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A2 adjective محايد #6,000 الأكثر شيوعاً 3 دقيقة للقراءة

메마르다

memareuda /me̞ma̠rɯda̠/
ملاحظات ونصائح

Overview

The Korean verb '메마르다' (memareuda) literally translates to 'to be dry' or 'to become dry,' often carrying the connotation of being parched, arid, or barren due to a lack of moisture. While it primarily describes physical dryness, especially concerning land, soil, or even skin, its usage extends metaphorically to situations or emotional states that are devoid of vitality, warmth, or richness.

In its most literal sense, '메마르다' is frequently used to describe environmental conditions. For instance, '메마른 땅' (memareun ttang) refers to 'dry land' or 'barren land,' often implying a lack of fertility and difficulty in cultivation. Similarly, one might describe '메마른 날씨' (memareun nalssi) as 'dry weather' or '메마른 기후' (memareun gihu) as 'arid climate.' The word evokes an image of a landscape longing for rain, where cracks appear in the earth due to extreme dehydration.

Beyond the physical, '메마르다' can be employed to describe the lack of emotional depth or human connection. For example, a person might be described as having a '메마른 가슴' (memareun gaseum), meaning a 'dry heart' or an 'unfeeling heart,' suggesting a lack of empathy, compassion, or emotional responsiveness. This metaphorical usage highlights a state of emotional barrenness, where joy, sorrow, or love struggle to take root. Similarly, one could speak of a '메마른 인간관계' (memareun ingangwangye) to denote 'dry human relationships' or 'strained relationships,' implying a lack of warmth, intimacy, or mutual understanding.

Furthermore, '메마르다' can refer to a lack of inspiration, creativity, or vibrancy in artistic or intellectual endeavors. For example, a '메마른 상상력' (memareun sangsangnyeok) would mean 'dry imagination' or 'uninspired imagination,' indicating a creative block or a lack of imaginative power. In this context, the word suggests a state of intellectual or artistic stagnation, where ideas and innovation struggle to flourish.

Grammatically, '메마르다' is an adjective-like verb (형용사 동사 - hyeongyongsa dongsa), meaning it describes a state or quality. It conjugates like other descriptive verbs. For example:

  • Present tense (declarative): 메마르다 (memareuda - it is dry)
  • Present tense (adjective form): 메마른 (memareun - dry, arid)
  • Past tense: 메말랐다 (memallatda - it was dry)
  • Future tense: 메마를 것이다 (memareul geosida - it will be dry)

Understanding '메마르다' thus requires appreciating its dual nature: a literal descriptor of physical dryness and a powerful metaphor for emotional, social, or creative barrenness. It effectively conveys a sense of deficiency, absence, and a longing for that which is lacking.

أمثلة

1

그 땅은 너무 메말라서 아무것도 자랄 수 없었다.

자연/환경

The land was so dry that nothing could grow.

2

메마른 대지에 단비가 내리기를 모두가 염원했다.

자연/환경

Everyone hoped for a welcome rain on the arid land.

3

오랜 가뭄으로 강바닥이 메말랐다.

자연/환경

The riverbed dried up due to the long drought.

4

그의 메마른 감성은 어떤 예술 작품도 이해하지 못했다.

감정/성격 (비유적)

His dry emotions couldn't understand any work of art.

5

메마른 삶에 활력을 불어넣을 무언가가 필요했다.

삶/상황 (비유적)

Something was needed to breathe life into his dry life.

تلازمات شائعة

메마른 땅
메마른 대지
메마른 계절
메마른 감정

يُخلط عادةً مع

메마르다 مقابل 메마르다 (memareuda)
Although identical in spelling and pronunciation, '메마르다' with the meaning 'to be dry or arid' specifically refers to land or natural environments lacking moisture. Another common usage of '메마르다' describes a person's emotions or personality as being 'dry, cold, or lacking warmth/empathy.' For example, '그의 감정은 메말라 있었다' (His emotions were dry/cold) implies a lack of emotional expression or warmth. While both relate to a lack, one is physical (land) and the other is metaphorical (emotions). The context usually clarifies which meaning is intended.

أنماط نحوية

A/V-아서/어서 메마르다 A/V-(으)면 메마르다 A/V-게 메마르다

كيفية الاستخدام

ملاحظات الاستخدام

When using '메마르다,' it's important to consider the nuanced connotations it carries. While it directly translates to 'dry' or 'arid' for land, its metaphorical applications are more common in everyday conversation and literature. It's often used as an adjective (메마른) to describe nouns that lack vitality, emotion, or richness. For example, '메마른 생활' (memareun saenghwal) implies a dull or uninteresting life, devoid of joy or excitement. You might also hear it in phrases like '메마른 표정' (memareun pyojeong), referring to aexpressionless or cold face, or '메마른 인정' (memareun injeong), indicating a lack of human warmth or compassion. The word can also be used in its verb form to describe something becoming dry or withered, both literally and figuratively. When describing a person, '메마르다' can suggest emotional aloofness or a lack of empathy, so it's often used in a slightly critical or melancholic context. Avoid using it for objects that are simply not wet; '마르다' (mareuda) is a more neutral term for general dryness.

