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A2 noun 10分钟阅读

abajur

开始练习例句笔记与提示 abajur 30秒了解

解析 abajur in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should learn 'abajur' as a basic noun for a household object. Think of it as part of your bedroom vocabulary. You should know how to say 'the lamp' (o abajur) and 'a lamp' (um abajur). At this stage, you focus on simple actions like 'Eu tenho um abajur' (I have a lamp) or 'O abajur é azul' (The lamp is blue). It is one of the essential words for describing a room, along with 'cama' (bed) and 'mesa' (table). You don't need to worry about complex grammar, just the word itself and its gender (masculine). It's a great word to practice because it's used exactly like the English 'lamp' in most domestic contexts. You might also learn it alongside the verb 'querer' (to want), as in 'Eu quero um abajur para o meu quarto'. This level is about building the foundation of your domestic vocabulary.

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At the A2 level, you start using 'abajur' with more descriptive adjectives and in more complex sentences. You should be able to describe where it is using prepositions like 'em cima de' (on top of) or 'ao lado de' (beside). For example: 'O abajur está em cima da mesa de cabeceira'. You also begin to use the plural form 'abajures' correctly. This is also the stage where you learn the verbs 'acender' (to turn on) and 'apagar' (to turn off), which are frequently paired with 'abajur'. You might say, 'Por favor, apague o abajur quando sair'. You are now able to participate in basic conversations about home decor or daily routines involving the lamp. You understand that it is a masculine noun and ensure that your adjectives like 'pequeno' or 'bonito' agree with it.

At the B1 level, you can use 'abajur' in the context of personal preferences and more detailed descriptions. You might explain why you chose a specific lamp: 'Eu prefiro este abajur porque a luz dele é mais suave e relaxante para ler'. You can handle situations like shopping for a lamp and asking about materials or prices: 'Quanto custa aquele abajur de madeira?'. You also start to understand the cultural nuances, such as the French origin of the word. Your grammar becomes more fluid, and you can use the word in different tenses, like the past: 'Ontem à noite, eu deixei o abajur aceso por engano'. You are comfortable using the word in narratives about your home or your habits, and you can distinguish it from other lighting terms like 'luminária' or 'lustre' in most everyday situations.

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At the B2 level, you use 'abajur' with precision in varied contexts, including interior design and more sophisticated storytelling. You might discuss the 'estética' (aesthetics) of an abajur and how it contributes to the 'iluminação indireta' (indirect lighting) of a room. You are capable of using the word in idiomatic or more complex grammatical structures, such as passive voice: 'O abajur foi colocado no canto da sala para criar um ambiente acolhedor'. You understand the technical parts of the object, like the 'cúpula' (shade) and 'fiação' (wiring). You can also compare different styles of abajures using a wide range of vocabulary, discussing whether a lamp is 'retrô', 'minimalista', or 'clássico'. Your use of the word is natural, and you can follow fast-paced conversations about home improvement or lifestyle without hesitation.

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At the C1 level, your use of 'abajur' is indistinguishable from a native speaker. You can use it in metaphorical or literary contexts. You might encounter the word in complex literature where it's used to set a specific mood or symbolize a character's internal state. You understand the subtle differences in usage between Brazilian and European Portuguese (abajur vs candeeiro). You can engage in deep discussions about design history, perhaps mentioning how the 'estilo Art Déco' influenced the design of certain abajures. You are also aware of the word's appearance in song lyrics and can analyze its poetic significance. Your vocabulary surrounding the word is extensive, covering everything from electrical safety to the physics of light diffusion through different fabrics of a 'cúpula'.

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At the C2 level, you have complete mastery over the word 'abajur' and its place in the Portuguese language. You can use it in any register, from highly academic discussions about linguistics (the evolution of French loanwords in Portuguese) to slang-heavy informal chats. You can write essays or professional design critiques where the 'abajur' is a focal point of the spatial analysis. You are familiar with the most obscure synonyms and related historical terms. You can play with the word in creative writing, using it as a motif. You understand the full range of its emotional and cultural weight in Lusophone societies. There is no context—be it technical, artistic, or colloquial—where you would struggle to use or understand 'abajur' perfectly.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

abajur 30秒了解

A masculine noun meaning 'table lamp' or 'lampshade'.
Derived from French, used for soft, localized indoor lighting.
Pluralized as 'abajures', commonly found on nightstands and desks.
Essential for home decor vocabulary and daily domestic routines.

