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B1 noun 12 دقيقة للقراءة

意思

ishi

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح 意思 في 30 ثانية

الشرح 意思 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you likely won't use the word '意思' (ishi) very often. Instead, you use simpler ways to say 'I want' or 'I will.' For example, you use '～たいです' (I want to) or '～ます' (I will). However, it's good to know that '意思' is the formal word for those feelings. Think of it as the 'seed' of your actions. If you want to eat sushi, that feeling is your 'intent.' In very basic terms, '意思' means 'what you have in your mind to do.' You might see it in simple signs or very basic forms, but mostly you will hear it as part of higher-level Japanese. For now, just remember that 'ishi' sounds like 'will' and it's about what you plan to do. It's not a 'thing' you can touch, like a stone (which is also 'ishi' but with a different kanji), but a 'thing' in your heart. If you learn the word 'ishi' now, you will understand why verbs change to the 'volitional form' (like 'tabeyō') later on, because that form is called the 'intent form' in Japanese grammar books. Even at A1, knowing that Japanese has a specific, serious word for 'intention' helps you understand that Japanese people value clear goals and mutual understanding. You can think of it as the 'adult' version of 'I want.'

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the A2 level, you are starting to move beyond basic survival Japanese. You might encounter '意思' (ishi) in textbooks when explaining grammar or in simple workplace instructions. You should begin to recognize that '意思' represents a person's plan or decision. For example, if a teacher asks, 'Do you have the intention to take the JLPT?', they might use a form of this word. You also start to see how it's used in common phrases like '意思疎通' (communication). Even if you can't use the long phrase yet, knowing that 'ishi' means 'intent' helps you realize that communication in Japanese isn't just about words, but about sharing your 'intentions.' You might also see it in simple stories where a character has a 'strong will.' At this level, you should be able to distinguish '意思' (intent) from '医師' (doctor) and '石' (stone) based on the context of the sentence. If the sentence is about a person's mind or a decision, it's likely '意思.' You might practice simple sentences like '自分の意思で決めます' (I will decide by my own will). This sounds much more mature than just saying 'I will decide.' It shows you are taking responsibility for your actions. Understanding '意思' helps you prepare for B1-level Japanese, where you will need to discuss your opinions and plans more formally.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the B1 level, '意思' (ishi) becomes a key part of your vocabulary. This is the level where you are expected to handle daily life in Japan and discuss your plans and opinions with some detail. You should use '意思' to talk about formal intentions, such as your '意思を表明する' (expressing your intention) in a meeting or '意思を固める' (firming up your decision) about your career. You will also frequently use the phrase '意思疎通' (mutual understanding) to describe how well you are communicating with your colleagues or friends. At this level, you must understand the difference between '意思' (intent) and '意志' (willpower/resolve). While they sound the same, '意思' is the word you need for most 'planning' and 'communication' contexts. You will also encounter '意思' in more complex grammar, such as '～する意思がある' (have the intention to do...) as a formal alternative to '～つもりだ.' This allows you to vary your speech and sound more professional. You should also be comfortable with the pattern '意思に反して' (against one's will), which is useful for explaining situations where you were forced to do something or had no choice. Overall, B1 is where '意思' moves from a word you just 'know' to a word you actively 'use' to navigate social and professional situations in Japan.

At the B2 level, you should have a nuanced understanding of '意思' (ishi) and be able to use it in specialized contexts such as business, law, and social issues. You will frequently encounter terms like '意思決定' (decision making) and '意思表示' (declaration of intent). In a business environment, you might be asked to explain the '意思決定のプロセス' (decision-making process) of your company. You should also be able to discuss the '合意形成' (consensus building) process, which involves aligning the '意思' of multiple stakeholders. At this level, your reading comprehension will include editorials and news articles where '意思' is used to describe the 'collective will' of a group, such as '国民の意思' (the will of the people) or '議会の意思' (the will of the parliament). You should also be sensitive to the cultural nuance of '意思を汲み取る' (inferring someone's intent), which is a vital skill for high-level Japanese communication. This involves understanding what someone wants even if they don't say it explicitly. You might also encounter '意思' in academic or philosophical texts discussing '自由意思' (free will) versus determinism. Your ability to use '意思' correctly in these abstract and formal settings is a hallmark of the B2 level, showing that you can participate in sophisticated Japanese discourse.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C1 level, your mastery of '意思' (ishi) should be near-native. you understand that '意思' is not just a noun but a conceptual pillar in Japanese legal and philosophical thought. You can fluently discuss '意思能力' (mental capacity/competence) in a legal or medical context, referring to a person's ability to understand the consequences of their actions. You are also proficient in using '意思' in literary contexts, where it might represent a character's deep-seated motivation or the overarching 'will' of a narrative. Your use of collocations like '意思の疎通を欠く' (lacking mutual understanding) or '不退転の意思' (unshakeable resolve—though this often uses 意志, the overlap is nuanced) should be natural. You can also analyze the subtle shifts in meaning when '意思' is replaced by '意図' (ito) or '意向' (ikō) in a text, explaining how these choices change the tone from personal agency to strategic motive or organizational preference. In professional writing, you use '意思' to construct persuasive arguments, such as '関係者の意思を統一する' (unifying the intentions of the parties involved). Your understanding of the word extends to its historical and etymological roots, allowing you to appreciate how the concept of 'will' has evolved in Japanese society. You are capable of debating complex topics like the '意思の不在' (absence of intent) in automated systems or the ethical implications of '意思決定の自動化' (automation of decision-making).

