xícara 30秒了解
- A 'xícara' is a cup for hot drinks.
- It typically has a handle and is smaller than a mug.
- Used for coffee, tea, hot chocolate.
- Common in homes, cafes, and restaurants.
- Definition
- A 'xícara' is a small, open container, typically with a handle, used for drinking hot beverages like coffee, tea, or hot chocolate. It's a very common item found in kitchens and dining areas worldwide. The size and material can vary, but its primary function remains consistent: to hold a single serving of a hot drink.
- Usage
- You will hear 'xícara' used in everyday conversations about meals, routines, and social gatherings. For instance, when offering someone a drink, asking about breakfast, or describing a cozy moment. It's a fundamental word for anyone learning about daily life in Portuguese-speaking cultures. Imagine sitting down for breakfast; you'd likely use a 'xícara' for your coffee or tea. Or perhaps after dinner, you might have a 'xícara' of herbal tea. It’s also common in cafes and restaurants when ordering beverages. The word is so ubiquitous that it’s one of the first kitchen items one typically learns in Portuguese. Think about the different types of 'xícaras' – some are delicate porcelain for special occasions, while others are sturdy ceramic for daily use. The act of 'tomar uma xícara de café' (to have a cup of coffee) is a ritual for many. In colder weather, a 'xícara' of hot chocolate can be a comforting treat. It's not just about the container; it often evokes feelings of warmth, comfort, and relaxation. The shape and size are generally standardized for individual servings, distinguishing it from larger vessels like pitchers or bowls. When you visit a Portuguese-speaking home or cafe, you'll invariably see and use 'xícaras'. They are an integral part of hospitality and daily life, embodying simple pleasures.
Eu gosto de tomar meu chá em uma xícara grande pela manhã.
- Basic Structure
- The most straightforward way to use 'xícara' is in phrases like 'uma xícara de...' (a cup of...). This structure is versatile and can be applied to various beverages or even small portions of food.
- Common Verbs
- Verbs commonly associated with 'xícara' include 'tomar' (to take/drink), 'servir' (to serve), 'lavar' (to wash), and 'comprar' (to buy). For example, 'Eu vou tomar uma xícara de café' (I am going to have a cup of coffee). 'Ela serviu o chá em xícaras bonitas' (She served the tea in pretty cups). 'Preciso lavar as xícaras depois do jantar' (I need to wash the cups after dinner). 'Onde posso comprar xícaras novas?' (Where can I buy new cups?). Understanding these verb combinations will significantly enhance your ability to form natural-sounding sentences.
- Describing Xícaras
- You can describe 'xícaras' using adjectives related to size, material, color, or design. For instance, 'uma xícara pequena' (a small cup), 'uma xícara de porcelana' (a porcelain cup), 'uma xícara azul' (a blue cup), 'uma xícara decorada' (a decorated cup). Combining these adjectives with the noun allows for more precise descriptions. 'Ele comprou uma xícara de cerâmica vermelha para a sua mãe.' (He bought a red ceramic cup for his mother). The agreement in gender and number is important: 'xícara' is feminine singular, so its plural is 'xícaras'. Adjectives must also agree: 'xícaras pequenas', 'xícaras de vidro'.
- Possession and Quantity
- To indicate possession, you can use possessive pronouns: 'minha xícara' (my cup), 'sua xícara' (your cup). When referring to multiple cups, use the plural form 'xícaras': 'nossas xícaras' (our cups). Quantifiers can also be used: 'duas xícaras de café' (two cups of coffee), 'muitas xícaras' (many cups). Remember that numbers and quantifiers affecting plural nouns will require the plural form of 'xícara'.
Por favor, traga mais uma xícara de chá para a vovó.
- In Homes
- In any Portuguese-speaking household, 'xícara' is a staple. You'll hear it during daily routines: 'Você quer uma xícara de café?' (Do you want a cup of coffee?) is a common morning greeting. When guests arrive, offering a drink in a 'xícara' is a sign of hospitality. 'Por favor, sirva-se de mais uma xícara de chá.' (Please, have another cup of tea.) is a polite invitation. Families might discuss which 'xícaras' to use for special occasions versus everyday use. Children might be told, 'Não derrube a xícara!' (Don't spill the cup!). The clinking of 'xícaras' is a familiar sound in kitchens and dining rooms.
