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A2 noun 12分钟阅读

caqui

开始练习例句笔记与提示 caqui 30秒了解

解析 caqui in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'caqui' is simply a new noun to add to your list of fruits. You should focus on recognizing the word and knowing that it is a masculine noun ('o caqui'). You will use it in very simple sentences like 'Eu gosto de caqui' (I like persimmon) or 'O caqui é laranja' (The persimmon is orange). At this stage, don't worry too much about the different varieties; just focus on the basic identification of the fruit. You might see it in a picture book or at a grocery store. Remember that the plural is 'caquis'. Practice saying the word with the stress on the last syllable: ca-KEE. This is a great word for practicing the 'qu' sound, which is just like a 'k'. It's also a good time to learn that in Brazil, fruits are a big part of daily life, and 'caqui' is a common one you'll see in the autumn. Just think of it as a sweet, orange treat that you can buy at the market.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'caqui' in more practical contexts, such as shopping at a 'feira' (market). You should be able to ask for a specific quantity, like 'Eu quero seis caquis, por favor' (I want six persimmons, please). You can also start using basic adjectives to describe the fruit's condition, such as 'maduro' (ripe) or 'verde' (unripe). You might say, 'Estes caquis estão bem maduros' (These persimmons are very ripe). This is also the level where you should learn the distinction between 'caqui' (the fruit) and 'cáqui' (the color/fabric), as you might encounter both in a shopping mall. You'll begin to notice that 'caqui' is a seasonal fruit, so you can use it to talk about the time of year: 'No outono, nós comemos muito caqui' (In autumn, we eat a lot of persimmon). This helps you practice time expressions and seasonal vocabulary.

By B1, you should be comfortable discussing the textures and flavors of different types of 'caqui'. You can explain your preferences, such as 'Eu prefiro o caqui chocolate porque ele é mais crocante' (I prefer the chocolate persimmon because it is crunchier). You should also learn the idiomatic expression 'amarrar a boca', which describes the astringent feeling of an unripe persimmon. For example: 'Não coma esse caqui ainda, ele vai amarrar a sua boca' (Don't eat that persimmon yet, it will make your mouth feel dry). At this level, you can also understand and follow simple recipes that include caqui, like a 'mousse de caqui'. You're moving beyond simple identification into describing experiences and processes. You might also start to notice the difference between Brazilian and Portuguese usage ('caqui' vs 'dióspiro'), which is a key cultural nuance for intermediate learners.

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At the B2 level, you can use 'caqui' to discuss broader topics like nutrition, agriculture, and regional traditions. You might read an article about the 'Festa do Caqui' in São Paulo and be able to summarize it. You can talk about the health benefits: 'O caqui é uma excelente fonte de vitamina A e fibras, o que é ótimo para a digestão' (The persimmon is an excellent source of vitamin A and fiber, which is great for digestion). You should be able to use the word in more complex grammatical structures, such as passive voice or conditional sentences: 'Se os caquis fossem colhidos mais cedo, eles não estariam tão moles' (If the persimmons were harvested earlier, they wouldn't be so soft). You can also engage in debates about the best way to eat the fruit or its economic importance to certain regions of Brazil.

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At the C1 level, your use of 'caqui' should be fluid and nuanced. You can use it in metaphorical or literary contexts, perhaps describing the color of a sunset as 'um tom de caqui maduro'. You have a deep understanding of the botanical and historical background of the fruit in the Lusophone world, such as the role of Japanese immigrants in its cultivation. You can navigate technical discussions about 'taninos' and the chemical process of ripening. Your vocabulary around the fruit is extensive, including terms like 'pedúnculo' (stem) or 'polpa' (pulp). You can also handle the subtle social cues of using 'caqui' versus 'dióspiro' depending on your audience, showing a high level of sociolinguistic competence. You might even use the word in wordplay or jokes that rely on the stress difference between the fruit and the color.

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At the C2 level, 'caqui' is just one of many words you use with native-like precision. You can discuss the fruit's place in the history of Brazilian agriculture in great detail, or analyze its appearance in the works of regionalist writers. You understand the most obscure varieties and their specific growing conditions. You can use the word in any register, from a scientific paper on fruit flies affecting 'caquizeiros' to a casual conversation at a high-end gourmet market. You are also aware of the etymological roots of the word and how it has evolved in the Portuguese language compared to other Romance languages. For you, 'caqui' is not just a fruit, but a small window into the complex interplay of migration, climate, and language that defines the Portuguese-speaking world.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

caqui 30秒了解

Caqui is the Portuguese word for persimmon, a sweet orange fruit popular in Brazil and Portugal during the autumn season.
It is a masculine noun (o caqui) and its plural is formed by adding an 's' (os caquis).
Pronunciation is key: stress the final 'i' (ca-QUÍ) to distinguish it from the color 'cáqui'.
In Portugal, the fruit is more commonly referred to as 'dióspiro', though 'caqui' is understood.