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C2 level, you possess a profound and instinctive grasp of '意思' (ishi) across all domains of the Japanese language. You can navigate the most complex legal documents where '意思の欠缺' (defect of intention) or '通謀虚偽表示' (conspiracy of false declaration of intent) are discussed with ease. You understand the philosophical depths of '意思' as it relates to Japanese phenomenology and the construction of the 'self' in modern Japanese literature. You can critique the use of '意思' in political rhetoric, identifying how it is used to manufacture or represent 'public will.' In high-level diplomatic or corporate negotiations, you use '意思' with extreme precision, recognizing that the choice between '意思' and '意向' can signal different levels of commitment or flexibility. You are also aware of the historical development of the term, from its classical roots to its modern usage as a translation for Western concepts of 'will.' Your ability to use the word is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker, including the use of rare idioms or archaic patterns in specific literary contexts. You can provide expert commentary on the '意思疎通' challenges in multicultural environments, offering nuanced solutions that respect the underlying 'intentions' of all parties. For a C2 learner, '意思' is no longer just a vocabulary word; it is a versatile tool for expressing the most subtle and profound aspects of human agency and social interaction.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

意思 في 30 ثانية

Ishi (意思) means 'will' or 'intention.' It describes a person's formal plan or mental aim to do something.
It is commonly used in professional contexts like 'decision making' (意思決定) and 'communication' (意思疎通).
Don't confuse it with 意志 (willpower) or 医師 (doctor), which are pronounced the same but written differently.
It is a B1-level word that helps you express agency and formal intent more clearly than simple 'tsumori' or 'tai'.

The Japanese word 意思 (いし - ishi) is a foundational noun in the Japanese language, primarily translated as 'will,' 'intention,' or 'purpose.' At its core, it represents the internal mental state of having a specific aim or desire to perform an action. Unlike simple desires (which might be expressed as ほしい or ~たい), ishi implies a more formalized or concrete mental orientation. It is the 'intent' behind a choice, the 'will' to execute a plan, or the 'purpose' driving a decision. In the context of Japanese linguistics, ishi is often the silent engine behind the 'Volitional Form' of verbs (the ~おう/～ましょう forms), which are technically called 意思形 (ishikei).

Core Concept: The manifestation of a person's thought process as a directed goal. It is the 'what' and 'why' of a chosen path.
Semantic Nuance: While English uses 'will' for both 'determination' and 'intent,' Japanese often distinguishes between the two. 意思 is focused on the intent (the cognitive decision), whereas its homophone 意志 is focused on willpower (the mental strength to persevere).

彼は日本に留学する意思を固めた。
(He firmed up his intention to study abroad in Japan.)

You will encounter this word frequently in semi-formal to formal settings. For instance, in a medical context, a doctor might ask for the patient's ishi regarding a specific treatment plan. In legal contexts, the 'declaration of intent' (意思表示 - ishi hyōji) is a critical term describing the act of making one's will known to others. In daily conversation, it appears in phrases like 'communication' (意思疎通 - ishi sotsū), which literally means the 'drainage' or 'flowing' of intentions between two people. If you and your partner are not on the same page, a Japanese person might say '意思疎通ができていない' (Communication/mutual understanding is not happening).

本人の意思を尊重すべきだ。
(We should respect the person's own intentions/will.)

Furthermore, ishi plays a major role in the philosophy of 'self.' To have an ishi is to be an agent of one's own life. In political science or sociology discussions in Japanese, the 'collective will' of the people is often referred to as '民衆の意思' (minshū no ishi). It suggests a level of conscious, deliberate choice rather than just a passing whim. Understanding this word helps you bridge the gap between simple Japanese and the nuanced, conceptual Japanese used in newspapers, literature, and professional environments.

Common Contexts: 1. **Business**: Decision-making (意思決定). 2. **Legal**: Consent and intent (意思の合致). 3. **Relationships**: Understanding each other (意思の疎通).

相手の意思を確認してください。
(Please confirm the other party's intentions.)

In summary, ishi is the 'spirit of intent.' It is the kanji 意 (meaning/idea) combined with 思 (think/thought). It is the thought that has a meaning or a direction. When you use this word, you are moving beyond the 'what' of an action and into the 'will' that drives it. It is a word that grants agency and seriousness to the subject's actions.

Using 意思 (ishi) correctly requires understanding its grammatical placement as a noun that often takes specific particles and verbs. It is rarely used as a standalone exclamation; instead, it functions as the subject or object of a sentence to describe the state of one's mind or the quality of interaction between people. Because it is a B1-level word, you are expected to use it in more complex sentence structures that involve subordinate clauses or formal collocations.

Pattern 1: [Verb Dictionary Form] + 意思がある/ない: This is the most common way to express whether someone has the intention to do something. For example, '辞める意思はない' (I have no intention of quitting). This sounds much more definitive and firm than '辞めたくない'.

