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A2 noun #15,000 最常用 13分钟阅读

pasmo

开始练习例句笔记与提示 pasmo 30秒了解

解析 pasmo in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are just beginning to learn how to express basic feelings. While 'pasmo' is a bit advanced for a total beginner, it is helpful to know it as a 'strong' version of 'surprise'. Think of it as when you see something very big or very beautiful and you don't know what to say. In A1, we usually use 'surpresa' (surprise) or 'contente' (happy). But 'pasmo' is like a surprise that makes you stop walking. It is a masculine word: 'o pasmo'. You can say 'Que pasmo!' when something is very amazing. It is important to remember that 'pasmo' is a noun here, a thing you feel. Even at this early stage, knowing a few 'big' words can help you understand stories or music better. You won't use it every day like 'olá' or 'obrigado', but when you see a beautiful beach in Portugal, you might feel 'pasmo'. Just remember: 'o pasmo' is the feeling, and 'pasmado' is how you are. For now, focus on seeing the word in sentences and knowing it means a very big surprise. It's a great word to have in your pocket for special moments.

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At the A2 level, you are building a more descriptive vocabulary. You can now start using 'pasmo' to distinguish between a regular surprise and something that truly shocks or amazes you. A2 learners should understand that 'pasmo' is a noun used to describe a state of mind. For example, if a friend tells you a secret that is very hard to believe, you can say 'Fiquei em pasmo' (I was in astonishment). This is more expressive than just 'fiquei surpreendido'. At this level, you should also be aware of the common phrase 'de pasmo', which means 'with astonishment'. Using 'pasmo' shows that you are moving beyond the most basic words and starting to appreciate the nuances of the Portuguese language. It is a masculine noun, so it always takes masculine articles and adjectives: 'um grande pasmo'. You might see this word in simple news articles or in short stories. It is a very 'visual' word—it helps the listener imagine your wide eyes and open mouth. Practice using it when you talk about your travels or about incredible things you see on the internet. It adds a touch of sophistication to your Portuguese.

At the B1 level, you are becoming an independent user of the language. You can now use 'pasmo' in more complex sentence structures and in a wider variety of contexts. You should be able to use it to describe not just your own feelings, but the atmosphere of a situation. For example, 'Houve um pasmo geral quando o golo foi marcado' (There was a general astonishment when the goal was scored). At this level, you can also start to contrast 'pasmo' with related words like 'espanto' or 'admiração'. You understand that 'pasmo' is often more intense and can be either positive or negative. You should also be comfortable using the word in writing, such as in a journal entry or a letter to a friend, to describe a profound experience. B1 learners should notice how 'pasmo' is used in media to emphasize the scale of an event. It is a key word for storytelling, helping to create 'peaks' of emotion in your narrative. You are also beginning to see the word's connection to the verb 'pasmar' and the adjective 'pasmado', and you can switch between them correctly depending on the grammar of your sentence.

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At the B2 level, you are expected to have a nuanced understanding of emotional vocabulary. 'Pasmo' should be a regular part of your descriptive repertoire. You understand that this word carries a certain literary weight and is often used to describe the 'sublime'—moments of awe that are almost overwhelming. You can use 'pasmo' to discuss art, philosophy, or complex social issues. For example, you might discuss the 'pasmo' of a society facing rapid technological change. At this level, you should be aware of the word's etymological roots and how they contribute to its meaning of a 'frozen' state of surprise. You can use more sophisticated constructions, such as 'deixar alguém em estado de pasmo' or 'o pasmo foi tal que...'. You are also able to recognize the word in more difficult texts, such as classical literature or academic essays, and understand its specific function there. Your usage of 'pasmo' should reflect an awareness of register; you know it's more formal than 'susto' or 'choque' and use it accordingly to achieve a specific effect in your speech or writing.

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At the C1 level, you have a high level of precision in your language use. You can use 'pasmo' to express subtle differences in emotional states. You might use it to describe a specific type of intellectual or aesthetic shock that other words cannot quite capture. You are familiar with the word's use in the great works of Portuguese literature and can analyze how authors use 'pasmo' to develop themes or character arcs. At this level, you can use the word idiomatically and in rare plural forms if the context justifies it. You understand the historical evolution of the word and its place in the broader Luso-phone cultural context. You can use 'pasmo' in high-level debates or presentations to add rhetorical power. For example, you might speak of the 'pasmo existencial' (existential astonishment) in a discussion about modern philosophy. Your mastery of 'pasmo' is not just about knowing the definition, but about knowing exactly when its use will provide the most impact, whether you are aiming for a poetic, dramatic, or analytical tone. You can also explain the word to others, highlighting its unique position between 'awe' and 'shock'.