The word caqui refers primarily to the persimmon, a vibrant orange fruit that becomes incredibly popular in Brazil and Portugal during the autumn months. In the botanical world, it belongs to the genus Diospyros. For an English speaker, the term is a direct cognate to the Japanese word 'kaki,' which is also used in many European languages. However, in Portuguese, the word carries a specific cultural weight, especially in Brazil, where the fruit was popularized by Japanese immigrants in the early 20th century. When you walk through a Brazilian 'feira' (open-air market) between March and July, you will see mountains of these fruits, ranging from firm, apple-like varieties to soft, jelly-filled ones that almost burst at the touch.

O Caqui-Giro: This is the astringent variety. If eaten before it is fully ripe and soft, it contains high levels of tannins that cause a 'dry' sensation in the mouth, known in Portuguese as 'amarrar a boca'.
O Caqui-Chocolate: A favorite in Brazil, this variety has a darker, brownish flesh and a firmer texture. It is sweet and does not have the astringency of the 'giro' variety, making it easy to eat like an apple.
A Cor Cáqui: While the fruit is 'caqui' (oxytone, stress on the last syllable), the color/fabric 'khaki' is often spelled 'cáqui' (paroxytone, stress on the first syllable). It is vital to distinguish the two by their pronunciation and context.

People use the word 'caqui' in various contexts, most commonly in grocery shopping, cooking, and seasonal discussions. It is a fruit that evokes nostalgia for many Brazilians, associated with backyard trees and family gatherings. Because it is highly seasonal, its appearance in stores marks a specific time of year. You might hear someone say, 'Já é época de caqui!' (It's already persimmon season!), signaling a change in the weather and the availability of this sweet treat.

Comprei uma dúzia de caquis bem maduros na feira hoje de manhã.

Beyond the fruit itself, 'caqui' is a word that tests a learner's ability to handle Portuguese phonetics. The 'qu' sound is a simple 'k' sound, never 'kw'. The final 'i' is sharp and clear. In southern Brazil, the production of caqui is a significant economic activity, with festivals dedicated to the fruit. Understanding 'caqui' is not just about knowing a fruit; it is about recognizing a staple of the Lusophone autumn palate.

O caqui está tão doce que parece mel.

In culinary terms, caqui is usually eaten fresh and raw. However, it can be used in mousses, jellies, and even salads. In Portugal, the 'dióspiro' (the more common name there for the same fruit) is often eaten with a spoon once it reaches a jelly-like consistency. In Brazil, the variety 'caqui-fuyu' is often sliced and served as a refreshing dessert. The word is ubiquitous in the fruit section of any supermarket during the months of April and May in the Southern Hemisphere.

Você prefere o caqui mais firme ou aquele que se come de colher?

To truly master the use of this word, one must understand the sensory experience it describes. The texture is as important as the taste. Using 'caqui' in a sentence often involves adjectives describing ripeness: 'maduro' (ripe), 'verde' (unripe), 'mole' (soft), or 'duro' (hard). It is a noun that invites sensory adjectives, making it a great word for practice at the A2 level.

Cuidado para não manchar a camisa com o caldo do caqui.

O preço do caqui baixou bastante esta semana.

Using 'caqui' in sentences requires an understanding of its gender—it is a masculine noun ('o caqui'). Most sentences involving 'caqui' will revolve around eating, buying, or describing the fruit's state. Because it is a physical object, it often acts as the direct object of verbs like 'comer' (to eat), 'comprar' (to buy), 'lavar' (to wash), or 'gostar' (to like, which requires the preposition 'de').

Subject Position: 'O caqui está muito doce.' (The persimmon is very sweet.) Here, the fruit is the focus of the description.
Object Position: 'Eu adoro comer caqui no café da manhã.' (I love eating persimmon for breakfast.) The fruit receives the action of the verb.
Pluralization: 'Os caquis estão caros este ano.' (The persimmons are expensive this year.) Note that we simply add an 's' to make it plural.

When describing the fruit, you will often use 'ser' or 'estar'. Use 'ser' for inherent characteristics ('O caqui é uma fruta outonal' - The persimmon is an autumnal fruit) and 'estar' for temporary states ('O caqui ainda está verde' - The persimmon is still unripe). This is a crucial distinction for learners. Furthermore, the word is often modified by specific variety names which act as compound nouns or noun-adjective pairs.

Esta sobremesa foi feita com caqui fuyu, que é mais crocante.

In more complex sentences, 'caqui' can be part of a comparison. 'Este caqui é mais doce que o de ontem' (This persimmon is sweeter than yesterday's). It can also be used in the diminutive 'caquizinho' to express affection or to refer to a small fruit, which is very common in Brazilian Portuguese. 'Que caquizinho gostoso!' (What a tasty little persimmon!).