彼はそのプロジェクトに参加する意思があるようです。
(It seems he has the intention to participate in that project.)

Another vital pattern is 意思を表明する (to express/declare one's intention). This is used when someone makes their internal thoughts public. In a business meeting, a CEO might express their intention to expand into new markets. Similarly, 意思を固める (to firm up/harden one's intention) is used when a vague idea becomes a solid decision. If you were thinking about moving to Tokyo and finally decided for sure, you have '意思を固めた'.

自分の意思で決めてください。
(Please decide by your own will/intention.)

In social contexts, you will often hear about 意思疎通 (ishi sotsū). It is usually paired with verbs like '図る' (hakaru - to aim for/attempt) or '欠く' (kaku - to lack). 'チーム内での意思疎通を図る' means 'to strive for mutual understanding within the team.' This is a higher-level way of saying 'to communicate well.' If a relationship is failing because people don't understand each other, you might say '意思疎通がうまくいっていない' (Communication is not going well).

Pattern 2: [Noun] + の意思: Used to attribute the will to a specific person or group. '国民の意思' (The will of the people), '親の意思' (The parents' intention).

二人の間で意思の疎通が図られた。
(Mutual understanding was achieved between the two.)

When discussing choices made without coercion, the phrase '自由意思' (jiyū ishi - free will) is used. This is a common term in philosophy and law. If you signed a contract of your own accord, you did it based on your '自由意思.' Conversely, if someone forces you, they are '意思に反して' (ishi ni hanshite - against your will) making you do something. This '～に反して' pattern is very useful for describing situations where external pressure overrides internal desire.

親の意思に反して、彼は芸術家になった。
(Against his parents' wishes/will, he became an artist.)

Finally, consider the verb 意思決定 (ishi kettei), which means 'decision making.' This is a standard business term. '意思決定のプロセス' refers to the decision-making process. By using ishi instead of just kimeru (to decide), you emphasize the formal and intellectual act of choosing a direction.

In modern Japan, 意思 (ishi) is a word that straddles the line between everyday life and professional/academic discourse. While you might not hear a toddler using it to ask for candy, you will hear it constantly in news broadcasts, office meetings, and serious conversations between adults. It is a word that signals a transition from mere 'feelings' to 'intentions.' Understanding the specific environments where ishi thrives will help you grasp the 'vibe' of the word.

One of the most frequent places you will hear ishi is in the workplace. Japanese corporate culture places a high value on 'consensus' and 'mutual understanding.' Therefore, the term 意思疎通 (ishi sotsū) is a buzzword. Managers will often say, 'プロジェクトを成功させるには、メンバー間の意思疎通が欠かせません' (To make the project a success, mutual understanding among members is essential). If you hear this, know that they aren't just talking about 'talking'; they are talking about the alignment of everyone's goals and intentions.

会議で自分の意思をはっきりと伝える。
(Clearly convey your intentions at the meeting.)

In the news and legal reporting, ishi is used to discuss the validity of actions. For example, in a court case, the judge might investigate whether a defendant had the 'intent to kill' (殺害の意思 - satsugai no ishi). Or, in political news, a reporter might say, '首相は退陣する意思を否定しました' (The Prime Minister denied the intention to resign). In these contexts, ishi carries the weight of a formal commitment or a state of mind that has legal consequences.

Medical Settings: In Japanese hospitals, you might see forms regarding 'Informed Consent.' The word used for the patient's 'will' or 'wishes' regarding end-of-life care or surgery is often 意思. For example, '本人の意思確認' (Confirming the individual's intent).

延命治療を望まないという意思を示した。
(He showed the intention that he does not want life-prolonging treatment.)

In literature and anime, ishi is often used to describe a character's resolve or the 'will' of a larger entity. You might hear a fantasy protagonist talk about the 'will of the world' (世界の意思 - sekai no ishi) or the 'will of the gods' (神の意思 - kami no ishi). In these cases, the word takes on a grander, more mystical meaning, suggesting a pre-ordained purpose or a cosmic drive. This usage highlights that ishi is not just a human psychological state but can be an abstract force.

言葉にしなくても、彼の意思は伝わった。
(Even without words, his intention was conveyed.)

Finally, you'll hear it in discussions about technology, specifically AI. '人工知能に意思はあるのか' (Does AI have a will/intention?) is a common philosophical debate in Japanese tech circles. Here, ishi represents the spark of consciousness—the ability to want something and act toward it independently. Whether it's a robot's 'will' or a voter's 'intent,' ishi is the word that defines the conscious choice behind the action.

The most common mistake learners make with 意思 (ishi) is confusing it with its homophone 意志 (ishi). Both are pronounced exactly the same way, and they both relate to the mind's direction. However, their usage in writing (and their underlying nuance) is distinct. Mixing them up is a frequent error even for native Japanese speakers, but for a learner, mastering the difference is a sign of high proficiency.

意思 vs. 意志: - 意思 (Intent): Thinking about doing something. Used for communication, legal intent, and general plans. (e.g., 意思疎通, 意思表示).
- 意志 (Willpower): The strength of heart to achieve a goal. Used for resolve and determination. (e.g., 意志が強い, 意志薄弱).

