efterlikna 30秒了解
- To imitate or mimic someone or something.
- Often implies a deliberate effort to copy actions, style, or qualities.
- Used in learning, art, business, and everyday life.
- Can be translated as 'to emulate' or 'to copy'.
The Swedish verb 'efterlikna' is a versatile word that means to imitate, mimic, or copy someone or something. It implies a conscious effort to replicate the actions, appearance, or style of another. This can be done for various reasons, such as learning, admiration, or even mockery. In everyday Swedish, 'efterlikna' is used in a wide range of contexts, from children imitating their parents to artists drawing inspiration from masters.
- Core Meaning
- To copy or reproduce the behavior, appearance, or characteristics of another.
- Nuance
- Often suggests a deliberate attempt to emulate, not just accidental resemblance.
- Usage Scenarios
- Learning new skills, artistic inspiration, social conformity, playful imitation, or critical observation.
Consider a child observing their older sibling and trying to walk, talk, or play in the exact same way. This is a perfect example of 'efterlikna'. Similarly, a novice chef might meticulously try to 'efterlikna' the techniques of a renowned chef by watching videos or reading recipes. In the art world, younger painters often 'efterlikna' the styles of their mentors to hone their skills before developing their own unique voice. The term can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as a company trying to 'efterlikna' the business model of a successful competitor. It's about more than just a superficial resemblance; it often involves trying to understand and replicate the underlying principles or methods. Even in nature, we see examples of mimicry, where one species evolves to 'efterlikna' another for survival, though this is usually an unconscious evolutionary process rather than a conscious act. When people use 'efterlikna', they are often highlighting the act of replication, whether it's positive, neutral, or even slightly negative, depending on the context. For instance, if someone is imitating a celebrity's mannerisms in a way that seems insincere, the verb 'efterlikna' can carry a slightly critical tone. Conversely, if a student is trying to 'efterlikna' a teacher's clear explanation, it's seen as a positive step in their learning journey. The key is the active effort to reproduce something observed.
Barnen älskar att efterlikna sina föräldrars beteenden.
En skicklig konstnär kan efterlikna stilen hos de gamla mästarna.
- Synonym Hint
- Close to 'imitera' but can sometimes imply a deeper or more comprehensive copying.
When you hear 'efterlikna', picture someone looking closely at another and trying to do exactly the same thing, whether it's a physical action, a way of speaking, or even a creative approach. It's about the act of replication and emulation.
Hon försökte efterlikna sin favoritskådespelares röst.
Using 'efterlikna' correctly involves understanding the subject, the object being imitated, and the context of the imitation. It functions as a transitive verb, meaning it usually takes a direct object – the thing or person being mimicked. The structure is typically 'Subject + efterlikna + Object'. Let's explore various ways this verb can be integrated into Swedish sentences.
- Basic Structure
- Subject + efterlikna + Object. Example: Jag försöker efterlikna dig. (I am trying to imitate you.)
- Imitating Actions
- This is very common, especially in learning contexts. Example: Barn lär sig ofta genom att efterlikna vuxna. (Children often learn by imitating adults.)
- Imitating Style/Appearance
- This can apply to art, fashion, or even mannerisms. Example: Hon valde att efterlikna den gamla filmstjärnans klädstil. (She chose to imitate the old movie star's clothing style.)
- Imitating Qualities/Characteristics
- This refers to copying personality traits or skills. Example: Företaget försökte efterlikna framgångsreceptet hos sina konkurrenter. (The company tried to imitate the success recipe of its competitors.)
The verb can also be used in the passive voice, indicating that something is being imitated. The passive form is 'efterliknas'.
Hans målning efterliknas av många unga konstnärer.
Consider the tense: 'efterlikna' (present), 'efterliknade' (past), 'har efterliknat' (perfect). The context will determine which tense is appropriate.
Under sin barndom efterliknade hon ofta sin favoritkaraktär från TV-serien.
When discussing artistic or creative endeavors, 'efterlikna' is frequently used to describe the process of learning from or being inspired by others. It highlights the deliberate effort to reproduce certain qualities or techniques.
- Imitation in Learning
- Example: För att bli en bra musiker måste man först lära sig att efterlikna de stora mästarna.
- Imitation in Business
- Example: Många startups försöker efterlikna framgångsrika affärsmodeller.
The verb can also be used in more nuanced ways, such as when one country's policies are said to 'efterlikna' another's, suggesting a conscious adoption of similar strategies.
Den nya lagen är utformad för att efterlikna liknande lagstiftning i andra europeiska länder.
You'll encounter the verb 'efterlikna' in a variety of Swedish-speaking environments, reflecting its broad applicability. It's a word that bridges formal and informal settings, appearing in discussions about learning, art, culture, business, and even everyday observations of behavior.