A criança ficou com a cara toda suja de caqui.

Another common usage is in the negative. 'Não gosto de caqui porque ele amarra a boca' (I don't like persimmon because it makes my mouth feel dry/astringent). This specific phrase 'amarrar a boca' is almost exclusively used with caqui or unripe bananas. Mastering this connection will make your Portuguese sound much more natural.

O suco de caqui é uma opção nutritiva e diferente.

Finally, consider the prepositional phrases. 'Geleia de caqui' (persimmon jam), 'pé de caqui' (persimmon tree), 'época de caqui' (persimmon season). These are fixed expressions that you will encounter frequently in recipes or agricultural news. The word 'caqui' functions quite simply as a standard noun, making it an excellent building block for expanding your food-related vocabulary.

Coloque os caquis na fruteira para que amadureçam mais rápido.

O caqui é rico em vitamina A e fibras.

The most common place to hear the word 'caqui' is undoubtedly at a 'feira livre'. These open-air markets are the heartbeat of Brazilian food culture. Vendors will shout, 'Olha o caqui! Tá docinho, tá mel!' (Look at the persimmon! It's sweet, it's like honey!). Hearing the word in this high-energy, auditory environment is a classic Brazilian experience. You'll also hear it in supermarkets, where signs will indicate the variety and price per kilo.

The Kitchen: Families discussing what to have for dessert or how to use up a surplus of ripe fruit. 'Vou fazer um doce de caqui para não estragar.'
The Doctor/Nutritionist: In health contexts, 'caqui' is praised for its high fiber content and antioxidants. 'O caqui ajuda no funcionamento do intestino.'
Fashion (With a Twist): In a clothing store, you might hear 'calça cáqui'. Although the stress is different, the spelling 'caqui' is often used interchangeably in casual writing, leading to spoken confusion.

In rural areas of São Paulo, Paraná, and Rio Grande do Sul, where the fruit is grown, the word 'caqui' is part of the local economy's daily vocabulary. During the harvest season, the word appears in local news, radio advertisements for agricultural supplies, and community event announcements. The 'Festa do Caqui' in Itatiba is a prime example of where the word is celebrated.

No rádio, o locutor anunciou o início da colheita do caqui na região.

You might also encounter 'caqui' in literature or music that describes the Brazilian interior or the change of seasons. It represents a specific time of year—the transition from the heat of summer to the milder autumn. It's a word that carries a sense of 'safra' (harvest time), which is a significant concept in Brazilian culture.

O feirante gritava: 'Três caixas de caqui por dez reais!'

In social media and food blogs, 'caqui' is a popular subject for aesthetic food photography. Because of its vibrant orange color, it is often featured in posts about 'comida de verdade' (real food) or seasonal eating. You'll see hashtags like #caqui, #frutadaepoca, and #outono.

Vi uma receita deliciosa de sorvete de caqui no Instagram.

A vovó sempre dizia que caqui faz bem para a vista.

Finally, in school settings, children learn about 'caqui' as part of the 'frutas' vocabulary. It is a common word in children's books that illustrate different colors and flavors. This makes it a foundational word for any learner, as it is one of the first fruits taught beyond the basic apple, banana, and orange.

Na escola, as crianças desenharam um caqui bem laranjinha.

The most frequent mistake English speakers make with 'caqui' is related to pronunciation and the confusion with the color 'khaki'. In English, 'khaki' is pronounced 'KAH-kee'. In Portuguese, the fruit is 'ca-QUÍ' (stress on the final 'i'). If you put the stress on the first syllable, you are referring to the color/fabric, and even then, the Portuguese word for the color is technically 'cáqui' with an accent. Misplacing the stress can lead to funny looks, though context usually saves the day.

Spelling Confusion: Learners often try to spell it 'kaki' or 'caque'. Remember: in Portuguese, the 'k' sound before 'i' or 'e' is almost always 'qu'. It is always 'caqui'.
Gender Errors: Saying 'a caqui' instead of 'o caqui'. Fruits ending in 'i' are almost always masculine in Portuguese (o abacaxi, o caqui, o açaí).
Ripeness Misjudgment: Eating a 'caqui-giro' while it is still firm. This isn't a linguistic mistake, but a cultural/culinary one that will lead to the 'amarrar a boca' sensation mentioned earlier.

Another mistake is assuming 'caqui' is the word used everywhere in the Portuguese-speaking world. As noted, in Portugal, 'dióspiro' is the standard. If you use 'caqui' in a formal Portuguese setting in Lisbon, you might be corrected. However, due to Brazilian cultural exports (music, soap operas), most Portuguese people understand 'caqui', but they won't use it themselves.

Erro comum: 'Eu quero uma caqui' (Errado). Correto: 'Eu quero um caqui'.