Think of it this way: 意思 is the content of your thought (what you want to do), while 意志 is the strength of your thought (how hard you will try to do it). If you say '意思が強い,' a Japanese person will usually correct the kanji to '意志が強い' because you are talking about 'strong willpower.' Conversely, '意思疎通' almost always uses the 'intent' kanji because you are communicating your 'thoughts/intentions,' not your 'willpower.'

❌ 彼は勉強する意志がない。
✅ 彼は勉強する意思がない。
(He has no intention to study. Use 意思 for the 'plan' itself.)

Another mistake is overusing ishi in casual situations where 'tsumori' or 'think' would be more natural. If you tell a friend '明日、映画に行く意思があります' (I have the intention of going to a movie tomorrow), it sounds like you are making a legal declaration or you're a robot. In casual speech, stick to '明日、映画に行くつもりです' or '行こうと思ってます.' Use ishi when the topic is serious, formal, or involves a decision that affects others.

❌ 意思疎通を計る。
✅ 意思疎通を図る。
(Note the kanji for 'hakaru.' For 'planning/aiming for communication,' use 図る, not 計る/測る.)

Learners also sometimes confuse ishi with imi (meaning). While they share the kanji 意, imi (意味) is the meaning of a word or event, whereas ishi is the intention of a person. If you say 'その言葉の意思は何ですか?' you are asking 'What is that word's intention?' which makes no sense. You should ask 'その言葉の意味は何ですか?' (What is the meaning of that word?).

Common Kanji Confusion: 1. **医師** (ishi) - Doctor. 2. **石** (ishi) - Stone. 3. **遺志** (ishi) - Dying wish. Context is king when listening, but kanji is vital when writing!

本人の意思を確認する。
(Confirm the person's own intent. A very common professional phrase.)

Finally, be careful with the particle after ishi. Usually, it is '意思がある' (have the intent) or '意思を示す' (show intent). Avoid saying '意思をする,' which is grammatically incorrect. You don't 'do' an intention; you 'have' it, 'show' it, or 'express' it.

Japanese has several words that overlap with 意思 (ishi). Choosing the right one depends on the level of formality and whether you are focusing on the 'plan,' the 'goal,' or the 'desire.' Knowing these alternatives will help you sound more natural and precise in different contexts.

1. つもり (Tsumori): **Usage**: Daily life, casual to polite. **Nuance**: A personal plan or expectation. Unlike ishi, which is a formal noun, tsumori is a noun-helper that attaches to verbs. (e.g., 行くつもりです vs 行く意思があります).
2. 意図 (Ito): **Usage**: Formal, analytical. **Nuance**: The specific aim or design behind an action. Often used when analyzing someone's hidden motive or the purpose of a design. '作者の意図' (The author's intent).
3. 目的 (Mokuteki): **Usage**: General to formal. **Nuance**: The 'goal' or 'objective.' While ishi is the internal state of mind, mokuteki is the external target you are aiming for.

彼の発言には明確な意図がある。
(There is a clear intent/motive behind his statement.)

When comparing ishi (意思) and ito (意図), ishi is more about the 'will' to do something, while ito is more about the 'strategic purpose' behind it. If you decide to marry someone, that is your ishi. If you say something mean just to make them cry, that is your ito. Both are 'intentions,' but ito feels more calculated.

留学の目的は何ですか？
(What is the purpose/goal of your study abroad?)

Another related word is 志 (kokorozashi). This is a much higher-level word that implies a 'noble ambition' or 'aspiration.' If ishi is just 'I intend to do this,' kokorozashi is 'I have dedicated my life to this great cause.' You might have the ishi to study medicine, but you have the kokorozashi to save the world from disease.

Quick Comparison Table: - **意思 (Ishi)**: Will/Intent (Focus: Agency).
- **意向 (Ikō)**: Intention/Inclination (Focus: Preference/Direction). Often used for companies or organizations.
- **念 (Nen)**: Thought/Feeling (Focus: Deep-seated emotion/caution). '念のため' (Just in case/as a precaution).

会社の意向に従います。
(I will follow the company's intentions/inclinations.)

In summary, while ishi is the most versatile word for 'will' and 'intent' in formal Japanese, you should reach for tsumori for daily plans, ito for motives, mokuteki for goals, and ikō for formal organizational preferences. Mastering these distinctions will make your Japanese sound sophisticated and precise.

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

The kanji 意 contains the 'heart' (心) radical at the bottom, and 思 also contains the 'heart' (心) radical. This shows that in ancient times, 'intent' and 'thought' were considered functions of the heart, not just the brain.

دليل النطق

UK /i.ɕi/

US /i.ʃi/

Heiban (Flat) accent. The pitch stays relatively level throughout the word.

يتقافى مع

Kishi (岸 - shore) Hishi (菱 - diamond shape) Mishi (見し - saw) Nishi (西 - west) Rishi (利子 - interest) Shishi (獅子 - lion) Toshi (都市 - city) Yoshi (良し - good)

أخطاء شائعة

Pronouncing it like 'ishi' (stone) with a drop in pitch if the context is wrong.
Confusing it with 'isha' (doctor).
Elongating the 'i' sound too much.
Pronouncing 'shi' like the English 'she' with too much air.
Using the wrong pitch accent in a sentence, though 'ishi' is flat.

