الفعل 'يكون' (am, is, are)
am و is و are، لتبني بها جمل إنجليزية قوية عن كل شيء!
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
The verb 'to be' is the 'glue' of English, connecting a person or thing to a description, name, or location.
- Use `am` only with `I` (e.g., I am happy).
- Use `is` for one person/thing (he, she, it) (e.g., She is a doctor).
- Use `are` for you and groups (you, we, they) (e.g., We are students).
نظرة عامة
to be.to be كغراء يربط هويتك بكلماتك.I am tired أو تتحقق من حالة سائق أوبر الخاص بك، فأنت تستخدم هذه القاعدة. إنها الخطوة الأولى لتبدو كإنسان حقيقي باللغة الإنجليزية.كيف تعمل هذه القاعدة
to be في الجمل القصيرة. في الإنجليزية، لا نتخطاه أبداً. إنه يعمل كعلامة يساوي (=) في معادلة رياضية.I = happy. You = at home. يتغير شكل الفعل to be حسب الشخص الذي تتحدث عنه.am و is و are. تستخدم am لنفسك فقط.is لشخص واحد آخر أو شيء واحد. تستخدم are للمجموعات أو للشخص الذي تتحدث إليه. الأمر يشبه اختيار الزي المناسب للطقس المناسب.I is يبدو غريباً تماماً مثل ارتداء أحذية الثلج في الصحراء. نحب أيضاً تقصير هذه الكلمات عندما نتحدث.I am ، نقول I'm. إنها النسخة اللغوية من اختصار في لعبة سباق.
نمط التكوين
am مع الضمير I. (قاعدة «السيلفي»).
I am a student. (اختصار: I'm)
is مع he أو she أو it. (قاعدة «الصديق العازب»).
He is tall. (اختصار: He's)
She is hungry. (اختصار: She's)
It is cold. (اختصار: It's)
are مع you و we و they. (قاعدة «الفريق»).
You are funny. (اختصار: You're)
We are late. (اختصار: We're)
They are outside. (اختصار: They're)
I am a gamer. | أنا لاعب. |
You are kind. | أنت طيب. |
He is a doctor. | هو طبيب. |
She is busy. | هي مشغولة. |
It is 10 PM. | إنها الساعة 10 مساءً. |
We are ready. | نحن جاهزون. |
They are fast. | هم سريعون. |
متى نستخدمها
to be في خمس حالات رئيسية كل يوم.- الهوية: إخبار شخص باسمك أو وظيفتك.
I am Alex.She is a developer. - الموقع: قول أين أنت على خرائط جوجل.
We are at the cafe.He is in London. - الخصائص: وصف الأشخاص أو الأشياء.
The coffee is hot.You are very smart. - المشاعر: مشاركة شعورك الحالي.
I am excited!They are bored. - الحالات/الأعمار: حقائق بسيطة عن الحياة.
It is Monday.I am 21 years old.
I am adventurous. I am a dog lover. My dog is very cute. أرأيت؟ أنت بالفعل خبير! فقط لا تستخدمه لوصف حبيبك السابق إلا إذا كنت تريد أن تقول He is annoying.
الأخطاء الشائعة
- فخ «يملك»: في الإسبانية أو الفرنسية، أنت «تملك» عمراً. في الإنجليزية، أنت تكون عمراً. ✗
I have 20 years.← ✓I am 20 years old. - الفعل المفقود: بعض اللغات تتخطى الفعل في الأوصاف. الإنجليزية تكره هذا. ✗
She very pretty.← ✓She is very pretty. - الخلط بين
HeوShe: استخدام الصيغة الخاطئة للضمائر الجندرية أمر شائع. تذكر:Heللأولاد،Sheللبنات. إذا ناديت أخاك بـshe، فقد يرتبك، لكن على الأقل قواعدك اللغوية صحيحة. - الخلط بين
isوare: غالباً ما يقول الناسThey isلأنهم ينسون أنها مجموعة. فكر فيareكحافلة حفلات للجمع. - هجاء الاختصارات: لا تخلط بين
You're(أنت تكون) وYour(ملكك). هذا هو البادئ المثالي للجدال على الإنترنت. إذا فهمت الأمر بشكل صحيح، فستفوز في قسم تعليقات تيك توك.