Learners also struggle with the plural. Since it ends in 'i', you just add 's'. Some people try to apply rules for words ending in 'il' or 'el', but 'caquis' is the simple, correct plural. Also, avoid using 'khaki' (the English spelling) when writing in Portuguese; it will look like a foreign word that hasn't been adapted.

Não confunda a pronúncia de caqui (fruta) com cáqui (cor).

Finally, don't confuse 'caqui' with 'caiaque' (kayak). While they might look slightly similar to a very new learner, they are unrelated. Also, 'caqui' is sometimes confused with 'coque' (a bun hairstyle or coke/fuel), especially in fast speech. Clear articulation of the 'a' and 'i' is key.

Comprei caquis, não caiaques!

O caqui é uma fruta, a calça é cáqui.

When discussing 'caqui', it's helpful to know related fruits and terms to expand your vocabulary. Depending on the region and the specific variety, you might use different words. The most important alternative is 'dióspiro', used in Portugal. While 'caqui' is the fruit's name, you might also hear people refer to specific varieties to be more precise.

Dióspiro: The standard European Portuguese term. It sounds more formal to Brazilian ears but is everyday language in Lisbon or Porto.
Nêspera: Often confused by learners, the 'nêspera' (loquat) is another small, orange fruit that appears around the same time. However, it has large seeds and a different flavor profile.
Fruta-do-conde: While not similar in taste, it's another 'specialty' fruit often found next to caquis in markets, helping you build your 'exotic fruit' lexicon.

In terms of adjectives, instead of just saying 'doce' (sweet), you could use 'melado' (honey-like) or 'suculento' (succulent). If a caqui is overripe, you might call it 'passado'. If it's perfectly ripe, it's 'no ponto'. Understanding these nuances allows you to describe the 'caqui' experience with much more depth.

Em Portugal, pedimos um dióspiro, mas no Brasil é caqui.

Comparing 'caqui' to other orange fruits like 'laranja' (orange) or 'mexerica/tangerina' (tangerine) is a common exercise for beginners. While they share a color, the texture of a ripe caqui is unique, often compared to a 'geleia' (jelly) or 'mousse'. Using these comparisons helps cement the word in your memory.

A textura do caqui maduro é como uma geleia natural.

Another related term is 'tanino' (tannin), the substance responsible for the 'dry' feeling. Knowing this word helps you explain *why* an unripe caqui 'amarra a boca'. It moves your vocabulary from basic fruit names into the realm of food science and more advanced description.

O caqui verde tem muito tanino.

Prefiro o caqui fuyu porque ele nunca amarra a boca.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

While the fruit 'caqui' comes from Japanese, the color 'khaki' (cáqui in Portuguese) comes from the Persian word 'khak', meaning 'dust'. They are completely unrelated etymologically despite looking and sounding similar!

发音指南

UK /ˈkæki/

US /ˈkæki/

Oxytone (stress on the last syllable: ca-QUI).

押韵词

abacaxi açaí ali aqui daqui guri javali tupi

常见错误

Pronouncing it like the English 'khaki' (stress on first syllable).
Pronouncing the 'qu' as 'kw' (it should be a hard 'k').
Adding an 'e' at the end (ca-quie).
Making the 'a' too nasal.
Muttering the final 'i' (it should be sharp).

难度评级

阅读 1/5

Easy to recognize and read once the 'qu' rule is known.

写作 2/5

Slightly tricky due to the 'qu' and final 'i' instead of 'y' or 'e'.

口语 3/5

Challenging because of the oxytone stress and potential confusion with 'khaki'.

听力 2/5

Easy to hear in context, though fast speech might blur it.

接下来学什么

前置知识

fruta laranja doce comer mercado

接下来学习

dióspiro nêspera maduro azedo amargo

高级

tanino adstringência safra fenologia

需要掌握的语法

Plural of words ending in 'i'

caqui -> caquis, abacaxi -> abacaxis

Gender of fruits

Most fruits ending in 'i' are masculine: o caqui, o açaí.

The 'qu' spelling

The 'u' is silent in 'qui' and 'que' to keep the 'k' sound.

Stress in oxytone words

Words ending in 'i' are usually stressed on the last syllable if they don't have another accent.

Adjective agreement

O caqui maduro / Os caquis maduros.

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按水平分级的例句

O caqui é uma fruta.

The persimmon is a fruit.

Simple subject-verb-complement structure.

Eu gosto de caqui.

I like persimmon.

The verb 'gostar' requires the preposition 'de'.

O caqui é laranja.

The persimmon is orange.

Adjective agreement with masculine noun.

Você quer um caqui?

Do you want a persimmon?

Use of indefinite article 'um'.

Tem caqui na mesa.

There is a persimmon on the table.

Use of 'tem' as 'there is' (colloquial Brazilian).

O caqui é doce.

The persimmon is sweet.

Basic descriptive adjective.

Eu como caqui.