- In Cafes and Restaurants
- This is perhaps the most frequent place to encounter the word. When ordering coffee, tea, or hot chocolate, the waiter will likely ask, 'Para levar ou para aqui?' (To go or for here?). If it's for here, it will be served in a 'xícara'. You might hear: 'Uma xícara de expresso, por favor.' (One cup of espresso, please.) or 'Gostaria de uma xícara de cappuccino.' (I would like a cup of cappuccino.). Cafes often have displays of various 'xícaras' for sale, showcasing different designs and materials. The ambient sounds of a busy cafe often include the subtle clatter of 'xícaras' being placed on saucers or stacked.
- In Offices and Workplaces
- Coffee breaks are universal, and in Portuguese-speaking workplaces, 'xícara' is part of that ritual. Colleagues might chat around the coffee machine, saying things like, 'Vou pegar uma xícara de café para acordar.' (I'm going to grab a cup of coffee to wake up.). Office kitchens will have designated areas for 'xícaras', and discussions about washing them or restocking might occur. 'Alguém viu a minha xícara com o logo da empresa?' (Has anyone seen my cup with the company logo?).
- In Media and Literature
- Books, movies, and songs often use 'xícara' to set scenes or describe characters. A character might be described as 'sentada em sua poltrona, lendo um livro com uma xícara de chá na mão' (sitting in her armchair, reading a book with a cup of tea in hand). It evokes a sense of normalcy, comfort, or sometimes even contemplation. A poignant scene might involve a shared 'xícara' between two characters, symbolizing connection or a moment of peace.
- In Recipes
- When following a recipe, especially for desserts or drinks, 'xícara' is frequently used as a unit of measurement. For example, 'adicione duas xícaras de farinha' (add two cups of flour) or 'uma xícara de leite' (one cup of milk). While it refers to the container, in recipes, it's understood as a standard measure, often equivalent to a standard US cup (approximately 240ml). This usage is common in cookbooks and cooking shows.
No café, pedi uma xícara de café expresso.
- Confusing with 'Caneca' (Mug)
- A common confusion for learners is between 'xícara' and 'caneca'. While both are used for drinking, a 'caneca' is typically larger, sturdier, and often lacks a saucer. It's more informal. A 'xícara' is usually smaller, more delicate, and often comes with a saucer, implying a slightly more formal or traditional use, especially for tea or espresso. For example, you'd drink a large latte from a 'caneca', but a small, strong espresso from a 'xícara'. Saying 'Quero uma caneca de chá' might sound a bit unusual if you're expecting a delicate teacup, though it's not strictly incorrect depending on the context and the type of 'caneca'.
- Gender Agreement Errors
- 'Xícara' is a feminine noun. Learners sometimes forget this and use masculine articles or adjectives. For instance, saying '*o* xícara' instead of '*a* xícara', or '*um* xícara' instead of '*uma* xícara'. Similarly, adjectives must agree in gender. Instead of 'um xícara bonito', it should be 'uma xícara bonita'. Mistakes like 'um xícara grande' should be corrected to 'uma xícara grande'. Always remember the feminine nature of 'xícara' when using articles, possessives, or descriptive words.
- Pluralization Errors
- When referring to more than one cup, the plural form 'xícaras' must be used. Learners might incorrectly use the singular form when quantity is implied. For example, saying 'Eu preciso de duas xícara' instead of 'Eu preciso de duas xícaras'. This applies when using numbers (dois, três, quatro), quantifiers (muitas, poucas), or when the context clearly indicates plurality. Even 'algumas xícara' should be 'algumas xícaras'.
- Incorrect Preposition Usage
- The preposition 'de' is crucial when specifying what the cup is for or what it contains: 'uma xícara *de* café', 'uma xícara *de* chá'. Learners might omit this preposition, leading to grammatically incorrect sentences like 'uma xícara café'. This is a common mistake when translating directly from languages where such prepositions are not required. Always ensure 'de' is used after 'xícara' when followed by the name of the beverage or substance.
- Pronunciation Challenges
- The initial 'x' sound in 'xícara' can be challenging for English speakers, as it's pronounced like 'sh' in 'shoe'. Mispronouncing it as a 'z' or 'ks' sound is a common error. Additionally, ensuring the stress falls on the first syllable ('XI-ca-ra') is important for clear pronunciation. Saying 'xi-CA-ra' or 'xi-ca-RA' would sound unnatural. Practicing the word repeatedly, perhaps with native speaker audio, can help overcome this.