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 3/5

The kanji are standard but can be confused with homophones.

الكتابة 4/5

Remembering the difference between 意思 and 意志 is tricky.

التحدث 3/5

Used in formal or serious speech; easy to pronounce.

الاستماع 4/5

Hard to distinguish from 意志, 医師, or 石 without context.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

思う (To think) 意味 (Meaning) 意見 (Opinion) 決める (To decide) 伝える (To convey)

تعلّم لاحقاً

意志 (Willpower) 意図 (Motive) 意向 (Inclination) 疎通 (Communication/Flow) 尊重 (Respect)

متقدم

瑕疵 (Defect/Flaw) 欠缺 (Lack/Omission) 擬制 (Fiction) 不退転 (Indomitable) 昇華 (Sublimation)

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Volitional Form (意思形)

行こう、食べよう、しましょう

～つもりだ (Intention)

日本に行くつもりです。

～ようと思う (Thinking of doing)

新しい車を買おうと思っています。

～ことにする (Decide to do)

毎日走ることにしました。

～に反して (Against / Contrary to)

予想に反して、雨が降った。

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

私は日本に行く意思があります。

I have the intention to go to Japan.

Verb dictionary form + 意思がある is a formal way to say 'I plan to'.

彼の意思は分かりません。

I don't know his intention.

意思 is the subject here, followed by the particle は.

自分の意思で決めました。

I decided by my own will.

～の意思で means 'by the will of...'

意思を伝えてください。

Please convey your intention.

意思 is the object of the verb 伝える (to convey).

ここに意思を書いてください。

Please write your intention here.

Used in formal forms or surveys.

強い意思を持ってください。

Please have a strong will.

Although 意志 is more common for 'willpower,' 意思 is sometimes used in general contexts.

母の意思は反対でした。

My mother's intention was the opposite.

Possessive marker の links mother and intention.

意思があるなら、言ってください。

If you have an intention, please say it.

～なら indicates a condition (if).

チームの意思を確認します。

I will confirm the team's intention.

Confirming a collective 'ishi'.

意思疎通が大切です。

Communication (mutual understanding) is important.

意思疎通 is a very common compound noun.

彼は辞める意思を固めました。

He firmed up his intention to quit.

意思を固める means to make a final decision.

相手の意思を尊重します。

I respect the other party's intentions.

尊重 (sonchō) means to respect/value.

結婚の意思はありますか？

Do you have the intention to get married?

A common formal way to ask about marriage plans.

本人の意思で参加しました。

I participated of my own volition.

本人の意思 refers to the person in question's own will.

意思表示をはっきりしましょう。

Let's make our intentions clear.

意思表示 means declaring or showing intent.

意思に反して、行かされました。

Against my will, I was made to go.

意思に反して means 'against one's will'.

プロジェクトを進める意思があることを伝えました。

I conveyed that I have the intention to proceed with the project.

Using a clause [Verb + 意思がある] as a noun phrase.

彼らとの意思疎通がうまくいっていません。

Communication with them is not going well.

意思疎通 (ishi sotsū) is the standard term for mutual understanding.

自由意思に基づいて契約しました。

I signed the contract based on my free will.

自由意思 (jiyū ishi) is the term for 'free will'.

彼は留学する意思を表明した。

He expressed his intention to study abroad.

表明 (hyōmei) is a formal word for 'express' or 'declare'.

意思決定の権限は部長にあります。

The authority for decision-making lies with the general manager.

意思決定 (ishi kettei) means 'decision making'.

明確な意思を持って行動することが必要です。

It is necessary to act with a clear intention.

明確な (meikaku na) means 'clear' or 'distinct'.

国民の意思を政治に反映させる。

Reflect the will of the people in politics.

反映させる (han'ei saseru) means 'to reflect/apply'.

相手の意思を汲み取ることが得意です。

I am good at picking up on (inferring) others' intentions.

意思を汲み取る (ishi o kumitoru) is a key cultural phrase.

意思表示の不一致により、契約は無効となった。

Due to a discrepancy in the declaration of intent, the contract became void.

Legal context: 意思表示の不一致 (discrepancy in intent).

経営陣は、海外進出の意思を固めているようだ。

The management team seems to be firming up their intention to expand overseas.

経営陣 (keieijin) refers to the management/executives.

患者の意思を尊重した終末期医療が求められている。

End-of-life care that respects the patient's wishes is being called for.

Medical ethics context: 終末期医療 (end-of-life care).

意思疎通の欠如が、今回のトラブルの原因でした。

The lack of mutual understanding was the cause of this trouble.

欠如 (ketsujo) means 'lack' or 'deficiency'.

AIには自律的な意思があると言えるだろうか。

Can we say that AI has an autonomous will?

自律的な (jiritsu-teki na) means 'autonomous'.

彼女は親の意思を継いで、医師になった。

She followed her parents' wishes and became a doctor.

意思を継ぐ (ishi o tsugu) means to carry on someone's will/wishes.

意思決定プロセスを透明化することが課題だ。

Making the decision-making process transparent is the challenge.

透明化 (tōmeika) means 'making transparent'.

意思の疎通を図るために、定期的なミーティングを行う。

We hold regular meetings to facilitate mutual understanding.