أخطاء شائعة

A common mistake for '메마르다' is confusing it with words that describe a general state of being dry, like '마르다' (mareuda). While '마르다' can mean dry, '메마르다' specifically conveys a deeper, more extreme dryness, often implying a lack of moisture that leads to barrenness or emaciation, especially in the context of land, soil, or even emotions. For instance, you wouldn't typically say '옷이 메마르다' (the clothes are arid), but rather '옷이 마르다' (the clothes are dry). '메마르다' is reserved for situations where the dryness has a significant, often negative, impact.

أصل الكلمة

The Korean word '메마르다' (memareuda) is a compound verb that can be broken down into two main components: '메-' (me-) and '-마르다' (-mareuda). This structure provides insight into its meaning of being dry or arid. Let's delve into each component and their historical development. '마르다' (mareuda) is the core verb meaning 'to dry,' 'to wither,' or 'to run dry.' Its origins can be traced back to Old Korean. In Middle Korean, forms like '말다' (malGeuda) or '마다' (malGwo-ta) are attested, showing a consistent semantic core. This root is found in various related words such as '마른' (mareun, dry, as in '마른 나무' - dry wood), '말리다' (mallida, to dry something, causative), and '마름' (mareum, dryness). The prefix '메-' (me-) is more nuanced and contributes an intensifying or specifying function to the verb '마르다.' In Old and Middle Korean, '메-' often appeared as a prefix indicating a state of being completely, intensely, or naturally in a certain condition, often with a slight negative connotation in terms of natural resources. For instance, it can imply a state of barrenness or being naturally dry. Consider its usage in other words like '메마른 땅' (memareun ttang, barren land) or '메마른 가슴' (memareun gaseum, a dry/cold heart), where it emphasizes the extent of dryness or lack of warmth/moisture. Historically, the combination of '메-' and '마르다' would have highlighted a state of extreme or inherent dryness, especially concerning land or natural elements. Over centuries, the two components have fused to form the single verb '메마르다,' where '메-' no longer functions as a separable prefix in modern Korean but rather as an integral part of the verb, contributing to its intensified meaning of being severely dry, parched, or arid. The nuance it adds is not just simple dryness, but a more profound state of lacking moisture, often implying an adverse condition for life or growth. This evolution reflects a linguistic tendency in Korean to create more descriptive verbs by compounding roots and prefixes to convey more specific or intensified meanings.

السياق الثقافي

The word '메마르다' (memareuda) evokes a sense of desolation and hardship in Korean culture, often extending beyond its literal meaning of dryness. It can be used metaphorically to describe a lack of emotion, warmth, or vitality in a person or a situation. For instance, a '메마른 감정' (memareun gamjeong) refers to dry or withered emotions, indicating a state of apathy or emotional emptiness. In traditional Korean poetry and literature, '메마른 땅' (memareun ttang) frequently symbolizes a barren existence, a difficult life, or a period of suffering, where hope and prosperity are scarce. The term can also reflect a certain stoicism or resilience in the face of adversity, portraying individuals who persevere despite a 'dry' or unrewarding environment. It resonates with the historical agricultural roots of Korea, where rainfall and fertile land were crucial for survival, thus embedding a deep-seated understanding of what it means for something to be '메마르다.'

نصيحة للحفظ

Visualize a desert, completely '메마르다' (memareuda) - so dry that everything is parched and lifeless. Imagine a '메마른' (memareun) desert flower trying to bloom.

الأسئلة الشائعة

4 أسئلة
'메마르다' (memareuda) is a Korean adjective that literally translates to "to be dry" or "to be parched." It describes something lacking moisture or rainfall, particularly in the context of land, leading to an arid or barren state. This word often carries a sense of desolation or lack of vitality due to the absence of water. It can evoke images of cracked earth, withered plants, and a general lack of life or lushness. The term is quite evocative in conveying a sense of dryness that impacts the environment.
'메마르다' can be used in various contexts to describe dryness. For instance, you might say "땅이 메말랐다" (ttangi memallatda), meaning "the land is dry/arid." Or, "가뭄으로 인해 강바닥이 메말랐다" (gammumeuro inhae gangbadagi memallatda), which translates to "due to the drought, the riverbed became dry." It's commonly used to depict environmental conditions affected by a lack of water, highlighting the consequences of such dryness on the landscape. The word emphasizes a state of being significantly deprived of moisture.
Yes, '메마르다' can also be used figuratively to describe emotional or spiritual dryness, a lack of warmth, or a cold demeanor in a person. For example, one might say "그의 마음은 메말랐다" (geuui maeumeun memallatda), meaning "his heart is dry/cold/unfeeling." In this sense, it implies a lack of empathy, compassion, or emotional richness. It suggests a person who is emotionally barren or unresponsive, much like dry land lacks life. This figurative usage extends its meaning beyond just physical dryness.
Synonyms or related words for '메마르다' that describe physical dryness include '건조하다' (geonjohada - to be dry), which is a more general term for dryness. For emotional or figurative dryness, words like '냉정하다' (naengjeonghada - to be cold-hearted, unemotional) or '무감각하다' (mugamgakhada - to be insensitive, numb) can capture a similar sentiment. '메마르다' specifically emphasizes a state of being parched or barren, whether literally or metaphorically, highlighting a significant lack of moisture or vitality.

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