The Portuguese word abajur is a fascinating linguistic loanword that has become a staple of household vocabulary throughout the Lusophone world. Derived directly from the French term abat-jour, which literally translates to 'down-daylight' or something that deflects light, it refers specifically to a lampshade or, by extension, the entire small table lamp used for ambient lighting. In a typical Brazilian or Portuguese home, an abajur is not just a functional object but a key element of interior design and comfort. People use this word when they are discussing home decor, preparing for a night of reading, or setting the mood for a cozy evening. Unlike a central ceiling light, which is often called a lâmpada de teto or lustre, the abajur provides a soft, localized glow that is essential for bedrooms and living rooms.

Grammatical Gender: The word is masculine: o abajur. When pluralized, it follows the rule for words ending in 'r', becoming os abajures.

Eu comprei um abajur novo para o meu criado-mudo porque adoro ler antes de dormir.

When you walk into a furniture store like IKEA or a local Brazilian loja de móveis, you will see various styles of abajures, from minimalist modern designs to classic vintage ones with fabric shades. The term is deeply associated with the concept of aconchego (coziness). In a conversation about renovation, someone might say they need more 'pontos de luz', and the abajur is the primary solution for secondary lighting.

Cultural Nuance: In older Portuguese literature, the abajur often symbolizes the intimacy of the home or the late-night studies of a scholar. It is a word that evokes warmth and the quiet transition from day to night.

A luz suave do abajur deixava a sala muito mais acolhedora durante o inverno.

Understanding the use of this word also requires knowing the associated verbs: acender (to turn on/light) and apagar (to turn off/extinguish). While 'ligar' and 'desligar' are also used for electrical devices, 'acender' is very common for lights.

Por favor, acenda o abajur para que eu possa encontrar meus óculos na mesa.

In modern Brazilian Portuguese, you might also hear luminária, which is a broader term for any lighting fixture, but abajur remains the specific choice for that iconic table lamp with a shade.

Design Context: Interior designers often discuss the 'cúpula do abajur' (the lampshade itself) and the 'base do abajur' (the stand) as separate aesthetic components.

A cúpula de seda deste abajur é muito elegante e cara.

O gato derrubou o abajur e a lâmpada se quebrou em mil pedaços.

Through the decades, the abajur has appeared in Brazilian popular music and soap operas, often during romantic scenes or late-night reflections, cementing its place as an object of emotional and domestic significance.

Using abajur in a sentence requires an understanding of basic Portuguese syntax, particularly regarding articles and adjectives. Since it is a masculine noun, it always takes the masculine article o (the) or um (a). When describing the lamp, adjectives must also agree in gender. For example, 'the beautiful lamp' is o abajur bonito.

Possession: To say 'my lamp', use 'meu abajur'. To say 'your lamp', use 'seu abajur'.

Onde você colocou o meu abajur antigo que estava na sala?

In terms of placement, the abajur is usually em cima de (on top of) something. Common locations include the mesa de cabeceira (nightstand), escrivaninha (desk), or aparador (sideboard).

Coloque o abajur sobre a mesa para iluminar o teclado.

Action Verbs: The most common actions associated with an abajur are 'acender' (to light), 'apagar' (to turn off), 'limpar' (to clean), and 'consertar' (to fix).

Eu esqueci de apagar o abajur antes de sair de casa hoje de manhã.

When you are shopping, you might need to describe the material.

Gostaria de ver aquele abajur de cristal que está na vitrine.

In a more abstract sense, the abajur can be used in descriptions of atmosphere.

Apenas um abajur estava aceso, criando uma atmosfera de mistério no quarto.

Comparisons: You can compare sizes: 'Este abajur é maior que o outro'. Or styles: 'Este abajur é mais moderno'.

Os abajures daquela loja são muito mais caros do que eu esperava.

Finally, consider the electrical aspect. You might talk about the fio do abajur (the lamp cord) or the interruptor do abajur (the lamp switch). 'O interruptor do abajur está quebrado' means the switch is broken. Mastering these variations allows you to navigate domestic life in a Portuguese-speaking environment with ease.