I eat persimmon.

Simple present tense.

Um caqui, por favor.

One persimmon, please.

Polite request structure.

Eu comprei cinco caquis na feira.

I bought five persimmons at the market.

Pluralization of 'caqui' by adding 's'.

Este caqui ainda está verde.

This persimmon is still unripe.

Use of 'estar' for a temporary state.

O caqui está muito maduro e mole.

The persimmon is very ripe and soft.

Adjective string describing state.

Quanto custa o quilo do caqui?

How much is a kilo of persimmon?

Common market inquiry.

Eu prefiro caqui do que maçã.

I prefer persimmon over apple.

Comparative preference.

Lave o caqui antes de comer.

Wash the persimmon before eating.

Imperative mood.

O caqui é uma fruta do outono.

The persimmon is an autumn fruit.

Noun used as an attributive noun with 'de'.

Minha avó faz geleia de caqui.

My grandmother makes persimmon jam.

Possessive 'minha' and compound noun phrase.

Se o caqui não estiver maduro, ele vai amarrar sua boca.

If the persimmon isn't ripe, it will make your mouth feel dry.

Future conditional with 'amarrar a boca'.

Existem vários tipos de caqui no Brasil, como o chocolate.

There are several types of persimmon in Brazil, like the chocolate one.

Use of 'existem' and 'como' for examples.

Eu gosto de comer caqui com iogurte no lanche.

I like to eat persimmon with yogurt for a snack.

Prepositional phrase 'com iogurte no lanche'.

O caqui fuyu pode ser comido enquanto ainda está firme.

The fuyu persimmon can be eaten while it is still firm.

Passive voice 'pode ser comido'.

Dizem que o caqui ajuda a melhorar a digestão.

They say that persimmon helps to improve digestion.

Indefinite subject 'Dizem que'.

Você já experimentou o suco de caqui?

Have you already tried persimmon juice?

Present perfect equivalent using 'já' + past tense.

O caquizeiro no meu quintal está carregado de frutos.

The persimmon tree in my backyard is loaded with fruit.

Introduction of the word 'caquizeiro'.

Não coloque os caquis no fundo da sacola para não amassarem.

Don't put the persimmons at the bottom of the bag so they don't get crushed.

Negative imperative and final clause with 'para que'.

A produção de caqui é uma das principais atividades econômicas da região.

Persimmon production is one of the main economic activities of the region.

Formal subject phrase with 'um dos'.

Devido ao excesso de chuvas, a safra de caqui deste ano foi prejudicada.

Due to excessive rain, this year's persimmon harvest was affected.

Causal connector 'devido ao'.

O caqui é rico em antioxidantes que combatem o envelhecimento precoce.

Persimmon is rich in antioxidants that fight premature aging.

Relative clause with 'que'.

É preciso esperar que o caqui amadureça completamente antes de consumi-lo.

It is necessary to wait for the persimmon to ripen completely before consuming it.

Subjunctive mood 'amadureça' and object pronoun '-lo'.

Muitas receitas tradicionais de outono incluem o caqui como ingrediente principal.

Many traditional autumn recipes include persimmon as the main ingredient.

Complex noun phrase as subject.

O festival local celebra a colheita do caqui com música e comida típica.

The local festival celebrates the persimmon harvest with music and typical food.

Verb 'celebrar' with multiple objects.

Embora seja doce, o caqui deve ser consumido com moderação por diabéticos.

Although it is sweet, persimmon should be consumed in moderation by diabetics.

Concessive clause with 'embora' + subjunctive.

A casca do caqui é fina e pode ser ingerida sem problemas.

The skin of the persimmon is thin and can be ingested without problems.

Passive structure 'pode ser ingerida'.

A introdução do caqui no Brasil está intrinsecamente ligada à imigração japonesa.

The introduction of the persimmon in Brazil is intrinsically linked to Japanese immigration.

Advanced adverb 'intrinsecamente'.

A adstringência do caqui deve-se à presença de taninos solúveis na polpa.

The astringency of the persimmon is due to the presence of soluble tannins in the pulp.

Reflexive 'deve-se' for causality.

O mercado de exportação de caqui tem crescido exponencialmente na última década.

The persimmon export market has grown exponentially in the last decade.

Compound tense 'tem crescido'.

O caqui-rama-forte é valorizado pela sua textura única e doçura intensa.

The rama-forte persimmon is valued for its unique texture and intense sweetness.

Specific variety naming.

Ao contrário do que muitos pensam, o caqui não é uma fruta nativa da América do Sul.

Contrary to what many think, the persimmon is not a native fruit of South America.

Contrastive phrase 'ao contrário do que'.

A versatilidade do caqui na gastronomia contemporânea é surpreendente.

The versatility of the persimmon in contemporary gastronomy is surprising.

Abstract noun 'versatilidade'.