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At the C2 level, your command of 'pasmo' is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker. You use the word with complete ease and absolute precision in any context, from the most casual conversation (perhaps using it ironically) to the most formal academic writing. You have a deep appreciation for the 'texture' of the word—how its sound and history contribute to its meaning. You can use 'pasmo' to explore the most profound human experiences, using it as a central concept in philosophical or artistic discourse. You are aware of all its collocations, synonyms, and antonyms, and you can play with the word's different shades of meaning to create sophisticated wordplay or metaphors. For a C2 speaker, 'pasmo' is not just a vocabulary item; it is a conceptual tool for navigating the complexities of the human condition. You might use it to describe the inherent wonder of being alive, or the devastating shock of a world-changing event, always choosing the surrounding words to perfectly frame the 'pasmo' you are describing. Your ability to use 'pasmo' reflects your deep immersion in the Portuguese language and your mastery of its most expressive capabilities.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

pasmo 30秒了解

Pasmo is a masculine noun meaning intense astonishment or awe.
It is more powerful and formal than the common word 'surpresa'.
It can describe reactions to both beautiful wonders and shocking tragedies.
Commonly used in literature and formal Portuguese to express deep emotion.

The Portuguese word pasmo is a profound noun that encapsulates a state of intense astonishment, wonder, or shock. While it is frequently encountered in its adjectival form, the noun itself carries a weight of literary and emotional significance that distinguishes it from the more common and somewhat lighter term surpresa. When you encounter pasmo, you are dealing with a reaction that is often physical in its intensity—a moment where the mind stops, the breath catches, and the individual is momentarily paralyzed by the magnitude of what they are witnessing or experiencing. This isn't just a simple 'oh!' moment; it is a 'how can this be?' moment. The word evokes a sense of being 'struck' or 'stunned,' which is historically linked to its etymological roots in the concept of a spasm or a sudden seizure of the senses. In contemporary usage, it appears in contexts ranging from the awe-struck contemplation of a masterpiece of art to the horrified disbelief following a sudden social or political upheaval.

Intensity: Pasmo represents the highest tier of surprise, often implying a loss of words or a temporary inability to react.
Register: While understood by all, it is most frequently used in written literature, formal journalism, and dramatic storytelling.
Physicality: It often suggests a physical stillness, as if the person has been turned to stone by what they have seen.

The usage of pasmo is not limited to negative shock; it is equally at home in the realm of the sublime. A traveler standing before the Grand Canyon or the Taj Mahal for the first time might be overcome by a pasmo that transcends simple admiration. It is the 'awe' in 'awesome' in its most classical sense. In everyday conversation, however, speakers might opt for the verb pasmar or the adjective pasmado to express their feelings, leaving the noun pasmo for moments of greater gravitas.

O seu pasmo diante da notícia era evidente para todos na sala.

Understanding the nuances of this word requires recognizing that it sits at the intersection of psychology and aesthetics. It is a reaction to the unexpected that challenges our existing mental frameworks. When something causes pasmo, it is because it does not fit into our previous understanding of the world. This is why it is so common in the works of great Portuguese writers like Eça de Queirós or Fernando Pessoa, who often explored the internal states of their characters when faced with the ironies and grandeurs of life. Furthermore, the noun is often used in the prepositional phrase de pasmo, which functions similarly to 'in astonishment.' For example, 'ficou mudo de pasmo' (he became silent with astonishment). This construction highlights the causative nature of the emotion; the astonishment is the force that produces the silence. In modern media, you might see headlines like 'O pasmo da população perante as novas medidas,' indicating a collective state of being stunned by new government policies or economic changes.

Houve um momento de pasmo geral quando o vencedor foi anunciado.

In summary, pasmo is a versatile yet high-impact word. It allows a speaker to convey a level of emotional intensity that 'surpresa' simply cannot reach. Whether describing the reaction to a miracle, a tragedy, or a feat of human ingenuity, pasmo serves as the linguistic marker for that specific human experience where the world suddenly becomes much larger or much stranger than we thought possible. By mastering this word, you gain access to a more sophisticated layer of Portuguese emotional expression, enabling you to describe not just what people feel, but the profound depth of those feelings.

Não conseguia esconder o seu pasmo ao ver as ruínas antigas.

O pasmo é o início da filosofia, segundo alguns pensadores.

A beleza do quadro causou um pasmo indescritível no público.