- In Education and Learning
- Teachers often encourage students to 'efterlikna' successful methods or examples. You might hear it in university lectures, language classes, or workshops. For example, a language teacher might say: 'Försök att efterlikna uttalet av dessa ord.' (Try to imitate the pronunciation of these words.)
- In Arts and Culture
- Discussions about art, music, and literature frequently use 'efterlikna'. Critics might analyze how a contemporary artist 'efterliknar' the techniques of a historical master, or a musician might talk about learning by 'efterlikna' their idols. A common phrase could be: 'Den nya generationen av fotografer efterliknar ofta stilen från 1970-talet.' (The new generation of photographers often imitates the style from the 1970s.)
- In Business and Economics
- Business analysts and strategists use 'efterlikna' when discussing market trends or competitive strategies. A company might aim to 'efterlikna' the customer service model of a successful competitor. You might hear: 'Många företag försöker efterlikna Apples innovativa strategi.' (Many companies try to imitate Apple's innovative strategy.)
- In Everyday Conversation
- It's used when talking about children imitating adults, or when someone is trying to copy a particular skill or behavior they've observed. For instance, 'Han försöker efterlikna hur jag lagar mat.' (He is trying to imitate how I cook.)
På en konstutställning kan man se verk som efterliknar kända målningar.
You'll also find it in written media, such as news articles discussing political strategies, cultural trends, or technological adoptions. For example, a news report might state: 'Nya teknologier efterliknas ofta snabbt av konkurrenter.' (New technologies are often quickly imitated by competitors.)
Barn vill ofta efterlikna sina hjältar från serietidningar.
In summary, 'efterlikna' is a frequently used verb in Swedish, appearing in contexts where imitation, emulation, or copying is being discussed. Its presence spans educational, artistic, professional, and personal spheres.
While 'efterlikna' is a common verb, learners can sometimes make mistakes in its usage, often by confusing it with similar-sounding words or by misinterpreting its nuances. Understanding these common pitfalls can significantly improve your accuracy.
- Confusing with 'imitera'
- While 'imitera' and 'efterlikna' are close synonyms, 'efterlikna' often implies a more thorough or deeper imitation, a conscious effort to replicate qualities or methods, not just superficial actions. 'Imitera' can sometimes be more about simply copying a sound or a movement. For example, one might 'imitera' a bird's call, but 'efterlikna' a master painter's technique.
- Overuse in casual contexts
- In very informal settings, simpler verbs might be preferred. While 'efterlikna' is not overly formal, a very casual conversation about a child copying a parent might just use 'härma' (to mimic/copy). However, 'efterlikna' is generally safe across most registers.
- Incorrect Passive Form
- The passive form is 'efterliknas'. Learners might incorrectly use the active form or a different passive construction. For instance, instead of 'Hans stil efterliknas av många', they might say 'Hans stil blir efterliknad' (which is grammatically acceptable but 'efterliknas' is more common and concise).
- Using it for accidental resemblance
- 'Efterlikna' implies a deliberate act. If something looks similar by chance, other words might be more appropriate, like 'likna' (to resemble) or 'påminna om' (to remind of). For example, you wouldn't say 'The two paintings efterliknar varandra' if they just happened to be similar; you'd say 'De två målningarna liknar varandra'.
Fel: Jag vill efterlikna dig. (If the intention is simply to copy a specific action right now, perhaps 'härma' or 'kopiera' is better for casualness, or specify the action.) Rätt: Jag vill härma hur du sjunger. (I want to mimic how you sing.)
Another potential issue is using it when a more general verb of learning or copying is needed. For instance, if someone is just copying notes, 'kopiera' (to copy) might be more direct than 'efterlikna'.
Fel: Han försöker efterlikna texten i boken. Rätt: Han försöker kopiera texten i boken. (Unless he's trying to replicate the *style* or *essence* of the writing, not just the words.)
Paying attention to the context and the subtle differences between 'efterlikna', 'imitera', 'härma', and 'kopiera' will help you master this useful verb.
Swedish offers several words that are similar in meaning to 'efterlikna', each with its own nuances and preferred contexts. Understanding these alternatives will help you choose the most precise word for your intended meaning.
- Imitera
- Meaning: To imitate, mimic, copy.
Usage: Very close to 'efterlikna' and often interchangeable. 'Imitera' can sometimes focus more on the superficial act of copying a sound, gesture, or behavior. It can also be used for imitating voices or performances.
Example: Han kunde imitera fågelljud perfekt. (He could imitate bird sounds perfectly.) 'Efterlikna' might be preferred for a deeper, more comprehensive emulation of a style or technique. - Härma
- Meaning: To mimic, copy, ape (often playfully or childishly).
Usage: This word often carries a connotation of playful, sometimes slightly mocking imitation, especially used for children copying adults or for someone repeating another's words or actions in a lighthearted way. It's generally less formal than 'efterlikna'.