É uma xícara, não uma caneca.
- Caneca (Mug)
- As mentioned, 'caneca' is the closest alternative, but with distinct nuances. A 'caneca' is typically a larger, heavier drinking vessel, usually cylindrical, with a handle. It's generally used for more informal drinks like coffee with milk, hot chocolate, or even soup. While a 'xícara' often implies a more refined experience, a 'caneca' is for everyday, casual use. For example, 'Eu prefiro tomar meu café da manhã em uma caneca grande.' (I prefer to have my breakfast coffee in a large mug.) Contrast this with 'Ele serviu o chá em uma delicada xícara de porcelana.' (He served the tea in a delicate porcelain cup.).
- Chávena (Teacup - Portugal)
- In Portugal, 'chávena' is frequently used, specifically for a teacup, and it almost always implies a matching saucer. While 'xícara' is understood and used, 'chávena' is more specific to tea. If you are in Portugal and order 'chá' (tea), it will most likely be served in a 'chávena'. It carries a similar connotation of elegance and tradition as 'xícara'. 'Ela colocou a chávena de volta no pires.' (She placed the teacup back on the saucer.).
- Copo (Glass)
- 'Copo' refers to a glass, used for drinking cold beverages like water, juice, soda, or iced drinks. It's important not to confuse 'xícara' (for hot drinks) with 'copo' (for cold drinks). You would never drink hot coffee from a 'copo' unless it's specifically designed for it (like a double-walled glass cup), and you wouldn't typically drink iced water from a 'xícara'. 'Gostaria de um copo de água, por favor.' (I would like a glass of water, please.).
- Taça (Goblet/Bowl)
- 'Taça' can refer to a goblet (for wine, champagne) or a small bowl. While some 'taças' might resemble deep cups, they are generally used for different purposes. A 'taça de vinho' is a wine glass. A 'taça de sobremesa' is a dessert bowl. It's not typically used for hot beverages like coffee or tea, unlike 'xícara'. However, in some contexts, a very small, open-topped vessel might be called a 'taça', but 'xícara' is the standard for hot drinks.
- Pequena Tigela (Small Bowl)
- While a 'xícara' is generally smaller than a standard bowl, sometimes a very small bowl might be used for things like soup or cereal. In such cases, 'pequena tigela' (small bowl) would be the appropriate term. However, if the context is clearly about drinking a hot beverage, 'xícara' is the correct word. Think of the difference between a vessel for sipping coffee and one for eating soup.
Prefiro minha xícara de porcelana para o chá da tarde.
按水平分级的例句
Eu quero uma xícara de café.
I want a cup of coffee.
Subject + verb + 'uma xícara de' + beverage.
A xícara está quente.
The cup is hot.
Noun + verb + adjective. 'A' is the feminine definite article.
Obrigado pela xícara.
Thank you for the cup.
Prepositional phrase 'pela' (por + a) + noun.
Uma xícara pequena.
A small cup.
Indefinite article + noun + adjective. Adjective agrees in gender.
Posso ter outra xícara?
Can I have another cup?
Modal verb + subject + verb + quantifier + noun.
Esta xícara é bonita.
This cup is pretty.
Demonstrative pronoun + noun + verb + adjective.
Lave a xícara, por favor.
Wash the cup, please.
Imperative verb + article + noun + politeness marker.
Café na xícara.
Coffee in the cup.
Noun + preposition + article + noun. Simple descriptive phrase.
Gostaria de uma xícara de chá de camomila.
I would like a cup of chamomile tea.
Conditional 'Gostaria de' + 'uma xícara de' + specific tea type.
As xícaras de café estão na prateleira de cima.
The coffee cups are on the top shelf.
Plural noun 'xícaras' with definite article 'as'. Location phrase.
Ele comprou um conjunto de xícara e pires.
He bought a cup and saucer set.
Compound noun phrase 'conjunto de xícara e pires'.
Minha xícara favorita tem flores azuis.
My favorite cup has blue flowers.
Possessive pronoun 'minha' + noun + verb + description.
Você tem xícaras de vidro?
Do you have glass cups?
Question form using 'ter'. Material specified with 'de vidro'.
Precisamos de mais duas xícaras para os convidados.