Using pasmo effectively in Portuguese requires an understanding of its role as a noun and its relationship with verbs of state and emotion. Unlike the adjective pasmado, which describes the person, the noun pasmo describes the state itself. The most common way to use it is as the object of a preposition or as the subject/object of a verb that deals with causing or feeling emotions. For instance, the verb causar (to cause) is a natural partner for pasmo. You might say 'A sua coragem causou pasmo em todos' (His courage caused astonishment in everyone). Here, pasmo is the direct result of the action. Another frequent construction involves the preposition de to indicate the cause of a secondary state, such as 'ficar de pasmo' or 'mudo de pasmo'.

As a Subject: 'O pasmo tomou conta da multidão.' (Astonishment took over the crowd.)
With 'De': 'Eles olhavam de pasmo para o eclipse.' (They looked in astonishment at the eclipse.)
With 'Em': 'A notícia deixou o país em pasmo.' (The news left the country in astonishment.)

When writing, you can use pasmo to add variety and depth to your descriptions. Instead of repeatedly saying people were 'surprised,' you can describe the 'pasmo' that hung in the air. It is a more evocative word that paints a clearer picture of the psychological atmosphere. For example, in a narrative, you could write: 'Houve um longo silêncio, um pasmo que ninguém se atrevia a quebrar' (There was a long silence, an astonishment that no one dared to break). This creates a much stronger sense of tension and importance than simply saying 'everyone was surprised.'

O pasmo dela foi tal que nem conseguiu agradecer o presente.

It is also important to note that pasmo can be modified by adjectives to further specify the type of surprise. 'Pasmo total' (total astonishment), 'pasmo absoluto' (absolute astonishment), or 'pasmo silencioso' (silent astonishment) are all common pairings. These modifiers help to scale the emotion. In more formal or academic Portuguese, pasmo might be used to describe an intellectual state of perplexity. A scientist might speak of the 'pasmo científico' when faced with a phenomenon that contradicts established theories. In the plural form, pasmos, it is much rarer but can be used to describe multiple instances or types of astonishment, though this is usually reserved for very poetic contexts. For the learner, focusing on the singular noun in prepositional phrases is the most practical path to mastery. Try to incorporate it into your descriptions of travel, art, or unexpected life events to elevate your Portuguese from a basic level to a more nuanced, expressive one.

Senti um pasmo enorme ao ver o mar pela primeira vez.

O seu rosto refletia um pasmo genuíno e profundo.

A rapidez da mudança causou pasmo entre os especialistas.

Não havia lugar para o pasmo num mundo tão previsível.

O pasmo é o primeiro passo para o conhecimento verdadeiro.

You are most likely to encounter the word pasmo in settings that value expressive, precise, or elevated language. It is a staple of Portuguese literature, from the classical era to modern novels. When an author wants to describe a character's internal state after a major revelation, pasmo is the go-to word. You'll find it in the works of José Saramago, where the surreal nature of the plots often leaves characters in a state of perpetual astonishment. In journalism, particularly in opinion pieces, 'crónicas', or long-form reporting, pasmo is used to criticize or highlight the shocking nature of social events. A journalist might write about the 'pasmo' of the public regarding a corruption scandal or a miraculous rescue.

Literature: Found in descriptions of monumental events or deep emotional shifts.
News/Media: Used to emphasize the gravity or unexpected nature of a news item.
Art Criticism: Commonly used to describe the effect of a powerful piece of art or performance.

In everyday speech, while people might more commonly say 'fiquei pasmado' (I was astonished), the noun pasmo appears in fixed expressions or when someone wants to be particularly emphatic. For example, during a heated discussion about an unbelievable event, someone might say 'É um pasmo!' (It's an astonishment/It's unbelievable!). It also appears in religious or spiritual contexts, where it describes the human reaction to the divine or the miraculous. In a sermon or a spiritual text, pasmo would be used to describe the awe felt by believers.

Ao ler o final do livro, o meu pasmo foi total.

Cinema and theater also utilize this word in scripts to stage directions or in dialogue to convey high drama. A character might exclaim about their pasmo to show they have been deeply moved. Furthermore, in the world of Portuguese 'Fado', the lyrics often deal with intense emotions like longing (saudade) and shock (pasmo) at the cruelties of fate. Listening to Fado is an excellent way to hear how these high-emotion words are emphasized through music and vocal delivery. Finally, in academic or intellectual circles, pasmo is discussed as a philosophical concept—the starting point of inquiry. Philosophers from the Portuguese-speaking world might refer to the 'pasmo primordial' (primordial astonishment) that leads humans to ask 'why?'. So, while you might not hear it every five minutes at a supermarket, you will certainly encounter it whenever the conversation turns to something significant, beautiful, or truly shocking.

O pasmo dos turistas era visível perante tamanha beleza.

O cientista partilhou o seu pasmo com a nova descoberta.

