, unpretentious look, often associated with the 'normcore' trend. In educational settings, teachers use it to encourage students not to overthink: '문제를 너무 복잡하게 보지 말고 단순하게 생각해 보세요' (Don't look at the problem too complexly; try thinking simply). Finally, in the culinary world, '단순한 맛' (simple taste) can be a high compliment for traditional Korean dishes that rely on the natural flavors of high-quality ingredients rather than heavy seasoning.

Tech and Gadgets
Hearing: '이 앱은 기능이 단순해서 쓰기 편해요.' (This app is easy to use because its functions are simple.)
Relationships
Hearing: '그 사람은 성격이 정말 단순해.' (That person has a really simple personality.)
Fashion/Lifestyle
Hearing: '요즘은 단순한 디자인이 유행이에요.' (Simple designs are in fashion these days.)

이 기계는 조작법이 단순해서 어르신들도 쓰기 좋아요. (This machine is easy for seniors to use because the operation is simple.)

그냥 단순하게 '예' 아니면 '아니오'로 대답해 주세요. (Please just answer simply with 'yes' or 'no'.)

One of the most common pitfalls for English speakers learning Korean is the confusion between 단순하다 and 간단하다. While both are translated as 'simple,' they are used differently. '간단하다' often implies that something is 'easy' or 'brief.' For instance, a 'simple meal' is usually 간단한 식사 (meaning it's quick to prepare or eat), while a 'simple design' is 단순한 디자인 (referring to its visual structure). If you use '단순하다' to describe a meeting that was short, it might sound like you are saying the meeting was 'primitive' or 'not complex in its logic,' rather than just being brief. Another mistake involves using '단순하다' to describe a person. In English, calling someone 'simple' is almost always an insult. In Korean, it can be a compliment meaning 'honest and easygoing,' but it can also be a slight toward their intelligence. Context is vital here. If you say someone is 단순해서 좋다 (I like them because they are simple), it's positive. If you say 머리가 단순하다 (their head is simple), it's definitely an insult. Additionally, learners often forget to use the attributive form 단순한 when modifying nouns, incorrectly using the base form 단순하다 in the middle of a sentence.

단순하다 vs. 간단하다
Use '단순하다' for structure, logic, and complexity. Use '간단하다' for brevity, ease, and speed.
Describing People
Be careful! '단순하다' can mean 'honest' or 'naive/simple-minded'. Pair it with positive words to ensure your meaning is clear.

[Wrong] 단순하다 숙제를 끝냈어요. (X) -> [Correct] 간단한 숙제를 끝냈어요. (O)

[Wrong] 단순하다 질문이 있어요. (X) -> [Correct] 단순한 질문이 있어요. (O)

To enrich your Korean vocabulary, it's helpful to know words that share a semantic space with 단순하다. While '단순하다' is the most common all-purpose word for 'simple,' other words provide more specific nuances. For example, 간결하다 (gangyeol-hada) is often used for writing or speech that is 'concise' and 'succinct.' It implies that something is simple but in a very polished, efficient way. Another alternative is 소박하다 (sobak-hada), which translates to 'simple' in the sense of being 'plain,' 'humble,' or 'unaffected.' This is frequently used to describe a person's lifestyle, a meal, or a dream that isn't greedy or flashy. If you want to emphasize that something is 'clear and obvious,' you might use 명료하다 (myeongnyo-hada). In mathematical or scientific contexts, 단일하다 (danil-hada) is used to mean 'single' or 'unitary.' Understanding these distinctions allows you to choose the word that best fits the 'flavor' of simplicity you are trying to convey. For instance, a 'simple life' could be '단순한 삶' (uncomplicated) or '소박한 삶' (humble/plain), depending on whether you are focusing on the lack of stress or the lack of luxury.

단순하다 vs. 간결하다
'단순하다' is a general lack of complexity. '간결하다' is simplicity for the sake of clarity and brevity (often in literature or design).
단순하다 vs. 소박하다
'단순하다' is structural. '소박하다' is emotional and lifestyle-oriented, often carrying a positive, humble connotation.
단순하다 vs. 쉽다
'단순하다' means not complex. '쉽다' means not difficult. A task can be simple (단순하다) but hard to do (어렵다), like running a marathon.