The word abajur is ubiquitous in daily Portuguese life, but its frequency peaks in specific environments. One of the most common places is in the context of home decoration and retail. If you are watching a home makeover show on a Brazilian channel like GNT, you will hear designers debating the placement of an abajur to create 'luz indireta' (indirect light). In retail, stores like Tok&Stok or Etna have entire sections dedicated to abajures e luminárias.

Domestic Life: In the morning or evening, family members might ask each other to turn the lamp on or off. 'Filho, apague o abajur e vá dormir' (Son, turn off the lamp and go to sleep).

Vou comprar um abajur novo porque o antigo não combina mais com o quarto.

In hospitality, you will find this word in hotels. A guest might call the reception to say, 'O abajur do meu quarto não está funcionando'. Housekeeping staff also use the term when checking the room's inventory and functionality.

O recepcionista anotou que o abajur precisava de uma lâmpada nova.

Art and Media: In Brazilian songs, especially Bossa Nova or MPB, the abajur is often mentioned to set a romantic or melancholic scene. It represents the quiet, private world of the home.

Naquela música romântica, ele fala sobre a luz do abajur refletindo nos olhos dela.

You will also encounter the word in online marketplaces like Mercado Livre or OLX. If someone is selling second-hand furniture, 'abajur' is a high-traffic keyword.

Anunciei o abajur de porcelana da minha avó para vender na internet.

Work Environment: In offices, particularly those with a focus on ergonomics or 'home office' setups, people talk about the 'abajur de mesa' to avoid eye strain.

Preciso de um abajur articulado para trabalhar melhor à noite.

Finally, children's literature often uses the abajur as a 'monster-deterrent'—the small light that stays on to keep the dark away. This makes it one of the first household objects many Brazilian children learn to name.

Learning abajur seems simple, but there are several pitfalls that English speakers and even beginning Portuguese students often fall into. The first and most prominent mistake is the plural form. In English, we just add an 's'. In Portuguese, learners often try to say abajurs. However, the correct plural is abajures. This follows the standard rule for nouns ending in 'r' (like mar to mares or flor to flores).

Plural Rule: Incorrect: 'Os abajurs estão ligados'. Correct: 'Os abajures estão ligados'.

Comprei dois abajures idênticos para as mesas de cabeceira.

Another common error is assigning the wrong gender. Because many decorative home items like almofada (cushion) or cortina (curtain) are feminine, learners sometimes assume abajur is feminine too. It is strictly masculine: o abajur.

Este abajur (masculine) é muito bonito (masculine).

Confusion with 'Lâmpada': English speakers often use 'lamp' for both the bulb and the fixture. In Portuguese, 'lâmpada' is only the bulb. If you say 'trocar o abajur', you are replacing the whole furniture piece. If you mean just the bulb, say 'trocar a lâmpada'.

Preciso trocar a lâmpada do abajur porque ela queimou.

Spelling is another area of confusion. Because it's a loanword, people sometimes try to spell it like the French abat-jour or with a 'g' instead of a 'j'. In Portuguese, it is always abajur.

Ela escreveu abajur corretamente na lista de compras da loja.

Preposition Misuse: Learners often say 'luz de abajur' when they mean 'a luz do abajur'. Using the contraction 'do' (de + o) is more natural when referring to a specific lamp.

A luz do abajur é melhor para os olhos do que a luz do teto.

Finally, avoid overusing 'abajur' for things that aren't table lamps. A floor lamp is often called a luminária de chão. Using 'abajur' for a massive standing lamp might sound slightly odd to a native speaker.

While abajur is the most common term for a shaded table lamp, Portuguese offers several alternatives depending on the context, the region, and the specific design of the lighting fixture. Understanding these nuances will make your vocabulary much richer and more precise.

Luminária: This is a generic term for any lighting fixture. While an abajur is a type of luminária, not all luminárias are abajures. For example, a modern LED desk lamp without a shade is usually called a luminária de mesa.

Comprei uma luminária de LED para o meu escritório.

Candeeiro: Very common in European Portuguese (Portugal). It covers everything from street lamps to bedside lamps. In Brazil, it sounds somewhat old-fashioned or refers specifically to oil lamps (candeeiro a óleo).

Em Lisboa, chamamos o abajur de candeeiro de mesa.

Lustre: A chandelier or a large, decorative ceiling light. You would never call a small bedside lamp a lustre.

O lustre de cristal da sala de jantar é magnífico.

Lanterna: A flashlight or a lantern. It is portable and usually battery-operated. Don't use this for a plug-in home lamp.