Não há nada que supere o pasmo de uma criança a descobrir o mundo.

O seu pasmo transformou-se rapidamente em alegria.

A conferência deixou todos num estado de pasmo intelectual.

One of the most frequent errors learners make with pasmo is confusing the noun with the adjective or the past participle. In Portuguese, pasmo can function as both a noun (astonishment) and an irregular past participle of the verb pasmar (to be astonished). For example, 'Ele ficou pasmo' means 'He was astonished,' where pasmo acts as an adjective/participle. However, 'O seu pasmo' means 'His astonishment,' where it is clearly a noun. Learners often forget to use the article 'o' when they intend to use the noun, or they try to pluralize it like an adjective ('eles ficaram pasmos' is correct, but 'os pasmos deles' is grammatically correct but semantically rare).

Noun vs. Adjective: Mistake: 'Eu sinto pasmo' (I feel astonished - wrong context). Correct: 'Eu sinto um grande pasmo' (I feel a great astonishment).
Preposition Choice: Mistake: 'Fiquei com pasmo'. Correct: 'Fiquei de pasmo' or 'Fiquei em pasmo'.
Overuse: Mistake: Using 'pasmo' for minor surprises like finding a coin on the street. Use 'surpresa' instead.

Another mistake is the gender of the noun. Pasmo is masculine, but learners sometimes mistakenly treat it as feminine because other emotion words like surpresa or alegria are feminine. Always remember: o pasmo. Additionally, learners often struggle with the intensity of the word. Calling a slightly surprising movie 'um pasmo' might sound dramatic or sarcastic to a native speaker. It is important to reserve pasmo for truly significant events.

Errado: A pasmo foi grande. Correto: O pasmo foi grande.

There is also a tendency to translate 'I am amazed' directly into 'Eu sou pasmo,' which is incorrect. You should say 'Estou pasmado' (adjective) or 'Sinto pasmo' (noun). The verb ser implies a permanent characteristic, which astonishment is not. Use estar or ficar. Finally, avoid using pasmo in very casual slang contexts where 'chocado' (shocked) or 'passado' (blown away) would be more appropriate. Using pasmo in a casual text message to a friend about a small piece of gossip might seem a bit too poetic or old-fashioned. Understanding the 'social weight' of the word is just as important as understanding its grammar.

Não confunda o pasmo (substantivo) com o pasmado (adjetivo).

O pasmo é um estado, não uma característica permanente.

Use 'surpresa' para coisas pequenas e pasmo para coisas monumentais.

A expressão correta é 'ficar de pasmo'.

O pasmo não leva 'a' no final; é sempre masculino.

Portuguese is rich in synonyms for astonishment, each with its own specific shade of meaning. Comparing pasmo to these alternatives will help you choose the right word for every situation. The most common alternative is espanto. While espanto also means astonishment, it often carries a slightly more negative or fearful connotation, similar to 'fright' or 'dread' in some contexts. Pasmo, on the other hand, is more neutral or even positive (as in awe).

Espanto: More common in daily life; can imply being startled or frightened.
Estupefação: A very high level of shock, often leaving one 'stupefied' or unable to think clearly.
Admiração: Purely positive; implies respect and wonder rather than shock.
Perplexidade: Focuses on the confusion or lack of understanding caused by the surprise.

Another interesting word is assombro. This word is very close to pasmo and is often used in literature to describe something that is both amazing and slightly overwhelming. 'Uma obra de assombro' is a work that leaves you breathless. If you want to sound more casual, you might use choque (shock) or simply surpresa. However, if you are describing a sunset that takes your breath away, pasmo or assombro are much better choices than choque.

O pasmo é contemplativo, enquanto o espanto é reativo.

In a formal speech, you might choose estupefação to emphasize how unbelievable a situation is. In a poem, you would likely choose pasmo for its rhythmic quality and its classical feel. Knowing these differences allows you to paint with a full palette of emotions. For instance, 'O seu pasmo perante a estátua' suggests a quiet, respectful wonder, while 'A sua estupefação perante o crime' suggests a visceral, horrified disbelief. By understanding that pasmo is part of a family of words that describe the 'un-routine' moments of life, you can better navigate Portuguese social and literary contexts. Each of these words is a tool. Surpresa is your hammer—useful for everything. Pasmo is your fine chisel—used for the most important and delicate emotional work.

Entre o pasmo e o medo, ela escolheu a curiosidade.

O pasmo é uma forma de reconhecimento da grandeza.

Substituir o pasmo pela indiferença é uma perda para a alma.

O pasmo de um, é a rotina de outro.