We need two more cups for the guests.
Verb 'precisar de' + quantity + plural noun.
A água na xícara estava muito quente.
The water in the cup was very hot.
Preposition 'na' (em + a) + noun + adjective. Past tense verb.
Que linda xícara de cerâmica!
What a beautiful ceramic cup!
Exclamatory phrase 'Que + adjective + noun'.
Naquele café, eles servem um expresso numa xícara pequena e forte.
In that cafe, they serve an espresso in a small, strong cup.
Prepositional phrase indicating location + verb + description of the drink and cup.
A tradição diz que usar a xícara errada pode trazer má sorte.
Tradition says that using the wrong cup can bring bad luck.
Subordinate clause with infinitive + object + verb phrase.
Você se importaria de lavar esta xícara para mim?
Would you mind washing this cup for me?
Polite request using 'Você se importaria de + infinitive'.
As xícaras de porcelana são mais delicadas, mas também mais elegantes.
The porcelain cups are more delicate, but also more elegant.
Comparative adjectives 'mais delicadas' and 'mais elegantes'.
A receita pede uma xícara e meia de açúcar.
The recipe calls for one and a half cups of sugar.
Verb 'pedir' used for recipes + fractional quantity.
Depois do jantar, costumamos tomar uma xícara de digestivo.
After dinner, we usually have a cup of digestif.
Adverb 'costumamos' (we usually) + infinitive verb + beverage.
Ele herdou a coleção de xícaras antigas de sua avó.
He inherited his grandmother's collection of antique cups.
Verb 'herdar' + possessive + descriptive adjective + noun.
Enquanto esperávamos, cada um pegou uma xícara de café.
While we waited, each one grabbed a cup of coffee.
Subordinate clause with 'enquanto' + reciprocal pronoun 'cada um'.
A arte de fazer café envolve não apenas a qualidade do grão, mas também a escolha da xícara adequada.
The art of making coffee involves not only the quality of the bean but also the choice of the appropriate cup.
Complex sentence structure with correlative conjunction 'não apenas... mas também'.
Naquela loja de antiguidades, encontrei uma xícara de chá vitoriana incrivelmente rara.
In that antique shop, I found an incredibly rare Victorian teacup.
Adverbial phrase of place + verb + descriptive adjectives modifying the noun.
É fundamental que a xícara esteja limpa para apreciar plenamente o aroma do café.
It is essential that the cup be clean to fully appreciate the aroma of the coffee.
Subjunctive mood required after 'É fundamental que'.
A empresa lançou uma linha de xícaras personalizadas com o logotipo da marca.
The company launched a line of personalized cups with the brand's logo.
Verb 'lançar' + direct object + prepositional phrase indicating customization.
O ritual de tomar chá envolve a seleção cuidadosa da xícara, do bule e dos acompanhamentos.
The ritual of drinking tea involves the careful selection of the cup, the teapot, and the accompaniments.
Gerund phrase as subject + verb + list of items.
Em muitas culturas, oferecer uma xícara de café é um gesto de hospitalidade e boas-vindas.
In many cultures, offering a cup of coffee is a gesture of hospitality and welcome.
Gerund phrase as subject + verb + noun phrase.
A durabilidade de uma xícara de cerâmica pode variar dependendo da qualidade da queima.
The durability of a ceramic cup can vary depending on the quality of the firing.
Subject + verb + prepositional phrase specifying material and dependency.
Ele argumentou que a textura da bebida é sutilmente alterada quando servida numa xícara de metal.
He argued that the texture of the drink is subtly altered when served in a metal cup.
Reported speech + passive voice construction + prepositional phrase specifying material.
A escolha da xícara não é meramente estética; ela influencia a percepção do sabor e do aroma da bebida.
The choice of the cup is not merely aesthetic; it influences the perception of the drink's flavor and aroma.
Abstract noun subject + verb + adverbial phrase + subordinate clause with verb + object.
O artesão dedicou meses ao aprimoramento do design de cada xícara, buscando a perfeição ergonômica.
The artisan dedicated months to perfecting the design of each cup, seeking ergonomic perfection.
Verb + time period + gerund phrase + object + participial phrase indicating goal.
A persistência do calor na xícara de barro cozido é notável, mantendo a bebida quente por mais tempo.
The persistence of heat in the fired clay cup is remarkable, keeping the drink warm for longer.