Example: Barnet härmade sin mammas sätt att prata. (The child mimicked his mother's way of talking.) - Kopiera
- Meaning: To copy (literally, like photocopying or copying text).
Usage: This is the most direct word for copying in a literal sense, like copying a document, a file, or a piece of code. It's less about emulating style or technique and more about reproducing content.
Example: Kan du kopiera den här filen till ett USB-minne? (Can you copy this file to a USB drive?) - Efterhärma
- Meaning: To imitate closely, to mimic precisely.
Usage: This is a stronger version of 'härma' and implies a very accurate imitation. It's less common than 'efterlikna' but can be used when emphasizing the precision of the mimicry.
Example: Han kunde efterhärma sin lärares varje gest. (He could precisely mimic his teacher's every gesture.)
'Efterlikna' betonar ofta en mer genomtänkt imitation av stil eller metod, medan 'härma' är mer lekfullt.
When deciding which word to use, consider the following:
- Intent of imitation
- Is it a deliberate attempt to learn and replicate a skill or style ('efterlikna', 'imitera')? Is it playful or slightly mocking ('härma')? Or is it a literal reproduction of content ('kopiera')?
- Depth of imitation
- Does it involve copying superficial actions, or does it aim to capture the essence or underlying principles ('efterlikna' often implies the latter more than 'imitera' or 'härma')?
- Formality
- 'Efterlikna' and 'imitera' are generally neutral to formal. 'Härma' is more informal. 'Kopiera' is neutral and context-dependent.
How Formal Is It?
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趣味小知识
The 'likna' part of the word is related to the English word 'like'. So, 'efterlikna' has roots that connect to the idea of 'liking' something so much that you try to 'be like' it, or 'liken' yourself to it, by following after it.
发音指南
- Pronouncing the 'e' in 'efter' as a long 'ee' sound.
- Adding an extra syllable or misplacing the stress.
- Not clearly articulating the 'k' sound in 'likna'.
难度评级
The word itself is relatively straightforward, but understanding its nuances and distinguishing it from synonyms like 'imitera' and 'härma' requires some exposure. Texts discussing art, science, or business strategies are more likely to use it in its more complex forms.
Using 'efterlikna' accurately in writing requires careful consideration of the context and the desired degree of imitation. Overusing it or using it in place of a more specific verb like 'kopiera' can be a common mistake.
Pronunciation is manageable, but spontaneous use in conversation needs practice to ensure the correct nuance is conveyed, especially when distinguishing from informal terms like 'härma'.
Recognizing 'efterlikna' in spoken Swedish is generally easy once you know the pronunciation. Understanding the precise meaning relies on the surrounding context.
接下来学什么
前置知识
接下来学习
高级
需要掌握的语法
Transitive verbs and direct objects
'Efterlikna' is a transitive verb, meaning it takes a direct object. 'Jag efterliknar dig.' (I imitate you.) 'Dig' is the direct object.
Passive voice construction
The passive form is 'efterliknas'. 'Hans målning efterliknas av många.' (His painting is imitated by many.)
Verb conjugation: Past tense
The past tense of 'efterlikna' is 'efterliknade'. 'Hon efterliknade sin lärare.' (She imitated her teacher.)
Verb conjugation: Perfect tense
The perfect tense uses the auxiliary verb 'ha' + past participle. 'Han har efterliknat sin förebild.' (He has imitated his role model.)
Using 'att' before infinitive verbs
When expressing a desire or intention, 'att' is often used: 'Jag vill att efterlikna...' or more commonly 'Jag vill efterlikna...' (I want to imitate...)
按水平分级的例句
Barnet försöker efterlikna mamman.
The child tries to imitate the mother.
Simple present tense. 'Efterlikna' is used with a direct object 'mamman'.
Jag vill efterlikna din stil.
I want to imitate your style.
'Vill efterlikna' expresses a desire to imitate. 'Din stil' is the object.
Hunden efterliknade sitt favoritdjur.
The dog imitated its favorite animal.
Past tense 'efterliknade'. Used for animals imitating behaviors.
Hon försöker efterlikna sångaren.
She is trying to imitate the singer.
Present continuous implied by 'försöker efterlikna'. 'Sångaren' is the object.
Han efterliknade skådespelarens röst.
He imitated the actor's voice.
Simple past tense 'efterliknade'. Focuses on imitating a specific characteristic.
De vill efterlikna framgångsrika företag.
They want to imitate successful companies.
'Vill efterlikna' expresses a desire for emulation. 'Framgångsrika företag' is the object.
Konstnären efterliknade gamla mästare.
The artist imitated old masters.
Simple past tense 'efterliknade'. Common in artistic contexts.
Barnen efterliknar varandras lekar.
The children imitate each other's games.
Plural subject 'barnen'. 'Varandras lekar' (each other's games) is the object.
Försök att efterlikna hur jag gör övningen.
Try to imitate how I do the exercise.