Acenda a lanterna porque acabou a energia elétrica.

In summary, while abajur is your go-to word for that cozy bedroom light, being aware of luminária, candeeiro, and lustre will help you describe any lighting situation in a Portuguese-speaking home. For instance, if you want to be very formal, you might say 'aparelho de iluminação', but that is strictly for technical documents or architectural plans. In everyday life, stick with abajur for the small table lamp and you will sound like a native.

How Formal Is It?

正式

中性

非正式

Child friendly

俚语

趣味小知识

The word entered the Portuguese language in the 19th century when French culture and fashion were highly influential in Brazil and Portugal. It replaced more traditional terms for specialized lighting.

发音指南

UK /ˌæb.əˈʒʊər/

US /ˌæb.əˈʒʊr/

The stress in Portuguese is on the last syllable: a-ba-JUR.

押韵词

azul sul paul taful baul conjuntivite (false rhyme) murmur (partial) tambur

常见错误

Pronouncing the 'j' as an English 'j' (like 'jump'). It should be a soft 'zh' sound.
Silent 'r' at the end. In Portuguese, the final 'r' must be pronounced.
Stress on the first or second syllable.
Nasalizing the 'a' sounds unnecessarily.
Confusing the 'u' sound with an 'o' sound.

难度评级

阅读 1/5

Very easy to recognize due to its consistent spelling and French roots.

写作 2/5

Slight difficulty with the plural 'abajures' and remembering the 'j' instead of 'g'.

口语 2/5

Requires mastering the soft 'j' sound and the final 'r'.

听力 1/5

Clear and distinct sound, easy to pick out in conversation.

接下来学什么

前置知识

luz mesa quarto casa bonito

接下来学习

luminária lustre interruptor tomada eletricidade

高级

incandescente fluorescente difusão ergonomia estética

需要掌握的语法

Plural of nouns ending in 'r'

abajur -> abajures, flor -> flores

Masculine gender for objects ending in 'ur'

o abajur, o fêmur (though 'ur' is rare in Portuguese)

Agreement of adjectives with masculine nouns

o abajur novo, o abajur antigo

Use of 'de' for material composition

abajur de madeira, abajur de metal

Contraction of prepositions with definite articles

na mesa (em + a), do abajur (de + o)

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按水平分级的例句

O abajur é azul.

The lamp is blue.

Simple subject-verb-adjective structure. 'O' is the masculine article.

Eu tenho um abajur.

I have a lamp.

Use of the indefinite article 'um' for a masculine noun.

O abajur está na mesa.

The lamp is on the table.

Preposition 'na' (em + a) indicates location.

O abajur é pequeno.

The lamp is small.

Adjective 'pequeno' agrees with the masculine noun 'abajur'.

Onde está o abajur?

Where is the lamp?

Question word 'Onde' used with the verb 'estar' for location.

Um abajur branco.

A white lamp.

Noun-adjective pair. Color 'branco' is masculine.

Gosto do meu abajur.

I like my lamp.

Verb 'gostar' requires the preposition 'de'. 'Do' = de + o.

O abajur é novo.

The lamp is new.

Adjective 'novo' agrees with 'abajur'.

Você pode acender o abajur?

Can you turn on the lamp?

Use of 'pode' (can) followed by the infinitive 'acender'.

O abajur está ao lado da cama.

The lamp is beside the bed.

Locative phrase 'ao lado de' (beside).

Eu comprei dois abajures para a sala.

I bought two lamps for the living room.

Correct plural form 'abajures' (ending in 'r' + 'es').

Por favor, apague o abajur agora.

Please, turn off the lamp now.

Imperative 'apague' from the verb 'apagar'.

O abajur de vidro é muito caro.

The glass lamp is very expensive.

Use of 'de' to indicate material (glass).

Meu abajur quebrou ontem à noite.

My lamp broke last night.

Past tense 'quebrou' from the verb 'quebrar'.

Ela prefere o abajur com luz amarela.

She prefers the lamp with yellow light.

Verb 'preferir' and descriptive phrase 'com luz amarela'.

O abajur antigo era da minha avó.

The old lamp belonged to my grandmother.

Imperfect tense 'era' for descriptions in the past.

A luz do abajur é perfeita para ler livros de mistério.

The lamp light is perfect for reading mystery books.