مقارنة مع أنماط مشابهة
to be وأفعال الحركة. لا يمكنك مجرد إلصاقهما معاً بدون نهاية خاصة.- To Be مقابل الأفعال: يمكنك قول
I am happy(وصف). يمكنك قولI run(حركة). لكنك لا يمكنك قولI am run. يبدو الأمر وكأنك حرفياً «جري» جسدي. وهو ما سيكون قوة خارقة غريبة جداً. - To Be مقابل To Have: كما ذكرنا، نستخدم
to beلمشاعر مثل الجوع أو العطش. ✗I have hunger.← ✓I am hungry.استخدمto beللأشياء التي تصف حالة وجودك، وليس الأشياء التي تملكها جسدياً. - عامل
It: نستخدمIt isللطقس والوقت. في بعض اللغات، قد تقول «يفعل برداً». في الإنجليزية،It is cold.الطقس هو شخصية بحد ذاتها!
أسئلة شائعة
am لأشخاص آخرين؟am فعل أناني. إنه يتسكع فقط مع I.You are دائماً للجمع؟You are لشخص واحد وأيضاً لمجموعة. إنه متعدد الاستخدامات للغاية.I'm؟I am being a student؟I am a student حقيقة ثابتة. I am being تعني أنك تتصرف كطالب لفترة قصيرة.is لحيوان أليف؟he. إذا كانت أنثى، استخدم she. إذا كنت لا تعرف، استخدم it.to be لعمري؟I have 25 سيجعل متحدثي الإنجليزية يعتقدون أن لديك 25 تفاحة في حقيبتك.Present Simple Conjugation of 'To Be'
| Subject | Affirmative | Negative | Question |
|---|---|---|---|
|
I
|
am
|
am not
|
Am I?
|
|
You
|
are
|
are not / aren't
|
Are you?
|
|
He
|
is
|
is not / isn't
|
Is he?
|
|
She
|
is
|
is not / isn't
|
Is she?
|
|
It
|
is
|
is not / isn't
|
Is it?
|
|
We
|
are
|
are not / aren't
|
Are we?
|
|
They
|
are
|
are not / aren't
|
Are they?
|
Common Contractions
| Full Form | Contraction | Negative Contraction |
|---|---|---|
|
I am
|
I'm
|
I'm not
|
|
You are
|
You're
|
You aren't / You're not
|
|
He is
|
He's
|
He isn't / He's not
|
|
She is
|
She's
|
She isn't / She's not
|
|
It is
|
It's
|
It isn't / It's not
|
|
We are
|
We're
|
We aren't / We're not
|
|
They are
|
They're
|
They aren't / They're not
|
Meanings
The verb 'to be' describes the state, identity, or quality of a subject rather than an action.
Identity and Names
Used to state who or what someone or something is.
“I am Sarah.”
“This is a book.”
Location
Used to describe where someone or something is situated.
“He is at home.”
“The keys are on the table.”
Feelings and States
Used to describe emotions, physical conditions, or temporary states.
“I am hungry.”
“You are tired.”
Professions
Used to state a person's job or role.
“She is a teacher.”
“They are engineers.”
Age
Used to state how old someone or something is.
“I am twenty years old.”
“He is five.”