Imperative 'försök' followed by infinitive 'att efterlikna'. 'Hur jag gör övningen' is the object clause.
Många unga musiker strävar efter att efterlikna sina idoler.
Many young musicians strive to imitate their idols.
'Strävar efter att' expresses a strong desire or goal. 'Idoler' is the object.
Den nya designen verkar efterlikna den tidigare modellen.
The new design seems to imitate the previous model.
'Verkar efterlikna' suggests a perception or appearance of imitation.
Hon valde att efterlikna sin farmors recept.
She chose to imitate her grandmother's recipe.
Past tense 'valde att efterlikna'. Focuses on replicating a specific process or outcome.
Företaget försökte efterlikna konkurrenternas framgång.
The company tried to imitate the competitors' success.
Past tense 'försökte efterlikna'. Imitating an abstract concept like 'success'.
Programmeraren försökte efterlikna funktionaliteten i den gamla mjukvaran.
The programmer tried to imitate the functionality of the old software.
'Försökte efterlikna' implies a technical replication. 'Funktionaliteten' is the object.
Hans målningar efterliknar naturens skönhet.
His paintings imitate the beauty of nature.
Present tense 'efterliknar'. Used to describe art that aims for realistic representation.
Vi bör inte bara efterlikna andra kulturer, utan också lära av dem.
We should not just imitate other cultures, but also learn from them.
Used in a contrasting statement, highlighting the difference between mere imitation and deeper learning.
Kritikerna menade att den nya filmen alltför mycket efterliknade en tidigare succé.
The critics claimed that the new film imitated a previous success too much.
'Menade att' introduces a subordinate clause. 'Alltför mycket' (too much) modifies the imitation.
Genom att efterlikna de stora renässansmästarnas tekniker, utvecklade han sin egen unika stil.
By imitating the techniques of the great Renaissance masters, he developed his own unique style.
Gerund-like construction with 'Genom att efterlikna'. Shows imitation as a means to an end.
Forskare försöker efterlikna de komplexa processer som sker i hjärnan.
Researchers are trying to imitate the complex processes that occur in the brain.
'Försöker efterlikna' indicates an ongoing scientific endeavor. 'Komplexa processer' is the object.
Denna typ av arkitektur är utformad för att efterlikna den naturliga miljön.
This type of architecture is designed to imitate the natural environment.
Passive voice 'är utformad för att efterlikna'. Describes intentional design.
Det är viktigt att inte bara efterlikna andras framgångar, utan att förstå grundorsakerna till dem.
It is important not just to imitate others' successes, but to understand the root causes of them.
Emphasizes understanding beyond surface-level imitation. Use of 'inte bara... utan också'.
I sin essä försökte hon efterlikna den analytiska stilen hos sin professor.
In her essay, she tried to imitate the analytical style of her professor.
'I sin essä' sets the context. 'Analytiska stilen' is the specific element being imitated.
Den politiska retoriken tenderar att efterlikna den som används i populärkulturen.
The political rhetoric tends to imitate that used in popular culture.
'Tenderar att efterlikna' suggests a common trend or inclination. 'Den som används' refers back to 'retoriken'.
Att efterlikna en mästares verk är ett steg i lärandeprocessen.
Imitating a master's work is a step in the learning process.
Gerund phrase 'Att efterlikna...' as the subject of the sentence.
Denna nya algoritm är utformad för att efterlikna mänskligt beslutsfattande med anmärkningsvärd precision.
This new algorithm is designed to imitate human decision-making with remarkable precision.
Sophisticated vocabulary ('algoritm', 'beslutsfattande', 'anmärkningsvärd precision'). 'Efterlikna' is used in a technical, advanced context.
Kännetecknande för hans konstnärliga period var en strävan att efterlikna de subtila ljuseffekterna i impressionistiska målningar.
Characteristic of his artistic period was a striving to imitate the subtle light effects in Impressionist paintings.
'Kännetecknande för' sets a formal tone. 'Strävan att efterlikna' shows a focused artistic goal.
I sin strävan att efterlikna naturens komplexitet, använde arkitekten innovativa biomimetiska principer.
In his endeavor to imitate the complexity of nature, the architect used innovative biomimetic principles.
'Strävan att efterlikna' is a formal expression for endeavor. 'Biomimetiska principer' adds technical depth.
Vissa menar att den moderna litteraturen alltför ofta efterliknar tidigare generationers teman utan att tillföra något nytt.
Some argue that modern literature too often imitates the themes of previous generations without adding anything new.
Critical analysis of literary trends. 'Utan att tillföra något nytt' highlights a critique of mere imitation.
För att förstå den historiska utvecklingen måste man ibland efterlikna de tankesätt som rådde under den tiden.
To understand historical development, one must sometimes imitate the mindsets that prevailed during that time.