Complex subject 'A luz do abajur' (The light of the lamp).

Eu estava procurando um abajur que combinasse com as cortinas.

I was looking for a lamp that would match the curtains.

Subjunctive 'combinasse' used in a relative clause of purpose/search.

Se o abajur estivesse ligado, eu teria visto o degrau.

If the lamp had been on, I would have seen the step.

Conditional sentence with imperfect subjunctive.

Este abajur moderno consome muito menos energia do que o antigo.

This modern lamp consumes much less energy than the old one.

Comparative structure 'menos... do que'.

O design deste abajur foi inspirado no estilo industrial.

The design of this lamp was inspired by the industrial style.

Passive voice 'foi inspirado' (was inspired).

Você sabe onde posso encontrar uma cúpula nova para este abajur?

Do you know where I can find a new shade for this lamp?

Indirect question within a main clause.

O abajur parou de funcionar de repente, deve ser o fusível.

The lamp stopped working suddenly, it must be the fuse.

Verb 'parar de' followed by infinitive.

Sempre deixo o abajur aceso quando chego tarde em casa.

I always leave the lamp on when I get home late.

Adverb 'sempre' and the state 'aceso' (lit/on).

A iluminação suave proporcionada pelo abajur cria um ambiente relaxante.

The soft lighting provided by the lamp creates a relaxing environment.

Past participle 'proporcionada' acting as an adjective.

Embora o abajur seja bonito, ele não ilumina o suficiente para o trabalho.

Although the lamp is beautiful, it doesn't light up enough for work.

Conjunction 'embora' requires the subjunctive 'seja'.

O decorador sugeriu que trocássemos o abajur por uma luminária de pé.

The decorator suggested that we swap the lamp for a floor lamp.

Verb of suggestion 'sugerir' followed by the subjunctive.

O abajur de porcelana pintado à mão é a peça central do quarto.

The hand-painted porcelain lamp is the centerpiece of the bedroom.

Compound adjective 'pintado à mão' (hand-painted).

Não se esqueça de verificar se o fio do abajur está em boas condições.

Don't forget to check if the lamp cord is in good condition.

Pronominal verb 'esquecer-se de' in the negative imperative.

A intensidade da luz do abajur pode ser regulada por um dimmer.

The light intensity of the lamp can be regulated by a dimmer.

Passive voice 'pode ser regulada'.

O abajur caiu da mesa, mas felizmente a cúpula não rasgou.

The lamp fell off the table, but fortunately the shade didn't tear.

Adverb 'felizmente' and the verb 'rasgar' (to tear).

Ao entrar no escritório, percebi que o abajur ainda estava quente.

Upon entering the office, I noticed the lamp was still warm.

Temporal clause starting with 'Ao' + infinitive.

A luz tênue do abajur projetava sombras longas e dramáticas nas paredes de gesso.

The faint light of the lamp projected long, dramatic shadows on the plaster walls.

Sophisticated vocabulary: 'tênue' (faint), 'projetava' (projected).

Raramente encontramos abajures de tamanha elegância em lojas de departamento comuns.

We rarely find lamps of such elegance in common department stores.

Inverted word order with 'Raramente' and high-level noun phrase 'tamanha elegância'.

O abajur, outrora um objeto meramente funcional, tornou-se um ícone do design contemporâneo.

The lamp, once a merely functional object, has become an icon of contemporary design.

Use of 'outrora' (formerly) and 'tornou-se' (became).

A sutil variação cromática da cúpula do abajur altera a percepção das cores no ambiente.

The subtle chromatic variation of the lampshade alters the perception of colors in the environment.

Technical/artistic vocabulary like 'variação cromática'.

Caso o abajur apresente qualquer mau contato, desligue-o imediatamente da tomada.

Should the lamp show any loose connection, unplug it immediately from the socket.

Conditional 'Caso' with the subjunctive 'apresente'.

A penumbra criada pelo abajur solitário conferia ao cômodo um ar de profunda melancolia.

The gloom created by the lone lamp gave the room an air of deep melancholy.

Literary verb 'conferia' (gave/bestowed).

A restauração do abajur antigo exigiu habilidades manuais extremamente minuciosas.

The restoration of the antique lamp required extremely meticulous manual skills.

Noun phrase 'habilidades manuais extremamente minuciosas'.

O reflexo do abajur na janela impedia que eu visse o que acontecia lá fora no jardim.