図る (hakaru) here means to aim for or promote.

意思能力の有無が、裁判の争点となっている。

Whether or not there was mental capacity is the point of contention in the trial.

意思能力 (ishi nōryoku) is a legal term for 'mental capacity'.

民衆の総意としての意思が、歴史を動かしてきた。

The will as the consensus of the people has moved history.

総意 (sōi) means 'consensus' or 'collective opinion'.

彼は、組織の意思に埋没することなく、個を貫いた。

Without being buried in the will of the organization, he maintained his individuality.

埋没する (maibotsu suru) means to be buried/submerged.

意思表示の瑕疵を理由に、取り消しを申し立てる。

Claim a cancellation on the grounds of a defect in the declaration of intent.

瑕疵 (kashi) is a formal/legal term for 'defect' or 'flaw'.

言葉の裏にある真の意思を読み解く必要がある。

It is necessary to decipher the true intention behind the words.

読み解く (yomitoku) means 'to decipher' or 'to read into'.

不退転の意思を持って、この難局に立ち向かう。

With unshakeable resolve, we will face this difficult situation.

不退転 (futaiten) means 'indomitable' or 'unshakeable'.

意思決定の自動化がもたらす倫理的課題を議論する。

Discuss the ethical challenges brought about by the automation of decision-making.

もたらす (motarasu) means 'to bring' or 'to cause'.

政治家は、有権者の意思を汲み取る義務がある。

Politicians have a duty to pick up on the intentions of the voters.

有権者 (yūkensha) means 'voter' or 'electorate'.

意思の欠缺に基づく法律行為は、原則として無効である。

A legal act based on a lack of intention is, in principle, void.

欠缺 (kenketsu) is a highly technical legal term for 'lack' or 'omission'.

シュレディンガーの猫は、観測者の意思に依存するのだろうか。

Does Schrodinger's cat depend on the observer's will/intent?

Using 'ishi' in a high-level philosophical/scientific inquiry.

彼は、自らの意思を他者の欲望と取り違えていたことに気づいた。

He realized he had mistaken his own will for the desires of others.

取り違える (torichigaeru) means 'to mistake' or 'to misinterpret'.

国家の意思という擬制が、個人の生を規定していく。

The fiction of the 'will of the state' defines the lives of individuals.

擬制 (gisei) means 'fiction' or 'legal fiction'.

意思の疎通を極限まで追求した結果、沈黙が生まれた。

As a result of pursuing mutual understanding to the limit, silence was born.

極限 (kyokugen) means 'the limit' or 'the extreme'.

深層心理における無意識の意思が、行動を支配している。

Unconscious intent in the deep psychology governs behavior.

無意識 (muishiki) means 'unconscious'.

意思表示の解釈においては、表示行為の客観的意味が重視される。

In the interpretation of a declaration of intent, the objective meaning of the act of expression is emphasized.

客観的 (kyakkanteki) means 'objective'.

芸術とは、作家の意思が物質へと昇華されるプロセスである。

Art is the process by which the artist's intention is sublimated into matter.

昇華 (shōka) means 'sublimation' (in a psychological or chemical sense).

تلازمات شائعة

意思がある

意思を固める

意思疎通を図る

意思表示をする

意思を尊重する

意思決定を行う

意思に反する

意思を確認する

意思を伝える

自由意思

العبارات الشائعة

意思疎通

— Mutual understanding or communication. It describes the flow of thoughts between people.

意思疎通がうまくいかない。(Communication is not going well.)

意思決定

— Decision making. Usually used in formal or business contexts.

意思決定のプロセス。(The decision-making process.)

意思表示

— A declaration or expression of one's intent.

意思表示を明確にする。(To make one's intent clear.)

意思能力

— Legal mental capacity. The ability to understand the legal nature of one's acts.

意思能力がないと判断された。(Judged to lack mental capacity.)

意思を固める

— To make a firm decision. Literally 'to harden one's intent.'

彼は退職の意思を固めた。(He firmed up his intention to resign.)

意思を汲み取る

— To infer or understand someone's unstated intentions.

上司の意思を汲み取って動く。(Move by inferring the boss's intentions.)

意思に反して

— Against one's will or wishes.

意思に反して連れて行かれた。(Taken away against their will.)

意思の疎通を欠く

— To lack mutual understanding or communication.

意思の疎通を欠いた行動。(Actions lacking mutual understanding.)

本人の意思

— The person's own will or intention.

すべては本人の意思次第だ。(Everything depends on the person's own will.)

意思の合致

— A meeting of minds or agreement of intentions.

意思の合致が見られた。(A meeting of minds was observed.)

يُخلط عادةً مع

意思 vs 意志

Means 'willpower' or 'determination.' Focuses on strength of heart, whereas 意思 focuses on the content of the plan.

意思 vs 医師

Means 'medical doctor.' Same pronunciation but completely different kanji and meaning.

意思 vs 石

Means 'stone.' Same pronunciation but different pitch accent (often) and kanji.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"阿吽の呼吸"

— Being in perfect sync with someone, often without words. Relates to perfect 'ishi sotsū'.

二人は阿吽の呼吸で作業を進めた。

Idiomatic

"意思を貫く"

— To carry out one's will to the end despite obstacles.