그의 문체는 간결하고 힘이 있다. (His writing style is concise and powerful.)

시골에서의 소박한 생활이 그립다. (I miss the simple/humble life in the countryside.)

그의 주장은 매우 명료하다. (His argument is very clear/lucid.)

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按水平分级的例句

1

이 책은 아주 단순해요.

This book is very simple.

Basic adjective conjugation: 단순하다 -> 단순해요.

2

단순한 게임을 좋아해요.

I like simple games.

Attributive form: 단순한 + noun.

3

그림이 정말 단순해요.

The drawing is really simple.

Adjective describing a noun subject.

4

이름이 단순해서 좋아요.

I like it because the name is simple.

-아/어서 ending meaning 'because'.

5

단순하게 말해 주세요.

Please speak simply.

Adverbial form: 단순하게.

6

그녀는 단순한 옷을 입어요.

She wears simple clothes.

단순한 modifying '옷'.

7

이 문제는 단순하지 않아요.

This problem is not simple.

Negative form: -지 않다.

8

단순한 것이 최고예요.

Simple things are the best.

-는 것 (nominalizer) + 이 (subject particle).

1

그의 성격은 참 단순해요.

His personality is quite simple/straightforward.

Describing a person's trait.

2

단순한 실수를 하지 마세요.

Don't make simple mistakes.

Imperative negative: -지 마세요.

3

이 기계는 사용법이 단순합니다.

The usage of this machine is simple.

Formal polite ending: -습니다.

4

단순하게 생각하면 쉬워요.

It's easy if you think simply.

Conditional ending: -(으)면.

5

우리는 단순한 이유로 싸웠어요.

We fought for a simple reason.

Past tense: -았/었-.

6

디자인이 단순하고 깔끔해요.

The design is simple and clean.

Connecting particle: -고.

7

이 요리는 아주 단순한 재료로 만들어요.

This dish is made with very simple ingredients.

Instrumental particle: -(으)로.

8

단순한 삶을 살고 싶어요.

I want to live a simple life.

Desire ending: -고 싶다.

1

단순히 돈 때문이 아니에요.

It's not simply because of money.

Adverb '단순히' used as 'merely'.

2

문제가 생각보다 단순하지 않더라고요.

I found that the problem wasn't as simple as I thought.

Retrospective ending: -더라고요.

3

그는 너무 단순해서 속이기 쉬워요.

He is so simple that he is easy to trick.

Causative ending: -아서/어서.

4

단순한 논리로는 설명할 수 없습니다.

It cannot be explained with simple logic.

Ability negative: -(으)ㄹ 수 없다.

5

이 앱의 장점은 단순함입니다.

The strength of this app is its simplicity.

Noun form: 단순함.

6

단순한 호기심이 큰 발견으로 이어졌다.

Simple curiosity led to a great discovery.

Past tense in written style.

7

아이들은 어른들보다 생각이 단순해요.

Children have simpler thoughts than adults.

Comparative particle: -보다.

8

단순하게 살기로 결심했어요.

I decided to live simply.

Decision ending: -기로 하다.

1

복잡한 현상을 단순하게 도식화했다.

A complex phenomenon was simplified into a diagram.

Noun + 화하다 (to turn into/make).

2

단순한 수치만으로는 상황을 파악하기 어렵다.

It is difficult to grasp the situation with simple figures alone.

Noun + 만으로는 (with only).

3

그의 주장은 지나치게 단순한 측면이 있다.

His argument has an overly simplistic side.

Modifier + 측면 (aspect/side).

4

단순히 지식을 습득하는 것보다 활용하는 것이 중요하다.

Applying knowledge is more important than simply acquiring it.

Comparative structure with -는 것보다.

5

예술에서 단순미를 추구하는 작가들이 많다.

There are many artists who pursue the beauty of simplicity in art.

Compound noun: 단순미 (simple beauty).

6

이것은 단순한 실수가 아니라 중대한 과실이다.

This is not a simple mistake but a serious negligence.

-이/가 아니라 (not A but B).