The reflection of the lamp in the window prevented me from seeing what was happening outside in the garden.

Verb 'impedir' followed by 'que' + subjunctive.

A onipresença do abajur nas residências burguesas do século XIX denota uma mudança nos hábitos de leitura.

The ubiquity of the lamp in 19th-century bourgeois residences denotes a change in reading habits.

Academic register using 'onipresença' and 'denota'.

O abajur atua como um difusor que mitiga a crueza da luz artificial, humanizando o espaço arquitetônico.

The lamp acts as a diffuser that mitigates the rawness of artificial light, humanizing the architectural space.

Highly technical and abstract vocabulary.

Sob a égide da luz do abajur, o escritor tecia suas tramas mais complexas durante as madrugadas silenciosas.

Under the aegis of the lamp's light, the writer wove his most complex plots during the silent early hours.

Poetic expression 'Sob a égide' (under the protection/influence).

A desconstrução estética do abajur tradicional resultou em obras de arte que desafiam a funcionalidade do objeto.

The aesthetic deconstruction of the traditional lamp resulted in artworks that challenge the object's functionality.

Abstract concept 'desconstrução estética'.

A escolha do material da cúpula do abajur é crucial para a correta dispersão do fluxo luminoso no recinto.

The choice of the lampshade material is crucial for the correct dispersion of the luminous flux in the room.

Technical lighting terminology 'fluxo luminoso'.

O abajur, conquanto seja um item trivial, carrega consigo uma carga semântica de intimidade e recolhimento.

The lamp, although it is a trivial item, carries with it a semantic load of intimacy and seclusion.

Conjunction 'conquanto' (although) with the subjunctive.

A obsolescência programada dos abajures modernos contrasta com a durabilidade secular das peças de ferro fundido.

The planned obsolescence of modern lamps contrasts with the secular durability of cast iron pieces.

Socio-economic term 'obsolescência programada'.

Poder-se-ia argumentar que o abajur é o guardião silencioso dos segredos compartilhados à meia-luz.

One could argue that the lamp is the silent guardian of secrets shared in the half-light.

Use of the mesoclisis 'Poder-se-ia' (One could/It could be).

常见搭配

acender o abajur

apagar o abajur

abajur de mesa

abajur de cabeceira

cúpula de abajur

luz do abajur

abajur antigo

comprar um abajur

abajur articulado

base do abajur

常用短语

À luz do abajur

— By the light of the lamp. Usually implies a cozy or intimate setting.

Conversamos por horas à luz do abajur.

Trocar a lâmpada do abajur

— To change the bulb of the lamp. A common household chore.

Preciso trocar a lâmpada do abajur do quarto.

Abajur de cristal

— A crystal lamp. Often associated with luxury or traditional decor.

O abajur de cristal brilha muito.

Limpar o abajur

— To dust or clean the lamp. Important for maintenance.

Sempre uso um pano seco para limpar o abajur.

O fio do abajur

— The lamp cord. Often mentioned when discussing electrical safety or placement.

O fio do abajur é curto demais.

Abajur ligado

— Lamp turned on. Describes the state of the object.

Deixei o abajur ligado a noite toda.

Abajur desligado

— Lamp turned off. The opposite state.

Com o abajur desligado, o quarto fica escuro.

Um par de abajures

— A pair of lamps. Common for symmetric nightstand setups.

Comprei um par de abajures para o quarto de hóspedes.

Estilo do abajur

— The style of the lamp. Used in decoration discussions.

O estilo do abajur é vintage.

Quebrar o abajur

— To break the lamp. A common domestic accident.

Cuidado para não quebrar o abajur!

容易混淆的词

abajur vs lâmpada

English speakers use 'lamp' for both. In Portuguese, 'lâmpada' is only the bulb.

abajur vs lustre

A 'lustre' is a ceiling chandelier, not a table lamp.

abajur vs lanterna

A 'lanterna' is a handheld flashlight, not a decorative home lamp.

习语与表达

"Luz de abajur"

— Metaphorically refers to soft, indirect, or romantic lighting. It implies a mood rather than just the object.

O restaurante tinha uma luz de abajur deliciosa.

informal

"Ficar no escuro"

— To be left in the dark (literally or figuratively). Related because the abajur prevents this.