最後まで自分の意思を貫いた。

Formal

"以心伝心"

— Telepathic communication; heart-to-heart understanding without words.

以心伝心で相手の言いたいことがわかる。

Common Idiom

"意思を曲げる"

— To change or compromise one's intention due to pressure.

彼は決して意思を曲げなかった。

Formal

"意思を通す"

— To get one's way or push through one's intention.

わがままを言って意思を通した。

Neutral

"意思を弄ぶ"

— To toy with someone's intentions or feelings.

人の意思を弄んではいけない。

Literary

"意思を投じる"

— To cast one's 'will' or vote into something.

一票の意思を投じる。

Political

"意思を問う"

— To question or challenge someone's intent.

真の意思を問う必要がある。

Formal

"意思を殺す"

— To suppress one's own will or desires.

自分の意思を殺して従った。

Literary

"意思を継ぐ"

— To carry on the will or legacy of a predecessor.

亡き父の意思を継ぐ。

Formal

سهل الخلط

意思 vs 意志

Identical pronunciation (ishi).

意思 is for 'intent/plan' (e.g., communication). 意志 is for 'willpower/resolve' (e.g., strong will). Use 意思 for business and 意志 for character traits.

意思疎通 (Communication) vs 意志が強い (Strong-willed).

意思 vs 意図

Similar meaning (intention).

意図 is more about the 'hidden motive' or 'strategic purpose' behind a specific act. 意思 is the general 'will' or 'intent' to do something.

犯人の意図 (Criminal's motive) vs 働く意思 (Will to work).

意思 vs 意向

Both mean 'intention.'

意向 is usually used for organizations, companies, or superiors expressing their 'inclination' or 'wishes.' 意思 is more personal or general.

会社の意向 (Company's wishes) vs 本人の意思 (Person's own will).

意思 vs 意味

Shares the kanji 意.

意味 means 'meaning' (of a word or event). 意思 means 'intention' (of a person).

言葉の意味 (Meaning of a word) vs 伝える意思 (Intent to convey).

意思 vs 意識

Shares the kanji 意 and sounds similar.

意識 means 'consciousness' or 'awareness.' 意思 is the 'will' to act.

意識を失う (Lose consciousness) vs 意思を示す (Show intent).

أنماط الجُمل

～の意思で

自分の意思で決めました。(Decided by my own will.)

～する意思がある

参加する意思があります。(I have the intention to participate.)

意思疎通を図る

意思疎通を図ることが大切です。(It is important to aim for mutual understanding.)

意思を伝える

はっきりと意思を伝えてください。(Please convey your intentions clearly.)

意思に反して

意思に反して働かされた。(Made to work against one's will.)

意思を固める

辞める意思を固めた。(Firmed up the intention to quit.)

意思を汲み取る

相手の意思を汲み取る努力をする。(Make an effort to infer the other's intentions.)

意思の欠缺

意思の欠缺により無効となる。(Becomes void due to a lack of intention.)

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

意思 (Intention)

意志 (Willpower)

意図 (Intent/Purpose)

意向 (Inclination)

الأفعال

意思する (To intend - rare)

意図する (To intend/aim)

思う (To think/feel)

الصفات

意思的な (Intentional - rare)

意志の強い (Strong-willed)

مرتبط

意識 (Consciousness)

意見 (Opinion)

意味 (Meaning)

用意 (Preparation)

注意 (Caution)

سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة

كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

Common in business, law, and serious discussions. Rare in casual daily chats.

أخطاء شائعة

Using 意志 when you mean 'intent'. → 意思
意志 is for willpower/resolve. 意思 is for the specific plan or intention you have in mind. If you are communicating a plan, use 意思.
Saying '意思をする'. → 意思がある / 意思を示す
意思 is a noun and is not turned into a verb with 'suru'. You have (aru) or show (shimesu) an intention, you don't 'do' it.
Using 意思 for 'meaning' of a word. → 意味
While both share the 'I' kanji, 意味 is for the definition of words. 意思 is for the intent of people. You can't ask for a word's 'intent'.
Pronouncing it like 'isha'. → ishi
Isha (doctor) is often confused with ishi by beginners. Make sure the 'i' sound is at the end, not 'a'.
Using 意思 casually with friends. → つもり / ～ようと思う
意思 sounds very formal and stiff. If you say 'I intend to go to the park' using 意思 to a friend, they will think you are joking or being weirdly serious.

نصائح

Formal vs Casual

Always remember that 意思 is a 'heavy' word. Use it for big life decisions, business, or formal documents. For what you're doing this weekend, use つもり.

Heart in the Kanji

Both kanji in 意思 (意 and 思) have the 'heart' radical (心). This reminds you that 'intent' comes from the heart/mind.

Master 'Ishi Sotsu'

Learning the phrase '意思疎通を図る' (aim for mutual understanding) is a great way to impress Japanese colleagues. It shows you care about communication.

Legal Intent

In Japanese law, 意思 is the 'ghost in the machine.' It's the internal desire that makes a contract valid. Without ishi, there is no agreement.

Medical Choice

When filling out medical forms in Japan, look for 意思 to find sections about your treatment preferences or organ donation.