O pasmo é o silêncio que a alma faz para ouvir o mundo.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The word 'pasmo' shares the same root as 'spasm' in English. This explains why the word carries a sense of physical paralysis—it's as if the surprise causes a mental spasm that stops you in your tracks.

发音指南

UK /ˈpaz.mu/

US /ˈpɑz.moʊ/

The stress is on the first syllable: PAS-mo.

押韵词

Entasmo Espasmo Miasmo Entusiasmo Sarcasmo Orgasmo Pleioclasmo Pleonasmo

常见错误

Pronouncing the 's' as a sharp 's' instead of a 'z' sound.
Pronouncing the final 'o' as a strong 'oh' instead of a soft 'u'.

难度评级

阅读 3/5

Common in books and news, but requires understanding of nuance.

写作 4/5

Harder to use correctly than 'surpresa' due to register and prepositional use.

口语 4/5

Requires a good sense of when the emotion is 'big enough' for the word.

听力 3/5

Easy to recognize once you know the sound 'paz-mu'.

接下来学什么

前置知识

surpresa medo sentir grande ficar

接下来学习

estupefação assombro perplexidade pasmar contemplação

高级

ontológico sublime thaumazein inefável telúrico

需要掌握的语法

Voicing of 's' before 'm'

In 'pasmo', the 's' sounds like 'z' because 'm' is a voiced consonant.

Masculine gender for emotion nouns ending in 'o'

O pasmo, o medo, o espanto (but 'a surpresa' ends in 'a').

Prepositional phrases for emotions

'De pasmo', 'com alegria', 'por medo'.

Irregular past participles

'Pasmo' can be used instead of 'pasmado' in some contexts (e.g., 'ficar pasmo').

Noun vs. Verb usage

'O pasmo' (noun) vs. 'Eu pasmo' (verb - present tense).

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按水平分级的例句

O meu pasmo foi grande.

My astonishment was great.

'O' is the masculine article for 'pasmo'.

Que pasmo!

What an astonishment!

'Que' is used here as an exclamation.

O pasmo dele é real.

His astonishment is real.

'Dele' shows possession (his).

Sinto um pasmo agora.

I feel an astonishment now.

'Sinto' is the first person singular of 'sentir'.

O pasmo é uma surpresa.

Astonishment is a surprise.

'É' is the verb 'to be'.

Olha o meu pasmo!

Look at my astonishment!

'Olha' is the imperative form of 'olhar'.

Não há pasmo aqui.

There is no astonishment here.

'Não há' means 'there is not'.

O pasmo é bom.

The astonishment is good.

Adjective 'bom' agrees with masculine 'pasmo'.

Fiquei de pasmo com o filme.

I was astonished by the movie.

'De pasmo' is a common prepositional phrase.

O pasmo da Maria foi visível.

Maria's astonishment was visible.

'Da' is the contraction of 'de + a'.

Eles sentiram um pasmo enorme.

They felt an enormous astonishment.

'Enorme' is an adjective modifying 'pasmo'.

O pasmo não passou depressa.

The astonishment did not pass quickly.

'Depressa' is an adverb of manner.

Foi um pasmo para a família.

It was an astonishment for the family.

'Para' indicates the recipient of the emotion.

O seu pasmo era engraçado.

Your astonishment was funny.

'Era' is the imperfect past of 'ser'.

O pasmo tomou conta dele.

Astonishment took over him.

'Tomar conta' is a phrasal verb meaning 'to take over'.

Nunca vi tal pasmo.

I never saw such astonishment.

'Tal' means 'such'.

O pasmo geral silenciou a sala.

The general astonishment silenced the room.

'Geral' modifies the collective nature of the 'pasmo'.

Ela olhou para a joia com pasmo.

She looked at the jewel with astonishment.

'Com' shows the manner/feeling.

O pasmo é o que sinto hoje.

Astonishment is what I feel today.

'O que' acts as a relative pronoun.

Não consegui esconder o meu pasmo.

I couldn't hide my astonishment.

'Esconder' is the infinitive after 'consegui'.

O pasmo foi a sua única reação.

Astonishment was his only reaction.

'Única' modifies 'reação'.

A notícia causou um pasmo profundo.

The news caused a deep astonishment.

'Profundo' adds intensity.

Ainda estou em estado de pasmo.

I am still in a state of astonishment.

'Estado de' is a formal way to describe a condition.

O pasmo deu lugar à alegria.

Astonishment gave way to joy.

'Dar lugar a' means to be replaced by.

O pasmo perante o abismo era total.

The astonishment before the abyss was total.

'Perante' means 'in the face of' or 'before'.

Havia um certo pasmo na sua voz.

There was a certain astonishment in his voice.

'Certo' here means 'a certain' or 'some'.