Sem o abajur, ficamos no escuro.

neutral

"Pôr luz sobre algo"

— To shed light on something (clarify). While not using 'abajur' directly, it's the conceptual opposite of the lamp's function.

Sua explicação pôs luz sobre o problema.

neutral

"Meia-luz"

— Dim light or half-light. The kind of atmosphere an abajur creates.

Eles jantaram à meia-luz.

neutral

"Apagar as luzes"

— To end something or go to sleep. Often involves the abajur as the last light.

É hora de apagar as luzes e descansar.

neutral

"Brilhar como um abajur"

— Not a standard idiom, but used creatively to describe something that stands out in a soft way.

Ela brilhava como um abajur naquela sala escura.

poetic

"Estar com a lâmpada queimada"

— To be slow or not thinking clearly (slang). Related to the bulb inside the abajur.

Hoje ele está com a lâmpada queimada, não entende nada.

slang

"Dar um brilho"

— To improve something or make it look better. Like a lamp improves a room.

Esse quadro deu um brilho na sala.

informal

"Sombra e água fresca"

— A life of ease and comfort. The kind of life where you just sit under an abajur and relax.

Agora eu só quero sombra e água fresca.

informal

"Ver a luz"

— To finally understand something. The 'luz' is the result of turning on the abajur of the mind.

Finalmente vi a luz e entendi o erro.

informal

容易混淆

abajur vs luminária

Both refer to lighting objects.

Luminária is a broad category; abajur is specifically a shaded table lamp.

Toda abajur é uma luminária, mas nem toda luminária é um abajur.

abajur vs candeeiro

Regional differences.

In Portugal, 'candeeiro' is the general word for lamp. In Brazil, 'abajur' is preferred for table lamps.

Em Lisboa dizem candeeiro, em São Paulo dizem abajur.

abajur vs arandela

Both are decorative lights.

Arandela is fixed to the wall; abajur sits on a table.

A arandela fica na parede, o abajur fica na mesa.

abajur vs refletor

Both provide light.

Refletor is a powerful floodlight for outdoor or stage use.

O refletor ilumina o estádio, o abajur ilumina o livro.

abajur vs vela

Both provide ambient light.

Vela is a candle made of wax; abajur is electrical.

A vela derrete, o abajur consome energia.

句型

O abajur é [cor].

O abajur é verde.

Eu quero um abajur [adjetivo].

Eu quero um abajur grande.

O abajur está [preposição] da [móvel].

O abajur está atrás da poltrona.

Se eu tivesse um abajur, eu [verbo].

Se eu tivesse um abajur, eu leria mais.

A luz do abajur [verbo] o ambiente.

A luz do abajur suaviza o ambiente.

O abajur, embora [adjetivo], é [adjetivo].

O abajur, embora antigo, é funcional.

Cadê o abajur?

Cadê o abajur da sala?

Ligue o abajur.

Ligue o abajur agora.

词族

名词

如何使用

frequency

Very common in domestic contexts.

常见错误

A abajur → O abajur
Abajur is a masculine noun. Using the feminine article is a fundamental error.
Os abajurs → Os abajures
Nouns ending in 'r' must add 'es' to form the plural in Portuguese.
Trocar o abajur (when meaning the bulb) → Trocar a lâmpada
You don't usually replace the whole lamp when the light fails; you replace the bulb.
Abagur → Abajur
Spelling mistake. The letter 'j' is used for the /ʒ/ sound, not 'g' in this word.
Luz de abajur → Luz do abajur
When referring to the light from a specific lamp, the contraction 'do' (de + o) is required.

小贴士

Gender Agreement

Always pair 'abajur' with masculine adjectives: 'abajur bonito', 'abajur caro'. This is a common mistake for beginners.

Bulb vs. Lamp

Remember: 'lâmpada' is the bulb, 'abajur' is the lamp. If the light goes out, you usually need to 'trocar a lâmpada'.

The Soft 'J'

The 'j' in abajur is voiced. Practice by saying 'measure' and focusing on the middle consonant sound.

Cozy Vibes

In Brazil, using an abajur instead of the main light is called 'luz indireta' and is considered very sophisticated and cozy.

Plural Mastery

Say 'abajures' out loud several times to get used to the 'r-e-s' ending, which is different from English.

Buying Parts

If you only need the top part, ask for the 'cúpula'. If you only need the bottom, ask for the 'base'.