É fundamental selecionar caquis sem manchas ou fendas para garantir a qualidade.

It is fundamental to select persimmons without spots or cracks to guarantee quality.

Infinitive as subject 'É fundamental selecionar'.

A polpa gelatinosa do caqui maduro é um desafio para o transporte de longa distância.

The gelatinous pulp of the ripe persimmon is a challenge for long-distance transport.

Complex subject with multiple modifiers.

A sutil gradação cromática do caqui maduro inspirou diversos pintores naturalistas.

The subtle chromatic gradation of the ripe persimmon inspired several naturalist painters.

Highly sophisticated vocabulary 'gradação cromática'.

O manejo pós-colheita do caqui exige tecnologias de refrigeração sofisticadas.

Post-harvest management of the persimmon requires sophisticated refrigeration technologies.

Technical terminology 'manejo pós-colheita'.

A fenologia do caquizeiro varia significativamente conforme o microclima da região.

The phenology of the persimmon tree varies significantly according to the region's microclimate.

Scientific term 'fenologia'.

O caqui tornou-se um símbolo da integração cultural nipo-brasileira no interior paulista.

The persimmon has become a symbol of Japanese-Brazilian cultural integration in the São Paulo countryside.

Historical/Sociological analysis.

A análise sensorial revelou notas de mel e damasco no retrogosto do caqui fuyu.

Sensory analysis revealed notes of honey and apricot in the aftertaste of the fuyu persimmon.

Gastronomic terminology 'análise sensorial', 'retrogosto'.

A degradação dos taninos durante o amadurecimento é um processo bioquímico complexo.

The degradation of tannins during ripening is a complex biochemical process.

Scientific subject 'A degradação dos taninos'.

O caqui, outrora uma raridade, hoje é onipresente nas mesas brasileiras durante o outono.

The persimmon, once a rarity, is today ubiquitous on Brazilian tables during autumn.

Literary adverb 'outrora' and 'onipresente'.

A hibridização de variedades de caqui visa obter frutos mais resistentes a pragas.

The hybridization of persimmon varieties aims to obtain fruits more resistant to pests.

Technical verb 'visa' + infinitive.

常见搭配

caqui maduro

caqui verde

pé de caqui

época de caqui

doce de caqui

caqui fuyu

caqui chocolate

quilo de caqui

caixa de caqui

suco de caqui

常用短语

Amarrar a boca

— The dry, astringent feeling caused by eating an unripe persimmon.

Esse caqui ainda está verde, vai amarrar a sua boca.

Tá um mel

— Extremely sweet, often used by vendors to describe ripe persimmons.

Pode levar esse caqui, freguesa, tá um mel!

Fruta da época

— Seasonal fruit; used because caquis are only available for a few months.

Aproveite para comprar caqui, é a fruta da época.

Comer de colher

— To eat with a spoon, referring to the very soft varieties of persimmon.

Esse caqui rama-forte tem que comer de colher.

No ponto

— Perfectly ripe, neither too hard nor too soft.

O caqui está no ponto para ser comido.

Festa do Caqui

— Annual festivals in fruit-growing regions of Brazil.

Vamos para Itatiba no próximo fim de semana para a Festa do Caqui.

Cair do pé

— To fall from the tree, usually because it is overripe.

Os caquis já estão começando a cair do pé.

Mancha de caqui

— Persimmon stains, which are notoriously difficult to remove from clothes.

Cuidado com essa mancha de caqui na toalha.

Safra do caqui

— The persimmon harvest season.

A safra do caqui este ano será excelente.

Caqui mole

— Soft persimmon, referring to the texture of certain varieties.

Eu prefiro caqui mole, acho mais saboroso.

容易混淆的词

caqui vs cáqui

The color/fabric khaki. Stressed on the first syllable.

caqui vs caiaque

Kayak. A boat, spelled and pronounced differently but looks similar to beginners.

caqui vs coque

A hair bun or the fuel. Different vowels but can be confused in fast speech.

习语与表达

"Amarrar a boca"

— Technically a physical sensation, but used idiomatically to describe anything astringent.

Esse vinho é tão tânico que chega a amarrar a boca.

Informal

"Dar caqui"

— Not a standard idiom, but 'dar' + [fruit] often means a tree is producing.

O meu quintal deu muito caqui este ano.

Informal

"Cara de caqui maduro"

— A humorous way to describe someone with a very red or flushed face.

Ele ficou com uma cara de caqui maduro depois de correr.

Slang/Humorous

"Estar um caqui"

— Sometimes used to describe something that is very soft or squashed.

Minha mochila ficou um caqui depois que sentei nela.

Informal

"Vender caqui para quem tem caquizeiro"

— Similar to 'carrying coals to Newcastle'; trying to sell something to someone who already has plenty.

Tentar vender essa ideia para ele é como vender caqui para quem tem caquizeiro.