Implies empathetic or cognitive imitation to grasp historical context. 'Tankesätt' (mindsets) is the object.
Den nya generationens politiker har anammat en stil som tydligt efterliknar den karismatiska ledaren från förra seklet.
The new generation of politicians has adopted a style that clearly imitates the charismatic leader from the last century.
'Anammat en stil' (adopted a style) followed by description of imitation. 'Tydligt' (clearly) emphasizes the resemblance.
Det är en delikat balansgång att efterlikna en etablerad stil utan att bli en ren kopia.
It is a delicate balancing act to imitate an established style without becoming a mere copy.
Metaphorical use of 'delikat balansgång'. Contrasts imitation with being a 'ren kopia' (mere copy).
Forskningen syftar till att efterlikna de självläkande egenskaperna hos biologiska system.
The research aims to imitate the self-healing properties of biological systems.
'Syftar till att efterlikna' is a formal statement of research goals. 'Självläkande egenskaperna' is a complex object.
Hans verk präglas av en osviklig förmåga att efterlikna de mest subtila nyanserna i det mänskliga psyket.
His work is characterized by an unfailing ability to imitate the most subtle nuances of the human psyche.
'Osviklig förmåga' (unfailing ability) and 'subtila nyanser' (subtle nuances) indicate high-level discourse. 'Mänskliga psyket' is a complex object.
I sin avhandling argumenterar författaren för att samtida konstnärer ofta postmodernt efterliknar tidigare epokers estetik.
In his thesis, the author argues that contemporary artists often postmodernly imitate the aesthetics of earlier eras.
'Postmodernt efterliknar' uses an adverb to qualify the imitation. 'Estetik' is a sophisticated term.
Denna avancerade simulering är designad för att efterlikna de dynamiska interaktionerna mellan olika ekosystem.
This advanced simulation is designed to imitate the dynamic interactions between different ecosystems.
'Avancerade simulering', 'dynamiska interaktionerna', 'ekosystem' are highly technical terms.
Att efterlikna den spontanitet och autenticitet som kännetecknar barndomens uttryckssätt är en utmaning för många vuxna.
To imitate the spontaneity and authenticity that characterize childhood modes of expression is a challenge for many adults.
'Spontanitet', 'autenticitet', 'uttryckssätt' are abstract and nuanced concepts. The gerund phrase acts as the subject.
Han anklagades för att inte genuinlt efterlikna sina förebilders värderingar, utan enbart deras framgångsrika strategier.
He was accused of not genuinely imitating his role models' values, but merely their successful strategies.
'Anklagades för att inte genuint efterlikna' involves negation and a critique of the imitation. 'Värderingar' (values) vs. 'strategier' (strategies).
Denna form av konst strävar efter att efterlikna det undermedvetnas irrgångar och drömmarnas logik.
This form of art strives to imitate the labyrinths of the subconscious and the logic of dreams.
'Undermedvetnas irrgångar' (labyrinths of the subconscious) and 'drömmarnas logik' are highly abstract and metaphorical.
Kulturen tenderar att efterlikna och förstärka de samhälleliga normer som redan är etablerade.
Culture tends to imitate and reinforce the societal norms that are already established.
'Förstärka' (reinforce) is used in conjunction with 'efterlikna', showing a dual function of culture.
För att uppnå en verklig förståelse kan det vara nödvändigt att tillfälligt efterlikna en annan persons perspektiv.
To achieve a true understanding, it may be necessary to temporarily imitate another person's perspective.
'Verklig förståelse' (true understanding) and 'tillfälligt efterlikna' (temporarily imitate) suggest a profound cognitive exercise.
常见搭配
常用短语
— To try to imitate or mimic. This emphasizes the effort and intention behind the imitation.
Barnet försöker efterlikna sin storebror.
— To strive to imitate or emulate. This implies a strong desire and conscious effort towards achieving a high level of imitation.
Unga konstnärer strävar efter att efterlikna de gamla mästarna.
— To be about imitating or to aim at imitating. Often used to describe the purpose or essence of something.
Hela projektet går ut på att efterlikna naturens funktioner.
— Not just imitate. This phrase is often used to contrast mere imitation with a deeper understanding or originality.
Vi bör inte bara efterlikna, utan också förstå.
— To clearly imitate or mimic. This indicates a noticeable and obvious resemblance.
Den nya designen tydligt efterliknar den gamla.
— To imitate too much. This suggests that the imitation is excessive or lacks originality.
Filmen efterliknar alltför mycket sina föregångare.
— To imitate someone's way of doing something, their mannerisms, or their style.
Han försöker efterlikna hennes sätt att tala.
— Is imitated by. This is the passive form, indicating that something is being copied by others.
Hans konstnärliga stil efterliknas av många studenter.
— Learns by imitating. A common way children or novices acquire skills.
Barn lär sig mycket genom att efterlikna sina föräldrar.