Electrical Safety

Always mention the 'tomada' (socket) and 'fio' (cord) when talking about setting up your abajur.

Decor Terms

Learn words like 'retrô', 'clássico', and 'moderno' to describe your abajur style.

Action Verbs

Master 'acender' and 'apagar'. These are the most natural verbs to use with lighting.

Portugal vs Brazil

If you are in Portugal, use 'candeeiro'. If you are in Brazil, 'abajur' is perfect.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'A Bad Juror' who needs a lamp (abajur) to read the evidence in the dark. Abajur sounds like 'A-ba-jur'.

视觉联想

Imagine a classic detective novel setting: a dark room with only one small lamp on a desk, casting a circle of light. That lamp is your 'abajur'.

Word Web

luz quarto mesa leitura noite decoração cúpula lâmpada

挑战

Try to describe the abajur in your room. What color is it? Where is it located? When do you turn it on?

词源

From the French word 'abat-jour'. The French word is composed of 'abat' (from the verb 'abattre', to strike down or lower) and 'jour' (day/light). It originally referred to a device to deflect or soften daylight.

原始含义： A device to deflect light or a skylight that reflects light downwards.

Romance (via French loanword).

文化背景

No specific sensitivities; 'abajur' is a neutral, everyday household term.

In English, we often just say 'lamp'. In Portuguese, 'abajur' specifically implies the shade and the table-top nature, whereas 'lamp' can be more general.

The song 'Abajur Lilás' (Ivan Lins), a classic of Brazilian music. The use of bedside lamps in iconic Brazilian 'telenovelas' to signal nighttime scenes. Classic interior design books in Brazil often feature 'abajures' as focal points.

在生活中练习

真实语境

At home

Acende o abajur, por favor.
O abajur está na mesa de cabeceira.
Vou apagar o abajur agora.
O abajur é muito claro.

In a furniture store

Quanto custa este abajur?
Vocês têm abajures de outras cores?
Este abajur vem com a lâmpada?
Gostaria de ver os abajures modernos.

In a hotel

O abajur do quarto não liga.
Pode consertar o abajur, por favor?
Há um abajur perto da mesa?
O abajur está quebrado.

Discussing decoration

Aquele abajur combina com o tapete.
A luz do abajur cria um clima bom.
Prefiro abajures clássicos.
A cúpula do abajur é de seda.

Reading at night

Preciso de um abajur para ler.
A luz deste abajur é muito fraca.
Ligue o abajur para não forçar a vista.
O abajur caiu enquanto eu lia.

对话开场白

"Você prefere ler com a luz do teto ou com um abajur?"

"Onde você comprou esse abajur tão bonito?"

"Você acha que um abajur de cristal combina com uma sala moderna?"

"Quantos abajures você tem na sua casa?"

"Você gosta de luz quente ou fria no seu abajur?"

日记主题

Descreva o abajur ideal para o seu quarto dos sonhos.

Escreva sobre uma noite em que você ficou lendo à luz de um abajur.

Compare as vantagens de um abajur em relação a uma luminária de teto.

Relate um acidente doméstico envolvendo um abajur quebrado.

Explique por que a iluminação de um abajur é importante para o seu bem-estar.

常见问题

10 个问题

É masculino. Dizemos 'o abajur' e 'um abajur'. Nunca use 'a' ou 'uma' com esta palavra.

Pode-se dizer 'cúpula de abajur'. No entanto, muitas vezes a palavra 'abajur' já implica o conjunto da base e da cúpula.

O plural correto é 'abajures'. Como termina em 'r', adicionamos 'es' no final.

Não é comum. Para o teto, usamos 'lustre', 'pendente' ou simplesmente 'lâmpada de teto'.

Sim, é usada e entendida, mas 'candeeiro de mesa' é muito mais frequente em Portugal.

Dizemos 'acender o abajur' ou 'ligar o abajur'. Ambas as formas são corretas.

É um abajur que tem 'braços' móveis, permitindo direcionar a luz para diferentes posições, comum em escritórios.

Vem do francês 'abat-jour', que significa algo que 'abaixa' ou 'desvia' a luz do dia.

Deve-se usar um espanador ou um pano seco na cúpula e um pano levemente úmido na base, sempre com ele desligado.

Não. Uma lanterna é portátil e a bateria. O abajur é um móvel decorativo que vai na tomada.

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