Abstract noun subject + verb + participial phrase acting as adjective.
A introdução de xícaras descartáveis revolucionou o consumo de café 'on-the-go', embora com implicações ambientais significativas.
The introduction of disposable cups revolutionized the consumption of coffee 'on-the-go', albeit with significant environmental implications.
Noun phrase subject + verb + object + adverbial phrase + concessive clause.
A forma da borda da xícara pode afetar a maneira como o líquido flui para a boca, impactando a experiência gustativa.
The shape of the cup's rim can affect how the liquid flows into the mouth, impacting the tasting experience.
Complex subject + verb + subordinate clause + participial phrase.
Colecionadores buscam xícaras com assinaturas de artistas renomados, valorizando a singularidade e a proveniência.
Collectors seek cups with signatures of renowned artists, valuing uniqueness and provenance.
Subject + verb + object + participial phrase indicating motivation.
A manutenção de uma xícara de café de alta qualidade requer cuidados específicos para preservar suas propriedades.
Maintaining a high-quality coffee cup requires specific care to preserve its properties.
Gerund phrase as subject + verb + infinitive phrase indicating purpose.
O design minimalista da xícara reflete uma tendência contemporânea em utensílios domésticos, priorizando a funcionalidade e a estética.
The minimalist design of the cup reflects a contemporary trend in household utensils, prioritizing functionality and aesthetics.
Subject + verb + object + participial phrase indicating characteristics.
A fenomenologia da percepção sensorial revela como a materialidade da xícara, sua temperatura e textura, moldam intrinsecamente a experiência gustativa.
The phenomenology of sensory perception reveals how the materiality of the cup, its temperature and texture, intrinsically shapes the gustatory experience.
Complex subject + verb + subordinate clause with participial phrase modifying the subject.
O legado cultural das casas de chá britânicas é perpetuado através da elegância intemporal das suas xícaras de porcelana fina.
The cultural legacy of British tea houses is perpetuated through the timeless elegance of their fine porcelain cups.
Passive voice + prepositional phrase + noun phrase with multiple adjectives.
A arqueologia revela que os primeiros recipientes para líquidos, precursores da xícara moderna, datam de milênios atrás, evidenciando a antiguidade do hábito.
Archaeology reveals that the earliest containers for liquids, precursors to the modern cup, date back millennia, evidencing the antiquity of the habit.
Subject + verb + subordinate clause with appositive phrase + verb phrase.
O mercado de colecionáveis de cerâmica é impulsionado pela escassez de peças de mestres ceramistas, onde cada xícara autêntica se torna um investimento.
The market for ceramic collectibles is driven by the scarcity of pieces by master potters, where each authentic cup becomes an investment.
Passive voice subject + verb + relative clause + appositive phrase.
A ergonomia aplicada ao design de utensílios visa otimizar a interação humana, resultando em xícaras que se adaptam perfeitamente à mão.
Ergonomics applied to utensil design aims to optimize human interaction, resulting in cups that adapt perfectly to the hand.
Subject + verb phrase + participial phrase indicating consequence.
A transição de recipientes rústicos para a xícara refinada reflete a evolução social e tecnológica da humanidade.
The transition from rustic containers to the refined cup reflects the social and technological evolution of humanity.
Subject + verb + object + prepositional phrase specifying the scope of reflection.
A disseminação global do café transformou a xícara num símbolo ubíquo de pausa, socialização e ritual diário.
The global dissemination of coffee has transformed the cup into a ubiquitous symbol of pause, socialization, and daily ritual.
Subject + verb + object + appositive phrase.
A análise da composição química da argila utilizada na fabricação de xícaras antigas fornece insights sobre as práticas de produção da época.
The analysis of the chemical composition of the clay used in the manufacture of ancient cups provides insights into the production practices of the era.
Subject + verb + object + prepositional phrase + noun phrase indicating scope.
常见搭配
常用短语
Summary
A 'xícara' is a fundamental Portuguese word for 'cup', specifically referring to a vessel, usually with a handle, designed for drinking hot beverages like coffee or tea. It's a common item in daily life, found in kitchens, cafes, and restaurants.
- A 'xícara' is a cup for hot drinks.
- It typically has a handle and is smaller than a mug.
- Used for coffee, tea, hot chocolate.
- Common in homes, cafes, and restaurants.
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