Reference Table
| ضمير الفاعل | الفعل 'to be' | الاختصار | مثال |
|---|---|---|---|
|
I
|
am
|
I'm
|
I'm a student.
|
|
You (مفرد)
|
are
|
You're
|
You're smart.
|
|
He
|
is
|
He's
|
He's my brother.
|
|
She
|
is
|
She's
|
She's happy.
|
|
It
|
is
|
It's
|
It's cold.
|
|
We
|
are
|
We're
|
We're friends.
|
|
You (جمع)
|
are
|
You're
|
You're all here.
|
|
They
|
are
|
They're
|
They're busy.
|
طيف الرسمية
I am prepared to depart. (Leaving a location)
I am ready to go. (Leaving a location)
I'm ready! (Leaving a location)
I'm set. (Leaving a location)
عالم الفعل 'To Be'
تحديد الهوية
- I am a student الهوية
- She is my friend العلاقة
الوصف
- It is cold الطقس/الحالة
- They are happy الشعور/الحالة
- He is tall الخاصية
تحديد الموقع
- We are at home المكان
- The book is on the table الموضع
العمر/الوقت
- I am 20 years old العمر
- It is 5 PM الوقت
أشكال 'To Be': من يأخذ ماذا؟
اختيار 'Am'، 'Is'، أو 'Are'
هل الفاعل 'I'؟
هل الفاعل مفرد (he, she, it، أو شخص/شيء واحد)؟
هل الفاعل 'you'، 'we'، 'they'، أو جمع (أكثر من شخص/شيء واحد)؟
الاستخدامات الشائعة لـ 'To Be'
الهوية
- • I am a student.
- • She is my boss.
الوصف
- • He is tall.
- • The car is red.
الموقع
- • We are at home.
- • The keys are on the table.
المشاعر/الحالات
- • They are happy.
- • I am tired.
العمر
- • He is 30 years old.
- • How old are you?
الوقت/التاريخ
- • It is Monday.
- • It is 7 PM.
أمثلة حسب المستوى
I am happy.
I am happy.
She is a doctor.
She is a doctor.
They are at school.
They are at school.
Are you cold?
Are you cold?
It is a big dog.
It is a big dog.
We are not hungry.
We are not hungry.
He's not from Italy.
He's not from Italy.
The keys aren't in my bag.
The keys aren't in my bag.
Is your mother a teacher?
Is your mother a teacher?
We're very tired after the trip.
We're very tired after the trip.
The weather is usually quite mild here.
The weather is usually quite mild here.
You are being very helpful today.
You are being very helpful today.
Is it true that she is moving?
Is it true that she is moving?
They are both interested in art.
They are both interested in art.
The results are to be announced tomorrow.
The results are to be announced tomorrow.
It is essential that he be informed.
It is essential that he be informed.
The building is currently being renovated.
The building is currently being renovated.
Whether that is the case remains to be seen.
Whether that is the case remains to be seen.
It was her who was responsible for the error.
It was her who was responsible for the error.
The truth is, I am quite exhausted.
The truth is, I am quite exhausted.
Were it not for your help, I would fail.
Were it not for your help, I would fail.
Such is the nature of the business.
Such is the nature of the business.
To be, or not to be, that is the question.
To be, or not to be, that is the question.
The problem is not so much that he is poor, but that he is lazy.
The problem is not so much that he is poor, but that he is lazy.
There is no denying the impact of his work.
There is no denying the impact of his work.
The city is but a shadow of its former self.
The city is but a shadow of its former self.
سهل الخلط
Many languages use 'have' for age, hunger, and thirst.
Learners use 'It is' to mean 'exists'.
Learners try to contract 'Yes, I am' to 'Yes, I'm'.
أخطاء شائعة
I is happy.
I am happy.
She teacher.
She is a teacher.
I have 20 years old.
I am 20 years old.
They no are here.
They are not here.
Do you be tired?
Are you tired?
Yes, I'm.
Yes, I am.
Is the cats hungry?
Are the cats hungry?
I am being a student.
I am a student.
It's mean that...
It means that...
If I was you...
If I were you...
أنماط الجُمل
I am ___.
She is not ___.
Are they ___?
It is ___ today.
Real World Usage
I'm a photographer based in NYC.
Are you here yet?
I am very interested in this role.
Where is gate 5?
I am sick.
Is this dish spicy?
تدرب مع الضمائر
I am a student, you are happy.
لا تنسَ 'To Be'!
She is tired!الاختصارات هي صديقتك
كيف حالك؟
استمع إلى الصوت
Smart Tips
Always use 'I'm' followed by your name. It sounds much more natural than 'My name is...'.