O pasmo é a semente da filosofia.

Astonishment is the seed of philosophy.

Metaphorical use of 'pasmo'.

O seu pasmo revelava a sua inocência.

His astonishment revealed his innocence.

'Revelava' is in the imperfect tense.

A beleza da catedral provocou pasmo.

The beauty of the cathedral provoked astonishment.

'Provocou' is a more formal synonym for 'causou'.

O pasmo coletivo foi documentado.

The collective astonishment was documented.

'Coletivo' refers to a group.

Vencer o pasmo é necessário para agir.

Overcoming astonishment is necessary to act.

'Vencer' is used here as 'to overcome'.

O pasmo não deve ser confundido com medo.

Astonishment should not be confused with fear.

Passive voice construction.

O pasmo estético é uma experiência rara.

Aesthetic astonishment is a rare experience.

'Estético' refers to the philosophy of beauty.

A narrativa mergulha o leitor num pasmo constante.

The narrative plunges the reader into a constant astonishment.

'Mergulha' is used figuratively here.

O pasmo de Camões perante o novo mundo.

Camões's astonishment before the new world.

Historical/literary reference.

A ciência nasce do pasmo perante o desconhecido.

Science is born from astonishment before the unknown.

Abstract philosophical statement.

O seu pasmo era tingido de melancolia.

His astonishment was tinged with melancholy.

'Tingido de' means 'colored by' or 'tinged with'.

O pasmo pode ser uma forma de paralisia.

Astonishment can be a form of paralysis.

'Pode ser' expresses possibility.

A ironia da situação causou um pasmo amargo.

The irony of the situation caused a bitter astonishment.

'Amargo' adds a negative emotional layer.

O pasmo perante a morte é universal.

Astonishment in the face of death is universal.

Universal human experience.

O pasmo ontológico define a nossa condição.

Ontological astonishment defines our condition.

'Ontológico' refers to the nature of being.

A obra transcende o mero pasmo visual.

The work transcends mere visual astonishment.

'Transcende' means 'to go beyond'.

O pasmo é o hiato entre a perceção e a razão.

Astonishment is the gap between perception and reason.

Sophisticated definition.

Houve um pasmo telúrico perante o sismo.

There was a telluric astonishment before the earthquake.

'Telúrico' refers to the earth.

O pasmo como ferramenta de desconstrução.

Astonishment as a tool of deconstruction.

Academic/theoretical usage.

A plenitude do ser manifesta-se no pasmo.

The fullness of being manifests itself in astonishment.

Mystical/philosophical tone.

O pasmo perante o sublime é inefável.

Astonishment before the sublime is ineffable.

'Inefável' means 'too great to be expressed in words'.

O pasmo absoluto precede a iluminação.

Absolute astonishment precedes enlightenment.

Spiritual/philosophical progression.

常见搭配

Causar pasmo

Deixar em pasmo

Mudo de pasmo

Pasmo geral

Pasmo absoluto

Estado de pasmo

Olhar com pasmo

Pasmo e admiração

Vencer o pasmo

Pasmo silencioso

常用短语

Que pasmo!

— Used to express great surprise.

Que pasmo ver-te aqui depois de tanto tempo!

É um pasmo.

— Something is truly unbelievable or amazing.

A rapidez dele a correr é um pasmo.

Ficar de pasmo.

— To remain in a state of shock.

Fiquei de pasmo com o que ele disse.

Sem pasmo.

— Without any surprise (often used ironically).

Aceitou a notícia sem pasmo nenhum.

Cheio de pasmo.

— Full of astonishment.

Estava cheio de pasmo perante a estátua.

O pasmo da multidão.

— The collective shock of a group.

O pasmo da multidão era audível.

Um pasmo indescritível.

— A surprise that cannot be described.

Senti um pasmo indescritível ao ganhar.

Cair em pasmo.

— To fall into a state of amazement.

Caiu em pasmo ao ver a paisagem.

O meu pasmo.

— My own personal astonishment.

O meu pasmo não tem limites.

Momento de pasmo.

— A brief period of shock.

Houve um momento de pasmo antes do aplauso.

容易混淆的词

pasmo vs Pasmado

'Pasmado' is the adjective (astonished), while 'pasmo' is the noun (astonishment).

pasmo vs Espasmo

'Espasmo' is a physical muscle contraction (spasm), though they share a root.

pasmo vs Pasmar

'Pasmar' is the verb (to be astonished).

习语与表达

"Ficar com a boca aberta de pasmo"

— To be extremely surprised, literally with one's mouth open.

Ficou com a boca aberta de pasmo ao ver o carro novo.