Informal/Regional

"Mais doce que caqui"

— Used to describe something or someone very sweet or kind.

Essa menina é mais doce que caqui.

Informal

"Época de caqui"

— Metaphorically refers to a time of abundance or a specific fleeting moment.

Aproveite a sua juventude, é época de caqui!

Poetic/Informal

"Não vale um caqui podre"

— Something that is worthless.

Aquele carro velho não vale um caqui podre.

Slang

"Melado como caqui"

— Excessively sweet or sentimental.

O filme era muito melado, parecia um caqui passado.

Informal

"Firme como caqui fuyu"

— Describing someone who is resolute or a situation that is stable.

Ele permaneceu firme como um caqui fuyu diante dos problemas.

Informal/Creative

容易混淆

caqui vs cáqui

Identical spelling (often) and similar sound.

Caqui (fruit) is oxytone (ca-QUÍ). Cáqui (color) is paroxytone (CÁ-qui).

Vesti minha calça cáqui para ir comprar caqui.

caqui vs dióspiro

They refer to the same fruit.

Dióspiro is the standard term in Portugal; Caqui is standard in Brazil.

No Porto dizemos dióspiro, em São Paulo dizemos caqui.

caqui vs nêspera

Both are small, orange, seasonal fruits.

Nêspera is a loquat; it has a different shape, seeds, and taste.

Comprei nêsperas e caquis na feira.

caqui vs abacaxi

Both end in 'i' and are masculine fruits.

Abacaxi is pineapple; completely different appearance and flavor.

Gosto de caqui, mas prefiro abacaxi.

caqui vs quaki

Incorrect spelling attempt.

Portuguese doesn't use 'k' in native or well-adapted words like this; it's 'caqui'.

A grafia correta é caqui, não quaki.

句型

Eu gosto de [fruta].

Eu gosto de caqui.

Eu quero [número] [frutas].

Eu quero três caquis.

Se [condição], o caqui [resultado].

Se estiver verde, o caqui amarra a boca.

O caqui é conhecido por ser [adjetivo].

O caqui é conhecido por ser muito doce.

Apesar de [fato], o caqui [contraste].

Apesar de ser de origem asiática, o caqui é muito comum no Brasil.

[Sujeito] atribui-se à [causa] do caqui.

A doçura atribui-se à alta concentração de açúcares do caqui.

O caqui está [estado].

O caqui está maduro.

Prefiro [tipo A] do que [tipo B].

Prefiro caqui chocolate do que caqui fuyu.

词族

名词

caquizeiro (the tree)

caquizal (an orchard of persimmon trees)

caquizinho (diminutive)

形容词

caquiforme (shaped like a persimmon - rare/technical)

如何使用

frequency

High (Seasonal)

常见错误

Eu quero uma caqui. → Eu quero um caqui.
Caqui is a masculine noun. You must use the masculine article 'um' or 'o'.
Pronouncing it 'KAH-kee'. → Pronouncing it 'ca-QUÍ'.
The stress is on the last syllable. Pronouncing it like the English word refers to the color.
Writing 'kaki'. → Writing 'caqui'.
While 'kaki' is used in other languages, Portuguese uses 'caqui' for the fruit.
Eating a hard caqui-rama-forte. → Wait for it to soften.
This variety is very astringent when firm. You must wait until it is jelly-like.
Using 'caqui' in a formal document in Portugal. → Use 'dióspiro'.
In Portugal, 'dióspiro' is the official and more formal term for the fruit.

小贴士

Escolhendo o caqui

Procure por frutos com a pele brilhante e sem manchas escuras ou furos. Se quiser comer na hora, escolha os mais macios.

Armazenamento

Se os caquis estiverem duros, deixe-os fora da geladeira em uma fruteira. Depois de maduros, a geladeira ajuda a conservar por mais tempo.

Sobremesas rápidas

Bata a polpa do caqui maduro com um pouco de creme de leite ou iogurte para uma mousse instantânea deliciosa.

Benefícios

O caqui é ótimo para a saúde dos olhos e da pele por ser rico em betacaroteno, o precursor da vitamina A.

Feiras Livres

Sempre peça para provar um pedaço antes de comprar uma caixa grande; os feirantes costumam oferecer amostras.

Como servir

Em jantares formais, o caqui mole pode ser servido inteiro em um prato de sobremesa para ser comido com uma colher pequena.

Plantio

O caquizeiro gosta de climas temperados a subtropicais. Ele perde as folhas no inverno antes de florescer na primavera.

Manchas

Se sujar a roupa com caqui, lave imediatamente com água fria. O tanino pode manchar permanentemente se secar ou for passado a ferro.

Caqui Chocolate

Não se assuste com a cor escura por dentro do caqui chocolate; não é porque está estragado, é a característica doce da variedade.