— Aims to imitate. Used to describe the objective or goal of a project or endeavor.
Forskningen syftar till att efterlikna cellernas självläkning.
容易混淆的词
'Imitera' is a very close synonym and often interchangeable. However, 'efterlikna' can sometimes imply a deeper, more comprehensive emulation of style or technique, while 'imitera' might focus more on superficial actions or sounds.
'Härma' is generally more informal and often used for playful or childish mimicry, or for repeating words. 'Efterlikna' is usually more deliberate and serious.
'Kopiera' means to copy literally, like a document or data. 'Efterlikna' is about replicating qualities, styles, or behaviors, not just information.
容易混淆
Both verbs mean to copy or mimic.
'Efterlikna' often suggests a more thorough or thoughtful emulation of style, technique, or essence, aiming to achieve a similar outcome or quality. 'Imitera' can be more about replicating specific actions, sounds, or appearances, sometimes more superficially. For instance, you might 'imitera' a sound, but 'efterlikna' a painting's style.
Han kunde imitera fågelljud. (He could imitate bird sounds.) vs. Konstnären försökte efterlikna impressionisternas ljus. (The artist tried to emulate the Impressionists' light.)
Both verbs involve copying.
'Härma' is typically used for more informal, playful, or even mocking imitation, often associated with children copying adults or repeating phrases. 'Efterlikna' is generally used for more deliberate, serious, or skillful imitation, especially when referring to styles, methods, or complex behaviors.
Barnet härmade sin pappas skratt. (The child mimicked his dad's laugh.) vs. Studenten försökte efterlikna professorns föreläsningsstil. (The student tried to emulate the professor's lecture style.)
Both involve reproducing something.
'Kopiera' means to make a literal copy of something, like text, a file, or a physical object. It focuses on the exact reproduction of content. 'Efterlikna' is about emulating qualities, styles, or behaviors, not necessarily a direct, exact copy. You 'kopiera' a document, but you 'efterlikna' a technique.
Jag måste kopiera den här texten. (I have to copy this text.) vs. Hon försökte efterlikna sin hjältes mod. (She tried to emulate her hero's courage.)
Both can imply resemblance or representation.
'Spegla' means to reflect or mirror. It's often used metaphorically for art or writing that reflects society, emotions, or reality. While it implies resemblance, it doesn't necessarily involve a deliberate act of copying or emulation in the same way 'efterlikna' does. 'Efterlikna' is an active process of trying to become like something, whereas 'spegla' is more about showing a likeness.
Filmen speglar samhällets problem. (The film reflects society's problems.) vs. Konstnären försökte efterlikna verkligheten. (The artist tried to imitate reality.)
Both relate to similarity.
'Likna' means to resemble or look like something else; it describes a state of being similar, often by chance or inherent quality. 'Efterlikna' is an active verb meaning to deliberately try to become like something or someone. Something can 'likna' another thing without any act of imitation, but 'efterlikna' always implies a conscious effort to copy.
Huset liknar det gamla tornet. (The house resembles the old tower.) vs. Han försökte efterlikna tornet i sin ritning. (He tried to imitate the tower in his drawing.)
句型
Subject + efterlikna + Object.
Barnet efterliknar sin mamma.
Subject + vill/försöker + efterlikna + Object.
Jag vill efterlikna din sångstil.
Subject + efterliknade + Object + (tid/kontext).
Under barndomen efterliknade han alla sina hjältar.
Subject + verkar/tycks + efterlikna + Object.
Den nya designen tycks efterlikna den gamla.
Genom att + efterlikna + Object, + resultat.
Genom att efterlikna de gamla mästarna, förbättrade han sin teknik.
Subject + är utformad/designad för att efterlikna + Object.
Simuleringen är designad för att efterlikna hjärnans funktioner.
Subject + syftar till att efterlikna + Object.
Forskningen syftar till att efterlikna naturens intelligens.
Subject + präglas av en förmåga att efterlikna + Object.
Verket präglas av en förmåga att efterlikna mänskliga känslor.
词族
名词
动词
相关
如何使用
Common
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Using 'efterlikna' for accidental resemblance.
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Something 'liknar' (resembles) another, or 'påminner om' (reminds of), by chance. 'Efterlikna' implies a deliberate act of imitation.
If two paintings just happen to look similar, you'd say 'De liknar varandra'. If an artist intentionally copied the style, you'd say 'Han försökte efterlikna stilen'.
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Confusing 'efterlikna' with 'härma' in formal contexts.
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In formal or serious contexts, 'efterlikna' is generally preferred over 'härma'. 'Härma' is often used for playful or childish mimicry.
Saying 'Studenten försökte härma professorns föreläsningsstil' sounds a bit too informal. 'Studenten försökte efterlikna professorns föreläsningsstil' is more appropriate.
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Incorrectly forming the passive voice.