The Doctor Trap

If someone says 'Ishi ni naritai,' they usually mean 'I want to be a doctor' (医師), not 'I want to be an intention.' Pay attention to the context!

Reading the Air

In Japan, expressing your ishi too strongly can be seen as aggressive. Try to 'ishi o kumitoru' (infer others' intent) to be more polite.

Volitional Link

The 'volitional form' (tabeyō, ikō) is called 意思形 because it literally expresses your ishi. Connecting the grammar name to the word helps memorization.

Firming it up

Use the verb '固める' (katameru - to harden) with 意思 when you have made a final, unchangeable decision.

Context Clues

When you hear 'ishi,' look at what the person is doing. If they are talking about a goal, it's 意思. If they are talking about a hospital, it's 医師.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Think of 'I' (意) as an 'Idea' and 'Shi' (思) as 'She' thinks. 'Idea she thinks' = her intention.

ربط بصري

Imagine a compass needle inside a brain. The needle pointing toward a goal is the 'ishi' (intention).

Word Web

Mind Heart Goal Plan Decision Communication Agency Choice

تحدٍّ

Try to use '意思疎通' in a sentence today when talking about communication with a friend or colleague.

أصل الكلمة

The word is a Sino-Japanese compound (Kango). It combines the kanji 意 (I) and 思 (Shi).

المعنى الأصلي: The movement of the heart/mind toward an object or thought.

Sino-Japanese (Kango)

السياق الثقافي

When discussing end-of-life care or legal matters, 'ishi' is a very sensitive and serious word. Use it with respect for the gravity of the person's choice.

English often uses 'will' for both determination and intention. Japanese splits these into 意志 and 意思, which can be confusing for English speakers.

The 'Will of D' in One Piece (often translated using 意思 or 意志 depending on context). Philosophical debates on 'Free Will' (自由意思) in Japanese translations of Kant or Schopenhauer. Japanese medical dramas often feature the 'Patient's Will' (患者の意思) as a central conflict.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Business Meeting

意思決定を急ぐ
意思疎通を図る
共通の意思を持つ
上司の意思を確認する

Legal/Contracts

自由意思による契約
意思表示の不一致
本人の意思確認
意思能力の有無

Medical/Healthcare

患者の意思を尊重する
意思表示カード
延命の意思がない
家族の意思を聞く

Relationships

意思疎通が大切だ
相手の意思を汲み取る
結婚の意思がある
意思をはっきり伝える

Philosophy/Education

自由意思とは何か
学ぶ意思を持つ
個人の意思を育てる
世界の意思を感じる

بدايات محادثة

"将来、海外で働く意思はありますか？ (Do you have the intention to work abroad in the future?)"

"チーム内での意思疎通を良くするために、何をすべきだと思いますか？ (What do you think we should do to improve communication within the team?)"

"あなたは自分の意思で今の仕事を選びましたか？ (Did you choose your current job of your own will?)"

"相手の意思を汲み取るのは得意ですか？ (Are you good at inferring other people's intentions?)"

"大きな決断をするとき、誰の意思を一番尊重しますか？ (When making a big decision, whose will do you respect the most?)"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

今日、自分の意思をはっきりと誰かに伝えた場面について書いてください。 (Write about a situation today where you clearly conveyed your intention to someone.)

最近、誰かとの意思疎通がうまくいかなかった経験はありますか？その原因は何でしたか？ (Have you recently had an experience where communication with someone didn't go well? What was the cause?)

あなたの「自由意思」で人生を変えた瞬間のことを詳しく記述してください。 (Describe in detail a moment when you changed your life through your own 'free will'.)

「意思」と「意志」の違いについて、自分の経験を交えて考察してください。 (Reflect on the difference between 'intent' and 'willpower' using your own experiences.)

社会における「国民の意思」はどのように形成されるべきだと思いますか？ (How do you think the 'will of the people' in society should be formed?)

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

Technically yes, '食べる意思がある' is grammatically correct, but it sounds extremely formal, like you are in a clinical study. For everyday wants, use '食べたい' or '食べるつもり'.

If you are talking about communication (意思疎通) or a plan (辞める意思), use 意思. If you are talking about someone being stubborn or having strong resolve (意志が強い), use 意志.

Yes, especially in fantasy or battle anime where characters talk about 'the will of the world' (世界の意思) or a character's 'unshakeable intent' to change the future.

The term is 自由意思 (jiyū ishi). It is used in philosophy, law, and general discussions about choice.

It is primarily a noun. While '意思する' exists in dictionary entries, it is almost never used in real life. Use '意思がある' or '意図する' instead.

It literally means 'the drainage/flow of intentions.' It refers to mutual understanding where both parties' thoughts are clearly communicated and understood.

Yes, it is the standard term. '意思表示' (declaration of intent) is a fundamental concept in Japanese contract law.

Usually, it is reserved for humans or intelligent entities. However, in scientific contexts, one might ask if animals have '意思' (agency/intent).

Yes, it is very appropriate. For example, '御社で働く強い意思があります' (I have a strong intention to work at your company) sounds very professional.

It is Heiban (type 0), meaning the pitch starts low and stays high and flat.

سجّل مجاناً للنصائح والملاحظات