Use the full form in positive short answers to avoid sounding unfinished.
Always start with 'It's'. English always needs a subject, even for weather.
Always use 'are', even if you are talking to just one person.
النطق
Contraction Reduction
In fast speech, 'I am' becomes 'I'm' /aɪm/. 'You are' becomes 'You're' /jʊər/.
The 's' sound in 'is'
The 's' in 'is' and 'He's' sounds like a /z/.
Linking 'are'
When 'are' is followed by a vowel, the 'r' is often pronounced clearly (e.g., 'They are at...').
Yes/No Question Rising
Are you happy? ↗
Asking for confirmation.
Statement Falling
I am happy. ↘
Giving information.
احفظها
وسيلة تذكّر
Remember 'A-I-R': Am for I, Is for Singular, Are for Rest.
ربط بصري
Imagine a bridge with three lanes. The first lane is only for a single person named 'I' (Am). The second lane is for single cars (Is). The third lane is for buses with many people (Are).
Rhyme
I am, you are, he is too. We are, they are, how are you?
Story
Once there was a king named 'I' who only liked the word 'Am'. His three children, He, She, and It, shared a small toy called 'Is'. All the other people in the kingdom (You, We, They) had to share a big boat called 'Are'.
Word Web
تحدٍّ
Look around the room and say 5 sentences using 'is' or 'are' to describe what you see (e.g., 'The lamp is on').
ملاحظات ثقافية
Americans use 'I'm good' to mean 'I am fine' or 'No thank you'.
In some dialects, 'I'm' is used even in places where Americans might use the full 'I am'.
The 'invariant be' is used for habitual actions, while the copula is sometimes omitted for present states.
The English verb 'to be' is a 'suppletive' verb, meaning it comes from three different Proto-Indo-European roots.
بدايات محادثة
Where are you from?
What is your job?
How are you feeling today?
Who is your favorite celebrity?
مواضيع للكتابة اليومية
أخطاء شائعة
Test Yourself
My sister ___ a doctor.
Find and fix the mistake:
You is very kind.
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
Score: /3
تمارين تطبيقية
8 exercisesShe ___ a very kind person.
Which one is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
I'm not have hungry.
you / from / Are / London / ?
I -> ?, He -> ?, We -> ?
___ (It is) very hot today.
We ___ ready.
Are you a student? Yes, I ___.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesThe weather today ___ sunny.
I ___ from Canada.
Choose the correct sentence:
She not is ready.
Translate into English: 'El libro está en la mesa.'
Arrange these words into a question:
Match the subjects with the correct form:
My friends is very busy this week.
Translate into English: 'Ella no está aquí ahora.'
How old ___ your brother?
Choose the correct sentence:
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Score: /12
الأسئلة الشائعة (8)
English is an old language, and the verb 'to be' comes from different roots. It's irregular, so you just have to memorize these specific pairs.
No, in formal writing, you should use the full forms like `I am` or `It is`. Contractions are for speaking and casual writing.
There is no difference in meaning. `Isn't` is just the shorter, more common way to say it in conversation.
In English, age is considered a state of being (who you are), not a possession (something you have).
Both! In English, `you` is used for one person and for a group of people. The verb is always `are` for both.
Only with the subject `I`. It is the most exclusive form of the verb.
Yes, but that's for more advanced tenses like the Present Continuous (e.g., 'I am running'). For now, focus on using it with nouns and adjectives.
Usually, yes. But it can also mean 'It has' in the present perfect (e.g., 'It's been a long day'). Context will tell you which one it is!
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Ser / Estar
English doesn't distinguish between permanent and temporary 'being'.
Être
French uses 'to have' for physical states like hunger.
Sein
German word order changes more than English in questions.
Desu / Arimasu / Imasu
Japanese verbs don't change based on 'I', 'You', or 'They'.
Zero Copula
Arabic omits the verb entirely in the present affirmative.
Shì (是)
Chinese doesn't use 'to be' with adjectives.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
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