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The passive form is 'efterliknas'. Avoid constructions like 'blir efterliknad' if a more concise passive is available.
Instead of 'Hans stil blir efterliknad av många', use the more common and direct 'Hans stil efterliknas av många'.
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Using 'efterlikna' when 'kopiera' is more accurate.
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'Kopiera' is for literal duplication of content, while 'efterlikna' is for emulating style or behavior.
You 'kopiera' a document ('kopiera ett dokument'), but you 'efterlikna' a technique ('efterlikna en teknik').
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Overusing 'efterlikna' when a simpler verb suffices.
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In very casual conversation, simpler verbs like 'härma' or even direct descriptions might be used.
Instead of saying 'Jag försökte efterlikna hur du lagade maten', in a very casual chat, one might say 'Jag försökte göra som du gjorde' (I tried to do like you did) or 'Jag försökte härma din matlagning'.
小贴士
Distinguish from 'Härma'
Remember that 'härma' is more informal and often playful, like a child mimicking a parent. 'Efterlikna' is generally more deliberate and used for more significant emulation, like an artist copying a master's technique.
Active vs. Passive
Be aware of the active form 'efterlikna' (Subject imitates Object) and the passive form 'efterliknas' (Object is imitated by Subject). Choose the correct one based on who is performing the action.
Stress the First Syllable
The primary stress in 'efterlikna' falls on the first syllable: EF-ter-lik-na. Practicing this rhythm will make your pronunciation sound more natural.
Connect to 'Likna'
Recall that 'likna' means 'to resemble'. 'Efterlikna' is like 'likna' done 'efter' (after) someone, emphasizing the active effort to become similar.
Describe Learning Processes
Use 'efterlikna' when explaining how people learn new skills by observing and copying others, whether it's in sports, arts, or academics.
Beyond Simple Copying
'Efterlikna' often implies more than just superficial copying; it suggests an attempt to capture the essence, technique, or spirit of the original.
Vs. 'Kopiera'
Use 'kopiera' for literal duplication (like copying text). Use 'efterlikna' for emulating styles, behaviors, or characteristics.
Root Meanings
The word comes from 'efter' (after) and 'likna' (to resemble). This helps remember it means to try and resemble someone by following after them.
Sentence Building
Create your own sentences using 'efterlikna' in different tenses and contexts. Try describing yourself or others imitating something.
记住它
记忆技巧
Imagine someone 'liking' (likna) a famous person so much that they want to be 'after' (efter) them, trying to copy everything they do. So, 'efter-likna' means to try and 'be like' someone who comes 'after' them in terms of fame or skill.
视觉联想
Picture a shadow closely following a person, trying to perfectly mimic their every move and shape. The shadow is 'efter' (after) the person, and it 'liknar' (resembles) them.
Word Web
挑战
Try to describe three things you have recently tried to 'efterlikna' in your daily life, whether it's a cooking technique, a phrase someone used, or a skill you observed.
词源
The word 'efterlikna' is a compound word in Swedish. It is formed from the prefix 'efter-' meaning 'after' or 'following', and the verb 'likna' meaning 'to resemble' or 'to be like'. Therefore, literally, it means 'to be like after' or 'to resemble following'. This etymology perfectly captures the essence of imitation – following someone's example to become like them.
原始含义： To resemble afterwards; to follow in likeness.
Germanic文化背景
While 'efterlikna' itself is neutral, the context can imply criticism. If someone is imitating another person in a mocking or insincere way, the verb can carry a negative connotation. However, in most contexts, especially learning or artistic endeavors, it's viewed neutrally or positively.
In English-speaking cultures, the concept of imitation is also prevalent, from children mimicking parents to artists being influenced by predecessors. The nuance of 'efterlikna' often aligns with 'to emulate' or 'to meticulously imitate', suggesting a deeper engagement than simple copying.
在生活中练习
真实语境
Art and Design
- efterlikna mästarnas stil
- efterlikna naturens former
- efterlikna en konstnärlig rörelse
Learning and Education
- lär sig genom att efterlikna
- försöka efterlikna lärarens metod
- efterlikna framgångsrika studenter
Business and Strategy
- efterlikna konkurrenternas framgång
- efterlikna en affärsmodell
- sträva efter att efterlikna marknadsledare
Performance and Skill
- efterlikna en skådespelares röst
- efterlikna ett ljud
- träna på att efterlikna
Psychology and Behavior
- efterlikna sociala normer
- efterlikna barns beteende
- efterlikna beslutsfattande
对话开场白
"Har du någonsin försökt att efterlikna någon berömd person? Vem och varför?"
"Vilken färdighet skulle du vilja efterlikna hos någon du beundrar?"
"Tror du att det är bra för barn att efterlikna sina föräldrar eller förebilder?"
"När är det okej att efterlikna någon annans stil, och när blir det bara en kopia?"
"Finns det något i naturen som du tycker är särskilt fascinerande att efterlikna?"