7

현대인들은 단순한 삶을 동경하곤 한다.

Modern people often long for a simple life.

-하곤 하다 (tend to/often do).

8

단순한 구조일수록 고장 날 확률이 적다.

The simpler the structure, the less likely it is to break down.

-(으)ㄹ수록 (the more... the more).

1

그 이론은 우주의 원리를 단순하게 설명해 준다.

The theory explains the principles of the universe simply.

Auxiliary verb: -어 주다 (to do for).

2

정치적 쟁점을 단순화하여 보도하는 경향이 있다.

There is a tendency to report political issues by simplifying them.

Noun form: 경향 (tendency).

3

인간의 감정은 결코 단순하게 정의될 수 없다.

Human emotions can never be defined simply.

Passive voice: 정의되다.

4

단순한 호의가 오해를 불러일으키기도 한다.

Simple kindness sometimes causes misunderstandings.

-기도 하다 (sometimes happens).

5

그의 작품은 단순함 속에 깊은 철학을 담고 있다.

His work contains deep philosophy within its simplicity.

Metaphorical use of '담고 있다'.

6

단순한 반복 노동에서 벗어나 창의적인 일을 하고 싶다.

I want to escape from simple repetitive labor and do creative work.

Noun modification for contrast.

7

사건의 본질은 의외로 단순한 곳에 있을지 모른다.

The essence of the case might unexpectedly lie in a simple place.

Guessing ending: -(으)ㄹ지 모른다.

8

단순 명료한 문장이 독자의 마음을 더 잘 움직인다.

Simple and clear sentences move the reader's heart better.

Compound adjective usage.

1

모든 진리는 궁극적으로 단순함으로 귀결된다.

All truths ultimately result in simplicity.

Formal verb: 귀결되다 (to result in/conclude).

2

그의 철학은 복잡한 수사학을 배제한 단순함에 있다.

His philosophy lies in simplicity that excludes complex rhetoric.

Advanced vocabulary: 수사학 (rhetoric), 배제하다 (exclude).

3

단순화의 오류에 빠지지 않도록 경계해야 한다.

We must be wary of falling into the fallacy of oversimplification.

Noun + 의 오류 (fallacy of...).

4

자연의 법칙은 기하학적으로 매우 단순하고 우아하다.

The laws of nature are geometrically very simple and elegant.

Adverbial phrase: 기하학적으로.

5

그는 단순한 삶을 실천함으로써 내면의 평화를 얻었다.

He gained inner peace by practicing a simple life.

Method ending: -(으)ㅁ으로써.

6

단순한 선 몇 개로 대상의 본질을 꿰뚫어 보았다.

With just a few simple lines, the essence of the subject was pierced.

Idiomatic verb: 꿰뚫어 보다 (to see through/pierce).

7

행정 절차의 단순화는 시민들의 편의를 증진시킨다.

The simplification of administrative procedures enhances the convenience of citizens.

Causative verb: 증진시키다.

8

단순한 호기심을 넘어선 학구적 열정이 느껴진다.

An academic passion that goes beyond simple curiosity is felt.

Advanced modifier: 넘어선 (surpassing).

常见搭配

단순한 디자인
단순한 실수
단순하게 생각하다
단순한 구조
단순한 진리
단순한 노동
단순한 호기심
단순한 삶
단순 명료하다
단순 변심

常用短语

단순히 말해서

— Simply put; to put it simply.

단순히 말해서, 이건 시간 낭비예요.

단순한 게 최고다

— Simple is the best. (A common proverb/phrase).

디자인을 할 때는 단순한 게 최고예요.

머리가 단순하다

— To be simple-minded (often used as a light insult).

그는 머리가 단순해서 거짓말을 못 해.

단순한 문제

— A simple problem; an easy issue.

이건 그렇게 단순한 문제가 아니야.

단순한 이유

— A simple reason; a straightforward cause.

내가 간 이유는 아주 단순해.

단순한 계산

— A simple calculation.

단순한 계산 실수였어요.

단순한 반복

— Simple repetition.

단순한 반복 학습이 중요합니다.

단순 무식하다

— To be simple and ignorant (slangy/insulting).

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