意思
Being resistant to criticism.
文化背景
In Slovenian rural culture, 'trda koža' was a sign of a 'korenjak' (a sturdy, brave man). It's a point of pride to be able to work through pain or insults without showing weakness. Across the broader Balkan region, there is a shared value of 'inat' (stubborn defiance). Having 'trdo kožo' is often a component of 'inat'—refusing to let others break your spirit. In Ljubljana's startup scene, 'trda koža' is frequently used in English-Slovenian 'Slovenglish' contexts, often replaced by the English term 'resilience', but the idiom remains the standard for older managers. Slovenian fans can be very critical of the national football or basketball teams. Athletes are often reminded by the media that they must have 'trdo kožo' to play for the national jersey.
Use with 'pridobiti'
Instead of just 'having' it, use 'pridobiti si trdo kožo' (to acquire/gain thick skin) to describe a process of growth.
Watch the Negation
Always remember: 'Imam trdo kožo' BUT 'Nimam trde kože'. This is the #1 mistake for learners.
意思
Being resistant to criticism.
Use with 'pridobiti'
Instead of just 'having' it, use 'pridobiti si trdo kožo' (to acquire/gain thick skin) to describe a process of growth.
Watch the Negation
Always remember: 'Imam trdo kožo' BUT 'Nimam trde kože'. This is the #1 mistake for learners.
Not an Insult
In Slovenia, telling someone they have 'trdo kožo' is almost always a compliment about their strength.
自我测试
Fill in the correct form of 'trda koža' in the negative sentence.
Marko je zelo občutljiv. On nima ______ ______.
Because the sentence is negative ('nima'), the object must be in the genitive case.
Which situation best fits the idiom 'imeti trdo kožo'?
Kdaj rečemo, da ima nekdo trdo kožo?
The idiom refers to emotional resilience against criticism.
Complete the dialogue with the correct phrase.
A: 'Šef je bil danes zelo grob do mene.' B: 'Ne skrbi, v tej pisarni moraš ______ ______.'
'Imeti trdo kožo' is the correct idiom for handling a harsh boss. 'Trdo glavo' means stubborn, and 'dolg jezik' means talkative/rude.
🎉 得分： /3
视觉学习工具
Trda Koža vs. Trda Glava
练习题库
3 练习Marko je zelo občutljiv. On nima ______ ______.
Because the sentence is negative ('nima'), the object must be in the genitive case.
Kdaj rečemo, da ima nekdo trdo kožo?
The idiom refers to emotional resilience against criticism.
A: 'Šef je bil danes zelo grob do mene.' B: 'Ne skrbi, v tej pisarni moraš ______ ______.'
'Imeti trdo kožo' is the correct idiom for handling a harsh boss. 'Trdo glavo' means stubborn, and 'dolg jezik' means talkative/rude.
🎉 得分： /3
常见问题
10 个问题No, it refers to how you *receive* criticism, not how you *treat* others. A very kind person can still have thick skin.
No, it is strictly for people or their characters. For a tough steak, you would just say 'trdo meso'.
The most common opposite is 'biti preobčutljiv' (to be oversensitive) or 'vse vzeti k srcu' (to take everything to heart).
Yes, it is perfectly acceptable in a professional context to describe resilience.
Yes, it is a near-perfect semantic match.
Yes, but it's more common to use it for adults who have 'learned' to be tough.
Both are used! 'Trda' is slightly more common in traditional speech, while 'debela' is very common now due to English influence.
Yes: 'Imata trdo kožo' (They both have thick skin). The 'skin' usually stays singular because each person has one skin.
You would say: 'Pridobivam si trdo kožo.'
Etymologically yes, but 'trdosrčen' means 'hard-hearted' or 'cruel', which is a negative trait.
相关表达
Imeti debelo kožo
synonymTo have thick skin.
Biti iz kamna
similarTo be made of stone.
Vse mu gre skozi eno uho noter, skozi drugo pa ven
similarIn one ear and out the other.
Biti mehak
contrastTo be soft.