日记主题
Beskriv en situation där du medvetet försökte efterlikna någon för att lära dig något nytt. Vad lärde du dig?
Tänk på en konstnär, musiker eller författare vars stil du beundrar. Hur skulle du beskriva deras stil och vad skulle det innebära att efterlikna den?
Reflektera över hur du som barn brukade efterlikna vuxna eller karaktärer från TV. Vilka var de mest minnesvärda imitationerna?
Diskutera fördelarna och nackdelarna med att företag efterliknar varandras framgångsrika strategier. När är det innovativt och när är det bara kopiering?
Skriv en kort berättelse där en karaktär försöker efterlikna en annan, men upptäcker något oväntat om sig själv eller den de försöker efterlikna.
常见问题
10 个问题While both mean to imitate, 'efterlikna' often implies a more thorough or conscious emulation of style, technique, or essence, aiming for a similar outcome. 'Imitera' can sometimes be more about copying specific actions, sounds, or appearances, potentially more superficially. For example, you might 'imitera' a bird's call, but 'efterlikna' the brushstrokes of a master painter.
'Efterlikna' is generally considered neutral to slightly formal. It's appropriate in most contexts, from educational and professional discussions to everyday conversations. For very informal situations or playful mimicry, 'härma' might be preferred.
Yes, 'efterlikna' can be used for inanimate objects, especially when discussing design, art, or technology. For example, 'Den nya bilen försöker efterlikna formen på en sportbil' (The new car tries to imitate the shape of a sports car) or 'Denna algoritm efterliknar mänskligt beslutsfattande' (This algorithm imitates human decision-making).
The past tense of 'efterlikna' is 'efterliknade'. For example, 'Barnet efterliknade sin mamma igår.' (The child imitated his mother yesterday.)
The passive form is 'efterliknas'. It's used when the subject is receiving the action of being imitated. For example, 'Hans unika stil efterliknas av många unga konstnärer.' (His unique style is imitated by many young artists.)
Yes, the noun form is 'efterlikning', which means 'imitation', 'mimicry', or 'copy'.
You would use 'kopiera' when you mean to make a literal copy of something, such as text, a file, or a physical object. 'Efterlikna' is for emulating styles, behaviors, or qualities, not for direct duplication of content.
The word itself is neutral, but the context can imply criticism. If someone is imitating another person in a mocking or insincere way, or if a work is seen as a mere copy lacking originality, the verb can carry a negative connotation. For instance, 'Filmen efterliknar alltför mycket sina föregångare' suggests a critique of excessive imitation.
Opposites include verbs like 'skapa' (to create), 'innovera' (to innovate), or 'avvika' (to deviate), as these imply originality and difference rather than copying or resemblance.
Try writing sentences where you describe learning a new skill by watching someone, or where you discuss art or business strategies involving imitation. Role-playing conversations where you need to describe imitation can also be very helpful.
自我测试 10 个问题
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Efterlikna means to deliberately imitate or mimic someone or something, often with the goal of learning or achieving a similar outcome. It's a versatile verb used across many contexts.
- To imitate or mimic someone or something.
- Often implies a deliberate effort to copy actions, style, or qualities.
- Used in learning, art, business, and everyday life.
- Can be translated as 'to emulate' or 'to copy'.
Distinguish from 'Härma'
Remember that 'härma' is more informal and often playful, like a child mimicking a parent. 'Efterlikna' is generally more deliberate and used for more significant emulation, like an artist copying a master's technique.
Active vs. Passive
Be aware of the active form 'efterlikna' (Subject imitates Object) and the passive form 'efterliknas' (Object is imitated by Subject). Choose the correct one based on who is performing the action.
Context is Key
The precise meaning of 'efterlikna' can shift slightly depending on the context. It can refer to actions, styles, sounds, or even abstract concepts like strategies or qualities. Always consider what is being imitated.
Stress the First Syllable
The primary stress in 'efterlikna' falls on the first syllable: EF-ter-lik-na. Practicing this rhythm will make your pronunciation sound more natural.
相关内容
更多general词汇
aktiv
B2从事体力活动或追求。 '他过着非常活跃的生活。'
aktuell
B2当前的，有关的。 '这是当前的一个话题' (这是一个aktuellt话题)。 '这现在不考虑' (这现在不aktuellt)。
allmän
B1与每个人或每件事有关的；一般的或公共的。
anbefalla
C1to recommend, advise, or suggest
anbringa
C1to apply, attach, or affix
andra
A1第二（序数）或其他（复数）。
anfalla
C1to attack or assault
anfäkta
C1to trouble, plague, or beset
angripa
B2攻击，果断地处理问题或任务。也可能意味着身体上的攻击。 例如：我们必须正面解决这个问题。(We must tackle this problem head-on.)
angå
C1涉及，关系到，与...有关。