Informal

"Não caber em si de pasmo"

— To be so astonished that it's overwhelming.

Ela não cabia em si de pasmo com a festa surpresa.

Neutral

"Ser um pasmo de beleza"

— To be incredibly beautiful.

Aquela ilha é um pasmo de beleza.

Literary

"Ficar de pedra e cal de pasmo"

— To be completely frozen or unmoved by shock.

Ficou de pedra e cal de pasmo perante o acidente.

Formal

"Um pasmo de todo o tamanho"

— A huge surprise.

Foi um pasmo de todo o tamanho para os vizinhos.

Informal

"Perder o pio de pasmo"

— To lose one's voice from shock.

Perdeu o pio de pasmo quando o viu.

Informal

"Estar em pulgas de pasmo"

— To be vibrating with surprise (rarely used this way, usually for excitement).

Estava em pulgas de pasmo para saber a verdade.

Informal

"Um pasmo que brada aos céus"

— A shock so big it reaches the heavens (usually for something scandalous).

É um pasmo que brada aos céus tal injustiça.

Dramatic

"Ficar a ver navios de pasmo"

— To be left confused and shocked.

Ficou a ver navios de pasmo com a partida dela.

Informal

"O pasmo é o pai da sabedoria"

— Variation of the philosophical proverb.

Lembra-te: o pasmo é o pai da sabedoria.

Academic

容易混淆

pasmo vs Surpresa

Both mean things you didn't expect.

'Surpresa' is general and can be small; 'pasmo' is intense and often leaves you speechless.

Recebi uma surpresa (a gift). Senti um pasmo (seeing a miracle).

pasmo vs Espanto

Both are types of astonishment.

'Espanto' often has a negative or 'startled' connotation; 'pasmo' is more about wonder.

O espanto de ver um ladrão. O pasmo de ver as estrelas.

pasmo vs Assombro

Both describe great wonder.

'Assombro' is even more literary and can imply something slightly scary or supernatural.

A casa era um assombro de luxo.

pasmo vs Choque

Both are sudden reactions.

'Choque' is more violent and modern; 'pasmo' is more contemplative and traditional.

O choque do acidente. O pasmo da descoberta.

pasmo vs Estupor

Both imply being frozen.

'Estupor' is a medical or very negative state of being dazed; 'pasmo' can be positive.

Ficou em estupor após a pancada.

句型

O [noun] é um pasmo.

O mar é um pasmo.

Ficar de pasmo com [thing].

Fiquei de pasmo com o presente.

O pasmo de [person] foi [adjective].

O pasmo da Maria foi enorme.

Causar pasmo em [group].

A notícia causou pasmo em todos.

Um pasmo tingido de [emotion].

Um pasmo tingido de tristeza.

O pasmo perante o [abstract concept].

O pasmo perante o infinito.

Mixed

Não há lugar para o pasmo em [situation].

Não há lugar para o pasmo em rotinas chatas.

Mixed

Entre o pasmo e a [noun]...

Entre o pasmo e a dúvida, escolhi acreditar.

词族

名词

Pasmo (astonishment)

Pasmar (the act of being astonished - infinitive used as noun)

动词

Pasmar (to astonish / to be astonished)

形容词

Pasmado (astonished)

Pasmo (astonished - irregular participle)

Pasmatório (astonishing - rare)

如何使用

frequency

Medium (High in literature, Low in casual slang)

常见错误

A pasmo foi grande. → O pasmo foi grande.
'Pasmo' is a masculine noun. It must take the masculine article 'o'.
Eu sou pasmo. → Eu estou pasmado / Sinto pasmo.
Don't use 'ser' for emotions; use 'estar' (adjective) or 'sentir' (noun).
Fiquei com pasmo. → Fiquei de pasmo / em pasmo.
The prepositions 'de' or 'em' are much more idiomatic with 'pasmo'.
Ele tem um pasmo de beleza. → Aquilo é um pasmo de beleza.
'Um pasmo de beleza' describes the thing itself, not the person's possession of it.
Using 'pasmo' for a small surprise. → Using 'surpresa'.
'Pasmo' is too intense for minor daily events and can sound sarcastic if misused.

小贴士

Watch the Article

Always use 'o' with pasmo. It's a masculine noun, unlike the feminine 'a surpresa'.

Save it for the Big Stuff

Use 'pasmo' when you want to sound more poetic or when the surprise is truly monumental.

The Z Sound

Remember that the 's' in pasmo is voiced. It sounds like 'paz-mu', not 'pass-mu'.

Learn the Verb

Learning the verb 'pasmar' (to be astonished) will help you understand the noun 'pasmo' better.

Literary Flair

In your writing, use 'pasmo' to describe the atmosphere of a room after a shocking event.