Sotaque

No Brasil, o 'i' final é bem pronunciado. Imagine que você está colocando um ponto de exclamação no final: Ca-qui!

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a 'Key' (the sound 'qui') that opens a 'Car' (the sound 'ca'). Imagine a car filled with orange persimmons, and you need the key to get them: Ca-QUI.

视觉联想

Visualize a bright orange fruit shaped like a tomato but tasting like honey. Imagine it sitting on a map of Japan and Brazil.

Word Web

Fruta Laranja Doce Outono Maduro Brasil Japão Dióspiro

挑战

Go to a local market and try to find a fruit that looks like a persimmon. Ask the vendor: 'Isso é um caqui?' or 'Qual é o tipo deste caqui?'

词源

The word 'caqui' for the fruit comes from the Japanese word 'kaki' (柿). It was introduced to the Portuguese language through trade and later heavily reinforced in Brazil by Japanese immigration.

原始含义： In Japanese, 'kaki' refers specifically to the fruit of the Diospyros kaki tree.

Japonic (loanword in Romance).

文化背景

No major sensitivities; it is a universally loved fruit.

Persimmons are less common in the UK/US than in Brazil, often considered a specialty fruit. English speakers might only know them as 'Fuyu' or 'Hachiya' types.

Festa do Caqui de Itatiba (Major cultural event in São Paulo). Recipes by famous Brazilian chefs like Helena Rizzo. Appearances in 'Sítio do Picapau Amarelo' literature describing rural life.

在生活中练习

真实语境

At the market (Na feira)

Quanto está o caqui?
Me dá um quilo de caqui chocolate.
Esses caquis estão maduros?
Pode escolher para mim?

In the kitchen (Na cozinha)

Vou lavar os caquis.
Quer caqui de sobremesa?
O caqui está muito mole.
Vou fazer uma geleia.

Discussing health (Falando de saúde)

Caqui tem muita fibra.
Faz bem para o intestino.
É uma fruta muito nutritiva.
Tem bastante açúcar natural.

Nature/Gardening (Natureza/Jardinagem)

O caquizeiro floresceu.
A colheita começa em março.
Os pássaros comeram os caquis.
Preciso podar o pé de caqui.

Fashion/Colors (Moda/Cores - Contrast)

Eu quero uma calça cáqui.
Essa cor não é laranja, é cáqui.
O uniforme é de cor cáqui.
O tom de cáqui é muito elegante.

对话开场白

"Você já experimentou o caqui brasileiro? É muito diferente do que você conhece?"

"Qual tipo de caqui você prefere: o mole que se come de colher ou o firme?"

"Você sabia que o caqui foi trazido para o Brasil pelos imigrantes japoneses?"

"Na sua terra natal, essa fruta tem outro nome ou não é comum?"

"O que você acha da sensação de 'amarrar a boca' quando o caqui está verde?"

日记主题

Descreva a sua primeira experiência provando um caqui. Você gostou do sabor e da textura?

Imagine que você está em uma feira livre no Brasil. Descreva os sons, cheiros e a visão das barracas de caqui.

Escreva sobre a importância das frutas sazonais na sua dieta e como o caqui se encaixa nisso.

Compare o caqui com outra fruta que você gosta. Quais são as semelhanças e diferenças?

Crie uma pequena história sobre uma criança que descobre um pé de caqui carregado no quintal do avô.

常见问题

10 个问题

Em Portugal, a palavra 'caqui' é entendida, mas o termo padrão e mais comum é 'dióspiro'. Ambas se referem à mesma fruta.

A diferença está na tônica e no significado: 'caqui' (com som forte no 'i') é a fruta. 'Cáqui' (com som forte no 'a') é a cor ou o tecido (khaki).

Não, o caqui não é uma fruta cítrica. Ele é conhecido pela sua doçura intensa e baixa acidez, sendo classificado em variedades adstringentes e não adstringentes.

Isso acontece devido aos taninos presentes na fruta quando ela ainda não está totalmente madura. Variedades como o caqui-fuyu não têm esse problema.

A melhor época é durante o outono, entre os meses de março e julho, quando a safra está no auge e os preços estão mais baixos.

Sim, a casca do caqui é perfeitamente comestível e contém muitas fibras, embora algumas pessoas prefiram descascá-lo, especialmente as variedades mais moles.

Depende do tipo. O caqui-fuyu deve estar firme e laranja. Já o caqui-rama-forte deve estar bem mole ao toque para não amarrar a boca.

Não, o caqui é originário da Ásia (China e Japão). Ele se adaptou muito bem ao clima das regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil.

Sim, algumas variedades podem apresentar sementes, especialmente se houver polinização cruzada, mas muitas variedades comerciais são apirênicas (sem sementes).

O caqui tem um teor de açúcar natural (frutose) relativamente alto, mas é rico em fibras e vitaminas. Consumido com moderação, é uma adição saudável à dieta.

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