Fado Connections

Listen for this word in Fado music; it helps you feel the emotional weight of the word.

Spasm Connection

Remember: Pasmo = Spasm of surprise. It freezes you like a physical spasm.

Pasmo vs. Espanto

Use 'pasmo' for wonder and 'espanto' for more negative or startling surprises.

Boca Aberta

The phrase 'boca aberta de pasmo' is a great way to describe a shocked person visually.

Philosophical Use

Use it to discuss the beginning of knowledge or art to sound like a C1/C2 speaker.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a 'Spasm'. When you feel 'pasmo', your brain has a little 'spasm' because it's so surprised!

视觉联想

Imagine a person looking at a giant, glowing dragon in the middle of a city. Their mouth is open, their eyes are wide, and they are completely frozen. That state is 'pasmo'.

Word Web

Surpresa Espanto Awe Shock Stunned Wonder Spasm Astonishment

挑战

Try to use 'pasmo' in a sentence about the most beautiful place you have ever visited. Share it with a friend!

词源

Derived from the Ancient Greek word 'spasmos' (σπασμός), which refers to a convulsion or spasm.

原始含义： A sudden contraction or seizure of the body or mind.

Indo-European (Greek via Latin/Romance).

文化背景

No specific sensitivities; it is a neutral term for an emotion.

English speakers might use 'awe' or 'astonishment', but 'pasmo' often feels slightly more physical or dramatic.

Found in 'Os Lusíadas' by Luís de Camões. Used by Fernando Pessoa to describe metaphysical wonder. Common in the lyrics of Amália Rodrigues's Fados.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Art Gallery

O meu pasmo perante esta pintura.
Causa-me pasmo o detalhe.
Um pasmo de cores.
Fiquei de pasmo.

Natural Disaster

O pasmo da população.
Um pasmo terrível.
Em estado de pasmo.
O pasmo foi geral.

Scientific Discovery

Pasmo científico.
Causou pasmo na comunidade.
O pasmo do desconhecido.
Um pasmo de inteligência.

Personal Revelation

O meu pasmo ao saber a verdade.
Não escondo o meu pasmo.
Mudo de pasmo.
Que pasmo, não sabia!

Travel

O pasmo de ver o Grand Canyon.
Senti um pasmo enorme.
O pasmo dos turistas.
Um pasmo de paisagem.

对话开场白

"Já alguma vez sentiste um pasmo tão grande que não conseguiste falar?"

"O que é que te causa mais pasmo no mundo de hoje?"

"Qual foi a última notícia que te deixou em estado de pasmo?"

"Consegues descrever o pasmo de ver o mar pela primeira vez?"

"Achas que o pasmo é uma emoção positiva ou negativa?"

日记主题

Escreve sobre um momento de pasmo absoluto na tua vida.

Como é que o pasmo difere da simples surpresa para ti?

Descreve uma obra de arte que te causou um grande pasmo.

O pasmo é necessário para a criatividade? Porquê?

Reflete sobre o pasmo que sentes ao aprender uma nova língua.

常见问题

10 个问题

It is used in both, but it tends to appear more in formal writing and literature. In Brazil, people might use 'espanto' or 'choque' more in daily conversation, while 'pasmo' retains its high-level expressive power in both countries.

Yes, absolutely! 'Pasmo' is often used to describe the awe felt when seeing something beautiful, like a great work of art or a stunning landscape. It is perfectly appropriate for positive, overwhelming wonder.

'Pasmo' is the noun (astonishment), as in 'O meu pasmo'. 'Pasmado' is the adjective (astonished), as in 'Eu estou pasmado'. However, 'pasmo' can also be an irregular adjective/participle in phrases like 'Fiquei pasmo'.

It is slightly more formal and literary than 'surpresa', but it is not so formal that you can't use it with friends. It just indicates a higher level of emotion.

No, in modern Portuguese, it almost exclusively refers to the emotion of astonishment. The word for a physical muscle contraction is 'espasmo'.

No, 'pasmo' is always a masculine noun. You must say 'o pasmo' or 'um pasmo'.

The plural is 'pasmos'. While less common, you might use it to describe multiple instances of astonishment: 'Os sucessivos pasmos daquela tarde'.

Yes! Both come from Greek roots related to 'spasmos' and 'theos'. They both describe intense internal states.

It is more natural to say 'Estou em pasmo' or 'Sinto pasmo'. 'Com pasmo' is usually used for actions, like 'Olhou com pasmo'.

Don't use it for trivial things. If you find a dollar on the ground, say 'Que surpresa!'. If you see a flying saucer, say 'Que pasmo!'.

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